JP2010248873A - Construction method of highly-insulated wall for wooden house - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for completing the construction of a super-insulated house with its wall insulation thickness of 200 mm or larger without causing reduction in an indoor residential floor space caused by an increase in wall thickness. <P>SOLUTION: In the method, a basic premium section 21 is integrally-formed at a time in a basic building stage. Furthermore, the combination of a limb supporting vertical post 7 and a reinforcing board 9 is separately prepared. Such a combination of the limb supporting vertical post 7 and the reinforcing board 9 is joined to two or more columns 3 erected on a groundwork 2 firmly-mounted to a foundation 1. An insulator supporting baseplate 14 is fixed on the bottom. Then the space created by combining all of these parts is filled with an insulating material 20 to construct the highly-insulated wall. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

In the present invention, in the heat insulation of a wooden house, it is possible to reduce the cost without reducing the indoor side space by overcoming the conventional construction method in which the indoor side space is reduced as the heat insulation wall thickness increases. Field related to the construction method.

Technology background

The wooden house wall heat insulating structure has an inner wall on the indoor side (4), a moisture-proof film (6) is stretched on the outside, a heat-insulating material filling part is formed on the outside of the moisture-proof film (6), and a wind-proof transparent wall is formed on the outside. A wet film (18) is stretched, and a ventilation layer (13) is constructed on the outer side by a trunk edge (11). In general, the outer side of the air-permeable layer (13) is covered with an outer wall panel (19) (for example, a siding material). FIG. 1 shows the configuration.

In the construction of a wooden house in the construction of a house, a solid foundation (1) is constructed, and a base (2) is firmly fixed with bolts, nuts, metal fittings, etc., and columns (3), studs, etc. are placed on it. Build a framework of a wooden house.

In recent years, the wall insulation of new houses has been increasingly heat-insulated, and for this purpose, it is judged that the method of increasing the performance of the heat insulating material or increasing the heat insulating thickness is the optimum. However, the former product has a limit in improving the heat insulation performance, and in order to improve the wall heat insulation performance in the future, there was no choice but to take a method by increasing the density and thickness of the heat insulating material and improving the construction technique. [FIG. 2] shows a conventional construction method, which is a method of creating a heat insulation layer wall thickness by a design that moves the inner wall (5) in the direction of the indoor side (4). Therefore, the indoor side (4) space is reduced, and the reduction of the indoor side (4) space is a major drawback.

On the other hand, when increasing the heat insulation thickness, it was possible to move the heat insulation material filling portion (16) thickness increase in the outdoor side (12) direction by adding a heat insulation material up to a thickness of 60 mm. Technically impossible. The reason for this is that in the example of adding a polystyrene foam material (for example, styrofoam) as the most suitable heat insulating material, it is necessary to fix the heat insulating material to the column, and further, the outer wall material is fixed to the column through the heat insulating material. It has been found that the load of the outer wall material cannot be maintained because the length of the nail for fixing becomes long. In order to hold the heat insulating material by driving it into the housing, the nail length needs to be twice the heat insulating material thickness. Therefore, since the heat insulating material has a maximum thickness of 60 mm, a usable nail has a maximum of 120 mm. The wall thickness could only be increased by less than half of the nail. That is, according to the conventional method, it is impossible to construct a highly heat-insulating wall having an outer wall side of 200 mm or more, and the purpose of the present heat insulation cannot be achieved.

The highly heat insulating wall expressed in the present invention means a wall having a wall thickness of 200 mm or more, and generally a wall having a heat insulating layer having a thickness of 200 mm to 500 mm, and is a roll product of rock wool or glass wool heat insulating material. In addition, the heat insulating material filling portion (16) is filled with a plate-like product, a cotton lump, and a cellulose fibrillated product (hereinafter referred to as raw cotton for blowing). High insulation walls depend on the packing density of these insulation materials, and nowadays, in construction of high insulation walls, the construction method (hereinafter referred to as the blowing construction method) in which blowing raw cotton is blown in view of the most workability, construction speed, and stability. Yes. In EU passive houses, the wall insulation performance is defined as 0.1 w / m ² K or less, which is extremely severe compared to the next-generation recommended standards in Japan (1.6 w / m ² K or less). Is required. Even when a heat insulating material having a thermal conductivity λ = 0.036 w / mk is used, the heat insulating material thickness reaches 360 mm. In Japan, there is an increasing demand for high thermal insulation performance, earthquake resistance, and prevention of condensation in the future, and it can be predicted that a blowing method that can freely adapt to the insulation thickness will be adopted as the thermal insulation method. Therefore, if a highly insulated wall construction method that does not narrow the indoor side (4) space is developed, it will become the gospel of the housing industry.

As described above, the demand for higher heat insulation and higher airtightness will increase in Japan in the future, and as described above, the performance of 0.1 w / m ² K or less as in the EU countries is required. That is, high heat insulation is because air conditioning, energy consumption reduction, and carbon dioxide emission regulations are indispensable conditions for housing construction. In this case, it is predicted that a heat insulation thickness of 200 mm or more is required, and the conventional construction method cannot maintain the indoor side (4) space, prevent an increase in the current cost, and achieve it. And some kind of method was sought.

In addition, Japan is an earthquake-prone country, and it is desired to supply earthquake-resistant houses. The strength of the house is required in relation to the structural design, the strength of the material used, or the weight of the upper part. The strength of the material is affected by the strength of the wood used, the number or shape of nails or metal fittings, the weight of the roof tile, the frame assembly method, and the like. In the conventional method, attempts have been made to achieve a heat insulation thickness of 350 to 450 mm, but no method is provided that does not reduce the indoor area. This indoor area reduction method has also been a factor in delaying the spread of highly insulated houses.

It has already been described that the increase in heat insulation by this conventional method results in the inner wall (5) reducing the inner area of the house by increasing the heat insulation thickness. That is, since the inner wall moves to the indoor side (4), the indoor side (4) has a large drawback. This is a decrease in the effective indoor area, and in order to maintain the same living area, it is necessary to increase the construction floor area, which is an important factor in increasing the construction cost. For example, if 100 mm thick wall heat insulation is changed to 350 mm thick wall heat insulation, it is clear that the indoor side space becomes 250 mm narrower than the conventional specification per wall surface, resulting in a large loss.

Because of this, it is a construction method that is not much different from the conventional building construction price, and is a highly heat-insulating, air-tight, high earthquake-resistant house that does not reduce the indoor side (4) space by high heat insulation. There has been a demand for a method for constructing an insulating wall.
"JP 2008-127854" “Thermal Environment Plan for Northern Housing” Hokkaido Rehome Center [Evaluation of service life of external insulation finishing system in Ireland & UK] IBP Report 2007

The present inventor is concerned with the problem that the indoor space has to be reduced along with the increase in the heat insulation wall thickness for high heat insulation that could not be solved by the conventional method described in [Technical Background], and the wall heat insulation thickness increase. At the same time, the objective was to provide an excellent construction method that solved the technical problems of physical properties without reducing the indoor space.

Means for Solving the Invention

Means for solving the problems are as follows. [FIG. 1] [FIG. 2] [FIG. 3] [FIG. 4]
[FIG. 1] is a normal heat insulation method, and the thickness of the heat insulating material (20) varies depending on the region. For example, in Hokkaido, a thickness of 100 to 140 mm is a normal specification and is adopted for heat insulation of a general house. The main methods are the blowing method and the filling method of mats or plate-like products, and as the heat insulating material used, products suitable for those methods such as rock wool, glass fiber and cellulose fiber are adopted. On the indoor side (4), an inner wall (5) and a moisture-proof film (6) are constructed on the outside, a pillar (3) arranged vertically and fixed on a base (2) fixed on the foundation (1) ) The moisture-proof film (6) covers the surface of the base (2) and blocks the movement of air and water vapor between the inner wall (5) indoor side and the heat insulating material filling part (16). The heat insulating material filling portion (16) is filled with the heat insulating material (20) to a thickness as designed. Particularly, in the blowing method, in order to prevent scattering at the time of blowing, it is almost the case that the heat insulating material is blown after the heat insulating material filling portion (16) is constructed with a net-like sheet. A heat-insulating material filling portion (16) is formed as a space surrounded by the moisture-proof film (6), the wind-proof / breathable film (18) and the pillar (3), and the space is filled with the heat-insulating material (20) to fill the indoor side. (4) protects against the effects of temperature changes. In order to construct a highly heat insulating wall under such conditions, rolls and mats of heat insulating material require a plurality of overlapping constructions, which increases the risk of generating voids between layers. Therefore, for the construction of a highly insulated wall, a blowing method using blowing raw cotton that does not generate voids is optimal and most preferable. Furthermore, rock wool having a high packing density and stable heat insulation performance is preferable for achieving the object.

As described above, in the conventional method, in order to increase the thickness of the heat insulating material filling portion (16), as shown in FIG. 2, the heat insulating material filling portion (16) on the foundation (1) in the indoor side (14) direction. I had to take a way to increase it. That is, the increase in the thickness of the heat insulation layer due to the high heat insulation is that the inner wall (5) moves in the direction of the indoor side (4), and the indoor side (4) space is accordingly reduced. . In particular, the reduction of the living space could not be tolerated by residents due to the size of the furniture and the intimidation. For example, when the heat insulating material filling portion (16) has a thickness of 100 mm to 450 mm, the inner wall (5) moves to the indoor side (4) by 350 mm as compared with the conventional case, and the space is reduced accordingly.

In order to solve these problems, the present inventors invented a completely different method of the conventional 100-140 mm insulation thickness construction principle without reducing the indoor side (5) space as described below, It was possible to provide it as a method that makes it possible to easily make a highly insulated house. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the base additional portion (21) for holding the protruding portion holding vertical column (7) is increased to 30 mm or more to the conventional base (1) and formed at the same time so that the basic area is slightly reduced. The problem was to solve the problem by creating a protruding part by increasing it.

The invention's effect

The effect of the present invention is that a projection is provided on the outdoor side (12), the projection holding column (7) and the reinforcing plate (9) are firmly integrated so as to receive the load from the top, and the projection holding vertical Construction method that can build a highly insulated house wall at low cost without narrowing the indoor side (4) space by building the heat insulating material filling part (16) so that the pillar (7) is held by the base extra part (21) Was able to provide.

The embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, and the details will be described below.

[FIG. 3] [FIG. 4] is a side view of a heat insulating material filling portion structure. The heat insulating material thickness of the highly insulated house wall to which the present invention is applied is 200 mm or more, but it can be applied to normal wall insulation of 200 mm or less for the purpose of expanding the indoor side (4) space as an application of the present invention. .
First, the basic extra portion (21) is integrally formed at the base construction stage at the same time. Next, a combination of the protrusion-holding vertical column (7) and the reinforcing plate (9) is separately created. Two or more reinforcing plates (9) are fixedly provided in the length direction of the protruding portion holding vertical columns (7). The reinforcing plate (9) can be fixed by [FIG. 3] a method of fixing the reinforcing plate (9) on the side surface of the protrusion holding column (7), or a protrusion holding vertical as shown in FIG. A method of fixing between the columns (7) is typical, but any method effective for the purpose of reinforcement can be adopted. The shape of the reinforcing plate (9) is typically a trapezoid, but other shapes can be adopted as long as the reinforcing purpose can be achieved.
The interval is preferably created with an interval of 1200 mm or less. The fixing method is generally carried out with a nail, but at the same time, it is preferable to use an adhesive together to increase the strength. The shape of the reinforcing plate (9) is preferably a trapezoid and is the side fixed to the protruding portion holding vertical column (7). The material may be wood or plastic. Moreover, the nail | claw for fastening should just be what can be fixed firmly, and also can use an adhesive agent simultaneously. As the adhesive, a thermosetting resin adhesive that exhibits high strength is preferable, and examples thereof include an adhesive made of an epoxy resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, a vinyl urethane resin, and the like. It is done.

The combination of the protrusion-holding vertical column (7) and the reinforcing plate (9) manufactured in this way is combined with a plurality of columns (3) erected on the base (2) fixed on the foundation (1). High strength can be obtained when the nail (10) is joined or bonded by an adhesive as shown in FIG. 6 or FIG. Further, a heat insulating material holding bottom plate (14) is similarly fixed to the bottom with a nail (10) and an adhesive to support the heat insulating material load. If it does in this way, the space enclosed by the protrusion holding | maintenance vertical column (7), the reinforcement board (9), and the heat insulating material holding bottom board (14) can be formed. The space formed by these combinations is the heat insulating material filling portion (16), and this space is filled with the heat insulating material. In the example of the blowing method, the heat insulating material weight is a maximum load of 20 kg / m ² or less, and since the holding force by the nail per reinforcing plate (9) is 80 kg or more, it is proved to be an extremely reliable method. ing. Therefore, the present inventor proved that the strength of 120 kg or more per reinforcing plate (9) is ensured when the adhesive is further used, which is extremely safe.

In this construction method, it is preferable to provide a ventilation layer between the outer wall panels (19) at the trunk edge (11) after filling the heat insulating material. This air-permeable layer is intended to prevent moisture condensation in the walls by diffusing water vapor that permeates from the room to the outdoors. A windproof / breathable film is stretched on the indoor side, and it is preferable to cope with water and wind ingress from the outside.

[FIG. 5] is a perspective view showing a diagram relating to these constructions. As shown in the figure, it is clear that the protruding portion protrudes to the outdoor side and does not affect the indoor area reduction. If it did in this way, it invented that a highly heat-insulating wall can be easily constructed | assembled by a small-scale foundation extra (21), reinforcement board (9) installation, a protrusion holding | maintenance vertical column (7), etc.

Hereinafter, examples will be described, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples as long as it does not exceed the gist thereof.
The inventor practiced the construction of a highly insulated wooden house according to the invention in Otaru City, Hokkaido.
In housing construction, foundation construction starts. In consideration of the freezing depth in the Otaru area, the foundation was constructed with the bottom 60 cm below the ground surface. In that case, it expanded and constructed in the 5cm outdoor direction which is the width which supports a protrusion holding pillar rather than a normal foundation construction position. After the construction, it was left for 28 days for curing the concrete, and then the foundation was installed. The foundation was integrated and fastened with a bolt protruding nut method embedded in the concrete foundation for engagement. Next, the basic work in the frame wooden house construction such as pillars, beams, and studs was completed. Next, in carrying out the wall heat insulation method according to the present invention, a protrusion holding column and a reinforcing plate combination were manufactured in a ladder shape in advance. The protrusion-holding vertical pillars were 38 mm × 38 mm pine cones with a length of 3600 mm, and reinforcing plates were fixed in the length direction with nails and an adhesive at intervals of 600 mm. The nail was completed by placing it so as to be embedded in the direction of the reinforcing plate from the vertical column holding the protrusion. The adhesive was sufficiently applied to the contact surfaces of the protrusion-holding vertical columns and the reinforcing plate, and was allowed to stand at room temperature until it was completely cured. The adhesive used was an unsaturated polyester resin type and an isophthalic acid type (UPP bond W type) in consideration of durability and having a normal temperature gelation time of 30 minutes. After producing the member by applying adhesive and nailing, it was left for 48 hours and used for attachment. As for the attachment method, avoiding the protrusion-holding vertical columns, the reinforcing plate, and the joints, the nails were placed and fixed with nails.
Next, a heat insulating material holding bottom plate was fixed to the lower part so that a part of the indoor side rides on the base additional part. As the heat insulating material holding bottom plate material, a water-resistant board solidified with a phenol-based adhesive was used in this example. In order to prevent scattering from the heat insulating material filling portion (space) constructed by the heat insulating material blowing fine fibers in this way to the work place, a polyethylene net was stretched and the heat insulating material was filled with a blowing device. After that, an outer wall was constructed on the outdoor side of the constructed ventilation layer, and a highly insulated wall was constructed by binding tightly with the insulating material holding bottom plate.
As described above, in this construction method, it is possible to construct a highly insulated wall without reducing the area on the indoor side, and it was possible to complete the foundation part only with an extra 5 cm or less, and the insulating material filling part construction member It was possible to eliminate the disadvantage of the construction cost increase by making it an efficient method to install and install separately.

Insulation side view of wall insulation thickness 140mm or less (conventional method) Wall insulation 200-450mm high insulation method side view (conventional method) Side view of the heat insulating material filler structure of the present invention Side view of the wall filled with the heat insulating material of the present invention Insulation material structure perspective view of the present invention Side view of protruding ladder Mounting side view of protruding ladder-like member

1 foundation 2 foundation 3 pillar 4 indoor side 5 inner wall 6 moisture-proof film 7 protrusion holding column 8 foundation surface 9 reinforcing plate 10 nail 11 trunk edge 12 outdoor side 13 ventilation layer 14 heat insulating material holding bottom plate material 15 draining 16 heat insulating material filling part 17 heat insulating plate 18 windproof / breathable film 19 outer wall panel 20 heat insulating material 21 basic extra part 22 ground 23 adhesive

Claims (2)

In the construction of a wall insulation filling section in a highly insulated house building, a method of building a highly insulated wall filling section by increasing the basic ground part such as concrete to the outdoor side. In the formation of [Claim 1], a ladder-like member is manufactured by combining a reinforcing plate and a protrusion-holding vertical column, and a nail, a screw, a metal fitting, and an adhesive are attached to a column, an intermediate column, a reinforcing material, etc., which are fixed on the base. A construction method that builds up a heat insulation layer filling part by fixing by using an agent or by attaching it by wedge method.

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