JP2010246497A - Harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a harvester having a guard mechanism, and improving safety of an operator. <P>SOLUTION: The harvester includes: a plurality of conveyors 302 and 303 for transporting harvests; guard members 10 and 10' installed movably from each guard position for guarding the lateral face in the upper part between the plurality of conveyors 302 and 303 to a non-guard position without carrying out guard; a limit switch 13 allowing the detection of the positions of the guard members 10 and 10'; and a control part 16 for controlling the conveyors 302 and 303. When the guard members 10 and 10' are not located in the guard position, the control part 16 stops the conveyors 302 and 303 according to information from the limit switch 13. Thereby, the problems are solved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a harvesting machine, and more particularly, to a harvesting machine having a guard mechanism and improving worker safety.

  An example of a conventional harvester is shown in FIGS. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a conventional harvesting machine. FIG. 14 is an explanatory side view showing a conventional harvesting machine. In this harvester 300, an operator takes a step 311 installed on the side of the harvester main body and operates an operation lever or the like of an operation unit 310 disposed in the vicinity of the side of the side surface of the second conveyor 303, so that the crawler It self-propels by 307 and harvests crops, such as a potato, in the soil of a farm field.

  A tip 301 is installed at the tip of the first conveyor 302, and the harvested material in the soil is excavated with the advance 301, and the excavated harvest is conveyed by the first conveyor 302. In this case, the first conveyor 302 is at an angle with a small inclination with respect to the ground in the same manner as the prepayment 301 in order to easily convey the harvested product from the prepayment 301. On the other hand, the harvested product conveyed to the rear end of the first conveyor 302 is delivered to the second conveyor 303 via the mechanism shown in FIG.

  The second conveyor 303 has a tighter inclination with respect to the ground than the first conveyor 302, and conveys the harvested product to a high position at a short distance. Then, the mud is dropped by dropping the harvested product on the first sorting conveyor 304, and the harvested product is further transported by the second sorting conveyor 305 and stored in the flexible container 306. Since the second conveyor 303 conveys the harvested product to a higher position, the heights of the first sorting conveyor 304 and the second sorting conveyor 305 are increased, and the operator performs operations such as sorting the harvested items on these sorting conveyors. It is easy to do.

  Further, the first conveyor section 331 having the first conveyor 302 and the tip 301 is moved upward (in the direction of the arrow in the figure) by the cylinder 330 in the front side (in the direction of the arrow in the drawing), and when not in operation. The overall length of the harvester 300 can be shortened.

  FIG. 15 is an enlarged view between the first and second conveyors in a conventional harvesting machine. The harvested product (here, potato 400 is exemplified) conveyed from the first conveyor 302 is pressed by a pressing bar 321 attached to the frame 322, thereby forcibly rotating a sprocket 323 and a drawing roller 324 that is a rubber crawler. It is conveyed to between. At this time, the sprocket 323 and the drawing roller 324 are forcibly rotated in the direction of the arrow in the figure. Since the pulling roller 324 is pushed to the sprocket 323 side by the urging force of the spring 327 via the tension arm 325, the vine 401 of the potato 400 is sandwiched between the sprocket 323 and the pulling roller 324, and the vine 401 is It can be separated. After that, only the tuber 402 of the tuber 400 is conveyed by the second conveyor 303, so that the operation of removing the temple 401 can be automatically performed.

  FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a relationship among a press bar, a sprocket, and a rubber crawler in a conventional harvesting machine. A plurality of sprockets 323 are installed in the axial direction of the sprocket shaft 328. A plurality of pressing bars 321 are also arranged in the horizontal direction, and are arranged between the sprockets 323. On the other hand, the drawing roller 324 has a plurality of grooves 329 in the lateral direction, and the sprocket 323 is disposed so as to coincide with the grooves 329. With such a configuration, the vine 401 can be removed more steadily.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 1 describes an onion harvester having an emergency stop switch.

JP-A-2005-21037

  As described in the prior art of FIGS. 13 to 16, the configuration having two conveyors (the first conveyor and the second conveyor) brings about the merit as the harvesting machine as described above. Objects such as miscellaneous objects are easily caught between the two, and when the objects are caught, the work is hindered. When removing this, it is a principle that the worker stops the conveyor, but the worker gives priority to work efficiency, but with the conveyor running, the hand and feet are pushed between the two conveyors and miscellaneous items. If you try to remove it, it is very dangerous and can lead to serious accidents.

  In particular, when the sprocket 323 and the pull-in roller 324 in FIG. 15 have a mechanism for forcibly rotating to remove the temple 401 and the like, the risk of an accident further increases if an operator puts a hand or foot into this part. .

  However, the harvester always requires manual work, and it may not be possible to directly cover the working part of the conveyor with the cover from the viewpoint of workability, action content (sorting, removal of miscellaneous goods), or from the structural point of view of the harvester. Is almost.

  Further, in the case of the emergency stop switch described in Patent Document 1, when the operator is in a hurry, it may not be immediately pressed.

  Then, in view of the said subject, this invention aims at providing the harvester which has a guard mechanism and improved the safety | security of an operator.

  In order to achieve the above object, a harvesting machine according to the present invention is a harvesting machine for harvesting a harvested product in a field, and a guard for guarding a plurality of conveyors for transporting the harvested products and an upper side surface between the plurality of conveyors. A guard member movably installed at a position and a non-guard position that is not guarded, a limit switch that can detect the position of the guard member, and a control unit that controls the conveyor, and the guard member is not a guard position In this case, the control unit stops the conveyor according to information from the limit switch.

Further, the harvesting machine of the present invention has a switch, and when the conveyor is stopped by the control of the control unit, when the guard member is at a guard position and the switch is turned on, the conveyor It is characterized by rotating.
Furthermore, the harvesting machine of the present invention is characterized in that the guard members are respectively installed on both upper side surfaces between the plurality of conveyors, and can be moved to a guard position and a non-guard position by rotating in a horizontal direction. To do.
Furthermore, the harvesting machine of the present invention is characterized in that the guard members are respectively installed on both upper side surfaces between the plurality of conveyors, and can be moved to a guard position and a non-guard position by rotating in the vertical direction. To do.
Furthermore, in the harvesting machine of the present invention, the guard member is integrally formed so as to guard the upper side surface and the front surface between the plurality of conveyors, and can be moved up and down to move to a guard position and a non-guard position. It is characterized by being.
Furthermore, the harvesting machine of the present invention includes a non-contact sensor, and the non-contact sensor includes a transmission unit and a reception unit that are respectively attached to the guard members on both side surfaces, and the transmission unit and the reception unit When an obstacle is detected in the meantime, the control unit stops the conveyor.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, an operator's safety | security can be improved in a harvester.

It is a principal part side view which shows the harvesting machine of Example 1. FIG. It is a principal part front view which shows the harvester of Example 1. FIG. It is a principal part top view which shows the harvester of Example 1. FIG. It is a principal part side surface sectional view which shows the harvesting machine of Example 1. FIG. It is a side surface enlarged view which shows a lock body. It is a system configuration figure showing one embodiment in the safety system of the harvester of the present invention. It is an example of the flowchart of the safety system of the harvester of this invention. It is a principal part side surface fragmentary sectional view which shows the harvester of Example 2. FIG. It is a principal part front view which shows the harvester of Example 3. FIG. It is a principal part top view which shows the harvester of Example 3. FIG. It is a principal part side view which shows the harvesting machine of Example 4. FIG. It is a principal part front view which shows the harvesting machine of Example 4. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the conventional harvesting machine. It is side explanatory drawing which shows the conventional harvesting machine. It is an enlarged view between the 1st and 2nd conveyor in the conventional harvesting machine. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the press bar, sprocket, and rubber crawler in the conventional harvesting machine.

  A mode for carrying out the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a side view of the main part of the harvesting machine according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a front view of main parts showing the harvesting machine of the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a plan view of an essential part showing the harvesting machine of the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of a main part of the harvesting machine according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is an enlarged side view showing the lock body 14. In the first embodiment, parts different from the conventional example of FIGS. 13 to 16 will be described, and the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  Guard members 10 and 10 ′ for guarding the side surfaces are installed on the upper portion between the first conveyor 302 and the second conveyor 303. The guard member 10 is installed to prevent people from entering between the first conveyor 302 and the second conveyor 303 or to make it difficult to put out hands and feet during normal harvesting operations. The guard members 10, 10 'are installed on both sides of the conveyor.

  Each of the guard members 10, 10 ′ is configured by an upper member 10a, 10a ′, a middle member 10b, 10b ′, a lower member 10c, 10c ′ extending in the traveling direction in a pipe-like (or rod-like) guard state, The front end portions 10d and 10d ′ and the rear fulcrum side members 10e and 10e ′ are connected. Further, the tip portions 10d and 10d 'are slightly inserted into the conveyor side. With such a configuration, a certain area can be guarded lightly and as a guard member.

  The attachment of the guard member 10 will be described. The guard member 10 is installed via the guard fulcrum 11 which is a rotation axis in the vertical direction, with the fixing plate 20 attached to the front side 310a of the operation unit 310 and the fulcrum 19 attached to the fulcrum side of the guard member 10. Yes. As a result, the guard member 10 rotates in the horizontal direction with respect to the guard fulcrum 11 on the tip end portion 10d side. On the other hand, the switch bar 12 is fixed to the fulcrum side member 10e. The switch bar 12 is installed inward at a right angle to the forward direction guarded by the guard member 10, and is attached to the lock body 14 installed on the fixing plate 20 at a position (guard position) where the guard member 10 guards. It is a configuration to be held. When the guard member 10 is rotated outward, the switch bar 12 is released from the lock body 14.

  The guard member 10 ′ is attached to the main body 333 of the harvesting machine 300, and the fixing frame 21 and the mounting plate 19 ′ attached to the fulcrum side of the guard member 10 ′ are rotatable in the horizontal direction via the guard fulcrum 11 ′. is set up. As a result, the guard member 10 ′ rotates in the horizontal direction with respect to the guard fulcrum 11 ′ on the tip end portion 10 d ′ side. On the other hand, the switch bar 12 'is fixed to the fulcrum side member 10e'. The switch bar 12 'is installed inward at a right angle to the forward direction guarded by the guard member 10', and is attached to the lock body 14 'installed on the fixed frame 21 at a position guarded by the guard member 10'. It is a configuration to be held. When the guard member 10 'is rotated outward, the switch bar 12' is released from the lock body 14 '.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the lock body 14 includes an arc-shaped holding portion 14 a that is recessed on both sides, an elastic acting portion 14 b, and a coupling portion 14 c. Due to the elastic action of the elastic action part 14b, the holding force of the holding part 14a works to hold the switch bar 12 having an arc shape. On the other hand, with respect to the force of the switch bar 12 exceeding a certain level, the holding portion 14a is opened, and the switch bar 12 can enter and exit the holding portion 14a. The lock body 14 'has the same configuration.

  With these configurations, when removing the miscellaneous matters accumulated between the first conveyer 302 and the second conveyer 303, the operator rotates either the left or right guard member 10, 10 ′ to the outside, and the non-guard position. It can only be moved after being moved to. Further, due to the holding force of the lock body 14, at the guard position of the guard member 10, 10 ', the guard member 10, 10' is prevented from rotating outward by vibration or weak force. Further, since the guard members 10, 10 'rotate in the horizontal direction, they can be moved with a light force.

  The limit switch 13 is disposed so as to be pressed by the switch bar 12 at a position where the guard member 10 guards. In FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, it arrange | positions so that it may be pushed by the front end side of the switch bar 12. FIG. In other words, when the lock body 14 holds the switch bar 12, the limit switch 13 is pushed at the tip of the lock body 14. The guard member 10 'side (limit switch not shown) has the same configuration.

  The panel switch 15 is provided in the operation unit 310 at a position away from between the conveyors 302 and 303, and the conveyor is rotated and stopped by pressing the panel switch 15. Detailed control will be described later. An example of the panel switch 15 is a momentary type switch.

  FIG. 6 is a system configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the harvesting machine safety system of the present invention. The operation of the first conveyor 302 and the second conveyor 303 is controlled by the control unit 16 by the panel switch 15 and the limit switch 13 as follows. The control unit 16 includes electronic devices necessary for performing the following control, and is installed in a suitable place such as the operation unit 310.

  FIG. 7 is an example of a flowchart of the safety system of the harvester of the present invention. First, when the conveyors 302 and 303 are stopped (S101), it is determined whether the panel switch 15 is ON or OFF (S102). If it is OFF, the conveyors 302 and 303 are stopped as they are (S101). On the other hand, if the panel switch 15 is turned on (or if an ON signal is input), it is determined whether the limit switch 13 is on or off (S103). If the limit switch 13 is OFF, the conveyors 302 and 303 are stopped as they are (S101). On the other hand, if the limit switch 13 is ON, the conveyors 302 and 303 are rotated (operated) (S104).

  When the conveyors 302 and 303 are rotating (S104), it is determined whether the limit switch 13 is ON or OFF (S105). If the limit switch 13 is OFF, the conveyors 302 and 303 stop (S101). On the other hand, if the limit switch 13 is ON, the conveyor remains rotated (S106). When the conveyors 302 and 303 are rotating (S106) and the panel switch 15 is turned off (or an OFF signal is input), the conveyors 302 and 303 are stopped (S108).

  As described above, when the conveyors 302 and 303 are rotating, the conveyor stops if either the limit switch 13 or the panel switch 15 is turned OFF. Therefore, if one of the left and right guard members 10, 10 ′ is moved from the guard position, the limit switch 13 is turned OFF, the first conveyor 302 and the second conveyor 303 are stopped, and the operator can be safe. .

  On the other hand, when the conveyors 302 and 303 are stopped, the conveyors 302 and 303 do not rotate by simply returning the left and right guard members 10 and 10 'to the guard position and turning on the limit switch 13. After returning the left and right guard members 10, 10 ′ to the guard position, the operator once goes away from between the first conveyor 302 and the second conveyor 303 by, for example, going up to step 311 and pressing the operation unit 310 panel switch 15. When pushed, the conveyors 302 and 303 rotate. As a result, it is possible to prevent the conveyor from rotating unexpectedly and lead to an accident, such as returning the guard members 10 and 10 ′ in a state where there is a person between the conveyors 302 and 303, thereby further improving safety. .

  FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a main part of the harvesting machine according to the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, parts different from the first embodiment will be described, and the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  In the second embodiment, the difference from the first embodiment is that the guard fulcrum 17 has a rotation axis set in the horizontal and horizontal directions, and the guard member 10 rotates in the vertical direction. The mounting plate 22 is joined to the upper member 10a on the fulcrum side member 10e, and the guard member 10 (on the distal end portion 10d side) is moved up and down through the guard fulcrum 17 between the mounting plate 22 and the fixed plate 23 attached to the operation unit 310. It can be rotated in the direction. The lock body 14 is installed at a position that holds the fulcrum side member 10e when the guard member 10 is lowered to the guard position. The limit switch 13 is turned on when the guard position is reached.

  When an operator tries to remove the miscellaneous matter between the first conveyor 302 and the second conveyor 303, the worker rotates the guard member 10 upward. Further, the same configuration can be applied to the guard member 10 'on the opposite side. In the second embodiment, since the guard members 10 and 10 'are rotated in the upward direction, it is not necessary to secure a space for protruding outward as in the case where the guard members 10 and 10' rotate in the horizontal direction.

  FIG. 9 is a front view of an essential part showing the harvesting machine of the third embodiment. FIG. 10 is a plan view of a principal part showing the harvesting machine of the third embodiment. In the third embodiment, parts different from the second embodiment will be described, and the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  The third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the guard member 30 is integrated with the tip (front surface). That is, the guard member 30 has a U-shape when viewed from above. Further, it can be constituted by a plurality of pipe-like (or rod-like) members in the height direction. As a result, the switch bar 12, the limit switch 13, and the lock body 14 may be either one on the left or right, and have the advantage of guarding the front rather than the side. When an operator tries to remove the miscellaneous matter between the first conveyor 302 and the second conveyor 303, the worker rotates the guard member 30 upward.

  FIG. 11 is a side view of an essential part showing the harvesting machine of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 12 is a front view of main parts showing the harvesting machine of the fourth embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, parts different from the first embodiment will be described, and the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  The fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a non-contact sensor 41 is further provided. The non-contact sensor 41 includes a transmission unit 41a and a reception unit 41b, and acts when an obstacle such as a person is detected on the detection line 42 therebetween. Specifically, each of the guard members 10 and 10 ′ is provided with a transmitter 41 a and a receiver 41 b, and a sensing line 42 passes between them. In the figure, a transmitter 41a and a receiver 41b are provided near the front on the lower members 10c and 10c '. A specific example of the non-contact sensor 41 is a photoelectric sensor.

  The non-contact sensor 41 is connected to the control unit 16. If the non-contact sensor 41 detects an obstacle such as a person during the rotation of the conveyors 302 and 303, the conveyors 302 and 303 stop even if the limit switch 13 is ON and the panel switch 15 is ON. While the conveyors 302 and 303 are stopped, the non-contact sensor 41 is not detecting an obstacle such as a person, the guard members 10 and 10 'are in the guard position (the limit switch 13 is ON), and the panel switch The conveyor will not rotate unless 15 is turned ON. In this way, by providing the non-contact sensor 41 in addition to the limit switch 13, when the guard members 10, 10 'are at the guard position, between the guard members 10, 10', that is, the first conveyor 302 and the second conveyor. It is possible to detect the entry of a person or the like from the upper front surface between 303 and further improve safety.

10, 10 ', 30 Guard members 11, 11', 17, 17 'Guard fulcrum 12 Switch bar 13 Limit switch 14 Lock body 15 Panel switch 16 Control unit 41 Non-contact sensor 42 Sensing line 300 Harvester 302 First conveyor 303 First 2 conveyor 304 1st selection conveyor 305 2nd selection conveyor 310 Operation part 323 Sprocket 324 Pull-in roller 331 1st conveyor part

Claims (6)

In the harvester that harvests the crops in the field,
A plurality of conveyors for transporting harvested products, a guard member that can be moved to a guard position that guards the upper side surface between the plurality of conveyors, and a non-guard position that is not guarded, and the position of the guard member can be detected A limit switch and a control unit for controlling the conveyor,
When the guard member is not in the guard position, the control unit stops the conveyor based on information from the limit switch. The harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein
When the conveyor is stopped by the control of the control unit, when the guard member is in a guard position and the switch is turned on, the conveyor is rotated. Harvester. The harvesting machine according to claim 1 or claim 2,
The harvesting machine, wherein the guard members are respectively installed on both upper side surfaces between the plurality of conveyors, and can be moved horizontally to a guard position and a non-guard position. The harvesting machine according to claim 1 or claim 2,
The harvesting machine, wherein the guard members are respectively installed on both upper side surfaces between the plurality of conveyors, and can be moved to a guard position and a non-guard position by rotating in the vertical direction. The harvesting machine according to claim 1 or claim 2,
The guard member is integrally formed to guard the upper side surface and the front surface between the plurality of conveyors, and is pivotable in the vertical direction and can be moved to a guard position and a non-guard position. Machine. The harvesting machine according to claim 3,
A non-contact sensor, wherein the non-contact sensor has a transmitter and a receiver attached to the guard members on both side surfaces, and an obstacle is detected between the transmitter and the receiver The harvester is characterized in that the control unit stops the conveyor.

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