JP2010228044A - Power tool - Google Patents

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JP2010228044A
JP2010228044A JP2009077710A JP2009077710A JP2010228044A JP 2010228044 A JP2010228044 A JP 2010228044A JP 2009077710 A JP2009077710 A JP 2009077710A JP 2009077710 A JP2009077710 A JP 2009077710A JP 2010228044 A JP2010228044 A JP 2010228044A
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motor
switching element
failure
power
switching
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JP5324978B2 (en
Inventor
Tatsuya Miwa
達哉 三輪
Masaki Ikeda
昌樹 池田
Atsumasa Kubota
篤優 久保田
Norihiro Iwamura
則宏 岩村
Masaaki Okada
昌彰 岡田
Naoki Tsuruta
直規 鶴田
Motoharu Muto
元治 武藤
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Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a user recognize a fault of a switching element. <P>SOLUTION: In a power tool, power is supplied to a motor M as a power source through the switching element 5 which is turned on/off by a motor control means 6. The power tool includes a determination part for determining the fault of the switching means by electric potential applied to the switching means when switched on; and an information means 7 for informing the fault by the output of the determination part. The power tool also includes a blocker for blocking a current path from a power source to the motor in accordance with the fault determination of the switching means. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、本発明は電動工具、殊にモータへの給電がスイッチング素子を介してなされている電動工具に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a power tool, and more particularly to a power tool in which power is supplied to a motor via a switching element.

図3に示すように、着脱自在な電池パック2に収納した二次電池Bを電源とし、モータMを動力源とする充電式電動工具であり、トリガースイッチ4の操作でモータMへの給電を行うものにおいて、モータMへの給電が上記トリガースイッチ4の操作に応じてオンオフされるスイッチング素子5を介してなされているものがある。   As shown in FIG. 3, the rechargeable power tool uses a secondary battery B housed in a detachable battery pack 2 as a power source and a motor M as a power source, and power is supplied to the motor M by operating a trigger switch 4. In what is performed, there is a power supply to the motor M through a switching element 5 that is turned on and off in accordance with the operation of the trigger switch 4.

図4はトリガースイッチ4におけるトリガーハンドル40の引き込み量に応じてモータMのスピードコントロールを行うものにおける回路の例を示しており、図4(a)に示すものは、トリガースイッチ4のオンオフが信号として上記スイッチング素子5の動作を制御するモータ制御手段6に送られる場合のものを、図4(b)はトリガースイッチ4がモータMへの電流経路内に機械接点として配されているものを示している。図中3は上記モータ制御手段6のための電源回路、41は上記のスピードコントロール用の可変抵抗器である。   FIG. 4 shows an example of a circuit in which the speed of the motor M is controlled according to the amount of pulling of the trigger handle 40 in the trigger switch 4. FIG. 4 (a) shows that the on / off of the trigger switch 4 is a signal. 4 (b) shows that the trigger switch 4 is arranged as a mechanical contact in the current path to the motor M. FIG. 4 (b) shows the case where the trigger switch 4 is sent to the motor control means 6 for controlling the operation of the switching element 5. ing. In the figure, 3 is a power supply circuit for the motor control means 6, and 41 is the variable resistor for speed control.

特開2000−326264号公報JP 2000-326264 A

上記のような充電式電動工具において、スイッチング素子5が故障してしまった場合、使用者に危険を及ぼす場合がある。例えば、スイッチング素子5が図示例のようにFETである場合、開放で破損したときは電池からモータに供給される電流経路が断たれてモータは回転しないために安全方向の破損だが、短絡で破損したときは使用者がモータ回転のスピードコントロールを所望しても常にフル回転でモータが回転することになり、使用者にとっては危険方向の破損となる。また、スピードコントロールが効かない状態となっていることを使用者がただちに認識できておればまだよいが、認識できていない場合がある虞が高く、この点において特に危険である。   In the rechargeable electric tool as described above, if the switching element 5 breaks down, there is a possibility that it may be dangerous for the user. For example, when the switching element 5 is an FET as shown in the figure, if it breaks due to opening, the current path supplied from the battery to the motor is cut off and the motor does not rotate, but it is damaged in the safety direction, but it is damaged by short circuit. In such a case, even if the user desires speed control of the motor rotation, the motor always rotates at full rotation, which is dangerous for the user. In addition, it is sufficient that the user can immediately recognize that the speed control is ineffective, but there is a high possibility that the user may not be able to recognize it, and this is particularly dangerous.

また、図4(a)に示すものでは、使用者がトリガースイッチ4をオフとしてもモータが回転し続けてしまう経路が成立してしまい、なお危険方向の破損となる。   Further, in the case shown in FIG. 4 (a), even if the user turns off the trigger switch 4, a path is established in which the motor continues to rotate, and the danger is still broken.

本発明はこのような点に鑑みなされたものであって、スイッチング素子の故障を使用者に認識させることができる充電式電動工具を提供することを課題とするものであり、またモータの回転を停止させることができない危険性を排除することができる電動工具を提供することを課題とするものである。   This invention is made in view of such a point, Comprising: It aims at providing the rechargeable electric tool which can make a user recognize the failure of a switching element, and also makes rotation of a motor into a subject. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric tool that can eliminate the danger that it cannot be stopped.

本発明は、モータ制御手段によってオンオフされるスイッチング素子を通じて動力源としてのモータに電力供給がなされる電動工具において、スイッチオン時にスイッチング手段に印加される電位から上記スイッチング手段の故障を判断する判断部を備えるとともに、該判断部の出力で故障報知を行う報知手段を備えていることに特徴を有している。スイッチング素子が短絡破損してモータがフル回転の状態となっても、使用者は故障報知がなされるために、故障状態にあることを認識することができる。   The present invention relates to a determination unit that determines a failure of the switching means from a potential applied to the switching means when the switch is turned on in an electric tool that supplies power to a motor as a power source through a switching element that is turned on and off by the motor control means. And a notification means for performing a failure notification by the output of the determination unit. Even if the switching element is short-circuited and broken and the motor is in a full rotation state, the user is able to recognize that it is in a failure state because the failure notification is made.

また、スイッチング手段の故障判断に伴って電源からモータへの電流経路を遮断する遮断装置を備えておれば、スイッチング素子が短絡破損しても遮断装置による遮断によってモータを停止させることができるために、より安全なものとなる。   In addition, if a switching device that cuts off the current path from the power source to the motor when a failure is detected in the switching means, the motor can be stopped by the blocking device even if the switching element is short-circuited. To be safer.

更にスイッチオン時にスイッチング手段に印加される電位から上記スイッチング手段の故障を判断する判断部を故障報知のための判断部とは別に備えて、後者の判断部の出力で電源遮断装置に遮断動作を行わせる遮断制御装置を備えていると、スイッチング素子の動作制御用のモータ制御回路が故障していても、故障時における遮断動作が確実になされるために、安全性が向上する。   Further, a judgment unit for judging the failure of the switching means from the potential applied to the switching means when the switch is turned on is provided separately from the judgment unit for notifying the failure, and the power shut-off device is cut off by the output of the latter judgment unit. When the shut-off control device to be performed is provided, even if the motor control circuit for controlling the operation of the switching element is faulty, the shut-off operation is reliably performed at the time of the fault, so that safety is improved.

本発明においては、スイッチング素子の破損が短絡破損であって、モータがフル回転の状態となっても、使用者は故障報知がなされるために、フル回転状態にあることに気付かずに危険な状態に陥ってしまうことがないものである。   In the present invention, even if the breakage of the switching element is a short-circuit breakage and the motor is in a full rotation state, the user is informed of the failure, and is dangerous without noticing that it is in the full rotation state. It does not fall into a state.

(a)(b)は夫々本発明の実施の形態の一例のブロック回路図である。(a) (b) is a block circuit diagram of an example of an embodiment of the present invention, respectively. (a)(b)は夫々本発明の他の実施の形態の一例のブロック回路図である。(a) and (b) are block circuit diagrams of examples of other embodiments of the present invention, respectively. 充電電動工具の概略図である。It is the schematic of a charge electric tool. (a)(b)は共に従来例のブロック回路図である。(a) (b) is a block circuit diagram of a prior art example.

本発明を実施の形態の一例に基づいて詳述すると、図1は主要構成が上記従来例と同じものにおいて、故障検出機能を搭載したものを示しており、図1(a)は上記図4(a)に示したものと同様に、トリガースイッチ4のオンオフが信号として上記スイッチング素子5の動作を制御するモータ制御手段6に送られる場合のものを、図1(b)は図4(b)に示したものと同様にトリガースイッチ4がモータMへの電流経路内に機械接点として配されているものを示している。   The present invention will be described in detail on the basis of an example of the embodiment. FIG. 1 shows a main configuration which is the same as that of the above-described conventional example and has a failure detection function. FIG. Similar to that shown in FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B shows the case where the on / off state of the trigger switch 4 is sent as a signal to the motor control means 6 for controlling the operation of the switching element 5. FIG. The trigger switch 4 is arranged as a mechanical contact in the current path to the motor M in the same manner as shown in FIG.

上記故障検出は、図中FETで示したスイッチング素子5のドレインの電位Dv(図中A)をモータ制御手段6で検出することで行い、故障であることを検出したならば、モータ制御手段6は報知手段としての警告LED7に故障表示を行わせる。   The failure detection is performed by detecting the drain potential Dv (A in the figure) of the switching element 5 indicated by FET in the figure by the motor control means 6. If the failure is detected, the motor control means 6 Causes the warning LED 7 as a notification means to display a failure.

モータMは10Ω程度の巻線であるために、スイッチング素子5が短絡故障していない場合、スイッチング素子5のドレインの電位Dvは、図1(a)の場合であると電池バック2の装着時に、図1(b)の場合であるとトリガスイッチ4をオンした瞬間に、ほぼ電池電圧が印加されることになる。   Since the motor M has a winding of about 10Ω, when the switching element 5 is not short-circuited, the drain potential Dv of the switching element 5 is as shown in FIG. In the case of FIG. 1B, almost the battery voltage is applied at the moment when the trigger switch 4 is turned on.

しかし、スイッチング素子5が短絡破損している場合は、スイッチング素子5のドレインにはほぼGND電位(0V)が印加されることになる。   However, when the switching element 5 is damaged by a short circuit, the GND potential (0 V) is applied to the drain of the switching element 5.

従って、スイッチング素子5のドレインの電位Dvがほぼ電池電圧の場合は正常として、トリガスイッチ4のオンに応じてトリガハンドル40の引き込み量に合わせてスイッチング素子5に対してスピードコントロール、フル回転などのモータ駆動信号を出力する。   Therefore, when the potential Dv of the drain of the switching element 5 is substantially a battery voltage, it is assumed that the switching element 5 is in normal operation, and the switching speed of the switching element 5 is adjusted according to the pulling amount of the trigger handle 40 when the trigger switch 4 is turned on. Outputs the motor drive signal.

しかし、スイッチング素子5のドレインの電位DvがほぼGND電位のときは、故障状態ということで警告LED7に表示させ、使用者に報知するのである。ここで、ほぼGND電位ということについては、図1(a)に示すものであるとモータMが駆動して10A程度の電流が流れてしまうので、配線抵抗分を加味して、例えば0〜0.5Vまでといった範囲を設定するのが望ましい。   However, when the potential Dv of the drain of the switching element 5 is almost the GND potential, it is displayed on the warning LED 7 because of a failure state, and is notified to the user. Here, about the GND potential, the motor M is driven and a current of about 10 A flows in the case shown in FIG. 1A. Therefore, for example, 0 to 0 in consideration of the wiring resistance. It is desirable to set a range up to .5V.

警告LED7による故障の表示方法としては、「正常時消灯/故障時点灯」、「正常時消灯/故障時点滅」、「正常時点灯/故障時消灯」など、いろいろ組み合わせがあるが、充電式電動工具の場合、電池容量の消費低減のためにも正常時は消灯、故障時に点灯もしくは点滅させるのが望ましい。また、警告LED7による故障報知に限るものではなく、たとえばブザーを用いて知らせるものであってもよい。   There are various combinations of failure LED display methods, such as “Turn off during normal operation / Turn on during failure”, “Turn off during normal operation / Blinking during failure”, and “Turn on normal / Turn off during failure”. In the case of a tool, it is desirable to turn off the lamp when it is normal and turn it on or blink when it is out of order to reduce battery capacity. Moreover, it is not restricted to the failure notification by warning LED7, For example, you may notify using a buzzer.

ところで、スイッチング素子5が短絡破損した場合、図1(b)に示すものでは、使用者がトリガハンドル40から指を離せば、機械的接点であるトリガスイッチ4がオフとなってモータMへの電流供給経路が断たれてモータMが停止し、使用者の安全を確保することができるのに対して、図1(a)に示すものでは、使用者がトリガハンドル40から指を離してトリガスイッチ4をオフとしても、モータMへの電流経路が断たれずにモータMは回転し続ける。この時は警告表示がなされているために故障が生じていることを使用者は把握できているものの、使用者にしてみれば危険な状態を完全に回避できていないことになる。   By the way, when the switching element 5 is short-circuit damaged, in the case shown in FIG. 1B, when the user removes his / her finger from the trigger handle 40, the trigger switch 4 which is a mechanical contact is turned off and the motor M is turned off. While the current supply path is cut off and the motor M is stopped, and the safety of the user can be ensured, in the case shown in FIG. 1 (a), the user releases the trigger handle 40 and triggers. Even when the switch 4 is turned off, the current path to the motor M is not interrupted and the motor M continues to rotate. At this time, since the warning is displayed, the user can grasp that a failure has occurred, but the dangerous state cannot be completely avoided for the user.

この点に関しては、図2に示すように、二次電池BからモータMへ電流を供給する経路中に、遮断制御手段8によって遮断動作がなされる遮断装置9を挿入することで解決することができる。なお、スイッチング素子5が短絡破損した影響でモータ制御手段6が異常になったり、モータ制御手段6が異常となったためにスイッチング素子5が短絡破損した場合などを考慮すると、仮に遮断制御手段8がモータ制御手段6に内包されていた場合は遮断装置9をオフとする遮断動作を完遂することができない虞が存在する。   This problem can be solved by inserting a shut-off device 9 that is shut off by the shut-off control means 8 in the path for supplying current from the secondary battery B to the motor M, as shown in FIG. it can. In consideration of the case where the motor control means 6 becomes abnormal due to the influence of the short circuit breakage of the switching element 5 or the case where the switching element 5 is short circuit broken because the motor control means 6 becomes abnormal, the interruption control means 8 is assumed to be If it is included in the motor control means 6, there is a possibility that the shut-off operation for turning off the shut-off device 9 cannot be completed.

このために安全確保の点からは、遮断制御手段8とモータ制御手段6とは分離して設置しておくことが望ましく、このために図示例では遮断制御手段8もスイッチング素子5のドレインの電位Dvを直接監視してスイッチング素子5に破損が生じたかどうかを判断することができるようにしており、トリガスイッチ4が図2(a)に示すものである場合、遮断制御手段8は電池パック2が装着されている時、トリガスイッチ4がオンしていないにもかかわらず、スイッチング素子5のドレインの電位DvがほぼGND電池のとき、スイッチング素子5が短絡破損しているとみなして遮断装置9を遮断する信号を出力し、モータMへの電力供給ができないようにする。トリガスイッチ4が図2(b)に示すものであるときは、トリガスイッチ4がオンした瞬間に、既にスイッチング素子5のドレインの電位DvがほぼGND電位の場合、遮断装置9に遮断動作を行わせてモータMへの電流供給を止める。この時、モータ制御装置6が正常であるならば、前述のようにモータ制御装置6は警告LED7で故障表示を行う。   For this reason, from the viewpoint of ensuring safety, it is desirable that the shutoff control means 8 and the motor control means 6 be installed separately. For this reason, in the illustrated example, the shutoff control means 8 is also connected to the drain potential of the switching element 5. When Dv is directly monitored to determine whether or not the switching element 5 has been damaged, and when the trigger switch 4 is as shown in FIG. Is attached, the trigger switch 4 is not turned on, but when the potential Dv of the drain of the switching element 5 is almost a GND battery, it is considered that the switching element 5 is short-circuited and broken. Is output so that the motor M cannot be supplied with power. When the trigger switch 4 is the one shown in FIG. 2B, when the trigger switch 4 is turned on and the potential Dv of the drain of the switching element 5 is already almost the GND potential, the cutoff device 9 is shut off. At this time, the current supply to the motor M is stopped. At this time, if the motor control device 6 is normal, the motor control device 6 displays a failure with the warning LED 7 as described above.

スイッチング素子5の破損が短絡であっても、モータMがフル回転で回転し続けるという事態を招くことがなく、従って使用者の安全をより確実に確保することができる。   Even if the breakage of the switching element 5 is a short circuit, the situation in which the motor M continues to rotate at full rotation is not caused, and therefore the safety of the user can be ensured more reliably.

遮断制御手段8の出力で遮断動作を行う常閉型の遮断装置9としては、スイッチング素子5よりも電流・電力定格が大きいFET、リレーなどが好適である。   As the normally closed type cutoff device 9 that performs the cutoff operation with the output of the cutoff control means 8, an FET, a relay, or the like having a higher current / power rating than the switching element 5 is suitable.

B 二次電池
M モータ
5 スイッチング素子
6 モータ制御手段
7 警告LED
8 遮断制御装置
9 遮断装置
B Secondary battery M Motor 5 Switching element 6 Motor control means 7 Warning LED
8 Shutdown control device 9 Shutdown device

Claims (3)

モータ制御手段によってオンオフされるスイッチング素子を通じて動力源としてのモータに電力供給がなされる電動工具において、スイッチオン時にスイッチング手段に印加される電位から上記スイッチング手段の故障を判断する判断部を備えるとともに、該判断部の出力で故障報知を行う報知手段を備えていることを特徴とする電動工具。   In an electric tool that supplies power to a motor as a power source through a switching element that is turned on and off by a motor control unit, the power tool includes a determination unit that determines a failure of the switching unit from a potential applied to the switching unit when the switch is turned on. An electric tool characterized by comprising an informing means for informing a failure by the output of the judging section. スイッチング手段の故障判断に伴って電源からモータへの電流経路を遮断する遮断装置を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の電動工具。   2. The electric tool according to claim 1, further comprising a shut-off device that cuts off a current path from the power source to the motor in accordance with a failure judgment of the switching means. スイッチオン時にスイッチング手段に印加される電位から上記スイッチング手段の故障を判断する判断部を故障報知のための判断部とは別に備えて、後者の判断部の出力で電源遮断装置に遮断動作を行わせる遮断制御装置を備えていることを特徴とする請求項2記載の電動工具。   A judgment unit for judging the failure of the switching means from the potential applied to the switching means when the switch is turned on is provided separately from the judgment unit for reporting the failure, and the power shut-off device is shut off by the output of the latter judgment unit. The power tool according to claim 2, further comprising a shut-off control device.
JP2009077710A 2009-03-26 2009-03-26 Electric tool Active JP5324978B2 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JP2017030113A (en) * 2015-08-04 2017-02-09 パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 Adapter and power tool

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