JP2010203799A - Target tracking system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a target tracking system whose tracking stability is enhanced, even when the intersection angles between a target and a plurality of n-dimensional angle sensors are small. <P>SOLUTION: In calculating an initial value when target tracking retaining processing is started, first tracking retaining processing by the use of a hypothetical distance to the target, and second tracking retaining processing by the use of a distance calculated by a method of intersection and resection, are performed side by side. While acquiring target wakes by the respective processings, posterior probabilities for the respective target wakes are calculated, and by successively acquiring an integrated wake by selecting/integrating the two target wakes based on these posterior probabilities, tracking of the target is retained. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a target tracking device that integrates n-dimensional angle information from a plurality of angle sensors and performs target n + 1-dimensional tracking.

  FIG. 20 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a conventional target tracking device. The target tracking device illustrated in FIG. 20 is an example including two n-dimensional (n is 1 or 2) angle sensors, and the first n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (# 1) configured identically. , And the second n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (# 2), the first angle tracking unit 2 (# 1), the second angle tracking unit 2 (# 2), the wake integration unit 3, The first track display unit 4 (# 1) and the second track display unit 4 (# 2).

  The first n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (# 1) and the second n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (# 2) acquire angle information of the detected target and respectively correspond to the angle tracking unit 2 (# 1) or 2 (# 2), and to the track integration unit 3. The first angle tracking unit 2 (# 1) and the second angle tracking unit 2 (# 2) are based on the angle information from the n-dimensional angle sensor 1 corresponding to the first angle tracking unit 2 (# 1). # 1) shows the angle wake z (k, 1) consisting of the target angle and angular velocity and its error covariance matrix Pz (k, 1), and the second angle tracking unit 2 (# 2) The angle wake z (k, 2) composed of the angle and the angular velocity and its error covariance matrix Pz (k, 2) are calculated and sent to the wake integration unit 3.

  The track integration unit 3 integrates and tracks tracks for the same target from the calculation results of the two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2). Here, the wake integration unit 3 includes a correlation unit 31, a distance / distance change rate calculation unit 32, an n + 1-dimensional wake initial value calculation unit 33, and a wake maintenance unit 34. The correlation unit 31 associates the angle tracks from the two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2) so as to make a pair for each identical target. The distance / distance change rate calculation unit 32 is based on these angle tracks, and the distance and the change in distance from each of the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2) to the same target by the method of the intersection method. Calculate the rate. The n + 1-dimensional wake initial value calculation unit 33 is based on the calculation result of the distance / distance change rate calculation unit 32, and becomes an initial value necessary for tracking the target in the subsequent wake maintenance unit 34. Calculate the error covariance matrix as the wake and its error estimator. The wake maintenance unit 34 performs the tracking maintenance process using these calculation results as initial values, and continuously acquires the wake.

The tracking maintenance process in the wake keeping unit 34 can be calculated by, for example, an extended Kalman filter or the like for the target motion model shown in Expression (1) and the target observation model shown in Expression (2).

Here, x (k) is the target of the state vector at the measurement time _{t k, F (k, k} -1) and G (k, k-1), the transition matrix in _{t k} from the observation time _{t k-1} And the driving matrix, w (k−1) is the mean 0 at the observation time t _k−1, the system noise vector according to the normal distribution of the covariance matrix Q (k−1), and y (k, i) is the observation time t observation vector of n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (#i) in _k, h (·) is the observation function, v of (k, i) is the average of the observation time _{t k} 0, the covariance matrix R (k, i) This is an observation noise vector according to a normal distribution.

Moreover, when the track maintenance part 34 is comprised with an extended Kalman filter, the prediction process shown to Formula (3)-Formula (4) and the smoothing process shown to Formula (5)-Formula (9) are implemented.

Here, x ^ (k | k- 1) and P (k | k-1) is the prediction error covariance matrix and the prediction vector at the measurement time _{t k, S (k),} d (k) and K (k ) Is the residual covariance matrix at the observation time t _k , Mahalanobis distance and Kalman gain matrix, and x ^ (k | k) and P (k | k) are the smoothing vector and smoothing error covariance matrix at the observation time t _k . It is. A ^T is a transposition of a vector or matrix A, A ⁻¹ is an inverse matrix of the matrix A, and I is a unit matrix.

When the n-dimensional angle sensor 1 outputs only the azimuth angle and the wake keeping unit 34 keeps the two-dimensional wake, the vectors and matrices are expressed by the following equations (10) to (16).

Here, p _x (k) and p _y (k) are target x-axis and y-axis position components, and v _x (k) and v _y (k) are target x-axis and y-axis velocity components. , Σ _x (k) and σ _y (k) are standard deviations of the target x-axis and y-axis system noise, and θ (k, i) is the observation of the azimuth angle of the n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (#i). The values p _x (i) and p _y (i) are the x-axis and y-axis position components of the n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (#i), and σ _θ (k, i) is the n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (# the standard deviation of the observed noise of the azimuth angle of i), it is (all values in the observation time t _k). Also, _{I n} is a unit matrix of n rows and n columns, _{O n} denotes a zero matrix of n rows and n columns.

  The first wake display unit 4 (# 1) and the second wake display unit 4 (# 2) indicate the target wake acquired by the wake integration unit 3 using two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 Display corresponding to each of (# 2).

  Next, the operation of the conventional target tracking device illustrated in FIG. 20 will be described focusing on the processing flow in the wake integration unit 3. FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process flow of the wake integration unit 3. First, the wake integration unit 3 receives a new target angle wake from the two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2), that is, an angle wake for which the initial value of the wake has not been calculated (N in ST601). The correlation unit 31 inputs these angle tracks (ST602), and then performs a series of initial value calculation processes necessary for the tracking maintenance process (ST603).

  That is, the correlation unit 31 performs the correlation process for determining which pair of angle tracks from the two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2) is the same target (ST607). When there is a pair of angle wakes determined to be the target (Y in ST608), the distance / distance change rate calculation unit 32 uses each of the n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (#) using the intersection method based on these angle wakes. The distance from 1) and 1 (# 2) to the target and the distance change rate are calculated (ST609). Further, based on the calculation result, the n + 1-dimensional wake initial value calculation unit 33 uses the target n + 1-dimensional wake as an initial value of the tracking maintenance process in the subsequent wake maintenance unit 34 and an error as an error evaluation amount thereof. A covariance matrix is calculated to prepare for the start of tracking of this target (ST610).

  Next, if it is determined again in step ST601 that the initial value of the target track has been calculated (Y in ST601), then, to move to target tracking based on the calculated initial value, In the track maintenance unit 34, angle information detected by the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2) is directly input (ST604), tracking maintenance processing is started, and the target n + 1-dimensional track is detected. Acquisition continues (ST605). Then, the result is displayed on the two track display units 4 (# 1) and 4 (# 2) in correspondence with the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2), respectively.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-142325 (page 28, FIG. 4)

S. S. Blackman, “Multitarget-Multisensor Tracking Advanced Applications” Arttech House, Chapter 6, pp. 212-214, Jan. 1989 N. Peach, “Bearings-only tracking using a set of range-parameterized extended Kalman filters”, IEEE Proc-Control Theory Appl. , Vol 142, no. 1, pp. 73-80, Jan. 1995 Masayoshi System, Shingo Shindo, Yoshio Komine, “Tracking 3D Motion Targets with Multiple Passive Sensors Using Extended Kalman Filter,” Theory of Science (B), vol. J82-B, no. 5, pp. 1063-1072, May 1999

  As described above, in the conventional target tracking device, the distance from each angle sensor to the target and the rate of change in distance are calculated from the pair of angle tracks acquired by the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 by the intersection method, and these distances are calculated. Then, based on the distance change rate and the angle wake, calculate the n + 1 dimensional wake composed of the position and velocity of the target in the n + 1 dimensional space and its error covariance matrix. It has moved to processing.

  By the way, when calculating the distance from each angle sensor to the target by the intersection method, an error with respect to the calculated distance is an intersection angle (0 ° to 90 °) formed by a pair of angle tracks acquired by the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1. In general). For this reason, when the intersection angle is small, the distance from the target includes a large error, and the initial value of the tracking maintenance process such as the position and speed of the target in the n + 1-dimensional space calculated using these is also used. , The effect of that error. However, in the extended Kalman filter, there is a case where the estimated value does not converge when the initial value is significantly different from the true value. As a result, when the intersection angle is small, the initial value of the tracking maintenance process is greatly deviated from the true value, the estimated value becomes difficult to converge in the tracking maintenance process by the extended Kalman filter, and normal tracking maintenance becomes difficult. There was a problem of low stability.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a target tracking device that improves tracking stability even when the intersection angle between a plurality of n-dimensional angle sensors and a target is small. Objective.

  In order to achieve the above object, a target tracking device according to a first aspect of the present invention provides n-dimensional (n is 1 or 2) angle information of a plurality of targets detected by a plurality of angle sensors having different positions for each target. Based on the correlation means for making a pair with each other, angle information related to the same target by the correlation means, and m hypothetical distances (m is 1 or more) set for the target, A first initial value calculating means for calculating m n + 1 dimensional tracks consisting of the position and velocity of the target in the n + 1 dimensional space and its error evaluation amount, and m calculated by the first initial value calculating means. Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors, the n + 1-dimensional track and its error evaluation amount are used as initial values to reflect the new angle information. dimension A first tracking maintaining unit that updates the trace and its error evaluation amount, and performs n + 1-dimensional tracking of the target, angle information associated with the same target by the correlation unit, and a pair of these angle information Based on each of the plurality of angle sensors calculated based on the intersection method and the distance to the target, a second n + 1-dimensional track including the position and speed of the target in the n + 1-dimensional space and its error evaluation amount are calculated. The initial value calculation means, the n + 1-dimensional wake calculated by the second initial value calculation means and the error evaluation amount thereof are used as initial values, and new angle information for the target is obtained by any of the plurality of angle sensors. Each time it is acquired, the new tracking information is reflected to update the (n + 1) -dimensional track and its error evaluation amount, and the second tracking maintaining means for performing the (n + 1) -dimensional tracking of the target; N + 1 of the target calculated by each of the tracking maintenance means, the posterior probability calculation means for calculating the posterior probability of the second tracking maintenance means, the first tracking maintenance means, and the second tracking maintenance means A target track integration unit that integrates the dimension track, and the target track integration unit maintains each tracking based on the posterior probabilities of the first and second tracking maintaining units calculated by the posterior probability calculating unit. The n + 1-dimensional track of the target calculated by the means is integrated.

  In the target tracking device of the second invention, n-dimensional (n is 1 or 2) angle information of a plurality of targets detected by a plurality of angle sensors with different positions is paired for each same target. Based on the correlation means to be associated, the angle information related to the same target by the correlation means, and m (m is 1 or more) hypothetical distances set for this target, the n + 1 dimensional space of this target A first initial value calculating means for calculating m n + 1 dimensional tracks consisting of positions and velocities and error evaluation quantities thereof, and m n + 1 dimensional wakes calculated by the first initial value calculating means; Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors with the error evaluation amount as an initial value, the new angle information is reflected to evaluate the n + 1-dimensional track and its error evaluation. amount The first tracking maintaining means for performing n + 1-dimensional tracking of the target, angle information associated with the same target by the correlation means, and a calculation based on the association method using a pair of these angle information A second initial value calculating means for calculating an n + 1 dimensional track composed of a position and a velocity in the n + 1 dimensional space of the target and an error evaluation amount thereof based on each of the plurality of angle sensors and the distance to the target; Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors, with the n + 1-dimensional wake calculated by the second initial value calculation means and its error evaluation amount as initial values, Reflecting this new angle information, the n + 1 dimensional track and its error evaluation amount are updated, second tracking maintaining means for performing the target n + 1 dimensional tracking, the plurality of angle sensors, and the eye Tracking preselection means for selectively operating either the first tracking maintenance means or the second tracking maintenance means based on the meeting angle with the tracking preselection means, wherein the tracking preselection means has the intersection angle If it is less than a predetermined threshold value, the first tracking maintaining means is operated, the target n + 1-dimensional wake calculated by the first tracking maintaining means is adopted, and the intersection angle is the predetermined tracking angle. When the threshold value is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the second tracking maintaining means is operated, and the target n + 1-dimensional track calculated by the second tracking maintaining means is employed.

  In the target tracking device of the third invention, n-dimensional (n is 1 or 2) angle information of a plurality of targets detected by a plurality of angle sensors with different positions is paired for each same target. Based on the correlation means to be associated, the angle information related to the same target by the correlation means, and m (m is 1 or more) hypothetical distances set for this target, the n + 1 dimensional space of this target A first initial value calculating means for calculating m n + 1 dimensional tracks consisting of positions and velocities and error evaluation quantities thereof, and m n + 1 dimensional wakes calculated by the first initial value calculating means; Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors with the error evaluation amount as an initial value, the new angle information is reflected to evaluate the n + 1-dimensional track and its error evaluation. amount The first tracking maintaining means for performing n + 1-dimensional tracking of the target, angle information associated with the same target by the correlation means, and a calculation based on the association method using a pair of these angle information A second initial value calculating means for calculating an n + 1 dimensional track composed of a position and a velocity in the n + 1 dimensional space of the target and an error evaluation amount thereof based on each of the plurality of angle sensors and the distance to the target; Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors, with the n + 1-dimensional wake calculated by the second initial value calculation means and its error evaluation amount as initial values, Reflecting the new angle information, the n + 1-dimensional track and its error evaluation amount are updated, the second tracking maintaining means for performing the target n + 1-dimensional tracking, the first tracking maintaining means, and The posterior probability calculating means for calculating the posterior probability of the second tracking maintaining means, the first tracking maintaining means, and the second tracking maintaining means based on the posterior probability from the posterior probability calculating means. Target track integration means for integrating the n + 1-dimensional tracks of the target calculated by each of them, and the first tracking maintenance means or the second tracking maintenance means based on the intersection angle of the plurality of angle sensors and the target Tracking pre-selection means for selecting and operating either one or both, and the tracking pre-selection means, when the intersection angle is less than a first threshold, the first tracking maintenance means And the target n + 1-dimensional wake calculated by the first tracking maintaining means is employed, and the intersection angle is equal to or greater than a first threshold value and a second threshold value (second threshold value). Value> first threshold If the value is less than (value), both the first tracking maintenance means and the second tracking maintenance means are operated, and the target n + 1-dimensional wake integrated by the target wake integration means is adopted, When the intersection angle is equal to or greater than the second threshold value, the second tracking maintaining means is operated, and the target n + 1-dimensional track calculated by the second tracking maintaining means is employed. And

  The target tracking device according to the fourth aspect of the invention is configured to make a pair of n-dimensional (n is 1 or 2) angle information of a plurality of targets detected by a plurality of angle sensors having different positions for each same target. Based on the correlation means to be associated, the angle information related to the same target by the correlation means, and m (m is 1 or more) hypothetical distances set for this target, the n + 1 dimensional space of this target A first initial value calculating means for calculating m n + 1 dimensional tracks consisting of positions and velocities and error evaluation quantities thereof, and m n + 1 dimensional wakes calculated by the first initial value calculating means; Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors with the error evaluation amount as an initial value, the new angle information is reflected to evaluate the n + 1-dimensional track and its error evaluation. amount The first tracking maintaining means for performing n + 1-dimensional tracking of the target, angle information associated with the same target by the correlation means, and a calculation based on the association method using a pair of these angle information A second initial value calculating means for calculating an n + 1 dimensional track composed of a position and a velocity in the n + 1 dimensional space of the target and an error evaluation amount thereof based on each of the plurality of angle sensors and the distance to the target; Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors, with the n + 1-dimensional wake calculated by the second initial value calculation means and its error evaluation amount as initial values, Reflecting the new angle information, the n + 1-dimensional track and its error evaluation amount are updated, the second tracking maintaining means for performing the target n + 1-dimensional tracking, the first tracking maintaining means, and The posterior probability calculating means for calculating the posterior probability of the second tracking maintaining means, the first tracking maintaining means, and the second tracking maintaining means based on the posterior probability from the posterior probability calculating means. Target track integration means for integrating the n + 1-dimensional tracks of the target calculated by each of the above, and the first tracking maintenance means, the second tracking maintenance means based on the posterior probability from the posterior probability calculation means, or Tracking post-selection means that selects and employs the target n + 1-dimensional track calculated by any of the target track integration means, and the tracking post-selection means until the predetermined number of observations or observation time elapses. Adopts the n + 1 dimensional track of the target integrated by the target track integration means, and then calculates the first time calculated when the predetermined number of observations or observation time has elapsed. By referring to the posterior probabilities of the tracking maintenance means and the second tracking maintenance means, the target n + 1-dimensional wake calculated by any one of the tracking maintenance means having a high value is adopted.

  In the target tracking device of the fifth invention, n-dimensional (n is 1 or 2) angle information of a plurality of targets detected by a plurality of angle sensors having different positions is paired for each same target. Based on the correlation means to be associated, the angle information related to the same target by the correlation means, and m (m is 1 or more) hypothetical distances set for this target, the n + 1 dimensional space of this target A first initial value calculating means for calculating m n + 1 dimensional tracks consisting of positions and velocities and error evaluation quantities thereof, and m n + 1 dimensional wakes calculated by the first initial value calculating means; Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors with the error evaluation amount as an initial value, the new angle information is reflected to evaluate the n + 1-dimensional track and its error evaluation. amount The first tracking maintaining means for performing n + 1-dimensional tracking of the target, angle information associated with the same target by the correlation means, and a calculation based on the association method using a pair of these angle information A second initial value calculating means for calculating an n + 1 dimensional track composed of a position and a velocity in the n + 1 dimensional space of the target and an error evaluation amount thereof based on each of the plurality of angle sensors and the distance to the target; Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors, with the n + 1-dimensional wake calculated by the second initial value calculation means and its error evaluation amount as initial values, Reflecting the new angle information, the n + 1-dimensional track and its error evaluation amount are updated, the second tracking maintaining means for performing the target n + 1-dimensional tracking, the first tracking maintaining means, and The posterior probability calculating means for calculating the posterior probability of the second tracking maintaining means, the first tracking maintaining means, and the second tracking maintaining means based on the posterior probability from the posterior probability calculating means. Target track integration means for integrating the n + 1-dimensional tracks of the target calculated by each of them, and the first tracking maintenance means or the second tracking maintenance means based on the intersection angle of the plurality of angle sensors and the target Tracking pre-selection means for selecting and operating either one or both, and the first tracking maintenance means, the second tracking maintenance means, or the target based on the posterior probability from the posterior probability calculation means Tracking post-selection means that selects and employs the target n + 1-dimensional track calculated by any of the track integration means, and the tracking post-selection means includes a predetermined number of observations or observation time. Until the time elapses, the n + 1-dimensional track of the target integrated by the target track integration unit is adopted, and thereafter, the first tracking maintaining unit calculated when the predetermined number of observations or observation time has elapsed. And the a posteriori probability of the second tracking maintaining means, the n + 1-dimensional track of the target calculated by any one of the tracking maintaining means having a high value is adopted, and the tracking pre-selecting means has the intersection angle Is less than the first threshold value, the first tracking maintaining means is operated, and the target n + 1-dimensional wake calculated by the first tracking maintaining means is adopted, and the intersection angle is The first tracking maintaining means and the second tracking maintaining means when the threshold value is not less than the first threshold value and less than the second threshold value (second threshold value> first threshold value). While operating both When the target n + 1-dimensional track by the tracking post-selection means is adopted and the intersection angle is equal to or larger than a second threshold value, the second tracking maintenance means is operated and the second tracking maintenance is performed. The target n + 1-dimensional wake calculated by the means is adopted.

  According to the present invention, a target tracking device having good tracking stability can be obtained even when the intersection angle is small.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the 1st Example of the target tracking apparatus which concerns on this invention. The flowchart of the 1st part for demonstrating operation | movement of the target tracking apparatus illustrated in FIG. The flowchart of the 2nd part for demonstrating operation | movement of the target tracking apparatus illustrated in FIG. Explanatory drawing which models and models the operation timing of the main part in the wake integration part 3a along time passage. The block diagram which shows the structure of the modification of the target tracking apparatus of FIG. The block diagram which shows the structure of the 2nd Example of the target tracking apparatus which concerns on this invention. The flowchart of the 1st part for demonstrating operation | movement of the target tracking apparatus illustrated in FIG. The flowchart of the 2nd part for demonstrating operation | movement of the target tracking apparatus illustrated in FIG. Explanatory drawing which models the operation timing of the main part in the wake integration part 3b as time progresses. The block diagram which shows the structure of the 3rd Example of the target tracking apparatus which concerns on this invention. The flowchart of the 1st part for demonstrating operation | movement of the target tracking apparatus illustrated in FIG. FIG. 11 is a second part flowchart for explaining the operation of the target tracking device illustrated in FIG. 10; FIG. The block diagram which shows the structure of the 4th Example of the target tracking apparatus which concerns on this invention. 14 is a first part flowchart for explaining the operation of the target tracking device illustrated in FIG. 13; FIG. 14 is a second part flowchart for explaining the operation of the target tracking device illustrated in FIG. 13. FIG. Explanatory drawing which models and models the operation timing of the main part in the wake integration part 3d along time passage. The block diagram which shows the structure of the 5th Example of the target tracking apparatus which concerns on this invention. The flowchart of the 1st part for demonstrating operation | movement of the target tracking apparatus illustrated in FIG. The flowchart of the 2nd part for demonstrating operation | movement of the target tracking apparatus illustrated in FIG. The block diagram which shows an example of a structure of the conventional target tracking apparatus. The flowchart which shows an example of the flow of a process of the wake integration part 3 in FIG.

  The best mode for carrying out the target tracking apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the following description, portions corresponding to the respective components of the conventional target tracking device described in the background art will be described using the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a first embodiment of the target tracking apparatus according to the present invention. As illustrated in FIG. 1, this target tracking device is an example configured to include two n-dimensional (n is 1 or 2) angle sensors, and the first n-dimensional angle sensor 1 ( # 1), the second n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (# 2), the first angle tracking unit 2 (# 1), the second angle tracking unit 2 (# 2), and the track integration, which are configured identically The unit 3a, the first track display unit 4 (# 1), and the second track display unit 4 (# 2).

  The first n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (# 1) and the second n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (# 2) acquire angle information of the detected target and respectively correspond to the angle tracking unit 2 (# 1) or 2 (# 2) and the track integration unit 3a. The first angle tracking unit 2 (# 1) and the second angle tracking unit 2 (# 2) are based on the angle information from the n-dimensional angle sensor 1 corresponding to the first angle tracking unit 2 (# 1). # 1) shows the target angular track z (k, 1) and its error covariance matrix Pz (k, 1), and the second angle tracking unit 2 (# 2) displays the target angular track z (k , 2) and its error covariance matrix Pz (k, 2) are calculated and sent to the wake integration unit 3a.

  As will be described later, the track integration unit 3a includes two track maintenance units having different tracking filters. The track integration unit 3a receives the calculation results of the angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2) and receives the same target. Are integrated with the target tracks calculated by the respective track maintenance units and sent to the first track display unit 4 (# 1) and the second track display unit 4 (# 2). Here, the wake integration unit 3a includes a correlation unit 31a, a hypothetical distance generation unit 35, a wake initial value calculation unit (1) 36, a wake maintenance unit (1) 37, a distance calculation unit 32a, and a wake initial value calculation unit (2). 33a, a track maintenance unit (2) 34a, a posterior probability calculation unit 38, and an integrated track calculation unit 39.

  The correlation unit 31a inputs the angle tracks from the two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2), associates the angle tracks acquired by each, and which pair is the same target Correlation processing is performed, and a pair of angle tracks having the same target is sent to the subsequent stage. The appearance of a new target is also determined from the pair of angle tracks of the same target. For example, the method described in Patent Document 1 can be applied to the processing in the correlation unit 31a.

The hypothesis distance generator 35 calculates hypothetical distances from the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2) to the target based on the angle wake from the correlator 31a, and the wake initial value calculator (1) Send to 36. In calculating the hypothetical distance, for example, a method detailed in Non-Patent Document 2 or the like can be applied. The main processing parts of this method are shown in the following equations (17) to (19).

Here, r _min is the target minimum distance, r _max is the target maximum distance, m is the number of hypothetical distances (= number of sub-filters m, m is 1 or more), r (j) (j = 1 to m) Is m hypothesized distances, and σ _r (j) (j = 1 to m) is a standard deviation of distance errors.

Based on these hypothetical distances, the wake initial value calculation unit (1) 36 evaluates the target n + 1-dimensional wake and the error evaluation thereof, which are the initial values necessary for tracking the target by the wake maintaining unit (1) 37 in the subsequent stage. An error covariance matrix as a quantity is calculated and sent to the track maintenance unit (1) 37. In calculating the n + 1-dimensional wake that is the initial value and its error evaluation amount, for example, a method described in detail in Non-Patent Document 2 or the like can be applied. With regard to the main processing part of this method, for example, when the wake keeping unit (1) 37 maintains a two-dimensional wake, the smooth vector x ^ (k) of the j-th (j = 1 to m) sub-filter as a wake. | K, j) and the smoothing error covariance matrix P (k | k, j) are expressed by the following equations (20) to (21).

Here, x ^ (k, i) is a state vector of the n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (#i), f _p2c is a polar coordinate / orthogonal coordinate conversion function of a covariance matrix, and σ _v is a standard deviation of a speed error. Show.

The wake maintaining unit (1) 37 uses the calculation result of the wake initial value calculating unit (1) 36 as an initial value based on detection information from the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2). The target tracking maintenance process is executed, and the track is continuously acquired. Here, the case where the target tracking model is constituted by a range parameterized extended Kalman filter will be described, with the target motion model and the observation model as the equations (22) and (23), respectively.

Here, x (k) is the target of the state vector at the measurement time _{t k, F (k, k} -1) and G (k, k-1), the transition matrix in _{t k} from the observation time _{t k-1} And the driving matrix, w (k−1) is the mean 0 at the observation time t _k−1, the system noise vector according to the normal distribution of the covariance matrix Q (k−1), and y (k, i) is the observation time t observation vector of n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (#i) in _k, h (·) is the observation function, v of (k, i) is the average of the observation time _{t k} 0, the covariance matrix R (k, i) This is an observation noise vector according to a normal distribution.

When the wake keeping unit (1) 37 is configured with a range parameterized extended Kalman filter, m sub-filters are configured to perform the processing. In the j-th (j = 1 to m) sub-filter, the prediction process shown in Expression (24) to Expression (25) and the smoothing process shown in Expression (26) to Expression (30) are performed.

Where x ^ (k | k-1, j) and P (k | k-1, j) are the prediction vector and the prediction error covariance matrix, S (k, j), d (k, j) and K (k, j) is the residual covariance matrix, Mahalanobis distance and Kalman gain matrix, x ^ (k | k, j) and P (k | k, j) are the smoothing vector and smoothing error covariance matrix. some (all values in the j-th sub-filter of the observation time t _k).

The smoothing vector x ^ (k | k) and the smoothing error covariance matrix P (k | k) at the observation time t _k are calculated by the following equations.

Here, l (k, j) is likelihood, and p (k, j) and w (k, j) are posterior probabilities and weights (all values in the j-th _{subfilter at} the observation time t _k ). .

  In the above example, the case where the wake keeping unit (1) 37 is configured by the range parameterized extended Kalman filter has been described in detail. -You may comprise with a particle filter. When the wake keeping unit (1) 37 is configured by a range parameterized extended Kalman filter or a range parameterized unscented Kalman filter, the wake keeping unit (1) 37 is calculated / updated by m sub-filters. From the n + 1 dimensional tracks of the target, one with the highest posterior probability is selected when a predetermined number of observations or observation time has elapsed, and thereafter the n + 1 dimensional track of the target by the selected subfilter is output. You may comprise as follows.

  The distance calculation unit 32a calculates the distances from the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2) to the target based on the angle track from the correlation unit 31a, and the track initial value calculation unit (2) Send to 33a. In calculating the distance, for example, the method described in Non-Patent Document 1 can be applied.

  The wake initial value calculation unit (2) 33a is based on the calculation result of the target angle wake and distance, and the wake maintenance unit (2) 34a in the subsequent stage becomes an initial value necessary for tracking the target. An error covariance matrix is calculated as an n + 1-dimensional track and its error evaluation amount. In the calculation, an n + 1-dimensional track that includes only the position and does not include the velocity is calculated from the distance calculated by the distance calculation unit 32a and the angle track of each n-dimensional angle sensor 1, and n + 1 multiple times (two or more times). These initial wake values can be calculated from the dimensional wake and its error evaluation amount. Further, from the distance calculated by the distance calculation unit 32a and the angle track of each n-dimensional angle sensor 1, an n + 1-dimensional track including only the position and not including the velocity is calculated, and the initial value of the range parameterized extended Kalman filter described above is calculated. As described above, the wake initial value can be calculated by setting the wake initial speed to zero. In addition, the method etc. of patent document 1 etc. are applicable instead of the calculation method of each value in the distance calculation part 32a and the wake initial value calculation part (2) 33a mentioned above.

  The wake maintaining unit (2) 34a uses the calculation result of the wake initial value calculating unit (2) 33a as an initial value, based on detection information from the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2). The target tracking maintenance process is executed, and the track is continuously acquired. The tracking maintenance process executed by the track maintenance unit (2) 34a has the same contents as the track maintenance unit 34 in the conventional target tracking device illustrated in FIG. Note that an unscented Kalman filter or a particle filter may be used instead of the extended Kalman filter.

The posterior probability calculation unit 38 receives the target n + 1-dimensional track from the track maintenance unit (1) 37 and the track maintenance unit (2) 34a, and calculates the posterior probability and weight for the n + 1-dimensional track from each. The posterior probabilities and weights are calculated by the processing methods shown in the following equations (35) to (38).

Here, l (k, RP), p (k, RP) and w (k, RP) are the likelihood, posterior probability and weight of the track maintenance unit (1) 37, l (k, EKF), p (k, EKF) and w (k, EKF) is the likelihood of track maintenance unit (2) 34a, a posterior probability and the weight (all values at the measurement time _{t k).} In addition, S (k, EKF) and d (k, EKF) use the values of Equation (5) and Equation (6), respectively, and S (k, RP) and d (k, RP) are as follows: It calculates with Formula (39)-Formula (42).

The integrated wake calculation unit 39 uses the target n + 1-dimensional wake acquired by each of the wake maintenance unit (1) 37 and the wake maintenance unit (2) 34a as the respective posterior probabilities calculated by the posterior probability calculation unit 38 and Based on the weights, the integrated track is calculated. In calculating the integrated wake, the following formula (43) to formula (44) are used by weighting based on the posterior probability.

  Here, x ^ (k, RP) and P (k, RP) use the values of Expression (33) and Expression (34), and x ^ (k, EKF) and P (k, EKF) The values of (8) and Equation (9) are used. Moreover, without weighting by the posterior probability, one of the target n + 1-dimensional wakes acquired by each of the wake maintaining unit (1) 37 or the wake maintaining unit (2) 34a is selected with a high posterior probability. This can be configured to be an integrated wake.

  The wake display unit 4 (# 1) and the wake display unit 4 (# 2) indicate the target integrated wake calculated by the wake integration unit 3a in this way by the n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (1), respectively. Display based on # 2).

  Next, referring to FIG. 1, the flowcharts of FIGS. 2 to 3, and the explanatory diagram of FIG. 4, the track integration unit 3a will be described with respect to the operation of the target tracking device of the present embodiment configured as described above. The processing flow will be mainly described. 2 and 3 are flowcharts for explaining the operation of the first embodiment of the target tracking device illustrated in FIG.

  First, the wake integration unit 3a receives a new target angle track from the two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2), that is, an angle track for which the initial value of the wake has not been calculated (N in ST101). The correlation unit 31a inputs these angle tracks (ST102), and then performs a series of initial value calculation processes necessary for the tracking maintenance process (ST103). In the initial value calculation in ST103, first, correlation processing is performed to determine which pair between the angle tracks from the two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2) is the same target (ST107). ) As a result, when there is a pair of new angle wakes determined to be the same target (Y in ST108), each of the wake maintaining unit (1) 37 and the wake maintaining unit (2) 34a in the subsequent stage The initial value in the tracking maintenance process is calculated concurrently. (ST109).

  That is, the hypothetical distance generation unit 35 calculates the hypothetical distance from the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2) to the target based on the new pair of angle tracks from the correlation unit 31a. (ST114) Further, based on these hypothetical distances, in the initial track value calculation unit (1) 36, this target n + 1-dimensional track that becomes the initial value of the tracking maintenance process in the track maintenance unit (1) 37 Then, an error covariance matrix as an error evaluation amount is calculated and sent to the track maintenance unit (1) 37 (ST115). On the other hand, in parallel with this, the distance calculation unit 32a calculates respective distances from the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2) to the target (ST116), and further calculates the calculation result. Originally, in the wake initial value calculation unit (2) 33a, the target n + 1-dimensional wake and the error covariance matrix as the error evaluation amount, which are the initial values of the tracking maintenance processing in the wake maintenance unit (2) 34a, are obtained. Calculate and send to the track maintenance unit (2) 34a (ST117).

  Next, when it is determined again in step ST101 that the initial value of the target target track has been calculated (Y in ST101), the track maintaining unit (1) 37 and the track maintaining unit (2) 34a are In order to shift to the tracking maintenance process, the angle information detected by the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2) is directly input (ST104). Then, based on the initial values calculated in step ST103, the acquisition of the target n + 1-dimensional track is continued while simultaneously proceeding with the respective tracking maintenance processes, and the tracks from these two track maintenance units are further updated. Integration is performed based on the probability to obtain an integrated wake (ST105).

  That is, based on the initial values calculated in step ST103 and the angle information from the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2), the wake keeping unit (1) 37 uses the above-described method. Thus, the tracking maintenance process is executed to continuously acquire the target n + 1-dimensional track, and the result is sent to the posterior probability calculation unit 38 and the integrated track calculation unit 39 (ST110). On the other hand, in parallel with this, the track maintenance unit (2) 34a also executes its own tracking maintenance process to continuously acquire the target n + 1-dimensional track, and obtains the result as the posterior probability calculation unit 38 and the integrated track calculation. The data is sent to the unit 39 (ST111). Next, the posterior probability calculation unit 38 calculates the posterior probability for each of these two n + 1-dimensional tracks and sends it to the integrated track calculation unit 39 (ST112). In the integrated track calculation unit 39, the weighting using the posterior probability is performed. Alternatively, the two n + 1-dimensional tracks are integrated according to the magnitude relationship of the posterior probabilities to obtain a target integrated track. And the result is sent to the wake display part 4, and the wake display part 4 displays this (ST113). Thereafter, the above-described operation steps are repeated until an operation end is instructed (ST106).

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the operation timing of the main part in the wake integration unit 3a corresponding to the processing flow in the wake integration unit 3a, modeled over time. When the correlative unit 31a extracts a pair of angle tracks determined to be a new target from the pair of angle tracks of the same target (T11), the track initial value calculation unit (1) 36 receives a signal from the hypothetical distance generation unit 35. Using the hypothetical distance, the target n + 1-dimensional track and its error evaluation amount are calculated as the initial track value necessary for the tracking maintaining process in the track maintaining unit (1) 37 (T12). Similarly, the wake initial value calculation unit (2) 33a uses the distance calculated by the distance calculation unit 32a to calculate the initial value of the target wake necessary for the tracking maintenance process in the wake maintenance unit (2) 34a. (T13). Based on these initial values, the wake maintenance unit (1) 37 and the wake maintenance unit (2) 34a shift to the target tracking maintenance process, and each tracking maintenance process is started, and the target n + 1 dimension The wake is continuously acquired. At this time, the tracking maintenance process of the track maintenance unit (1) 37 and the tracking maintenance process of the track maintenance unit (2) 34a proceed in parallel (T14 and T15). Further, in the integrated track calculation unit 39 operating in parallel with these, the target track from the track maintenance unit (1) 37 and the track maintenance unit (2) 34a is based on the posterior probability calculated by the posterior probability calculation unit 38. Are integrated and sent to the wake display unit 4 as an integrated wake (T16).

  In the above-described embodiment, since it is not necessary to calculate the distance change rate in the distance calculation unit 32a, it is not necessary to calculate each speed in the two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2). As a result, the two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2) can be omitted. A block diagram of the configuration of the target tracking device at this time is illustrated in FIG.

  As described above, in this embodiment, for the target angle information from the two n-dimensional angle sensors, the angle information determined to be the same target by the correlator and m pieces (m is 1 or more). Based on the hypothesized distance, m number of n + 1 dimensional tracks composed of the position and velocity in the target n + 1 dimensional space and its error evaluation amount are calculated. Each time the detection information is obtained, the n + 1-dimensional track and its error evaluation amount are updated to reflect this detection information, and the track maintaining unit (1) as the first tracking maintaining means for performing the target n + 1-dimensional tracking And a target distance from the angle information determined to be the same target by the correlating means based on the intersection method, and based on this distance and the angle track of the two n-dimensional angle sensors, the target in the n + 1-dimensional space is calculated. The n + 1 dimensional track consisting of the position and speed and its error evaluation amount are calculated, and this detection information is reflected each time new detection information is obtained from one of the two n dimensional angle sensors. The n + 1-dimensional track and its error evaluation amount are updated, and a track maintaining unit (2) is provided as a second tracking maintaining unit for performing target n + 1-dimensional tracking, and further acquired by these two track maintaining units. Target wakes are integrated / selected by posterior probability.

  As a result, when the two wake maintenance units (1) and (2) shift to the target tracking maintenance process, the process starts using the hypothetical distance as the initial value and continuously acquires the target wake, Since the target wake which is started using the calculated distance and is continuously acquired is integrated, the tracking stability can be improved even when the intersection angle from the two n-dimensional angle sensors with respect to the target is small.

  FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the second embodiment of the target tracking apparatus according to the present invention. FIGS. 7 to 9 are a flowchart and an explanatory view for explaining the operation of the second embodiment of the target tracking apparatus. In the second embodiment, the same parts as those in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that, in the first embodiment, two tracking maintenance processes, that is, a wake initial stage, are performed on a pair of angular wakes determined as a new target in the correlation unit. By the track maintenance unit (2) using the first tracking maintenance process by the track maintenance unit (1) using the hypothetical distance to the target for calculating the value and the calculated distance by the association method for calculating the initial track value While the second tracking maintenance process is performed in parallel, in the second embodiment, two n-dimensional angle sensors are used for the pair of angle wakes determined as new targets in the correlation unit. The intersection angle is calculated, and one of the two tracking maintenance processes described above is selected according to the range of the intersection angle value, and the subsequent target track is acquired. Hereinafter, only the differences will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 and FIGS.

  As illustrated in FIG. 6, the target tracking device includes the first n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (# 1) and the second n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (# 2) that are configured identically. The first angle tracking unit 2 (# 1), the second angle tracking unit 2 (# 2), the track integration unit 3b, the first track display unit 4 (# 1), and the second track display Part 4 (# 2). Two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2), two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2), and two track display units 4 (# 1) and 4 ( # 2) is the same as in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted. The track integration unit 3b includes a correlation unit 31a, a preselection unit 40, a hypothetical distance generation unit 35, a track initial value calculation unit (1) 36, a track maintenance unit (1) 37, a distance calculation unit 32a, and a track initial value calculation. It comprises a part (2) 33a and a track maintenance part (2) 34a. Here, each configuration excluding the preselection unit 40 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and a description thereof is omitted.

  The preselection unit 40 calculates the intersection angle of the target by the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2) based on the pair of angle tracks determined as the new target by the correlation unit 31a, Compare this calculation result with a preset threshold value, and if the calculated meeting angle is less than the threshold value, that is, in this case, the meeting angle is small and the distance calculated from the meeting method includes a large error. Since the initial value calculated by the wake initial value calculating unit (1) 36 based on the hypothetical distance from the hypothetical distance generating unit 35 is used, the tracking maintaining process in the wake maintaining unit (1) 37 is performed thereafter. Selection control is performed so as to continuously acquire the target n + 1-dimensional track. On the other hand, when the calculated intersection angle is greater than or equal to the threshold value, the wake maintaining unit uses the initial value calculated by the wake initial value calculating unit (2) 33a based on the calculated distance from the distance calculating unit 32a by the association method. (2) Selection control is performed so that the target track is continuously acquired by the tracking maintenance process at 34a. In calculating the intersection angle, for example, the target angle track from the two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2), or the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2) For example, a method of converting the detection information from, into direction unit vectors u (k, 1) and u (k, 2) and calculating from the inverse cosine of the inner product of the two direction unit vectors can be applied. Instead of the intersection angle and the threshold value, a cosine component of the intersection angle (that is, an inner product of direction unit vectors) and a cosine component of the threshold value may be used.

  Next, the operation of the target tracking device of the second embodiment configured as described above will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 7 and 8, focusing on the flow of processing in the wake integration unit 3b. First, when the track integration unit 3b receives an angle track from which the initial value of the track has not been calculated from the two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2) (N in ST201), the correlation unit 31a A wake is input (ST202), and then a series of initial value calculation processes necessary for the tracking maintenance process are performed (ST203).

  In the initial value calculation in ST203, first, correlation processing is performed to determine which pair between the angle tracks from the two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2) is the same target (ST207). As a result, if there is a pair of new angle tracks determined as the same target, these angle tracks are sent to the pre-selection unit 40 (Y in ST208). Next, the preselection unit 40 calculates an intersection angle for the new target, and compares the calculation result with a preset threshold value (ST209). Based on the comparison result, a wake initial value necessary for the subsequent tracking maintenance process is calculated (ST210).

  That is, when the intersection angle is less than the threshold value (less than the threshold value of ST214), the pair of angle tracks is sent to the hypothesis distance generation unit 35, and the hypothesis distance generation unit 35 calculates the hypothesis distance to the target. (ST215). Further, from the hypothesized distance and the angle wake, the wake initial value calculation unit (1) 36 calculates the target n + 1-dimensional wake as the wake initial value and its error evaluation amount, and the wake maintenance unit (1) 37 In preparation for subsequent tracking maintenance processing (ST216). On the other hand, when the meeting angle is greater than or equal to the threshold (more than the threshold of ST214), the pair of angle tracks is sent to the distance calculation unit 32a, and the distance calculation unit 32a calculates the distance to the target by the meeting method. (ST217). Then, the initial value of the wake is calculated in the wake initial value calculation unit (2) 33a, and is prepared for the tracking maintenance process by the wake maintenance unit (2) 34a (ST218).

  Next, when it is determined again in step ST201 that the initial value of the target target track has been calculated (Y in ST201), the track maintenance unit (1) 37 and the track maintenance unit (2) 34a are In order to shift to the tracking maintenance process, the angle information detected by the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2) is directly input (ST204). The target track is continuously acquired by the tracking maintenance process of either the track maintenance unit (1) 37 or the track maintenance unit (2) 34a, which is selected based on the result of the pre-selection in ST209, and the tracking is maintained. (ST205).

  That is, when the meeting angle calculated in the preselection unit 40 is less than the threshold value (less than the threshold value of ST211), the calculation result of the wake initial value calculation unit (1) 36 calculated in step ST216 is used. In addition, the track maintenance unit (1) 37 inputs the angle information detected by the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2) and continues to acquire the target track, and the result is obtained. It is sent to the wake display unit 4 (ST212). On the other hand, when the meeting angle calculated in the pre-selection unit 40 is equal to or greater than the threshold value (greater than the threshold value of ST211), based on the calculation result of the wake initial value calculation unit (2) 33a calculated in step ST218. The track maintenance unit (2) 34a inputs the angle information detected by the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2), and continues to acquire the target track. It is sent to the wake display unit 4 (ST213). Thereafter, the above-described operation steps are repeated until an instruction to end the operation is given (ST206).

  FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the operation timing of the main part in the wake integration unit 3b corresponding to the process flow in the wake integration unit 3b, modeled over time. When the correlative unit 31a extracts a pair of angular tracks determined as a new target from the pair of angular tracks of the same target (T21), the preselection unit 40 calculates the intersection angle, and based on the calculation result As the subsequent tracking maintenance process, one of the track maintenance unit (1) 37 and the track maintenance unit (2) 34a is selected. When the tracking selection processing by the track maintenance unit (1) 37 is selected by the prior selection unit 40, the track initial value calculation unit (1) 36 calculates the track initial value based on the distance calculation result by the hypothetical distance generation unit 35. (T22), the process proceeds to the tracking maintenance process by the track maintenance unit (1) 37. On the other hand, when the tracking selection process by the track maintenance unit (2) 34a is selected by the preselection unit 40, the track initial value calculation unit (2) 33a calculates the track initial value based on the distance calculation result by the distance calculation unit 32a. It calculates (T22) and shifts to the tracking maintenance process by the track maintenance unit (2). After that, the tracking maintenance process of one of the track maintenance unit (1) 37 and the track maintenance unit (2) 34a operates until the tracking is completed, and the target track is continuously acquired (T23).

  As described above, in this embodiment, for the pair of angle wakes determined as a new target in the correlation unit, the pre-selection unit calculates the intersection angle by the two n-dimensional angle sensors, and the value of the intersection angle Depending on the range, either one of the two tracking maintenance processes is selected. In other words, when the calculated intersection angle is less than the threshold value, the intersection angle is smaller, so there may be a larger error in the distance to the target calculated by the association method. The first tracking maintenance process by the track maintenance unit (1) using the hypothetical distance is selected, and in other cases, the track maintenance unit ( The second tracking maintenance process according to 2) is selected, and the subsequent target track is continuously acquired. As a result, in addition to improving the tracking stability as in the first embodiment, the two tracking maintenance processes are not operated simultaneously in parallel, but the tracking is maintained by operating one of them, so that the processing of the apparatus The load can be reduced.

  FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the third embodiment of the target tracking device according to the present invention. FIGS. 11 to 12 are flowcharts for explaining the operation of the third embodiment of the target tracking apparatus. In the third embodiment, the same portions as those in the first embodiment and the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. The third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the tracking maintenance process for continuously acquiring the target track in the subsequent stage is selected based on the meeting angle calculated by the preselection unit. In the second embodiment, two options, ie, the first tracking maintenance process by the track maintenance unit (1) using the hypothetical distance to the target for calculating the initial track value and the calculation of the initial track value are met. The second tracking maintenance process by the track maintenance unit (2) using the distance calculated by the method is provided, and either one is selected, whereas in the third embodiment, the number of options is further increased. As shown in the first embodiment, it is also possible to select an integrated wake that integrates the wakes acquired in each of the three tracking maintenance processes, and there are three options based on the range of the meeting angle. Select one of Is a point that was. Hereinafter, only the difference will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9 and FIGS.

  As illustrated in FIG. 10, the target tracking device includes the first n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (# 1) and the second n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (# 2) configured identically. The first angle tracking unit 2 (# 1), the second angle tracking unit 2 (# 2), the track integration unit 3c, the first track display unit 4 (# 1), and the second track display Part 4 (# 2). Two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2), two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2), and two track display units 4 (# 1) and 4 ( # 2) is the same as the first and second embodiments described above, and a description thereof is omitted.

  The wake integration unit 3c includes a correlation unit 31a, a preselection unit 40a, a hypothetical distance generation unit 35, a wake initial value calculation unit (1) 36, a wake maintenance unit (1) 37, a distance calculation unit 32a, and a wake initial value calculation. It comprises a part (2) 33a, a wake maintenance part (2) 34a, a posterior probability calculation part 38, and an integrated wake calculation part 39a. Here, the components other than the pre-selection unit 40a and the integrated track calculation unit 39a are the same as those in the first and second embodiments, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  The pre-selection unit 40a calculates the intersection angle of the target by the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2) based on the pair of angle tracks determined as the new target in the correlation unit 31a, This calculation result is compared with two threshold values, threshold value 1 and threshold value 2 (threshold value 2> threshold value 1), and the result of sending the angle wake and the target The following selection control is performed for continuous acquisition of wakes. That is, when the intersection angle is less than the first threshold value (hereinafter referred to as the first intersection angle range), the wake initial value calculation unit (1) 36 calculates the hypothesis distance from the hypothesis distance generation unit 35. Selection control is performed so that the subsequent target n + 1-dimensional track is continuously acquired by the tracking maintaining process in the track maintaining unit (1) 37 using the initial value. Further, when the intersection angle is equal to or greater than the first threshold value and less than the second threshold value (hereinafter referred to as a second intersection angle range), the tracking maintenance process in the wake keeping unit (1) 37 described above is performed. The tracking maintenance process in the wake maintenance unit (2) 34a using the initial value calculated in the wake initial value calculation unit (2) 33a based on the calculated distance by the association method from the distance calculation unit 32a is operated together. Selection control is performed so as to continuously acquire the target track by integrating the tracks acquired by these two tracking maintenance processes. If the intersection angle is equal to or greater than the second threshold (hereinafter referred to as the third intersection angle range), the tracking of the target after that is continued by the tracking maintenance process in the above-described track maintenance unit (2) 34a. Then, the selection control is performed so as to obtain it.

  The integrated track calculation unit 39a, in addition to the processing functions similar to those of the integrated track calculation unit 39 in the first embodiment, adds the target track to the track maintenance unit (1) 37 based on the selection control from the pre-selection unit 40a. The track is selected from any one of the wake by the tracking maintenance processing at, the wake by the tracking maintenance processing by the track maintenance unit (2) 34a, or the wake obtained by integrating them, and is sent to the wake display unit 4 at the subsequent stage.

  Next, the operation of the target tracking device of the third embodiment configured as described above will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 11 and 12, focusing on the flow of processing in the wake integration unit 3c. First, when the wake integration unit 3c receives an angle track from which the initial value of the wake has not been calculated from the two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2) (N in ST301), the correlation unit 31a A wake is input (ST302), and then a series of initial value calculation processes necessary for the tracking maintenance process are performed (ST303).

  In the initial value calculation in ST303, first, correlation processing is performed to determine which pair between the angle tracks from the two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2) is the same target (ST307). As a result, if there is a pair of new angle tracks determined to be the same target, these angle tracks are sent to the pre-selection unit 40a (Y in ST308). Next, the preselection unit 40a calculates an intersection angle for the new target, and compares the calculation result with two preset threshold values (ST309). Then, based on the comparison result, the initial track value required for the subsequent tracking maintenance process is calculated by any of the following three procedures (ST310).

  That is, when the meeting angle is the first meeting angle range (the first meeting angle range of ST315), the pair of angle wakes is sent to the hypothetical distance generating unit 35, and the hypothetical distance generating unit 35 A hypothetical distance is calculated (ST316). Further, from the hypothesized distance and the angle wake, the wake initial value calculation unit (1) 36 calculates the target n + 1-dimensional wake as the wake initial value and its error evaluation amount, and the wake maintenance unit (1) 37 In preparation for the subsequent tracking maintenance process (ST317). When the meeting angle is the third meeting angle range (the third meeting angle range of ST315), the pair of angle wakes is sent to the distance calculation unit 32a, and the distance calculation unit 32a Is calculated (ST318). Further, the initial value of the wake is calculated in the wake initial value calculation unit (2) 33a, and prepared for the tracking maintenance process by the wake maintenance unit (2) 34a (ST319). Further, when the meeting angle is in the second meeting angle range (second meeting angle range in ST315), the two initial value calculations described above are performed together, and the wake maintenance unit (1) 37 and the wake maintenance unit (2) Prepare for acquisition of integrated wake by simultaneous operation of two tracking maintenance processes by 34a.

  Next, when it is determined again in step ST301 that the initial value of the target target track has been calculated (Y in ST301), the track maintaining unit (1) 37 and the track maintaining unit (2) 34a are In order to shift to the tracking maintenance process, the angle information detected by the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2) is directly input (ST304). Then, the target is selected by any one of the tracking maintenance process of the wake maintenance unit (1) 37, the tracking maintenance process of the wake maintenance unit (2) 34a, or the integration result selected based on the result of the pre-selection in ST309. Is continuously acquired and tracking is maintained (ST305).

  That is, when the meeting angle calculated in the pre-selection unit 40a is in the first meeting angle range (first meeting angle range in ST311), the calculation of the track initial value calculation unit (1) 36 calculated in step ST317 is performed. Based on the result, the track maintenance unit (1) 37 inputs the angle information detected by the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2) and continues to acquire the target track. The result is sent to the wake display unit 4 via the integrated wake calculation unit 39a (ST312). On the other hand, when the intersection angle calculated in the pre-selection unit 40a is the third intersection angle range (the third intersection angle range of ST311), the calculation of the track initial value calculation unit (2) 33a calculated in the step of ST319 Based on the result, the track maintenance unit (2) 34a inputs the angle information detected by the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2) and continues to acquire the target track. The result is sent to the wake display unit 4 via the integrated wake calculation unit 39a (ST314). On the other hand, when the meeting angle calculated in the pre-selection unit 40a is in the second meeting angle range (second meeting angle range in ST311), the same operation steps as ST105 shown in FIG. Thus, the track of the target continuously acquired by the track maintenance unit (1) 37 and the track maintenance unit (2) 34a is integrated by the integrated track calculation unit 39a based on the calculation result of the posterior probability calculation unit 38, This integrated track is sent to the track display unit 4 (ST313). Thereafter, the above-described operation steps are repeated until an operation end is instructed (ST306).

  As for the operation timing of the main part in the track integration unit 3c corresponding to the processing flow in the track integration unit 3c described above, FIG. 4 of the first embodiment and FIG. 9 of the second embodiment are combined. It will be a thing. That is, when the determination of the meeting angle in the preselection unit 40a is in the second meeting angle range, the operation timing is the same as in FIG. 4, and in the case of the first meeting angle range or the third meeting angle range, The operation timing is the same as in FIG.

  As described above, in this embodiment, for the pair of angle wakes determined as a new target in the correlation unit, the pre-selection unit calculates the intersection angle by the two n-dimensional angle sensors, and the value of the intersection angle The tracking maintenance process for continuously acquiring the target wake is selected according to the range of. That is, in the case of the first intersection angle range where the intersection angle is the smallest range, the first tracking maintenance process by the track maintenance unit (1) using the hypothetical distance from the target for the calculation of the initial track value is selected. In the case of the third intersection angle range where the intersection angle is the largest range, the second tracking maintenance process by the track maintenance unit (2) using the calculated distance according to the association method for calculating the initial track value is selected. In the case of the second intersection angle range in which the intersection angle is an intermediate value, the tracks acquired by the tracking maintenance processing of the track maintenance unit (1) and the track maintenance unit (2) are integrated, and then The wake of the target is continuously acquired. As a result, even when the meeting angle is small, tracking stability with respect to the target can be improved, and depending on the range of the meeting angle, the tracking maintenance process is not operated in parallel, so that the processing load on the apparatus can be reduced.

  FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the fourth embodiment of the target tracking apparatus according to the present invention. FIGS. 14 to 16 are a flowchart and an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the fourth embodiment of the target tracking device. In the fourth embodiment, the same portions as those in the first to third embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. The fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that in the first embodiment, the target track from the tracking maintenance process of the track maintenance unit (1) and the track maintenance unit (2) is performed afterwards. The integration is performed based on the posterior probability calculated by the probability calculation unit, and tracking is maintained by continuously acquiring the integrated track until the end of tracking. The integrated wake is continuously acquired until the elapsed time, but after that, one of the target wakes by the tracking maintenance processing of the wake maintenance unit (1) and the wake maintenance unit (2) has a larger posterior probability. And tracking is maintained by continuously acquiring the target track on the selected side.

Hereinafter, only the differences will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 and FIGS.

  As illustrated in FIG. 13, the target tracking device includes the same first n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (# 1) and second n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (# 2) that are configured identically. The first angle tracking unit 2 (# 1), the second angle tracking unit 2 (# 2), the track integration unit 3d, the first track display unit 4 (# 1), and the second track display Part 4 (# 2). Two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2), two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2), and two track display units 4 (# 1) and 4 ( # 2) is the same as in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted. The track integration unit 3d includes a correlation unit 31a, a hypothetical distance generation unit 35, a track initial value calculation unit (1) 36, a track maintenance unit (1) 37, a distance calculation unit 32a, and a track initial value calculation unit (2) 33a. And a wake maintaining unit (2) 34a, a posterior probability calculating unit 38, a posterior selecting unit 41, and an integrated wake calculating unit 39b. Here, the components other than the posterior selection unit 41 and the integrated track calculation unit 39b are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

  The posterior selection unit 41 calculates the initial value of the tracking maintenance process and proceeds to the tracking maintenance process. After the predetermined time has elapsed, the wake maintenance unit (1) 37 calculated by the posterior probability calculation unit 38, and Refer to the posterior probability of the target wake by each tracking maintenance process of the wake maintaining unit (2) 34a, and after a predetermined time has passed, adopt the target wake from one of the posterior probabilities that is large and continue tracking. The selection control is performed as follows. In addition to the processing functions similar to the integrated track calculation unit 39 in the first embodiment, the integrated track calculation unit 39b performs the integrated track until a predetermined time elapses based on the selection control from the post-selection unit 41. Further, after a predetermined time has elapsed, either one of the target wakes obtained by the tracking maintenance processing of the wake maintenance unit (1) 37 or the wake maintenance unit (2) 34a is selected, and the subsequent wake display unit 4 to send.

  Next, the operation of the target tracking device of the fourth embodiment configured as described above will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 14 and 15, focusing on the flow of processing in the wake integration unit 3d. First, when the wake integration unit 3d receives an angle track from which the initial value of the wake has not been calculated from the two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2) (N in ST401), the correlation unit 31a A wake is input (ST402), and then a series of initial value calculation processes necessary for the tracking maintenance process are performed (ST403). The initial value calculation procedure in ST403 is the same as the procedure in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 2B and 3D.

  Next, when it is determined again in step ST401 that the initial value of the target target track has been calculated (Y in ST401), the track maintaining unit (1) 37 and the track maintaining unit (2) 34a are In order to shift to the tracking maintenance process, the angle information detected by the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2) is directly input (ST404). Then, based on the initial value calculated in step ST403, the tracking of the target track is continuously maintained while simultaneously proceeding with the respective tracking maintenance processes, and the wakes from these two track maintenance units are further determined based on the posterior probability. An integrated integrated wake is obtained, and posterior selection is performed when a predetermined time has elapsed, and one of the target wakes having a large posterior probability is selected and tracked (ST405).

  Next, step ST405 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. Since the post-selection is performed when a predetermined time has elapsed after the transition to the tracking maintenance process, the post-selection is not performed until the predetermined time has elapsed (N in ST407), so the track maintenance unit (1) 37 and the track maintenance unit (2) 34a are simultaneously progressed, and the integrated track obtained by integrating them is continuously acquired and sent to the subsequent track display unit 4 (ST408). The calculation procedure of the integrated wake in ST408 is the same as the procedure in the first embodiment shown in FIG. Until the predetermined time elapses (N in ST409), tracking is maintained by repeatedly acquiring the integrated track. When the predetermined time has elapsed (Y in ST409), the posterior selection unit 41 performs posterior selection based on the posterior probability from the posterior probability calculation unit 38. That is, after that, the tracking is not maintained by the integrated track, but the posterior probability of the target track by the tracking maintaining process of the track maintaining unit (1) 37 and the track maintaining unit (2) 34a that are operating simultaneously in parallel is calculated. With reference, selection control is performed so that the target track from either one having a large posterior probability is adopted and tracking is continued (ST410).

  After the predetermined time has passed and the post selection is made in this way (Y in ST407), when the next angle information is detected again in step ST404, the detection information is stored in the post-selected track maintenance unit. (1) It is sent to either 37 or the track maintenance unit 34a (ST411). Then, one of the wake maintenance units (1) 37 or the wake maintenance unit (2) 34a selected after the event continues to keep track of the target track by each track maintenance process, and acquires the acquired target track. Is sent and displayed on the wake display unit 4 in the subsequent stage (ST412 or ST413). Thereafter, the above-described operation steps are repeated until an operation end is instructed (ST406).

  FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the operation timing of the main part in the wake integration unit 3d corresponding to the processing flow in the wake integration unit 3d, modeled over time. When the correlating unit 31a extracts a pair of angle tracks determined to be a new target from the pair of angle tracks of the same target (T41), the track initial value calculation unit (1) 36 uses a hypothesis from the hypothesis distance generation unit 35. Using the distance, a target n + 1-dimensional track and its error evaluation amount are calculated as initial track values necessary for the tracking maintaining process in the track maintaining unit (1) 37 (T42). Similarly, in the wake initial value calculation unit (2) 33a, the initial value of the target wake necessary for the tracking maintenance process in the wake maintenance unit (2) 34a is obtained using the distance calculated by the distance calculation unit 32a. Calculated (T43).

  Based on these initial values, the wake maintenance unit (1) 37 and the wake maintenance unit (2) 34a shift to the target tracking maintenance process, and each tracking maintenance process is started, and the target n + 1 dimension The wake is continuously acquired. At this time, the tracking maintenance process of the track maintenance unit (1) 37 and the tracking maintenance process of the track maintenance unit (2) 34a proceed in parallel (T44 and T45). Further, in the integrated track calculation unit 39 operating in parallel with these, the target track from the track maintenance unit (1) 37 and the track maintenance unit (2) 34a is based on the posterior probability calculated by the posterior probability calculation unit 38. Are integrated and sent to the wake display unit 4 as an integrated wake (T46). Thereafter, when a predetermined time elapses, one of the track maintenance unit (1) 37 and the track maintenance unit (2) 34a selected by the post-selection unit 41 operates until the end of tracking, instead of the integrated track. FIG. 16 illustrates a case where the wake maintenance unit (1) 37 is selected by the post-selection unit 41 (T47).

  As described above, in this embodiment, after the transition to the target tracking maintenance process, the integrated track is continuously acquired and tracking is maintained until a predetermined time elapses and the tracking stability is improved, and then the tracking stability is maintained. After the performance is increased, the target track by the tracking maintenance process of each of the track maintenance unit (1) and the track maintenance unit (2) is selected with one having a large posterior probability, and the target on the selected side is selected. Tracking is maintained by continuously acquiring wakes. As a result, the tracking stability with respect to the target can be improved even when the intersection angle is small, and after the predetermined time has passed since the transition to the tracking maintenance process, whichever of the two tracking maintenance processes that operate in parallel Since either one of them is operated and the target track is continuously acquired, the processing load of the apparatus can be reduced as the tracking maintenance process converges as time elapses.

  In this embodiment, the case where the elapsed time is used as the timing at which the post selection 41 performs the post selection has been described. However, the timing at which the post selection is performed is the case where the number of observations exceeds a predetermined number. You can also Further, when either one of the posterior probabilities exceeds a predetermined probability, it is possible to select from various ones such as a timing satisfying a combination of these conditions.

  FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the fifth embodiment of the target tracking device according to the present invention. FIGS. 18 to 19 are flowcharts for explaining the operation of the fifth embodiment of the target tracking apparatus. About this 5th Example, the part same as each part of the 1st-4th Example mentioned above is shown with the same code | symbol, and the description is abbreviate | omitted. In the fifth embodiment, the processing function of the pre-selection unit in the third embodiment and the processing function of the post-selection unit in the fourth embodiment are provided at the same time. That is, for a new target, as a pre-selection, the tracking maintenance process for continuously acquiring the target track is selected based on the range of the intersection angle from each n-dimensional angle sensor, and the track selection is maintained by this pre-selection. If an integrated wake that integrates the tracks from the part (1) and the wake maintenance part (2) is adopted, the integrated wake is continuously acquired until a predetermined elapsed time after the transition to the tracking maintenance process as a subsequent selection. Thereafter, the tracking maintenance process of either one of the wake maintenance unit (1) or the wake maintenance unit (2) is selected based on the posterior probability, and the tracking is maintained. Hereinafter, only the differences will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 16 and FIGS.

  As illustrated in FIG. 17, the target tracking device includes the same first n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (# 1) and second n-dimensional angle sensor 1 (# 2) configured in the same way. The first angle tracking unit 2 (# 1), the second angle tracking unit 2 (# 2), the track integration unit 3e, the first track display unit 4 (# 1), and the second track display Part 4 (# 2). Two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2), two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2), and two track display units 4 (# 1) and 4 ( # 2) is the same as the previous embodiments, and a description thereof will be omitted. The track integration unit 3e includes a correlation unit 31a, a preselection unit 40a, a hypothetical distance generation unit 35, a track initial value calculation unit (1) 36, a track maintenance unit (1) 37, a distance calculation unit 32a, and a track initial value calculation. It comprises a part (2) 33a, a wake maintenance part (2) 34a, a posterior probability calculation part 38, a posterior selection part 41a, and an integrated wake calculation part 39c. Here, the components other than the post-selection unit 41a and the integrated track calculation unit 39c are the same as those in the third and fourth embodiments described above, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  The post-selection unit 41a, in the selection control in the pre-selection unit 40a, when the target tracking maintenance by the integrated wake corresponding to the case where the target meeting angle is in the second meeting angle range is selected, The fourth embodiment is configured to perform the same processing function as the post-selection unit 41 in the fourth embodiment. The integrated track calculation unit 39c is the same as the integrated track calculation unit 39b in the fourth embodiment described above when the target tracking maintenance by the integrated track is selected in the selection control in the pre-selection unit 40a. In addition to fulfilling the processing function, in the selection control in the pre-selection unit 40a, when the tracking of the target by the tracking maintenance process of the track maintenance unit (1) 37 or the track maintenance unit (2) 34a is selected, these are selected. The target track by the tracking maintenance process corresponding to the control is sent to the subsequent track display unit 4.

  Next, with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 18 and 19, the operation of the target tracking device of the fifth embodiment configured as described above will be described focusing on the processing flow in the wake integration unit 3e. First, when the track integration unit 3e receives an angle track from which the initial value of the track has not been calculated from the two angle tracking units 2 (# 1) and 2 (# 2) (N in ST501), the correlation unit 31a A wake is input (ST502), and then a series of initial value calculation processing necessary for tracking maintenance processing is performed (ST503). The initial value calculation procedure in ST503 is the same as the procedure in the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 11B and 12D. That is, in the determination of the meeting angle in the preselection unit 40a, when the meeting angle is in the first meeting angle range, the initial value is calculated by the wake initial value calculation unit (1) 36, and the meeting angle is the second In the case of the intersection angle range, the initial value is calculated by the two initial value calculation units of the wake initial value calculation unit (1) 36 and the wake initial value calculation unit (2) 33a. In the case of the intersection angle range of 3, the initial value is calculated by the wake initial value calculation unit (2) 33a to prepare for the tracking maintenance process by the subsequent wake maintenance unit (1) 37 and the wake maintenance unit (2) 34a.

  Subsequently, when it is determined again in step ST501 that the initial value of the target target track has been calculated (Y in ST501), the track maintaining unit (1) 37 and the track maintaining unit (2) 34a are In order to shift to the tracking maintenance process, the angle information detected by the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 (# 2) is directly input (ST504). Then, based on the selection control based on the intersection angle in the pre-selection unit 40a, any one of the tracking maintenance process of the wake maintenance unit (1) 37, the tracking maintenance process of the wake maintenance unit (2) 34a, or the integration result thereof. Thus, the target track is continuously acquired and tracking is maintained (ST507).

  That is, when the target meeting angle is in the first meeting angle range (first meeting angle range in ST507), the wake keeping unit (1) 37 includes two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 The angle information detected in (# 2) is input and the acquisition of the target track is maintained and the result is sent to the track display unit 4 via the integrated track calculation unit 39c (ST508). In addition, when the target meeting angle is in the second meeting angle range (second meeting angle range in ST507), the integrated wake is continuously acquired until a predetermined elapsed time. Of the target tracks by the tracking maintenance process of the maintenance unit (1) 37 and the track maintenance unit (2) 34a, one of the target tracks having the large posterior probability calculated by the posterior probability calculation unit 38 is selected, and this selected side Tracking is maintained by continuously acquiring the target track, and the target track is sent to the track display unit 4 (ST509). The processing procedure in ST509 is the same as the detailed processing procedure of ST405 in the fourth embodiment shown in FIG.

  When the target meeting angle is in the third meeting angle range (the third meeting angle range in ST507), the wake keeping unit (1) 34a includes the two n-dimensional angle sensors 1 (# 1) and 1 The angle information detected in (# 2) is input and the acquisition of the target track is maintained and the result is sent to the track display unit 4 via the integrated track calculation unit 39c (ST510). Thereafter, the above-described operation steps are repeated until an operation end is instructed (ST506).

  As for the operation timing of the main part in the track integration unit 3e corresponding to the processing flow in the track integration unit 3e described above, FIG. 9 of the second embodiment and FIG. 16 of the fourth embodiment are combined. It will be a thing. That is, when the determination of the meeting angle in the pre-selection unit 40a is the first meeting angle range or the third meeting angle range, the operation timing is the same as that in FIG. 9 of the second embodiment, and the second meeting In the case of the angular range, the operation timing is the same as that of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, as a result of calculating the intersection angle by the two n-dimensional angle sensors in the pre-selection unit for the pair of angle wakes determined as the new target in the correlation unit, the intersection angle is the largest. In the case of the first intersection angle range which is a small range, the first tracking maintenance process by the track maintenance unit (1) using the hypothetical distance from the target for the calculation of the initial track value is selected, and the intersection angle is the largest. In the case of the third intersection angle range which is a large range, the second tracking maintenance process by the track maintenance unit (2) using the distance calculated by the association method for calculating the initial track value is selected. In the case of the second intersection angle range, which is an intermediate value, the tracks acquired by the tracking maintenance processing of the track maintenance unit (1) and the track maintenance unit (2) are integrated and the subsequent target track is continued. Have acquired. In addition, when the integrated track is selected, after the transition to the tracking maintenance process, until the tracking stability is improved, the integrated track by the two tracking maintenance processes is continuously acquired and the tracking is maintained, and then a predetermined time has elapsed. After the tracking stability is improved, the target track by the tracking maintenance process of each of the track maintenance unit (1) and the track maintenance unit (2) is selected and selected with a large posterior probability. Tracking is maintained by continuously acquiring the target wake of the completed side. As a result, tracking stability for the target can be improved even when the intersection angle is small, and only one tracking maintenance process is selected according to the range of the target intersection angle, or the tracking maintenance process is performed as time passes. Since one of the two tracking maintenance processes that are operated simultaneously in parallel as the convergence is selected and the target track is continuously acquired, the processing load of the apparatus can be reduced.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments as they are, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. Further, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, you may combine suitably the component covering different embodiment.

1 n-dimensional angle sensor 2 angle tracking unit 3, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e track integration unit 4 track display unit 31, 31a correlation unit 32 distance / distance change rate calculation unit 32a distance calculation unit 33 n + 1-dimensional track initial value Calculation part 33a Wake initial value calculation part (2)
34 Wake Maintenance Unit 34a Wake Maintenance Unit (2)
35 Hypothesis Distance Generation Unit 36 Wake Initial Value Calculation Unit (1)
37 Wake Maintenance Department (1)
38 A posteriori probability calculation unit 39, 39a, 39b, 39c Integrated track calculation unit 40, 40a Pre-selection unit 41, 41a Post-selection unit

Claims (9)

Correlation means for associating n-dimensional (n is 1 or 2) angle information of a plurality of targets detected by a plurality of angle sensors with different positions so as to form a pair for each same target;
Based on the angle information associated with the same target by the correlating means and m hypothetical distances set for the target (m is 1 or more), the position and velocity of the target in n + 1 dimensional space First initial value calculating means for calculating m n + 1 dimensional tracks and their error evaluation amounts,
Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors, with the m n + 1-dimensional tracks calculated by the first initial value calculation means and the error evaluation amount as initial values. A first tracking maintaining means for reflecting the new angle information, updating the n + 1 dimensional track and its error evaluation amount, and performing the target n + 1 dimensional tracking;
Based on the angle information associated with the same target by the correlating means, the plurality of angle sensors calculated based on the association method using a pair of the angle information, and the distance to the target, n + 1 of the target A second initial value calculating means for calculating an n + 1 dimensional track composed of a position and a velocity in a dimensional space and its error evaluation amount;
Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors, with the n + 1-dimensional wake calculated by the second initial value calculation means and its error evaluation amount as initial values, Reflecting the new angle information, updating the n + 1 dimensional track and its error evaluation amount, and second tracking maintaining means for performing the n + 1 dimensional tracking of the target;
Posterior probability calculating means for calculating posterior probabilities of the first tracking maintaining means and the second tracking maintaining means;
A target track integration unit that integrates the n + 1-dimensional track of the target calculated by each of the first tracking maintenance unit and the second tracking maintenance unit;
The target track integration unit integrates the n + 1-dimensional track of the target calculated by each tracking maintenance unit based on the posterior probabilities of the first and second tracking maintenance units calculated by the posterior probability calculation unit. A target tracking device characterized by: Correlation means for associating n-dimensional (n is 1 or 2) angle information of a plurality of targets detected by a plurality of angle sensors with different positions so as to form a pair for each same target;
Based on the angle information associated with the same target by the correlating means and m hypothetical distances set for the target (m is 1 or more), the position and velocity of the target in n + 1 dimensional space First initial value calculating means for calculating m n + 1 dimensional tracks and their error evaluation amounts,
Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors, with the m n + 1-dimensional tracks calculated by the first initial value calculation means and the error evaluation amount as initial values. A first tracking maintaining means for reflecting the new angle information, updating the n + 1 dimensional track and its error evaluation amount, and performing the target n + 1 dimensional tracking;
Based on the angle information associated with the same target by the correlating means, the plurality of angle sensors calculated based on the association method using a pair of the angle information, and the distance to the target, n + 1 of the target A second initial value calculating means for calculating an n + 1 dimensional track composed of a position and a velocity in a dimensional space and its error evaluation amount;
Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors, with the n + 1-dimensional wake calculated by the second initial value calculation means and its error evaluation amount as initial values, Reflecting the new angle information, updating the n + 1 dimensional track and its error evaluation amount, and second tracking maintaining means for performing the n + 1 dimensional tracking of the target;
Tracking pre-selection means for selectively operating either the first tracking maintenance means or the second tracking maintenance means based on an intersection angle between the plurality of angle sensors and the target;
The tracking pre-selection means includes
When the intersection angle is less than a predetermined threshold, the first tracking maintenance means is operated, and the target n + 1 dimensional track calculated by the first tracking maintenance means is adopted,
When the intersection angle is equal to or greater than the predetermined threshold, the second tracking maintaining means is operated, and the target n + 1-dimensional track calculated by the second tracking maintaining means is adopted. Feature target tracking device. Correlation means for associating n-dimensional (n is 1 or 2) angle information of a plurality of targets detected by a plurality of angle sensors with different positions so as to form a pair for each same target;
Based on the angle information associated with the same target by the correlating means and m hypothetical distances set for the target (m is 1 or more), the position and velocity of the target in n + 1 dimensional space First initial value calculating means for calculating m n + 1 dimensional tracks and their error evaluation amounts,
Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors, with the m n + 1-dimensional tracks calculated by the first initial value calculation means and the error evaluation amount as initial values. A first tracking maintaining means for reflecting the new angle information, updating the n + 1 dimensional track and its error evaluation amount, and performing the target n + 1 dimensional tracking;
Based on the angle information associated with the same target by the correlating means, the plurality of angle sensors calculated based on the association method using a pair of the angle information, and the distance to the target, n + 1 of the target A second initial value calculating means for calculating an n + 1 dimensional track composed of a position and a velocity in a dimensional space and its error evaluation amount;
Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors, with the n + 1-dimensional wake calculated by the second initial value calculation means and its error evaluation amount as initial values, Reflecting the new angle information, updating the n + 1 dimensional track and its error evaluation amount, and second tracking maintaining means for performing the n + 1 dimensional tracking of the target;
Posterior probability calculating means for calculating posterior probabilities of the first tracking maintaining means and the second tracking maintaining means;
A target track integration unit that integrates the n + 1-dimensional track of the target calculated by each of the first tracking maintenance unit and the second tracking maintenance unit based on the posterior probability from the posterior probability calculation unit; ,
Tracking pre-selection means for selecting and operating either one or both of the first tracking maintenance means and the second tracking maintenance means based on the intersection angle between the plurality of angle sensors and the target;
The tracking pre-selection means includes
When the intersection angle is less than the first threshold, the first tracking maintenance means is operated, and the target n + 1 dimensional track calculated by the first tracking maintenance means is adopted.
When the intersection angle is greater than or equal to a first threshold and less than a second threshold (second threshold> first threshold), the first tracking maintaining means and the second Operating both of the tracking maintenance means, and adopting the n + 1 dimensional track of the target integrated by the target track integration means,
When the intersection angle is greater than or equal to a second threshold value, the second tracking maintaining means is operated, and the target n + 1-dimensional track calculated by the second tracking maintaining means is adopted. Feature target tracking device. Correlation means for associating n-dimensional (n is 1 or 2) angle information of a plurality of targets detected by a plurality of angle sensors with different positions so as to form a pair for each same target;
Based on the angle information associated with the same target by the correlating means and m hypothetical distances set for the target (m is 1 or more), the position and velocity of the target in n + 1 dimensional space First initial value calculating means for calculating m n + 1 dimensional tracks and their error evaluation amounts,
Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors, with the m n + 1-dimensional tracks calculated by the first initial value calculation means and the error evaluation amount as initial values. A first tracking maintaining means for reflecting the new angle information, updating the n + 1 dimensional track and its error evaluation amount, and performing the target n + 1 dimensional tracking;
Based on the angle information associated with the same target by the correlating means, the plurality of angle sensors calculated based on the association method using a pair of the angle information, and the distance to the target, n + 1 of the target A second initial value calculating means for calculating an n + 1 dimensional track composed of a position and a velocity in a dimensional space and its error evaluation amount;
Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors, with the n + 1-dimensional wake calculated by the second initial value calculation means and its error evaluation amount as initial values, Reflecting the new angle information, updating the n + 1 dimensional track and its error evaluation amount, second tracking maintaining means for performing the target n + 1 dimensional tracking,
Posterior probability calculating means for calculating posterior probabilities of the first tracking maintaining means and the second tracking maintaining means;
Target track integration means for integrating the n + 1-dimensional track of the target calculated by each of the first tracking maintenance means and the second tracking maintenance means based on the posterior probability from the posterior probability calculation means; ,
Based on the posterior probability from the posterior probability calculating means, the n + 1-dimensional track of the target calculated by any of the first tracking maintaining means, the second tracking maintaining means, or the target track integrating means is selected. And tracking post-selection means to adopt,
The tracking post-selection means is:
Until the predetermined number of observations or observation time elapses, the target n + 1-dimensional track integrated by the target track integration unit is adopted,
Thereafter, referring to the posterior probabilities of the first tracking maintaining means and the second tracking maintaining means calculated at the time when the predetermined number of observations or observation time has elapsed, one of the tracking having a higher value is referred to. A target tracking apparatus, wherein the target n + 1-dimensional track calculated by the maintaining means is adopted. Correlation means for associating n-dimensional (n is 1 or 2) angle information of a plurality of targets detected by a plurality of angle sensors with different positions so as to form a pair for each same target;
Based on the angle information associated with the same target by the correlating means and m hypothetical distances set for the target (m is 1 or more), the position and velocity of the target in n + 1 dimensional space First initial value calculating means for calculating m n + 1 dimensional tracks and their error evaluation amounts,
Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors, with the m n + 1-dimensional tracks calculated by the first initial value calculation means and the error evaluation amount as initial values. A first tracking maintaining means for reflecting the new angle information, updating the n + 1 dimensional track and its error evaluation amount, and performing the target n + 1 dimensional tracking;
Based on the angle information associated with the same target by the correlating means, the plurality of angle sensors calculated based on the association method using a pair of the angle information, and the distance to the target, n + 1 of the target A second initial value calculating means for calculating an n + 1 dimensional track composed of a position and a velocity in a dimensional space and its error evaluation amount;
Each time new angle information for the target is acquired by any one of the plurality of angle sensors, with the n + 1-dimensional wake calculated by the second initial value calculation means and its error evaluation amount as initial values, Reflecting the new angle information, updating the n + 1 dimensional track and its error evaluation amount, and second tracking maintaining means for performing the n + 1 dimensional tracking of the target;
Posterior probability calculating means for calculating posterior probabilities of the first tracking maintaining means and the second tracking maintaining means;
A target track integration unit that integrates the n + 1-dimensional track of the target calculated by each of the first tracking maintenance unit and the second tracking maintenance unit based on the posterior probability from the posterior probability calculation unit; ,
Tracking pre-selection means for selecting and operating either one or both of the first tracking maintenance means and the second tracking maintenance means based on an intersection angle between the plurality of angle sensors and the target;
Based on the posterior probability from the posterior probability calculating means, the n + 1-dimensional track of the target calculated by any one of the first tracking maintaining means, the second tracking maintaining means, or the target track integrating means is selected. And tracking post-selection means to adopt
The tracking post-selection means is:
Until the predetermined number of observations or observation time elapses, the target n + 1-dimensional track integrated by the target track integration unit is adopted,
Thereafter, referring to the posterior probabilities of the first tracking maintaining means and the second tracking maintaining means calculated at the time when the predetermined number of observations or observation time has elapsed, one of the tracking having a higher value is referred to. Adopt the n + 1 dimensional track of the target calculated by the maintenance means,
The tracking pre-selection means includes
When the intersection angle is less than the first threshold, the first tracking maintenance means is operated, and the target n + 1-dimensional wake calculated by the first tracking maintenance means is adopted,
When the intersection angle is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than the second threshold (second threshold> first threshold), the first tracking maintaining means and the second Both of the tracking maintaining means are operated, and the target n + 1 dimensional track by the tracking post-selection means is adopted,
When the intersection angle is greater than or equal to a second threshold value, the second tracking maintaining means is operated, and the target n + 1-dimensional track calculated by the second tracking maintaining means is adopted. Feature target tracking device.   The first tracking maintaining means includes a range parameterized extended Kalman filter, a range parameterized unsented Kalman filter, or a range parameterized metric particle filter. 6. The target tracking device according to claim 1, wherein the target tracking device is configured as follows.   The first initial value calculation means and the second initial value calculation means correspond to the first tracking maintenance means or the second tracking maintenance means selected by the tracking pre-selection means. The target tracking device according to any one of claims 2, 3, and 5, wherein only one side operates. The target track integration means is
N + 1-dimensional track of the target from the tracking maintenance means corresponding to one of the first tracking maintenance means and the second tracking maintenance means, which is calculated by the posterior probability calculation means, and has a high posterior probability for each of the first tracking maintenance means and the second tracking maintenance means. Or
The n + 1-dimensional track of the target from the first tracking maintaining means and the second tracking maintaining means is output with a weighted average based on the respective posterior probabilities, and output. The target tracking device according to any one of claims 3 to 5. In the case where the first tracking maintaining means is configured by a range parameterized extended Kalman filter or a range parameterized unscented Kalman filter,
The first tracking maintaining means may perform a predetermined number of observations from m target n + 1-dimensional tracks calculated and updated by sub-filters provided corresponding to the m hypothetical distances, or 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein one of the highest posterior probabilities is selected at the time when the observation time has elapsed, and thereafter, the target n + 1-dimensional track is output by the selected sub-filter. The target tracking device according to item 1.

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