JP2010236328A - Hanging scaffold - Google Patents

Hanging scaffold Download PDF

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JP2010236328A
JP2010236328A JP2009088134A JP2009088134A JP2010236328A JP 2010236328 A JP2010236328 A JP 2010236328A JP 2009088134 A JP2009088134 A JP 2009088134A JP 2009088134 A JP2009088134 A JP 2009088134A JP 2010236328 A JP2010236328 A JP 2010236328A
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Prior art keywords
shaft
scaffold
work
plate
floor
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Fumiaki Yamashita
文章 山下
Yutaka Kai
豊 甲斐
Shinya Shingu
信也 新宮
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Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd
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Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2009088134A priority Critical patent/JP2010236328A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a fall accident of a worker riding on a scaffold and the disabling of the ascent/descent of the scaffold, on ground that the fall accident of the worker riding on the scaffold and the disabling of the ascent/descent of the scaffold are sometimes caused because a top plate body and a bottom plate body are tilted due to a collision with a protrusion on the pit wall in the vertical pile, in the case where the conventional scaffold formed of a circular plate having the top plate body and the bottom plate body, corresponding to the circular cross-section dimensions of a vertical shaft, ascends/descends in the vertical shaft. <P>SOLUTION: This scaffold ascendable/descendable in the vertical shaft is characterized in that a lower portion in a front position during descent into the vertical shaft and an upper portion in a front position during ascent from inside the vertical shaft are formed in a tapered shape. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、吊り足場に乗った作業者の墜落事故や、吊り足場が昇降不能になってしまうことを防止可能な吊り足場に関する。   The present invention relates to a suspension scaffold capable of preventing a crash accident of an operator riding on a suspension scaffold and the suspension scaffold from being unable to be lifted and lowered.

石灰石鉱山では、鉱山の採掘場(切羽)から破砕搬送設備が設置された坑内まで延長する立坑を形成し、鉱山で採掘した石灰石を当該立坑に投入することで、立坑を貯蔵ビン(サイロ)として利用しながら運搬車による山上から地上までの石灰石の搬送作業を不要とできるようにしている。
ところで、立坑内を昇降可能な吊り足場(以下、スカフォードという)が知られている(例えば、特許文献1等参照)。
In the limestone mine, a shaft extending from the mine mining site (face) to the inside of the pit where the crushing and transporting equipment is installed is formed, and the limestone mined in the mine is put into the shaft, so that the shaft is used as a storage bin (silo). While being used, the transporting work of limestone from the top of the mountain to the ground by a transport vehicle can be made unnecessary.
By the way, a suspension scaffold (hereinafter referred to as “scafford”) capable of moving up and down in a shaft is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

特開平7−269270号公報JP-A-7-269270

特許文献1のスカフォードは、天板体と底板体とが立坑の断面円形寸法に対応した円板により形成されたので、スカフォードが立坑内を昇降する場合に、天板体や底板体が立坑内の坑壁の出っ張りに衝突して傾いてしまうので、スカフォードに乗った作業者の墜落事故を招いたり、スカフォードが昇降できなくなるといった問題点があった。
本発明は、上記問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、スカフォードに乗った作業者の墜落事故や、スカフォードが昇降不能になってしまうことを防止できるようにする。
In the scaffold of Patent Document 1, since the top plate and the bottom plate are formed of disks corresponding to the circular cross-sectional dimensions of the shaft, when the scaffold moves up and down in the shaft, the top plate and the bottom plate are Since it collides with the bulge of the pit wall in the shaft and tilts, there is a problem that an operator who rides on the scaffolding crashes and the scaffolding cannot move up and down.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and makes it possible to prevent a crash accident of an operator who rides on the scaffold and that the scaffold cannot be lifted or lowered.

本発明によれば、立坑内を昇降可能なスカフォードであって、立坑内に降りる際に先頭となる下部と立坑内から昇る際に先頭となる上部とが先細形状に形成されたので、立坑内の坑壁に出っ張りがあって、当該出っ張りに先細形状部分が衝突した場合でも、先細形状部分の傾斜面がガイドとなってスカフォードが横方向に移動するので、スカフォードが坑壁の出っ張りに衝突して傾いてしまうことを防止でき、作業者の墜落事故やスカフォードが昇降できなくなるようなことを防止できる。
上部に屋根床部を備え、屋根床部は、床体と、床体の上に設けられた衝撃緩和層と、衝撃緩和層の上に設けられた保護層とにより構成されたので、衝撃緩和層と保護層とで落石の衝撃を吸収できて落石が床体を貫通してしまうことを防止できるとともに、スカフォードの重量を軽くできて、立坑内を昇降可能にスカフォードを吊り下げる昇降手段の仕様を小さくできる。
衝撃緩和層は、立坑内の坑壁からの落石による衝撃力を緩和して圧縮力に対抗できる材料としての発泡スチロール板により形成され、保護層は、落石が発泡スチロール板を貫通しないように発泡スチロール板を保護できる材料としての芯材入りゴム板により形成されたので、上記効果を確実に得ることができる。
According to the present invention, the scaffold is capable of moving up and down in the vertical shaft, and the lower portion that becomes the top when descending into the vertical shaft and the upper portion that becomes the top when rising from within the vertical shaft are formed in a tapered shape. Even if there is a bulge on the inner pit wall and the tapered part collides with the ridge, the inclined surface of the tapered part acts as a guide and the scaffold moves laterally. It is possible to prevent the vehicle from colliding with and tilting and preventing the operator from crashing and the scaffolding from being able to move up and down.
A roof floor is provided at the top, and the roof floor is composed of a floor, an impact mitigation layer provided on the floor, and a protective layer provided on the impact mitigation layer. Elevating means that can absorb the impact of falling rocks by the layer and the protective layer and prevent the falling rocks from penetrating the floor, reduce the weight of the scaffold, and lift the scaffold so that it can be raised and lowered in the shaft The specifications can be reduced.
The impact mitigation layer is formed of a foamed polystyrene plate as a material that can counteract the compressive force by mitigating the impact force caused by falling rocks from the wall of the shaft, and the protective layer is made of foamed polystyrene plate so that the fallen stones do not penetrate the foamed polystyrene plate. Since it is formed of a cored rubber plate as a material that can be protected, the above-described effects can be obtained with certainty.

スカフォードの縦断面図。FIG. (a)はスカフォードの平面図、(b)はスカフォードの正面図、(c)はスカフォードの底面図。(A) is a plan view of the scaffold, (b) is a front view of the scaffold, and (c) is a bottom view of the scaffold. (a)は板状体を作業床の外周部より立ち上がる柵として機能させている状態のスカフォードを示す斜視図、(b)は起立状態維持手段の詳細を示す図。(A) is a perspective view which shows the scaffold of the state which is functioning as a fence which stands up from the outer peripheral part of a work floor, (b) is a figure which shows the detail of a standing state maintenance means. 板状体を作業床の外周部より外側に延長する足場や屋根として機能させている状態のスカフォードを示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the scaffold of the state which is functioning as a scaffold and roof which extend a plate-shaped body outside from the outer peripheral part of a work floor. 補助板による補助の足場や屋根を形成する手順を示す図。The figure which shows the procedure which forms the auxiliary scaffold and roof with an auxiliary board. 立坑を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows a shaft. 先行立坑を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows a preceding shaft. 拡幅作業中の先行立坑を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the preceding vertical shaft during widening work. 立坑形成方法の手順を示す図。The figure which shows the procedure of a shaft formation method. 立坑形成方法の手順を示す図。The figure which shows the procedure of a shaft formation method. 立坑を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows a shaft. 既存立坑を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the existing shaft. 拡幅作業中の既存立坑を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the existing shaft under widening work. 立坑形成方法の手順を示す図。The figure which shows the procedure of a shaft formation method.

図1乃至図5に基いてスカフォード31の構成について説明する。
図3に示すように、スカフォード31は、作業床51と、複合機能構成体52と、起立状態維持手段53と、張り出し状態維持手段54と、屋根部55と、脚部56とを備える。
The structure of the scaffold 31 will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 3, the scaffold 31 includes a work floor 51, a composite functional structure 52, a standing state maintaining unit 53, an overhanging state maintaining unit 54, a roof portion 55, and a leg portion 56.

作業床51は、床下地部61と、床下地部61の上に形成された作業床面62とを備える。床下地部61は、例えば、形鋼を組み合わせて形成される。作業床面62は、例えば、床下地部61の上に敷設された鉄板によって円形の床面に形成される。   The work floor 51 includes a floor base 61 and a work floor 62 formed on the floor base 61. The floor foundation 61 is formed by combining, for example, shape steel. The work floor surface 62 is formed into a circular floor surface by an iron plate laid on the floor base 61, for example.

複合機能構成体52は、作業床51の外周部66に沿って作業床51を囲むように設けられた複数の板状体67により構成される。ここで、作業床51の外周部66とは、例えば、作業床51の外周に近い作業床面62上や作業床51の外周面である。板状体67は、例えば、鋼製の四角枠体68と鋼製の四角網体69とに構成される。板状体67は、四角枠体68の内側貫通孔を塞ぐように四角網体69の四辺部と四角枠体68の四辺部とが溶接などにより接合されて形成される。
複合機能構成体52を構成する各板状体67が柵として機能した場合に下端縁70となる四角枠体68の一辺部70Aは、例えば、円形の作業床面62の円に外接又は内接する正多角形の一辺に相当する位置に設置される。
The composite function structure 52 is configured by a plurality of plate-like bodies 67 provided so as to surround the work floor 51 along the outer peripheral portion 66 of the work floor 51. Here, the outer peripheral portion 66 of the work floor 51 is, for example, the work floor surface 62 close to the outer periphery of the work floor 51 or the outer peripheral surface of the work floor 51. The plate-like body 67 is composed of, for example, a steel square frame body 68 and a steel square mesh body 69. The plate-like body 67 is formed by joining the four sides of the square mesh body 69 and the four sides of the square frame body 68 by welding or the like so as to close the inner through hole of the square frame body 68.
One side portion 70A of the square frame 68 serving as the lower edge 70 when each plate-like body 67 constituting the composite functional structure 52 functions as a fence circumscribes or inscribes a circle of the circular work floor 62, for example. It is installed at a position corresponding to one side of a regular polygon.

板状体67は、作業床51の外周66tより外側に延長する張り出し状態と、スカフォード31の中心線Cと直交する作業床面62に対して起立する起立状態とに設定可能なように、板状体67の下端縁70となる四角枠体68の一辺部70Aと作業床51の外周部66とがヒンジ71により連結される。
即ち、板状体67は、板状体67の板面としての網面76が、例えば作業床面62と垂直な面となるように起こされた起立状態と、作業床面62と同一平面となるように倒されて作業床51の外周66tより外側に延長する張り出し状態とになるように、ヒンジ71を回転中心として回転可能に構成される。
そして、板状体67は、起立維持手段53により起立状態に維持されることによって柵として機能したり、張り出し状態維持手段54により張り出し状態に維持されることによって足場や屋根として機能する。
The plate-like body 67 can be set to an overhanging state that extends outward from the outer periphery 66t of the work floor 51 and an upright state that stands up with respect to the work floor surface 62 that is orthogonal to the center line C of the scaffold 31. One side 70 </ b> A of the rectangular frame 68 serving as the lower end edge 70 of the plate-like body 67 and the outer peripheral portion 66 of the work floor 51 are connected by a hinge 71.
That is, the plate-like body 67 is in a standing state where the net surface 76 as a plate surface of the plate-like body 67 is raised so as to be a plane perpendicular to the work floor surface 62 and the same plane as the work floor surface 62. The hinge 71 is configured to be rotatable about the rotation center so as to be in a projecting state extending outward from the outer periphery 66t of the work floor 51.
The plate-like body 67 functions as a fence by being maintained in an upright state by the upright maintaining means 53, or functions as a scaffold or a roof by being maintained in an overhanging state by the overhanging state maintaining means 54.

板状体67を作業床51の外周66tより外側に延長する足場として機能させることで、後述する先行立坑1Xや既存立坑1Aなどの基準立坑内の坑壁1uに対する作業を容易に行えるようになる。
板状体67を作業床面62に対して起立する柵として機能させることで、スカフォード31からの墜落事故を防止できるようになる。
板状体67を作業床51の外周66tより外側に延長する屋根として機能させることで、坑壁1uから崩れた岩などが坑底1eへ落下するのを防止できる。
By functioning the plate-like body 67 as a scaffold extending outside the outer periphery 66t of the work floor 51, it becomes possible to easily perform work on the well wall 1u in the reference shaft such as the preceding shaft 1X and the existing shaft 1A described later. .
By causing the plate-like body 67 to function as a fence that stands up with respect to the work floor surface 62, a crash accident from the scaffold 31 can be prevented.
By causing the plate-like body 67 to function as a roof extending outwardly from the outer periphery 66t of the work floor 51, it is possible to prevent rocks collapsed from the well wall 1u from falling to the well bottom 1e.

図3に示すように、起立状態維持手段53は、例えば、作業床51の外周部66より立ち上がって隣り合う板状体67;67同士を連結することによって隣り合う板状体67;67を作業床51の外周部66より立ち上がった状態の柵として維持する連結手段により形成される。連結手段は、作業床51の外周部66より立ち上がった状態の互いに隣り合う板状体67;67同士を連結する機能を備えた手段であればよい。例えば、図3(b)に示すように、起立状態維持手段53としての連結手段は、互いに隣り合う板状体67;67のそれぞれに設けられたフランジ72d;72dに形成されたボルト締結孔、ボルト挿入孔、棒体嵌合孔、鍵挿入孔等のような係止孔72a;72aと、各係止孔72a;72aを貫通して互いに隣り合う板状体67;67を作業床51の外周部66より立ち上がった状態で連結するボルト、ボルトナット、連結棒、鍵などのような連結体72bとにより構成される。
板状体67の板面としての網面76が作業床面62と直交する状態となるまで板状体67をヒンジ71を介して回転させ、互いに隣り合う板状体67;67同士を起立状態維持手段53としての連結手段で連結することで、板状体67を柵に設定できる。各板状体67毎に個別に設けられる。
つまり、起立状態維持手段53は、板状体67の網面76を作業床面62に対して垂直に維持する。
尚、板状体67の網面76が作業床51の作業床面62に対して垂直とならないように維持する起立状態維持手段53としてもよい。例えば、板状体67の網面76をスカフォード31の中心線C方向に傾斜する面に維持する起立状態維持手段53としてもよいし、あるいは、板状体67の網面76をスカフォード31の中心線Cから離れる方向に傾斜する面に維持する起立状態維持手段53としてもよい。
As shown in FIG. 3, the standing state maintaining means 53 works by working the adjacent plate-like bodies 67; 67 by connecting the adjacent plate-like bodies 67; 67 rising from the outer peripheral portion 66 of the work floor 51, for example. It is formed by connecting means that is maintained as a fence standing up from the outer peripheral portion 66 of the floor 51. The connecting means may be any means having a function of connecting the adjacent plate-like bodies 67; 67 in a state of rising from the outer peripheral portion 66 of the work floor 51. For example, as shown in FIG. 3B, the connecting means as the standing state maintaining means 53 includes a bolt fastening hole formed in a flange 72d; 72d provided in each of the plate-like bodies 67; 67 adjacent to each other, Locking holes 72a; 72a such as bolt insertion holes, rod body fitting holes, key insertion holes, etc., and plate-like bodies 67; 67 passing through the respective locking holes 72a; It is comprised with the connection body 72b like a volt | bolt, a bolt nut, a connection rod, a key, etc. connected in the state which stood | started up from the outer peripheral part 66. FIG.
The plate-like body 67 is rotated through the hinge 71 until the net surface 76 as the plate surface of the plate-like body 67 is orthogonal to the work floor surface 62, and the adjacent plate-like bodies 67; By connecting with the connecting means as the maintaining means 53, the plate-like body 67 can be set as a fence. Each plate 67 is provided individually.
That is, the standing state maintaining means 53 maintains the net surface 76 of the plate-like body 67 perpendicular to the work floor surface 62.
In addition, it is good also as the standing state maintenance means 53 which maintains so that the net surface 76 of the plate-shaped body 67 may not become perpendicular | vertical with respect to the work floor surface 62 of the work floor 51. FIG. For example, the standing surface maintaining means 53 that maintains the mesh surface 76 of the plate-like body 67 in a plane inclined in the direction of the center line C of the scaffold 31 may be used, or the mesh surface 76 of the plate-like body 67 may be the scaffold 31. It is good also as the standing state maintenance means 53 maintained on the surface which inclines in the direction away from the centerline C.

図4に示すように、張り出し状態維持手段54は、例えば、板状体67を作業床51の外周66tより外側に延長させて板状体67の板面としての網面76が作業床51の作業床面62と延長する面を形成するように板状体67を支持する支持手段により形成される。支持手段は、例えば、屋根部55から板状体67を吊るす吊り手段により形成される。張り出し状態維持手段54としての吊り手段は、例えば、一端が屋根部55の後述する屋根床85に固定され、他端が板状体67の上端縁77となる四角枠体68の他の一辺部77Aに固定された鎖やロープのような吊り部材75Aにより形成される。吊り部材75Aは、例えば、吊り部材75Aにより吊られた板状体67の網面76が作業床51の作業床面62と同一平面上に位置された場合に直線状態に張る長さに調整される。
互いに隣り合う板状体67;67同士の連結手段での連結を解除し、板状体67の網面76が作業床面62と同一平面上に位置される状態となるまで板状体67をヒンジ71を介して回転させることで張り出し状態維持手段54としての吊り部材75Aが突っ張った状態となり、この突っ張った状態の吊り部材75Aが板状体67を吊った状態に支持することで、板状体67を足場や屋根に設定できる。張り出し状態維持手段54は、各板状体67毎に個別に設けられる。
つまり、張り出し状態維持手段54は、板状体67を作業床51の外周66tより外側に延長させ、板状体67の網面76が作業床51の作業床面62と同一平面上に位置されるように維持する。
尚、板状体67の網面76が作業床51の作業床面62に対して同一平面とならないように維持する張り出し状態維持手段54としてもよい。例えば、板状体67の網面76を作業床面62より若干上方に傾斜する面に維持する張り出し状態維持手段54としてもよい。
As shown in FIG. 4, for example, the overhanging state maintaining means 54 extends the plate-like body 67 outward from the outer periphery 66 t of the work floor 51, and the net surface 76 as the plate surface of the plate-like body 67 has the work floor 51. It is formed by a supporting means for supporting the plate-like body 67 so as to form a work floor surface 62 and an extended surface. The support means is formed by, for example, a suspension means that suspends the plate-like body 67 from the roof portion 55. The hanging means as the overhanging state maintaining means 54 is, for example, the other side portion of the square frame body 68 in which one end is fixed to a roof floor 85 to be described later of the roof portion 55 and the other end is the upper edge 77 of the plate-like body 67. It is formed by a suspension member 75A such as a chain or rope fixed to 77A. For example, the suspension member 75A is adjusted to a length that stretches linearly when the mesh surface 76 of the plate-like body 67 suspended by the suspension member 75A is positioned on the same plane as the work floor surface 62 of the work floor 51. The
The connection between the adjacent plate-like bodies 67; 67 by the connecting means is released, and the plate-like body 67 is moved until the net surface 76 of the plate-like body 67 is located on the same plane as the work floor surface 62. The suspension member 75A as the overhanging state maintaining means 54 is stretched by being rotated through the hinge 71, and the suspended member 75A in the stretched state supports the plate-shaped body 67 in a suspended state. The body 67 can be set as a scaffold or a roof. The overhanging state maintaining means 54 is individually provided for each plate-like body 67.
That is, the overhanging state maintaining means 54 extends the plate-like body 67 outside the outer periphery 66 t of the work floor 51, and the net surface 76 of the plate-like body 67 is positioned on the same plane as the work floor surface 62 of the work floor 51. To maintain.
In addition, it is good also as the overhang | projection state maintenance means 54 which maintains so that the net surface 76 of the plate-shaped body 67 may not become the same plane with respect to the work floor surface 62 of the work floor 51. FIG. For example, the overhanging state maintaining means 54 that maintains the mesh surface 76 of the plate-like body 67 on a surface slightly inclined upward from the work floor surface 62 may be used.

図5に示すように、各板状体67は、作業床51の外周66tより外側に延長する状態に維持された互いに隣り合う板状体67と板状体67との間の隙間78に補助の足場や屋根を形成するための補助板80を備える。
隙間78は、互いに隣り合う板状体67;67が作業床51の外周部66より外側に延長する状態に維持された場合に、四角枠体68の一辺部70A;70Aの互いに対向する端部間の距離が狭く四角枠体68の他の一辺部77A;77Aの互いに対向する端部間の距離が大きい三角形状である。
従って、補助板80は、上記隙間78の半分に対応する三角形状に形成され、互いに隣り合う板状体67;67の互いに隣り合う側縁81;81にヒンジ82を介して180°回転可能に設けられる。即ち、補助板80は、図5(a)に示すような、板状体67の網面76と平行に対向する状態と、図5(b)に示すような、板状体67の網面76と同一平面上に位置される状態とに設定可能なように、ヒンジ82を介して180°回転可能に設けられる。
従って、互いに隣り合う板状体67;67が作業床51の外周部66より外側に延長する状態に維持された後に、互いに隣り合う板状体67;67の補助板80;80を各々180°回転させてこれら2つの補助板80;80で隙間78を半分ずつ塞ぐようにすることで、隙間78に足場や屋根を形成できる。
As shown in FIG. 5, each plate-like body 67 is assisted by a gap 78 between the plate-like body 67 and the plate-like body 67 adjacent to each other, which is maintained outside the outer periphery 66 t of the work floor 51. Auxiliary plate 80 for forming a scaffold and a roof is provided.
The gap 78 is formed such that when the plate-like bodies 67; 67 adjacent to each other are maintained outside the outer peripheral portion 66 of the work floor 51, one end portion 70A; The distance between them is narrow, and the other side 77A of the rectangular frame 68; the distance between the opposing ends of 77A is a triangular shape.
Accordingly, the auxiliary plate 80 is formed in a triangular shape corresponding to half of the gap 78 and can be rotated 180 ° to the side edges 81; 81 of the plate-like bodies 67; 67 adjacent to each other via the hinge 82. Provided. That is, the auxiliary plate 80 is in a state of facing the parallel to the mesh surface 76 of the plate-like body 67 as shown in FIG. 5A and the mesh surface of the plate-like body 67 as shown in FIG. It is provided so as to be capable of being rotated by 180 ° via a hinge 82 so that it can be set to be in the same plane as 76.
Therefore, after the plate-like bodies 67; 67 adjacent to each other are maintained outside the outer peripheral portion 66 of the work floor 51, the auxiliary plates 80; 80 of the plate-like bodies 67; By rotating and closing the gap 78 by half with these two auxiliary plates 80; 80, a scaffold or a roof can be formed in the gap 78.

図1;図2に示すように、屋根部55は、動滑車42などの機材を設置するために作業床51の上方に設けられた屋根床部85と、屋根床部85の外周部86より立ち上がるように設けられて屋根床部85を取り囲む屋根柵87とを備える。ここで、屋根床部85の外周部86とは、例えば、屋根床部85の外周面86Aに近い鉄板床面85A上や屋根床部85の外周面86Aである。   As shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 2, the roof portion 55 includes a roof floor portion 85 provided above the work floor 51 for installing equipment such as the movable pulley 42 and an outer peripheral portion 86 of the roof floor portion 85. And a roof fence 87 that is provided so as to stand up and surround the roof floor portion 85. Here, the outer peripheral portion 86 of the roof floor portion 85 is, for example, the iron plate floor surface 85A close to the outer peripheral surface 86A of the roof floor portion 85 or the outer peripheral surface 86A of the roof floor portion 85.

屋根床部85は、床体としての鉄板床100と、鉄板床100の上に設けられた衝撃緩和層110と、衝撃緩和層110の上に設けられた保護層120とにより構成される。
衝撃緩和層110は、落石による衝撃力を緩和して圧縮力に対抗できる材料を用いて形成する。形態1では、衝撃緩和層110は、発泡スチロール板により形成した。発泡スチロール板の上下方向の厚さは、600mmのものを用いた。
保護層120は、落石が発泡スチロール板を貫通しないように発泡スチロール板を保護できる材料を用いて形成する。形態1では、保護層120は、コンベヤベルトのような芯材入りゴム板により形成した。
The roof floor portion 85 includes an iron plate floor 100 as a floor body, an impact relaxation layer 110 provided on the iron plate floor 100, and a protective layer 120 provided on the impact relaxation layer 110.
The impact relaxation layer 110 is formed using a material that can relieve the impact force caused by falling rocks and resist the compression force. In Form 1, the impact relaxation layer 110 was formed of a foamed polystyrene plate. The thickness of the expanded polystyrene board used in the vertical direction was 600 mm.
The protective layer 120 is formed using a material that can protect the foamed polystyrene plate so that falling rocks do not penetrate the foamed polystyrene plate. In Form 1, the protective layer 120 is formed of a rubber plate with a core material such as a conveyor belt.

例えば、立坑の深さが400m以上の場合に、拳大の石が落下してスカフォード31の鉄板床100に衝突した場合、鉄板床100には100tfを超える力が生じるため、石が鉄板床100を貫通してしまう可能性があった。この場合、鉄板床100の鉄板の厚さを厚くすることも考えられるが、鉄板床100の鉄板の厚さを厚くすると、重量が過大となり、スカフォード31を吊るための巻上機34やロープ33の径などを過大な仕様としなければならかった。しかしながら、形態1によれば、鉄板床100の上に衝撃緩和層110と保護層120とを設けたので、衝撃緩和層110と保護層120とで落石の衝撃を吸収できて落石が鉄板床100を貫通してしまうことを防止できるとともに、スカフォード31の重量を軽くできて、立坑内を昇降可能にスカフォード31を吊り下げる昇降手段としての巻上機34やロープ33の径などの仕様を小さくできる。   For example, when the depth of a shaft is 400 m or more and a fist-sized stone falls and collides with the iron plate floor 100 of the scaffold 31, a force exceeding 100 tf is generated on the iron plate floor 100. 100 could penetrate. In this case, it is conceivable to increase the thickness of the iron plate of the iron plate floor 100, but if the thickness of the iron plate of the iron plate floor 100 is increased, the weight becomes excessive, and the hoisting machine 34 or rope for hanging the scaffold 31 The diameter of 33 had to be an excessive specification. However, according to the first aspect, since the impact relaxation layer 110 and the protective layer 120 are provided on the iron plate floor 100, the shock relaxation layer 110 and the protective layer 120 can absorb the impact of falling rocks, and the falling rocks fall on the iron plate floor 100. The diameter of the hoisting machine 34 and the diameter of the rope 33 as lifting means for suspending the scaffold 31 so that the weight of the scaffold 31 can be reduced and the scaffold can be raised and lowered can be reduced. Can be small.

屋根柵87は、複数の外側柵支柱87aと、複数の内側柵支柱87bと、横連結棒87cと、横連結棒87dとにより形成される。
複数の外側柵支柱87aは、外周部86に沿って所定間隔ごとに設けられる。外側柵支柱87aは、外周部86より立ち上がって上部側がスカフォード31の中心線Cの方向に近付くように傾斜して設けられる。互いに隣り合う外側柵支柱87a同士が、横連結棒87cによって連結される。
複数の内側柵支柱87bは、外周部86に沿って所定間隔ごとに設けられる。内側柵支柱87bは、外側柵支柱87aの内側に位置する鉄板床面85Aより外側柵支柱87aの上端を超えて上方に延長するように設けられる。互いに隣り合う内側柵支柱87b同士が、横連結棒87dによって連結される。
屋根床部85と作業床51とが複数本の支柱88により連結されたことで、作業床51の上方に屋根床部85が設けられる。
尚、内側柵支柱87bを外側柵支柱87aの上端より垂直方向に延長するように設けてもよい。
The roof fence 87 is formed by a plurality of outer fence posts 87a, a plurality of inner fence posts 87b, a horizontal connecting rod 87c, and a horizontal connecting rod 87d.
The plurality of outer fence columns 87 a are provided at predetermined intervals along the outer peripheral portion 86. The outer fence column 87a is provided so as to be inclined from the outer peripheral portion 86 so that the upper side approaches the direction of the center line C of the scaffold 31. Adjacent outer fence columns 87a are connected by a horizontal connecting rod 87c.
The plurality of inner fence posts 87 b are provided at predetermined intervals along the outer peripheral portion 86. The inner fence post 87b is provided so as to extend upward beyond the upper end of the outer fence post 87a from the iron plate floor surface 85A located inside the outer fence post 87a. Adjacent inner fence columns 87b are connected by a horizontal connecting rod 87d.
The roof floor portion 85 and the work floor 51 are connected by a plurality of support columns 88, whereby the roof floor portion 85 is provided above the work floor 51.
In addition, you may provide the inner fence support | pillar 87b so that it may extend in a perpendicular direction from the upper end of the outer fence support | pillar 87a.

図1;2に示すように、脚部56は、作業床51の外周66t又は作業床51の外周側下面より下方に突出するように設けられた複数本の脚89と、下面91が作業床面62と平行面となるように横方向に延長するように設けられて脚89に固定された載置脚92とを備える。この載置脚92を図外の設置面に載せることでスカフォード31の自重が複数本の脚89にかからないようにでき、脚89の損傷を防止できる。複数の脚89は、作業床51の外周66tに沿って所定間隔ごとに設けられる。脚89は、作業床51の外周66t側より立ち上がって下部側がスカフォード31の中心線Cの方向に近付くように傾斜して設けられる。
内側柵支柱87b、外側柵支柱87a、支柱88、脚89、載置脚92は、例えば、形鋼を用いて形成される。
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the leg portion 56 includes a plurality of legs 89 provided so as to protrude downward from the outer periphery 66 t of the work floor 51 or the lower surface on the outer periphery side of the work floor 51, and the lower surface 91 includes a work floor. The mounting leg 92 is provided to extend in the lateral direction so as to be parallel to the surface 62 and is fixed to the leg 89. By placing the mounting leg 92 on the installation surface (not shown), the weight of the scaffold 31 can be prevented from being applied to the plurality of legs 89, and damage to the legs 89 can be prevented. The plurality of legs 89 are provided at predetermined intervals along the outer periphery 66 t of the work floor 51. The legs 89 are provided so as to rise from the outer periphery 66 t side of the work floor 51 and are inclined so that the lower side approaches the direction of the center line C of the scaffold 31.
The inner fence post 87b, the outer fence post 87a, the post 88, the leg 89, and the mounting leg 92 are formed using, for example, a shape steel.

図1;2に示すように、スカフォード31の外形は、上部と下部とが中間部よりも小径な樽状である。つまり、スカフォード31は、立坑内に降りる際に先頭となる下部と立坑内から昇る際に先頭となる上部とが先細形状に形成される。即ち、外側柵支柱87aは、上部側がスカフォード31の中心線Cの方向に近付くように傾斜して設けられたことにより、スカフォード31の上部が先細形状に形成される。また、脚89は、下部側がスカフォード31の中心線Cの方向に近付くように傾斜して設けられたことにより、スカフォード31の下部が先細形状に形成される。
このように、スカフォード31の上部を先細形状とするための外側柵支柱87aや、スカフォード31の下部を先細形状とするための脚89を備えたので、既存立坑1A内の坑壁1uに出っ張りがあって、当該出っ張りに外側柵支柱87aや脚89が衝突した場合でも、外側柵支柱87aや脚89の傾斜面がガイドとなってスカフォード31が横方向に移動するので、スカフォード31が既存立坑1A内の坑壁1uの出っ張りに衝突して傾いてしまうことを防止できる。従って、作業者の墜落事故やスカフォード31が昇降できなくなるようなことを防止できる。
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the outer shape of the scaffold 31 is a barrel shape in which an upper part and a lower part are smaller in diameter than an intermediate part. That is, the scaffold 31 is formed with a tapered lower part at the top when descending into the shaft and an upper part at the top when rising from the shaft. That is, the upper side of the scaffold 31 is formed in a tapered shape because the outer fence column 87a is provided so as to be inclined so that the upper side approaches the direction of the center line C of the scaffold 31. Further, the leg 89 is provided so as to be inclined so that the lower side thereof approaches the direction of the center line C of the scaffold 31, so that the lower portion of the scaffold 31 is formed in a tapered shape.
Thus, since the outer fence support 87a for making the upper part of the scaffold 31 tapered, and the leg 89 for making the lower part of the scaffold 31 tapered, the well wall 1u in the existing shaft 1A is provided. Even if there is a protrusion and the outer fence post 87a and the leg 89 collide with the protrusion, the inclined surface of the outer fence support 87a and the leg 89 serves as a guide and the scaffold 31 moves laterally. Can be prevented from colliding with the bulge of the well wall 1u in the existing shaft 1A and tilting. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the operator from crashing and the scaffold 31 from being able to move up and down.

図8を参照し、スカフォード設備30について説明する。スカフォード設備30は、スカフォード31と、スカフォード31の吊下支持装置32と、巻取り及び巻出し可能なロープ33によりスカフォード31を昇降可能に吊り下げる巻上機34とを備える。吊下支持装置32は、先行立坑1Xの坑口1tを跨ぐように設置され、先行立坑1Xの中心線とスカフォード31の中心線とが一致するようにスカフォード31の吊下位置を決定するための装置である。吊下支持装置32は、例えば、鉄骨組立体により門型に形成される。この吊下支持装置32が、先行立坑1Xの坑口1eを跨いで、吊下支持装置32に設けられた図外のスカフォード通過孔の中心と先行立坑1Xの中心線とが一致するように設置される。スカフォード31の屋根41には、ロープ33を巻き掛けるための動滑車42が設置される。即ち、ロープ33の一端が巻上機34の図外の巻取軸に固定され、ロープ33の他端側が、吊下支持装置32の屋根部32tに設置されたガイド滑車39、吊下滑車36、及び、動滑車42を経由して、ロープ33の他端が例えば吊下支持装置32に固定される。この状態で、スカフォード31がスカフォード通過孔を経由して先行立坑1X内に吊り下げられ、巻上機34でロープ33を巻き取れば、スカフォード31が上昇し、巻上機34でロープ33を巻き出せばスカフォード31が下降する。先行立坑1Xの中心線とスカフォード31の中心線とが一致してスカフォード31が昇降可能なように、吊下滑車36及び動滑車42の位置、個数などが設定される。即ち、巻上機34の巻取り及び巻出し操作によりスカフォード31を先行立坑1X内で昇降可能に吊り下げることができるように構築する。   The scaffold facility 30 will be described with reference to FIG. The scaffold facility 30 includes a scaffold 31, a suspension support device 32 for the scaffold 31, and a hoisting machine 34 that suspends the scaffold 31 so as to be lifted and lowered by a rope 33 that can be wound and unwound. The suspension support device 32 is installed so as to straddle the well opening 1t of the preceding shaft 1X, and determines the suspension position of the scaffold 31 so that the center line of the preceding shaft 1X matches the center line of the scaffold 31. It is a device. The suspension support device 32 is formed in a gate shape by a steel frame assembly, for example. This suspension support device 32 is installed so that the center of the scaffold passage hole outside the figure provided in the suspension support device 32 and the center line of the preceding shaft 1X coincide with each other over the well opening 1e of the preceding shaft 1X. Is done. On the roof 41 of the scaffold 31, a moving pulley 42 for winding the rope 33 is installed. That is, one end of the rope 33 is fixed to a winding shaft (not shown) of the hoisting machine 34, and the other end side of the rope 33 is a guide pulley 39 and a hanging pulley 36 installed on the roof portion 32 t of the hanging support device 32. And, the other end of the rope 33 is fixed to, for example, the suspension support device 32 via the movable pulley 42. In this state, the scaffold 31 is suspended in the preceding shaft 1X via the scaffold passage hole, and when the rope 33 is wound up by the hoisting machine 34, the scaffold 31 rises and the hoisting machine 34 pulls the rope. If 33 is unwound, the scaffold 31 descends. The positions, the number, and the like of the suspended pulley 36 and the movable pulley 42 are set so that the center line of the leading shaft 1X matches the center line of the scaffold 31 and the scaffold 31 can move up and down. That is, the scaffold 31 is constructed so that it can be lifted and lowered in the preceding shaft 1X by the winding and unwinding operations of the hoisting machine 34.

形態1によるスカフォード31を用いた立坑形成方法を図6乃至図10に基いて説明する。図9(a)に示すように、石灰石鉱山90の地中下には形態2で説明する破砕搬送設備10を設置するための設置空間を備えた坑90Aが形成される。図9(b)に示すように、掘削機械90aを用い、掘削機械90aのロッド90bの下端に設けたビット90cを回転させて破砕搬送設備10の上方に位置する採掘場90Tから石灰石鉱山90を掘削し、図9(c)に示すように、採掘場90Tから坑90A近くまで到達する坑径300mm〜400mm程度のパイロット孔1Bを形成する。図示しないが、ロッド90bの下端をパイロット孔1Bの孔底部まで降ろし、ロッド90bの下端にリーミング(拡掘)ビット90d(図9(d)参照)を接続する。尚、この場合、パイロット孔1Bの孔底部にリーミングビット90dを設置するスペースが必要となるため、パイロット孔1Bの孔底部と地上とを繋ぐ図外の坑道を形成し、この坑道を通ってパイロット孔1Bの孔底部に作業者が入り、パイロット孔1Bの孔底部の径を掘削又は発破で拡げたリーミングビット収容部90Bを形成しておく。そして、坑道を通ってリーミングビット90dをリーミングビット収容部90Bまで運んでおく。次に、図9(d)に示すように、ロッド90bを回転させてリーミングビット90dを回転させながらロッド90bを上昇させる。これにより、リーミングビット90dが、パイロット孔1Bを拡掘した基準立坑としての先行立坑1Xを形成する(図9(e);図7参照)。また、先行立坑1Xの坑底1eと坑90Aとを連通させる傾斜路11を形成する。   A shaft forming method using the scaffold 31 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 9A, a pit 90 </ b> A having an installation space for installing the crushing conveyance facility 10 described in the second embodiment is formed below the limestone mine 90. As shown in FIG. 9 (b), the excavating machine 90a is used to rotate the bit 90c provided at the lower end of the rod 90b of the excavating machine 90a to move the limestone mine 90 from the mining site 90T located above the crushing and conveying facility 10. As shown in FIG. 9C, a pilot hole 1B having a diameter of about 300 mm to 400 mm reaching from the mine site 90T to the vicinity of the pit 90A is formed. Although not shown, the lower end of the rod 90b is lowered to the bottom of the pilot hole 1B, and a reaming (expansion) bit 90d (see FIG. 9D) is connected to the lower end of the rod 90b. In this case, since a space for installing the reaming bit 90d is required at the bottom of the pilot hole 1B, an unillustrated tunnel connecting the hole bottom of the pilot hole 1B and the ground is formed, and the pilot passes through this tunnel. An operator enters the hole bottom portion of the hole 1B, and a reaming bit accommodating portion 90B is formed in which the diameter of the hole bottom portion of the pilot hole 1B is expanded by excavation or blasting. And the reaming bit 90d is carried to the reaming bit accommodating part 90B through a mine shaft. Next, as shown in FIG. 9D, the rod 90b is raised while rotating the reaming bit 90d by rotating the rod 90b. Thereby, the reaming bit 90d forms the preceding shaft 1X as a reference shaft in which the pilot hole 1B is expanded (see FIG. 9E; see FIG. 7). Moreover, the slope 11 which connects the bottom 1e of the preceding vertical shaft 1X and the shaft 90A is formed.

図10(a)に示すように、先行立坑1Xの坑口1tに、先行立坑1X内を昇降可能なスカフォード31の吊下支持装置32を設置する。図10(b)に示すように、スカフォード31を先行立坑1X内で昇降可能に吊り下げることができるように構築する。図10(c)に示すように、スカフォード31の作業床面62上に、後述する拡幅作業に必要な物が搭載されるとともに作業者が乗り、図10(d)に示すように、スカフォード31を先行立坑1Xの坑口1tから先行立坑1Xの坑底1e側まで降ろす。   As shown in FIG. 10 (a), a suspension support device 32 for the scaffold 31 capable of moving up and down in the preceding shaft 1X is installed at the well opening 1t of the preceding shaft 1X. As shown in FIG.10 (b), it builds so that the scaffold 31 can be suspended within the upright shaft 1X so that raising / lowering is possible. As shown in FIG. 10 (c), on the work floor surface 62 of the scaffold 31, an object necessary for the widening work described later is mounted and an operator rides. As shown in FIG. Ford 31 is lowered from the pit 1t of the preceding shaft 1X to the bottom 1e side of the preceding shaft 1X.

そして、先行立坑1Xの坑壁1uを発破する作業、即ち、発破による拡幅作業を、図10(e)に示すように、先行立坑1Xの坑底1e側から先行立坑1Xの坑口1t側に向かって順次行うことで、先行立坑1Xを拡幅した立坑1を形成する(図10(f);図6参照)。
拡幅作業は、スカフォード31に乗った作業者が、例えば図外の削岩機を用いてスカフォード31の周囲の坑壁1uに図外の発破孔を形成し、発破孔内に図外の爆薬を装填して発破孔を閉塞した後に、スカフォード31を上昇させてから、爆薬に点火して爆薬を爆発させる作業である。
Then, as shown in FIG. 10 (e), the operation of blasting the pit wall 1u of the preceding shaft 1X, that is, the widening operation by blasting, is performed from the bottom 1e side of the preceding shaft 1X toward the wellhead 1t side of the preceding shaft 1X. Thus, the shaft 1 is formed by expanding the preceding shaft 1X (FIG. 10 (f); see FIG. 6).
In the widening operation, an operator riding on the scaffold 31 forms a blast hole outside the figure in the well wall 1u around the scaffold 31 using, for example, a rock drill outside the figure, and the figure outside the figure is inside the blast hole. After loading the explosive and closing the blast hole, the scaffold 31 is raised, and then the explosive is exploded by igniting the explosive.

図6に示すように、立坑1を形成した後、スカフォード設備30を撤去する。尚、発破により削られたズリは自然落下して先行立坑1Xの下に設けられた坑90A内に移動し、排出される。   As shown in FIG. 6, after the shaft 1 is formed, the scaffold facility 30 is removed. It should be noted that the shear cut by blasting falls naturally, moves into the pit 90A provided under the preceding vertical shaft 1X, and is discharged.

形態1のスカフォード31によれば、板状体67を作業床51の外周66tより外側に延長する足場として利用できるので、坑壁1uに対する様々な作業を、安全、かつ、効率的に行えるようになる。即ち、先行立坑1Xの坑壁1uに対する発破孔形成作業や爆薬装填作業、完成後の立坑1内で作業する際の安全対策作業、その他の坑壁1uに対する様々な作業を、安全、かつ、効率的に行えるようになる。
また、リーミングビット90dの径よりも小さい径の作業床51を備えたスカフォード31を用いて坑壁1uに対する作業を行えるようになるので、小さいスカフォード31で大きな径の立坑1を形成できるようになる。
また、従来のようにスカフォード31から坑壁1uの方向に張り出すような足場を組み立てる必要がなく、坑壁1uに対する作業を、簡単かつ安全に行えるようになる。
また、スカフォード31が、板状体67を備えることから、従来のように先行立坑1X内に足場を組み立てるための部材を搬入する必要もなく、作業床面62を本来の作業床面として有効に使用できる。
形態1のスカフォード31によれば、スカフォード31を先行立坑1X内で昇降させる場合には、板状体67を作業床面62に対して起立させた柵として利用できるので、スカフォード31からの墜落事故を防止できるようになる。
形態1のスカフォード31によれば、板状体67を作業床51の外周66tより外側に延長して坑壁1uから崩れた岩などを受ける屋根として機能させることで、坑壁1uから崩れた岩などが坑底1eへ落下するのを防止できる。
また、板状体67をヒンジ71を介して回転させるだけで、板状体67を容易に柵又は足場や屋根に設定できる。
さらに、起立状態維持手段53と張り出し状態維持手段54とによって各板状体67を個別に柵又は足場や屋根に設定できるので、坑壁1uの周方向に凹凸があっても個別に対応可能となる。
また、長さを可変可能な板状体67を設ければ、立坑内を昇降可能なスカフォード31と立坑の坑壁1uとの間の隙間が坑壁1uの上下方向で変わる場合でも即座に対応できるようになる。
各板状体67は、作業床51の外周66tより外側に延長する状態に維持された互いに隣り合う板状体67と板状体67との間の隙間78に補助足場を形成する補助板80を備えたので、隙間78に補助の足場や屋根を容易に形成できて、立坑の坑壁1uに対する作業をより容易に行えるとともに、坑底1eへの岩などの落下をより確実に防止できる。
According to the scaffold 31 of the first embodiment, the plate-like body 67 can be used as a scaffold extending outside the outer periphery 66t of the work floor 51, so that various operations on the mine wall 1u can be performed safely and efficiently. become. In other words, blast hole formation work and explosive loading work for the pit wall 1u of the preceding shaft 1X, safety measures work when working in the completed pit 1 and various other work for the mine wall 1u are safe and efficient. Will be able to do it.
Further, since the work on the well wall 1u can be performed using the scaffold 31 provided with the work floor 51 having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the reaming bit 90d, the shaft 1 having a large diameter can be formed with the small scaffold 31. become.
Further, there is no need to assemble a scaffolding that projects from the scaffold 31 to the mine wall 1u as in the prior art, and the work on the mine wall 1u can be performed easily and safely.
Further, since the scaffold 31 includes the plate-like body 67, it is not necessary to carry in a member for assembling the scaffolding in the preceding shaft 1X as in the prior art, and the work floor surface 62 is effective as the original work floor surface. Can be used for
According to the scaffold 31 of the first embodiment, when the scaffold 31 is lifted and lowered in the preceding vertical shaft 1X, the plate-like body 67 can be used as a fence raised from the work floor surface 62. Can prevent accidents.
According to the scaffold 31 of the form 1, the plate-like body 67 is extended from the outer periphery 66t of the work floor 51 so as to function as a roof that receives rocks that have collapsed from the mine wall 1u, and thus collapsed from the mine wall 1u. Rocks can be prevented from falling to the bottom 1e.
Moreover, the plate-shaped body 67 can be easily set to a fence, a scaffold, or a roof only by rotating the plate-shaped body 67 via the hinge 71.
Furthermore, each plate-like body 67 can be individually set as a fence, a scaffold, or a roof by the standing state maintaining means 53 and the overhanging state maintaining means 54, so that even if there are irregularities in the circumferential direction of the well wall 1u, it can be individually handled. Become.
Further, if the plate-like body 67 that can change the length is provided, even if the gap between the scaffold 31 that can be moved up and down in the shaft and the shaft wall 1u of the shaft changes in the vertical direction of the shaft wall 1u, immediately. It becomes possible to respond.
Each plate-like body 67 is an auxiliary plate 80 that forms an auxiliary scaffold in a gap 78 between the plate-like body 67 and the plate-like body 67 adjacent to each other, which is maintained outside the outer periphery 66 t of the work floor 51. Therefore, an auxiliary scaffold and a roof can be easily formed in the gap 78, work on the shaft wall 1u of the shaft can be performed more easily, and fall of rocks and the like to the bottom 1e can be more reliably prevented.

形態1では、図10(f);図6に示すように、坑底1e側の坑径寸法1waが坑口1t側の坑径寸法1wbより大きい立坑1を形成する。このような坑底1e側と坑口1t側とで坑径寸法の異なる立坑1は、坑壁1uに形成する発破孔の深さ、及び、爆薬の量を異ならせることで形成可能である。このような構造の立坑1によれば、石灰石が坑口1tから立坑1内に投入されて、石灰石が坑底1eから坑口1tに近い部分まで積み上げられた場合、石灰石は坑径寸法1wbである坑口1t側の坑内の坑壁1uと接触するため、坑口1t側の坑内に位置する石灰石は下方に移動しにくくなる。しかしながら、立坑1は、坑底1e側の坑径寸法1waが坑口1t側の坑径寸法1wbより大きいので、坑口1t側の坑内に位置される石灰石が、後に坑口1tから投入されてくる石灰石に押されて坑口1t側から坑底1e側に移るときに坑口1t側の坑内の坑壁1uとの接触から一気に開放されて坑底1eに落下するため、立坑1内での石灰石の詰まりが解消される。よって、立坑1内に投入された石灰石が立坑1内で詰まりにくくなり、石灰石が坑90Aまでスムーズに供給されるという効果が得られる。   In Mode 1, as shown in FIG. 10 (f); FIG. 6, the shaft 1 is formed in which the bore diameter 1wa on the well bottom 1e side is larger than the bore diameter 1wb on the well opening 1t side. Such shafts 1 having different diameters on the bottom 1e side and the well 1t side can be formed by varying the depth of the blast hole formed in the well wall 1u and the amount of explosive. According to the shaft 1 having such a structure, when limestone is introduced into the shaft 1 from the well opening 1t and the limestone is stacked from the bottom 1e to the portion close to the well opening 1t, the limestone has a well diameter of 1 wb. Since it contacts with the pit wall 1u in the 1t side mine, the limestone located in the mine on the 1t side becomes difficult to move downward. However, since the shaft diameter 1wa on the shaft bottom 1e is larger than the shaft diameter 1wb on the wellhead 1t side, the limestone 1 located in the shaft on the wellhead 1t side is converted into limestone that is subsequently introduced from the wellhead 1t. When pushed and moved from the wellhead 1t side to the well bottom 1e side, it is released from contact with the well wall 1u in the well on the wellhead 1t side and falls to the well bottom 1e, so the limestone clogging in the shaft 1 is eliminated. Is done. Therefore, the limestone thrown into the shaft 1 becomes difficult to be clogged in the shaft 1, and the effect that the limestone is smoothly supplied to the shaft 90A is obtained.

現在、リーミングビット90dの掘削径の最大寸法は、6,000mm(6m)であり、掘削径が6mを超えるリーミングビットは非常に高価になることが予想されるが、形態1による立坑形成方法によれば、例えば、掘削径が6mのリーミングビット90dを用いて先行立坑1Xを形成し、その後、安価なスカフォード31を用いた発破による拡幅作業を行うことにより、6mを超える坑径の立坑1を形成できる。即ち、掘削径が6mを超える高価なリーミングビット90d及び付帯設備を用いることなく、6mを超える坑径の立坑1を形成できるので、6mを超える坑径の立坑1を低コストで形成でき、経済的である。
また、掘削径が6mよりも小さいリーミングビット90dを用いて先行立坑1Xを形成し、その後、安価なスカフォード31を用いた発破による拡幅作業を行うことにより、6mを超える坑径の立坑1を形成することも可能となるので、6mを超える坑径の立坑1を、より低コストで形成できる。
また、6m以下の坑径の立坑1を形成する場合であっても、掘削径の小さいリーミングビット90dを用いて先行立坑1Xを形成し、その後、安価なスカフォード31を用いた発破による拡幅作業を行うことにより、立坑1を形成できるので、立坑1を、より低コストで形成できる。
At present, the maximum dimension of the drilling diameter of the reaming bit 90d is 6,000 mm (6 m), and a reaming bit with a drilling diameter exceeding 6 m is expected to be very expensive. According to this, for example, the leading shaft 1X is formed using the reaming bit 90d having a drilling diameter of 6 m, and then the widening operation by blasting using the inexpensive scaffold 31 is performed, whereby the shaft 1 having a diameter exceeding 6 m is formed. Can be formed. That is, the shaft 1 having a diameter exceeding 6 m can be formed without using an expensive reaming bit 90d and ancillary equipment exceeding 6 m, so that the shaft 1 having a diameter exceeding 6 m can be formed at low cost. Is.
Further, by forming a leading shaft 1X using a reaming bit 90d having a drilling diameter smaller than 6 m, and then performing a widening operation by blasting using an inexpensive scaffold 31, a shaft 1 having a diameter exceeding 6 m is obtained. Since it becomes possible to form, the shaft 1 with a diameter exceeding 6 m can be formed at a lower cost.
Further, even when the shaft 1 having a diameter of 6 m or less is formed, the leading shaft 1X is formed using the reaming bit 90d having a small excavation diameter, and then widening work by blasting using the inexpensive scaffold 31 Since the shaft 1 can be formed by performing the above, the shaft 1 can be formed at a lower cost.

また、リーミングビット90dによる拡掘だけで坑径の大きい立坑1を形成する場合には、重くて掘削径の大きいリーミングビット90dを用いて当該リーミングビット90dを吊り上げなくてはならないため、ロッド90bの長さを長くできない。このため、大坑径で大深度の立坑1を形成する場合には、例えば特開2005−30106号公報などに開示されるように、深さ方向に延長する立坑を複数回に分けて形成しなければならないので、不経済である。
一方、本形態1によれば、大坑径で大深度の立坑1を形成する場合でも、軽くて掘削径の小さいリーミングビット90dを用いることが可能となり、また、スカフォード31の昇降はロープ33を用いれば良いので、大坑径で大深度の立坑1を一気に形成できる。よって、上記特開2005−30106号公報などに開示されるように、深さ方向に延長する立坑を複数回に分けて形成する場合に比べて、大坑径で大深度の立坑1を経済的に形成できる。
In addition, when the shaft 1 having a large shaft diameter is formed only by the expansion by the reaming bit 90d, the reaming bit 90d must be lifted using the heavy and large reaming bit 90d. The length cannot be increased. For this reason, when forming the shaft 1 with a large shaft diameter and depth, the shaft extending in the depth direction is divided into a plurality of times as disclosed in, for example, JP-A-2005-30106. It must be uneconomical.
On the other hand, according to the present embodiment 1, even when the shaft 1 having a large mine diameter and a large depth is formed, the reaming bit 90d that is light and has a small digging diameter can be used. Therefore, it is possible to form the shaft 1 having a large diameter and a large depth at a stretch. Therefore, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-30106 and the like, the shaft 1 having a large shaft diameter and a large depth is more economical than the case where the shaft extending in the depth direction is divided into a plurality of times. Can be formed.

本形態1では、発破による拡幅作業を先行立坑1Xの坑底1e側から先行立坑1Xの坑口1t側に向かって順次行うので、発破による拡幅作業を終えた後、拡幅作業を終えた坑壁部分1fu(図10(e);図8参照)よりも坑底1e側で作業を行うことがない。よって、拡幅作業を終えた坑壁部分1fuからの落石に対する安全対策が不要となり、拡幅作業を終えた坑壁部分1fuへの後述する取付部材の取付作業が不要となるので、先行立坑1Xを拡幅する際の作業にかかる手間、及び、当該作業にかかる時間を少なくできる。
一方、拡幅作業を、先行立坑1Xの坑口1t側から先行立坑1Xの坑底1e側に向かって順次行っていく形態7の方法においては、拡幅作業を終えた後、拡幅作業を終えた坑壁部分よりも坑底1e側で作業を行うことになる。従って、作業者の安全を確保するために、拡幅作業を終えた坑壁部分に落石防止用の後述するような取付部材を取付ける必要があるので、先行立坑1Xを拡幅する際の作業にかかる手間、及び、当該作業にかかる時間が多くなる。
In Embodiment 1, widening work by blasting is sequentially performed from the bottom 1e side of the preceding vertical shaft 1X toward the wellhead 1t side of the preceding vertical shaft 1X. Therefore, after completing the widening work by blasting, the well wall portion that has finished the widening work No work is performed on the bottom 1e side of 1fu (see FIG. 10 (e); see FIG. 8). Therefore, safety measures against falling rocks from the pit wall part 1fu that has completed the widening work are no longer necessary, and the work of attaching a mounting member, which will be described later, to the pit wall part 1fu that has finished the widening work is not required. It is possible to reduce the time and labor required for the work when performing the operation.
On the other hand, in the method of the embodiment 7 in which the widening operation is sequentially performed from the well opening 1t side of the preceding vertical shaft 1X toward the bottom 1e side of the preceding vertical shaft 1X, after the widening operation is finished, the well wall that has finished the widening operation Work will be performed on the bottom 1e side of the part. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of the worker, it is necessary to attach an attachment member for preventing falling rocks to the pit wall part after the widening work, so that it takes time to widen the preceding vertical shaft 1X. And, the time required for the work increases.

形態1によれば、発破により削られたズリは自然落下して先行立坑1Xの下に設けられた坑90A内に移動するので、ズリを狭い先行立坑1X内から坑口1tまで搬送して排出するような作業をなくすことができ、ズリの搬出作業が容易となる。形態1の場合、発破による拡幅作業を、先行立坑1Xの坑底1e側から先行立坑1Xの坑口1tに向かって順次行うので、拡幅作業を行う坑壁1uよりも坑底1e側は既に拡幅されて坑径が大きくなっており、発破により削られたズリの落下を邪魔する坑壁1uの突出部分が少ないので、ズリが坑90Aまでスムーズに落下する。
一方、形態7では、拡幅作業を行う坑壁1uよりも坑底1e側は拡幅作業が行われていないので、発破により削られたズリは、まだ拡幅作業が行われていなくて削られずに先行立坑1Xの中心方向に突出することになる坑底1e側の坑壁1uの上面に堆積しやすくなる。よって、このズリが堆積した部分よりも坑底1e側で坑壁1uに発破孔を形成する作業などを行うときには、ズリが落下して危険なので、堆積しているズリを事前に落下させる作業が必要になる。つまり、作業が多くなるので、先行立坑1Xを拡幅する際の作業にかかる手間、及び、当該作業にかかる時間が多くなる。
According to the first aspect, the shear cut by blasting naturally falls and moves into the pit 90A provided under the preceding shaft 1X, so that the shear is transported from the narrow preceding shaft 1X to the wellhead 1t and discharged. Such an operation can be eliminated, and the unloading operation becomes easy. In the case of Form 1, since the widening work by blasting is sequentially performed from the bottom 1e side of the preceding vertical shaft 1X toward the well opening 1t of the preceding vertical shaft 1X, the width of the bottom 1e is already widened compared to the well wall 1u that performs the widening operation. Since the diameter of the mine is large and there are few protruding portions of the mine wall 1u that obstruct the fall of the sledge cut by blasting, the sledge smoothly falls to the mine 90A.
On the other hand, in Form 7, since the widening work is not performed on the bottom 1e side of the pit wall 1u where the widening work is performed, the shearing scraped by the blasting is not yet performed because the widening work is not performed. It becomes easy to deposit on the upper surface of the well wall 1u on the well bottom 1e side that protrudes in the center direction of the shaft 1X. Therefore, when performing a work such as forming a blast hole in the mine wall 1u on the side of the bottom 1e with respect to the portion where the gap is accumulated, it is dangerous that the gap is dropped. I need it. That is, since the work is increased, the time and labor required for the work for widening the leading shaft 1X and the time required for the work are increased.

尚、坑径寸法1waの部分は、上述したようにスカフォード31から先行立坑1Xを発破により拡幅して形成してもよいし、リーミングビット90dで拡掘された先行立坑1Xの坑径寸法のままとしておいても良い。   The portion of the bore diameter 1wa may be formed by expanding the preceding shaft 1X from the scaffold 31 by blasting as described above, or the diameter of the preceding shaft 1X expanded by the reaming bit 90d. You can leave it.

また、作業床面62を多角形状の床面に形成し、四角枠体68の一辺部70Aが、多角形状の作業床面62の多角形の一辺に相当する位置に設置されるように構成してもよい。
また、ヒンジ71は、作業床51の外周面に設けても良いし、作業床面62上に設けても良い。
Further, the work floor surface 62 is formed in a polygonal floor surface, and one side portion 70A of the square frame 68 is installed at a position corresponding to one side of the polygon of the polygonal work floor surface 62. May be.
Further, the hinge 71 may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the work floor 51 or may be provided on the work floor surface 62.

形態2
本発明のスカフォード31を用いた立坑形成方法によれば、既存立坑1Aを拡幅(拡径)することにより立坑1を形成することも可能である。例えば、図12に示すように、既存立坑1Aの坑口1t側の坑壁1uが既存立坑1Aに投入された石灰石により削られて、既存立坑1Aの坑口1t側の坑径1Amが坑底1e側の坑径1Awよりも大きくなることにより、既存立坑1Aの坑径が絞られて漏斗形状のようになり、径の大きい坑内から径の小さい坑内への入口部分1Asで石灰石が詰まりやすくなった場合等に、既存立坑1Aを拡幅することにより立坑を形成する場合である。
Form 2
According to the shaft forming method using the scaffold 31 of the present invention, the shaft 1 can be formed by widening (expanding) the existing shaft 1A. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, the well wall 1u on the well shaft 1t side of the existing shaft 1A is scraped by limestone introduced into the existing shaft 1A, and the shaft diameter 1Am on the well shaft 1t side of the existing shaft 1A is the bottom 1e side. When the diameter of the existing shaft 1A is narrowed to become a funnel shape by becoming larger than the diameter of the shaft 1Aw, the limestone is easily clogged with the entrance portion 1As from the inside of the large diameter shaft to the inside of the small diameter shaft For example, a shaft is formed by widening the existing shaft 1A.

以下、本形態2による立坑形成方法を説明する。まず、図12に示すように、石灰石鉱山90の採掘場90Tから破砕搬送設備10が設置された坑90Aまで延長する立坑(既存立坑1A)が既に形成されているとする。   Hereinafter, the shaft forming method according to the second embodiment will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 12, it is assumed that a shaft (existing shaft 1 </ b> A) extending from the mining site 90 </ b> T of the limestone mine 90 to the shaft 90 </ b> A where the crushing and transporting facility 10 is installed has already been formed.

尚、図12に示すように、坑90A内には、小割室12と、貯鉱槽13と、破砕室14と、搬送室15とが設けられ、当該坑90A内に破砕搬送設備10が設置される。当該破砕搬送設備10は、後述するふるい16、ガイドローラ17、ブレーカ18、ゲート21、コンベヤ装置22、破砕機23、搬送装置25、ベルトコンベヤ装置26などにより構成される。
貯鉱槽13は、傾斜路11の終端と連通して垂直方向に延長した後に傾斜する空間により形成される。貯鉱槽13の入口にはふるい16が設けられる。小割室12は、ふるい16より上方でかつ傾斜路11の終端と連通する空間により形成される。小割室12は、傾斜路11を経由して落下してきた石灰石をふるい16の上に導くガイドローラ17を小割室12の入口の天井19側に備え、かつ、ふるい16の上に位置された石灰石を砕いてふるい16のふるい目に通すブレーカ18を備える。よって、ブレーカ18で砕かれて小割りされた石灰石が貯鉱槽13内に落下して貯蔵される。破砕室14は、ゲート21と、コンベヤ装置22と、破砕機23とを備える。降雨時や拡幅作業時以外の石灰石破砕搬送時には、貯鉱槽13から落下する小割された石灰石がコンベヤ装置22により破砕機23に搬送され、破砕機23で石灰石がより細かく破砕される。降雨時、拡幅作業時には、ゲート21により貯鉱槽13からの水やズリがコンベヤ装置22の上に落下しないように、貯鉱槽13からの水やズリがゲート21により堰き止められる。搬送室15は、破砕機23で破砕された石灰石を石灰工場や港などに搬送するための長距離ベルトコンベヤ装置のような搬送装置25と、破砕機23で破砕された石灰石を搬送装置25に搬送するベルトコンベヤ装置26とを備える。よって、貯鉱槽13から破砕機23に送られ、破砕機23で破砕されてより細粒化された石灰石がベルトコンベヤ装置26及び搬送装置25を経由して石灰工場や港などに搬送される。
In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, a subdivision chamber 12, a storage tank 13, a crushing chamber 14, and a transfer chamber 15 are provided in the pit 90A, and the crushing transfer facility 10 is provided in the pit 90A. Installed. The crushing and conveying facility 10 includes a sieve 16, a guide roller 17, a breaker 18, a gate 21, a conveyor device 22, a crusher 23, a conveying device 25, and a belt conveyor device 26 described later.
The storage tank 13 is formed by a space that is inclined after being communicated with the end of the ramp 11 and extending in the vertical direction. A sieve 16 is provided at the entrance of the storage tank 13. The small chamber 12 is formed by a space above the screen 16 and communicating with the end of the ramp 11. The split chamber 12 is provided with a guide roller 17 for guiding the limestone that has fallen via the ramp 11 onto the sieve 16 on the ceiling 19 side of the entrance of the split chamber 12, and is positioned on the sieve 16. A breaker 18 for crushing the limestone and passing it through the sieves of the sieve 16 is provided. Therefore, the limestone crushed and broken by the breaker 18 falls into the storage tank 13 and is stored. The crushing chamber 14 includes a gate 21, a conveyor device 22, and a crusher 23. At the time of crushing and transporting limestone other than during rainfall or widening work, the crushed limestone falling from the storage tank 13 is transported to the crusher 23 by the conveyor device 22, and the limestone is crushed more finely by the crusher 23. During rainfall and widening operations, the gate 21 prevents the water and sludge from the storage tank 13 from falling onto the conveyor device 22 by the gate 21. The transfer chamber 15 includes a transfer device 25 such as a long-distance belt conveyor device for transferring the limestone crushed by the crusher 23 to a lime factory or a port, and the limestone crushed by the crusher 23 into the transfer device 25. And a belt conveyor device 26 for conveyance. Therefore, the limestone, which is sent from the storage tank 13 to the crusher 23 and crushed by the crusher 23 and further refined, is conveyed to a lime factory, a port or the like via the belt conveyor device 26 and the conveying device 25. .

図13に示すように、スカフォード設備30は、スカフォード31と、スカフォード31の吊下支持装置32と、巻取り及び巻出し可能なロープ33によりスカフォード31を昇降可能に吊り下げる巻上機34とを備える。吊下支持装置32は、既存立坑1Aの坑口1tを跨ぐように設置され、既存立坑1Aの中心軸線とスカフォード31の中心軸線とが一致するようにスカフォード31の吊下位置を決定するための装置である。吊下支持装置32は、ベース35と、ロープ33を吊り下げる吊下滑車36及びガイド滑車39を設置するための屋根骨組37と、ベース35と屋根骨組37とに連結されて屋根骨組37を支持するトラス支柱骨組38とを備える。ベース35にはスカフォード31を通過させる図外の通過孔が形成される。このベース35が、既存立坑1Aの坑口1eを跨いで、通過孔の中心と既存立坑1Aの中心軸線とが一致するように設置される。スカフォード31の屋根41には、ロープ33を巻き掛けるための動滑車42が設置される。即ち、ロープ33の一端が巻上機34の図外の巻取軸に固定され、ロープ33の他端側がガイド滑車39、吊下滑車36、動滑車42を経由して、ロープ33の他端が例えばベース35に固定される。この状態で、スカフォード31がベース35の通過孔を経由して既存立坑1A内に吊り下げられ、巻上機34でロープ33を巻き取れば、スカフォード31が上昇し、巻上機34でロープ33を巻き出せばスカフォード31が下降する。既存立坑1Aの中心軸線とスカフォード31の中心軸線とが一致してスカフォード31が昇降可能なように、吊下滑車36及び動滑車42の位置、個数などが設定される。即ち、巻上機34の巻取り及び巻出し操作によりスカフォード31を既存立坑1A内で昇降可能に吊り下げることができるように構築する。   As shown in FIG. 13, the scaffold facility 30 includes a scaffold 31, a suspension support device 32 for the scaffold 31, and a rope 33 that can wind and unwind the scaffold 31 so that the scaffold 31 can be lifted and lowered. Machine 34. The suspension support device 32 is installed so as to straddle the pit 1t of the existing shaft 1A, and determines the suspension position of the scaffold 31 so that the center axis of the existing shaft 1A and the center axis of the scaffold 31 coincide. It is a device. The suspension support device 32 is connected to the base 35, the roof frame 37 for installing the suspension pulley 36 and the guide pulley 39 for hanging the rope 33, and the base 35 and the roof frame 37 to support the roof frame 37. And a truss post frame 38 to be provided. An unillustrated passage hole through which the scaffold 31 passes is formed in the base 35. The base 35 is installed so that the center of the passage hole and the center axis of the existing shaft 1A coincide with each other over the well opening 1e of the existing shaft 1A. On the roof 41 of the scaffold 31, a moving pulley 42 for winding the rope 33 is installed. That is, one end of the rope 33 is fixed to a winding shaft (not shown) of the hoisting machine 34, and the other end side of the rope 33 is connected to the other end of the rope 33 via the guide pulley 39, the suspended pulley 36, and the movable pulley 42. Is fixed to the base 35, for example. In this state, the scaffold 31 is suspended in the existing shaft 1 </ b> A via the passage hole of the base 35, and if the rope 33 is wound up by the hoisting machine 34, the scaffold 31 is lifted and the hoisting machine 34 When the rope 33 is unwound, the scaffold 31 descends. The positions, the number, and the like of the suspended pulley 36 and the movable pulley 42 are set so that the center axis of the existing shaft 1A matches the center axis of the scaffold 31 so that the scaffold 31 can move up and down. That is, the scaffold 31 is constructed so that it can be lifted and lowered in the existing shaft 1 </ b> A by the winding and unwinding operations of the hoisting machine 34.

図11乃至図14に基いて、既存立坑1Aを拡幅して立坑1を形成する方法を説明する。まず、クレーン等の揚重機44を用いて、上述したように、既存立坑1Aの坑口1tに吊下支持装置32のベース35を設置する(図12;図14(a)参照)。トラス支柱骨組38及び屋根骨組37を組み立てて、屋根骨組37上にガイド滑車39、吊下滑車36を設置した後、ロープ33の一端を巻上機34の巻取軸に固定し、ロープ33の他端側を順番にガイド滑車39、吊下滑車36、動滑車42に巻き掛けてロープ33の他端をベース35に固定することにより、巻上機34の巻取り及び巻出し操作によりスカフォード31を立坑1A内で昇降可能に吊り下げることができるように構築する(図13;図14(b)参照)。   Based on FIG. 11 thru | or FIG. 14, the method of widening the existing shaft 1A and forming the shaft 1 is demonstrated. First, as described above, the base 35 of the suspension support device 32 is installed at the well opening 1t of the existing shaft 1A by using a lifting machine 44 such as a crane (see FIG. 12; FIG. 14A). After assembling the truss support frame 38 and the roof frame 37 and installing the guide pulley 39 and the suspended pulley 36 on the roof frame 37, one end of the rope 33 is fixed to the winding shaft of the hoisting machine 34. The other end of the rope 33 is wound around the guide pulley 39, the suspended pulley 36, and the movable pulley 42 in order, and the other end of the rope 33 is fixed to the base 35, whereby the winding machine 34 is wound and unwound. It builds so that 31 can be suspended in the shaft 1A so that raising / lowering is possible (refer FIG. 13; FIG.14 (b)).

既存立坑1A内の坑壁1uの状態が不明であり、坑壁1uが崩れ易くなっていることも予想されるので、巻上機34でロープ33を巻き出してスカフォード31を既存立坑1A内で下降させながら(図14(c)参照)、既存立坑1A内の現状の坑壁1uが崩れないように安全を確保する。この場合、スカフォード31の作業床面62上に、坑壁状態確認及び後述する取付部材の取付作業に必要な物が搭載されるとともに作業者が乗り、スカフォード31を既存立坑1Aの坑口1t側から既存立坑1Aの坑底1e側に向かって徐々に下降させる。この際、スカフォード31の下降と停止とを繰り返しながら、作業者が、スカフォード31の作業床面62上から坑壁1uの状態を確認する作業を行うとともに、スカフォード31の停止中に、作業者が、坑壁1uの崩れを防止して作業者の安全を図るために、坑壁1uに落石防止用の図外の取付部材を取付けていく。この取付部材は、ネット、金網、シート、帯鉄などであり、取付作業は、取付部材をアンカーのような固定具で坑壁1uに取付ける作業である。既存立坑1A内の坑壁1uの状態確認作業及び坑壁1uに対する取付部材の取付作業を終了した後は、取付部材を坑壁1uに取付けた状態のまま、スカフォード31を坑口1tまで上昇させる。   Since the state of the pit wall 1u in the existing shaft 1A is unknown and the pit wall 1u is likely to collapse, the rope 33 is unwound by the hoisting machine 34, and the scaffold 31 is moved into the existing shaft 1A. As shown in FIG. 14C, safety is ensured so that the current well wall 1u in the existing shaft 1A does not collapse. In this case, on the work floor surface 62 of the scaffold 31, an object necessary for confirming the pit wall state and mounting work of the mounting member described later is mounted and the worker rides, and the scaffold 31 is installed in the wellhead 1 t of the existing shaft 1 </ b> A. It is gradually lowered from the side toward the bottom 1e side of the existing shaft 1A. At this time, while repeating the descending and stopping of the scaffold 31, the operator performs an operation of confirming the state of the pit wall 1 u from the work floor surface 62 of the scaffold 31, while the scaffold 31 is stopped. In order to prevent the collapsing of the well wall 1u and to ensure the safety of the worker, the worker attaches a mounting member for preventing falling rocks to the well wall 1u. This attachment member is a net, a wire mesh, a sheet, a band, or the like, and the attachment operation is an operation of attaching the attachment member to the mine wall 1u with a fixture such as an anchor. After finishing the work of checking the state of the well wall 1u in the existing shaft 1A and the work of attaching the attachment member to the well 1u, the scaffold 31 is raised to the wellhead 1t while the attachment member is attached to the well 1u. .

そして、スカフォード31の作業床面62上に、後述する拡幅作業に必要な物が搭載されるとともに作業者が乗り、スカフォード31を既存立坑1Aの坑口1t側から既存立坑1Aの坑底1e側まで降ろす(図14(d)参照)。スカフォード31を既存立坑1Aの坑底1e側まで降ろす際には、坑壁1uに取付けられている取付部材は、スカフォード31と坑壁1uとの衝突を防止する坑壁保護材として機能する。
次に、既存立坑1Aの坑壁1uを発破する作業、即ち、発破による拡幅作業を、既存立坑1Aの坑底1e側から既存立坑1Aの坑口1tに向かって順次行うことで、既存立坑1Aを拡幅する(図14(e);図13参照)。
発破により削られたズリは自然落下して既存立坑1Aの下に設けられた貯鉱槽13に移動し、ゲート21で堰き止められる。ゲート21で堰き止められた当該ズリは、破砕室14で回収され、排出される。
Then, on the work floor surface 62 of the scaffold 31, an object necessary for the widening work described later is mounted and a worker rides, and the scaffold 31 is moved from the well opening 1 t side of the existing shaft 1 </ b> A to the bottom 1 e of the existing shaft 1 </ b> A. (See FIG. 14 (d)). When the scaffold 31 is lowered to the bottom 1e side of the existing shaft 1A, the attachment member attached to the well wall 1u functions as a well wall protective material that prevents the scaffold 31 from colliding with the well wall 1u. .
Next, the operation of blasting the pit wall 1u of the existing shaft 1A, that is, the widening operation by blasting, is sequentially performed from the bottom 1e side of the existing shaft 1A toward the well opening 1t of the existing shaft 1A, so that the existing shaft 1A is The width is increased (see FIG. 14 (e); see FIG. 13).
The shear cut by blasting falls naturally and moves to the storage tank 13 provided under the existing shaft 1 </ b> A, and is blocked by the gate 21. The gaps blocked by the gate 21 are collected in the crushing chamber 14 and discharged.

本形態2では、拡幅作業対象部位の坑壁1uに取付けられている取付部材を撤去した後に拡幅作業を行う。拡幅作業を終えた後、拡幅作業を終えた坑壁部分1fu(図14(e);図13参照)よりも坑底1e側で作業を行うことがないので、拡幅作業を終えた坑壁部分1fuには取付部材を取付けない。拡幅作業を行う際、作業者の上方の坑壁1uに取付けられている取付部材は、坑壁1uからの落石を防止する落石防止材として機能する。   In the second embodiment, the widening operation is performed after removing the mounting member attached to the well wall 1u of the widening work target site. After finishing the widening work, since the work is not performed on the bottom 1e side of the well wall part 1fu (see FIG. 14 (e); FIG. 13) after the widening work, the well wall part after the widening work is finished. No attachment member is attached to 1fu. When performing the widening operation, the attachment member attached to the pit wall 1u above the operator functions as a rock fall prevention material for preventing rock fall from the pit wall 1u.

本形態2のように既存立坑1Aを拡幅して立坑1を形成する場合においては、既存立坑1A内における、例えば、弱層部や鍾乳洞などの箇所は、抉り取られて窪んだ坑壁1uとなっている場合があり、この場合、スカフォード31と既存立坑1Aの坑壁1uとの間の隙間が大きくなって、坑壁1uに対する作業をスカフォード31から行えない場合がある。
しかしながら、本形態2によれば、当該スカフォード31を用いることにより、板状体67を作業床51の外周66tより外側に延長する足場として利用できるので、スカフォード31と既存立坑1Aの坑壁1uとの間の隙間があっても、上述したような、坑壁1uに対する作業を、安全、かつ、効率的に行えるようになる。また、従来のようにスカフォード31から坑壁1uの方向に張り出すような足場を組み立てる必要がなく、既存立坑1Aの坑壁1uに対する作業を簡単かつ安全に作業を行えるようになる。
また、既存立坑1Aでは、坑壁1uの凹凸が激しいことが予想されるが、坑壁1uの凹凸が激しくても、起立状態維持手段53と張り出し状態維持手段54とによって各板状体67を個別に柵又は足場や屋根に設定できるので、坑壁1uの周方向に凹凸があっても個別に対応可能となり、また、長さを可変可能な板状体67を設ければ、立坑内を昇降可能なスカフォードと既存立坑1Aの坑壁1uとの間の隙間が坑壁1uの上下方向で変わる場合でも即座に対応できるようになる。
In the case where the existing shaft 1A is widened to form the shaft 1 as in the present embodiment 2, for example, a weak layer portion or a limestone cave in the existing shaft 1A is scraped and depressed into the well wall 1u. In this case, the gap between the scaffold 31 and the well wall 1u of the existing shaft 1A may become large, and work on the well 1u may not be performed from the scaffold 31.
However, according to the second embodiment, by using the scaffold 31, the plate-like body 67 can be used as a scaffold extending outside the outer periphery 66 t of the work floor 51, so the scaffold 31 and the existing shaft 1 </ b> A wall Even if there is a gap with 1u, the work on the mine wall 1u as described above can be performed safely and efficiently. In addition, it is not necessary to assemble a scaffolding projecting from the scaffold 31 to the mine wall 1u as in the prior art, and the work on the mine wall 1u of the existing shaft 1A can be performed easily and safely.
Further, in the existing shaft 1A, it is expected that the unevenness of the well wall 1u is severe, but even if the unevenness of the well wall 1u is intense, each plate-like body 67 is connected by the standing state maintaining means 53 and the overhanging state maintaining means 54. Since it can be set individually for fences, scaffolds and roofs, even if there are irregularities in the circumferential direction of the mine wall 1u, it can be handled individually, and if a plate-like body 67 whose length can be changed is provided, Even when the gap between the up and down scaffolding and the well wall 1u of the existing shaft 1A changes in the vertical direction of the well wall 1u, it can be dealt with immediately.

形態2によれば、形態1と同じ効果が得られるとともに、以下の効果も得られる。
後述する形態7による方法では、坑壁1uの状態確認作業及び坑壁1uに対する取付部材の取付作業と、拡幅作業の前に取付部材を撤去する撤去作業と、拡幅作業と、拡幅作業を終えた坑壁部分に取付部材を取付けていく取付作業とが必要となるので、立坑1を形成するまでの作業が多くなり、作業にかかる手間、及び、当該作業にかかる時間が多くなる。
一方、本形態2では、坑壁1uの状態確認作業及び坑壁1uに対する取付部材の取付作業と、拡幅作業の前に取付部材を撤去する撤去作業と、拡幅作業とを行うことで立坑1を形成できるので、形態7による方法と比べて、拡幅作業を終えた坑壁部分に取付部材を取付けていく取付作業が不要となって、立坑1を形成するまでの作業が少なくでき、作業にかかる手間、及び、当該作業にかかる時間を少なくできる。
According to the form 2, the same effect as the form 1 is obtained, and the following effect is also obtained.
In the method according to Form 7 described later, the work for checking the state of the mine wall 1u and the work for attaching the attachment member to the mine wall 1u, the removal work for removing the attachment member before the widening work, the widening work, and the widening work were completed. Since the attachment work which attaches an attachment member to a well wall part is needed, the work until it forms the shaft 1 increases, the effort concerning work, and the time concerning the said work increase.
On the other hand, in this Embodiment 2, the shaft 1 is formed by performing the state confirmation work of the mine wall 1u, the attachment work of the attachment member to the mine wall 1u, the removal work to remove the attachment member before the widening work, and the widening work. Compared with the method according to the seventh aspect, the mounting work for attaching the mounting member to the pit wall portion that has completed the widening work is unnecessary, and the work until the shaft 1 is formed can be reduced and the work is required. Time and time required for the work can be reduced.

また、形態7では、拡幅された坑壁部分に取付部材を取付けるために、スカフォードから拡幅された坑壁部分に張り出す足場を構築しなければならず、足場構築作業が大変かつ危険である。また、作業員が張り出した足場に乗って取付作業を行わなくてはならないので、作業が困難でかつ危険である。
一方、本形態2によれば、拡幅された坑壁部分1fuに取付部材を取付ける必要がないため、足場構築作業が不要となり、拡幅された坑壁部分1fuに対する困難でかつ危険な取付部材の取付作業も不要とできるので、安全に立坑1を形成できる。
Moreover, in the form 7, in order to attach the attachment member to the widened pit wall part, it is necessary to construct a scaffold projecting from the scaffold to the widened pit wall part, and the scaffold construction work is very and dangerous. . In addition, the installation work must be carried out on the scaffolding that the worker overhangs, which makes the work difficult and dangerous.
On the other hand, according to the second embodiment, since it is not necessary to attach the attachment member to the widened pit wall portion 1fu, the scaffold construction work becomes unnecessary, and the difficult and dangerous attachment of the attachment member to the widened pit wall portion 1fu is unnecessary. Since no work is required, the shaft 1 can be formed safely.

形態2によれば、発破により削られたズリは自然落下して既存立坑1Aの下に設けられた貯鉱槽13に移動するので、ズリを狭い既存立坑1A内から坑口1tまで搬送して排出するような作業をなくすことができ、ズリの搬出作業が容易となる。形態2の場合、発破による拡幅作業を、既存立坑1Aの坑底1e側から既存立坑1Aの坑口1tに向かって順次行うので、拡幅作業を行う坑壁1uよりも坑底1e側は既に拡幅されて坑径が大きくなっており、発破により削られたズリの落下を邪魔する坑壁1uの突出部分が少ないので、ズリが貯鉱槽13までスムーズに落下する。   According to the second aspect, the scrap removed by blasting naturally falls and moves to the storage tank 13 provided under the existing shaft 1A, so that the slip is transported from the narrow existing shaft 1A to the well opening 1t and discharged. This makes it possible to eliminate the work to be performed and facilitates the work of carrying out the slipping. In the case of Form 2, since the widening work by blasting is sequentially performed from the bottom 1e side of the existing shaft 1A toward the well opening 1t of the existing shaft 1A, the bottom 1e side is already widened than the well wall 1u that performs the widening work. Since the diameter of the mine is large, and there are few protruding portions of the mine wall 1u that obstruct the fall of the smash cut by blasting, the sledge smoothly falls to the storage tank 13.

尚、形態2においては、坑径寸法1wbを、既存立坑1Aの坑口1tの坑径寸法1At(図12参照)よりも大きくしたり、あるいは、立坑1の一定の坑径寸法1wを、既存立坑1A内に投入された石灰石により削られて大きくなった既存立坑1Aの坑口1t側の坑径1Amよりも大きくすることが好ましい。このようにすれば、坑口1t側の坑径寸法が坑底1e側の坑径寸法より大きい場合に比べて、石灰石が立坑1内で詰まりにくくなるので、石灰石投入用の立坑として好ましい立坑1が得られる。   In the second embodiment, the bore diameter 1wb is made larger than the bore diameter 1At (see FIG. 12) of the well head 1t of the existing shaft 1A, or the fixed bore diameter 1w of the shaft 1 is made larger than the existing shaft 1t. It is preferable to make it larger than the diameter 1 Am on the side of the wellhead 1 t of the existing shaft 1 </ b> A that has been cut and enlarged by limestone introduced into 1 </ b> A. In this way, limestone is less likely to be clogged in the shaft 1 as compared with the case where the diameter of the shaft 1t is larger than the diameter of the bottom 1e, so that the shaft 1 preferable as a shaft for introducing limestone can be obtained. can get.

また、形態2においては、スカフォード31を既存立坑1A内で下降させながら既存立坑1A内の坑壁1uの状態確認作業及び坑壁1uに対する取付部材の取付作業を行った直後においてスカフォード31を上昇させる際に拡幅作業を行ってもよい。   Further, in the second embodiment, the scaffold 31 is moved immediately after the scaffold 31 is lowered in the existing shaft 1A and the state of the wall 1u in the existing shaft 1A is checked and the mounting member is mounted on the wall 1u. A widening operation may be performed when raising.

形態3
板状体67を、ヒンジ71を用いずにスカフォード31の外周部66に起立状態と張り出し状態とに選択固定的に取付ける起立状態取付手段及び張り出し状態取付手段を備えた構成としてもよい。例えば、板状体67と外周部66とに板状体67をボルトなどの固定手段で起立状態や張り出し状態に取付けるための構成を設ければよい。
Form 3
The plate-like body 67 may be provided with an upright state attaching means and an overhanging state attaching means for selectively fixing the plate body 67 to the outer peripheral portion 66 of the scaffold 31 in a standing state and an overhanging state without using the hinge 71. For example, the plate-like body 67 and the outer peripheral portion 66 may be provided with a configuration for attaching the plate-like body 67 to a standing state or an overhanging state by a fixing means such as a bolt.

形態4
補助板80;80は、互いに隣り合う板状体67;67の互いに隣り合う側縁81;81より隙間78の方向に進退するスライド部材により形成された構成としてもよい。
Form 4
The auxiliary plate 80; 80 may be formed by a slide member that advances and retracts in the direction of the gap 78 from the adjacent side edges 81; 81 of the plate-like bodies 67; 67 adjacent to each other.

形態5
補助板80;80を備えない構成のスカフォード31でもよい。この場合、隙間78を閉じるように互いに隣り合う板状体67;67間に、別途、足場板を掛け渡すようにすればよい。
Form 5
The scaffold 31 may be configured without the auxiliary plate 80; 80. In this case, a separate scaffold plate may be provided between the plate-like bodies 67; 67 adjacent to each other so as to close the gap 78.

形態6
立坑1の坑径寸法は一定に形成してもよい。この場合、立坑1の坑径寸法は、例えば、先行立坑1Aや既存立坑1Aのような基準立坑の杭径寸法1Aw(図7;図12参照)の2倍程度の寸法にする。この場合でも、安全対策作業を含む拡幅作業にかかる手間、及び、拡幅作業にかかる時間を少なくできる。
Form 6
The shaft diameter of the shaft 1 may be formed constant. In this case, the shaft diameter dimension of the shaft 1 is, for example, about twice the pile diameter 1Aw (see FIG. 7; FIG. 12) of the reference shaft such as the preceding shaft 1A or the existing shaft 1A. Even in this case, the labor required for the widening work including the safety work and the time required for the widening work can be reduced.

形態7
形態1乃至形態6では、立坑1を形成するための発破による拡幅作業を、基準立坑の坑底1e側から基準立坑の坑口1tに向かって順次行うことで、立坑1を形成する形態を示したが、立坑1を形成するための発破による拡幅作業を、基準立坑の坑口1t側から基準立坑の坑底1e側に向かって順次行うことで、立坑1を形成してもよい。この場合でも、基準立坑内を昇降可能なスカフォード31から基準立坑の坑壁を発破することにより基準立坑を拡幅した立坑1を形成するので、低コストで立坑1を形成でき、経済的である。
Form 7
In Form 1 to Form 6, the form in which the shaft 1 is formed by sequentially performing the widening work by blasting to form the shaft 1 from the bottom 1e side of the reference shaft toward the well opening 1t of the reference shaft is shown. However, the shaft 1 may be formed by sequentially performing the widening operation by blasting to form the shaft 1 from the well opening 1t side of the reference shaft toward the bottom 1e side of the reference shaft. Even in this case, since the shaft 1 is formed by widening the reference shaft by blasting the wall of the reference shaft from the scaffold 31 that can move up and down in the reference shaft, the shaft 1 can be formed at low cost and economical. .

また、上記では、石灰石投入用の立坑を形成する例を示したが、本発明は、鉄鉱石、亜鉛鉱石、銅鉱石などの他の鉱石投入用の立坑を形成する場合にも適用可能である。
また、本発明の立坑形成方法は、特許文献1に示すようなアクセス坑道と呼ばれる立坑を形成する場合にも適用可能である。
Moreover, although the example which forms the vertical shaft for limestone input was shown above, this invention is applicable also when forming the vertical shaft for other ore inputs, such as an iron ore, a zinc ore, and a copper ore. .
The shaft forming method of the present invention is also applicable to the case of forming a shaft called an access shaft as shown in Patent Document 1.

本発明では、作業員がスカフォード31から坑壁に対する発破による拡幅作業を行える程度(例えば2m以上)の坑径の先行立坑1Xや既存立坑1Aのような基準立坑があれば、当該基準立坑内を作業員がスカフォード31で昇降して発破による拡幅作業を行うことで、経済的に立坑1を形成できる。   In the present invention, if there is a reference shaft such as a preceding shaft 1X or an existing shaft 1A having a diameter enough to allow an operator to perform widening work by blasting from the scaffold 31 to the wall of the shaft (for example, 2 m or more), The shaft 1 can be formed economically when the worker moves up and down with the scaffold 31 and performs the widening work by blasting.

尚、本発明のスカフォード31の形状や、屋根床部85により形成された保護屋根構造を、作業床51の外周部66に固定の柵を備えたスカフォードに適用してもよいし、柵を備えない簡易なスカフォードに適用してもよい。   The shape of the scaffold 31 of the present invention and the protective roof structure formed by the roof floor portion 85 may be applied to a scaffold having a fence fixed to the outer peripheral portion 66 of the work floor 51. You may apply to the simple scaffold which does not have.

31 スカフォード(吊り足場)、85 屋根床部、100 鉄板床(床体)、
110 衝撃緩和層、120 保護層。
31 Scaffold (hanging scaffold), 85 Roof floor, 100 Iron plate floor (floor),
110 Impact relaxation layer, 120 protective layer.

Claims (3)

立坑内を昇降可能な吊り足場であって、立坑内に降りる際に先頭となる下部と立坑内から昇る際に先頭となる上部とが先細形状に形成されたことを特徴とする吊り足場。   A suspension scaffold capable of moving up and down in a vertical shaft, wherein a lower portion that becomes the top when descending into the vertical shaft and an upper portion that becomes the top when rising from within the vertical shaft are formed in a tapered shape. 上部に屋根床部を備え、屋根床部は、床体と、床体の上に設けられた衝撃緩和層と、衝撃緩和層の上に設けられた保護層とにより構成されたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の吊り足場。   A roof floor portion is provided on the upper portion, and the roof floor portion is composed of a floor body, an impact relaxation layer provided on the floor body, and a protective layer provided on the impact relaxation layer. The suspension scaffold according to claim 1. 衝撃緩和層は、立坑内の坑壁からの落石による衝撃力を緩和して圧縮力に対抗できる材料としての発泡スチロール板により形成され、保護層は、落石が発泡スチロール板を貫通しないように発泡スチロール板を保護できる材料としての芯材入りゴム板により形成されたことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の吊り足場。   The impact mitigation layer is formed of a foamed polystyrene plate as a material that can counteract the compressive force by mitigating the impact force caused by falling rocks from the wall of the shaft, and the protective layer is made of foamed polystyrene plate so that the fallen stones do not penetrate the foamed polystyrene plate. The suspension scaffold according to claim 2, wherein the suspension scaffold is formed of a rubber plate with a core material as a material that can be protected.
JP2009088134A 2009-03-31 2009-03-31 Hanging scaffold Withdrawn JP2010236328A (en)

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