JP2010179286A - Water purifying apparatus and water purifying method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To compensate the concentration decline of a chemical solution in a chemical tank, and to achieve a favorable water purification. <P>SOLUTION: The water purifying apparatus includes: an underwater pump 2 which supplies raw water; a tank filter 6 which removes impurity contained in the raw water by flowing in the raw water supplied by the underwater pump 2; a chemical solution injection device 5 which has a chemical tank 5a for accommodating a chemical solution and which injects a chemical solution into the tank filter 6 from the chemical tank 5a; a time measuring part 29 which measures an elapsed time from the replenishment of the chemical solution to the chemical tank 5a; and a control part 32 which controls the time measuring part 29 so that it may increase the injection ratio of the chemical solution every time the predetermined time is measured. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a water purification device and a water purification method for removing and purifying impurities such as iron and manganese contained in raw water taken from a water source such as a well.

  This type of water purifier removes iron, manganese ions, etc. contained in well water, and fills the inside with ceramic filter sand or manganese filter media coated with manganese dioxide to sterilize it. The well water can be used as drinking water using the filtered tank.

  Moreover, the chlorine injection apparatus which inject | pours sodium hypochlorite as disinfection and an oxidizing agent is installed in the primary side of the filtration tank. Chlorine injector has a chemical tank and a liquid level meter for storing sodium hypochlorite, a flow rate detection unit for flow proportional injection having a rotor blade with a magnet for detecting the filtration flow rate, a constant proportional to the filtration flow rate It consists of a diaphragm pump for injecting an amount of sodium hypochlorite, a pipe through which raw water passes, a chemical solution injection section, and the like (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  And the hypochlorous acid inject | poured with the chlorine injection | pouring apparatus oxidizes the iron ion contained in raw | natural water, makes it insoluble ferric hydroxide, and is trapped with the filter medium.

  In addition, manganese ions in the raw water are not oxidized or precipitated by hypochlorous acid, but are contact-oxidized by the autocatalytic action of the manganese-coated filter medium inside the filter tank and adhere to the filter medium as hydrated manganese dioxide. It is known.

  Hydrated manganese dioxide on the surface of the filter medium is always activated by the remaining hypochlorous acid, and it is extremely important to inject sodium hypochlorite with an appropriate concentration into the raw water.

By the way, sodium hypochlorite is an unstable vaporizable liquid, which is self-decomposed by storage temperature (remarkable at 30 ° C or higher) and ultraviolet rays, and mainly generates oxygen gas as shown in the chemical formula below. It is known that the effective chlorine concentration decreases. 2NaClO → 2NaCl + O ₂
JP 2003-164710 A

  However, in the past, the diaphragm pump used in the chlorine injection device described above is small and easy to incorporate in the device, and its pump characteristics are suitable for precision injection, but it is a constant injection amount set at the beginning. Therefore, there was a disadvantage that it was not possible to compensate for the decrease in the concentration of sodium hypochlorite in the chemical tank.

  These problems are prominent when 12% undiluted solution is used for the chemical stored in the chemical tank or when the injection concentration needs to be set high, such as when the concentration of iron / manganese in the raw water is high or ammonia is present. there were.

  This invention was made paying attention to the said situation, The place made into the objective is to compensate the density | concentration fall of the chemical | medical solution in a chemical | medical solution tank, and to provide the water purifier and the water purifying method which enabled it to purify water well. is there.

  In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is a raw water pump that supplies raw water, a filtration tank that removes impurities contained in the raw water by flowing in the raw water supplied by the raw water pump, and a chemical solution. A chemical solution injecting means for injecting a chemical solution from the chemical solution tank into the filtration tank, a time measuring unit for measuring an elapsed time from the replenishment of the chemical solution to the chemical solution tank, and this time measurement And a control means for controlling to increase the injection ratio of the drug solution every time the unit measures a certain time.

  Invention of Claim 6 supplies raw | natural water with a raw | natural water pump, makes the raw | natural water supplied by the said raw | natural water pump flow in in a filtration tank, the impurity contained in the said raw water is removed, and chemical | medical solution injection | pouring means in the said filtration tank The chemical solution is injected from the inside of the chemical solution tank, the elapsed time from the time of replenishment of the chemical solution to the chemical solution tank is measured, and the injection ratio of the chemical solution is controlled to increase at regular intervals.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the density | concentration fall of the chemical | medical solution in a chemical | medical solution tank is compensated, and it can purify favorably.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a water flow path of a water purifier according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

  In the figure, 1 is a well as a water source, and a submersible pump 2 is inserted into the well 1. A filtration tank 6 is connected to the discharge port 2 a of the submersible pump 2 through a water pipe 3. In the middle of the water pipe 3, a backwash drain valve 33 and an inlet 9 for injecting sodium hypochlorite (hereinafter referred to as a chemical solution) are provided.

  A filter medium 11 such as anthracite, filter sand, or ceramic filter sand coated with manganese dioxide on the surface is housed in the filter tank 6 in a layer having a certain height. Furthermore, a resin filter 14 having slit-like holes is provided on the lower side in the filtration tank 6.

  In addition, a water receiving tank 17 is connected to the side surface of the filtration tank 6 through an outflow pipe 15, and a backwash switching valve 22, a flow rate detection section 8, and a washing water are discharged to the middle part of the outflow pipe 15. A cleaning drain valve 34 is provided.

  The flow rate detector 8 includes a rotor blade with a magnet (not shown), and the rotor blade with the magnet rotates according to the amount of water flowing through the outflow pipe 15, and pulses generated by the movement of the magnet according to the rotation. The flow rate is detected by reading. The flow rate detector 8 may be provided on the inflow side of the filtration tank.

  Further, a water supply facility (not shown) is connected to the water receiving tank 17 through a water supply pipe so that water can be supplied. Further, the water receiving tank 17 is connected to the filtration tank 6 through a water pipe 23, a backwash pump 24, and a motor operated valve 22.

  On the other hand, in the vicinity of the filtration tank 6 described above, a chemical liquid injection device 5 is provided as a chemical liquid injection means for injecting the chemical liquid into the filtration tank 6. The chemical solution injection device 5 includes a chemical solution tank 5a that stores the chemical solution, and a diaphragm pump 5b that supplies the chemical solution in the chemical solution tank 5a to the primary side of the filtration tank 6 through the injection pipe 25 and the injection port 9. .

  Further, a temperature detection unit 28 that detects the outside air temperature is provided in the vicinity of the chemical liquid injector 5.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the control system 26 of the above-described water purifier.

  The flow rate detection unit 8 and the temperature detection unit 28 described above are connected to a control unit 32 as control means via a transmission circuit.

  In addition, the control unit 32 includes a diaphragm pump 5b, a submersible pump 2, a backwash switching valve 22, a backwash pump 24, a backwash drain valve 33, and a wash drain valve 34 through the control circuit. It is connected.

  Next, operation | movement of an above-described water purifier is demonstrated.

(Purification operation)
During the purification operation, the controller 32 drives the submersible pump 2 to pump up the raw water (well water) in the well 1. This raw water is sent into the filtration tank 6 through the water conduit 3 and passes through the filter medium 11. As a result, impure components such as iron and manganese contained in the raw water are captured and removed, and the purified water becomes clear and reaches the inner bottom of the filtration tank 6. The purified water that has been purified flows out into the outflow pipe 15 through the filter 14 and is sent to the water receiving tank 17 through the outflow pipe 15. The purified water accommodated in the water receiving tank 17 is sent to a water supply facility (not shown) through a water supply pipe and used for various purposes. During this purification operation, the flow rate of the purified water flowing out from the filtration tank 6 to the outflow pipe 15 is detected by the flow rate detection unit 8, and the chemical solution is fed from the chemical solution injection device 5 into the filtration tank 6 at an injection ratio corresponding to the detected flow rate value. Injected into.

  If this purification operation is continued, impure components such as iron and manganese are gradually accumulated in the filter medium 11, and if a predetermined amount or more is accumulated, normal filtration cannot be performed, so the purification operation is switched to the backwash operation. . The control unit 32 determines whether or not the impure component is accumulated in a predetermined amount or more. When the impure component is accumulated in a predetermined amount or more, the purification operation is switched to the backwash operation.

(Backwash operation)
During the backwash operation, the operation of the submersible pump 2 is stopped by the control means 32, the backwash switching valve 22 is switched, the backwash drain valve 33 is opened, and the backwash pump 24 is operated. By the operation of the backwash pump 24, purified clarified water in the water receiving tank 17 is sent to the filtration tank 6 through the water conduit 23. This clarified water is ejected to the inner bottom portion of the filtration tank 6 through the filter 14. The jetted clear water flows from the lower layer of the filter medium 11 toward the upper layer and is discharged from the backwash drain valve 33.

  At the time of this backwashing operation, the clarified water flows so as to flow backward from the lower layer to the upper layer of the filter medium 11 contrary to the case of the purification operation. Removed. The clarified water becomes sewage by containing impure components, and the sewage is discharged to the outside as waste water from the backwash drain valve 33 and discarded to a predetermined disposal unit.

  This backwash operation is completed for a predetermined time under the control of the control means 32, but immediately after this backwash operation, the polluted water remains in the filtration tank 6, so that the operation is switched to the wash operation.

(Washing operation)
During the washing operation, the control means 32 stops the operation of the backwash pump 24, opens the washing drain valve 34, and operates the submersible pump 2. Well water is sent to the excess tank 6 by driving the submersible pump 2. The well water flows through the filter medium 11 and the filter 14 to the inner bottom portion of the filtration tank 6, and then is discharged from the cleaning drain valve 34 through the outflow pipe 15.

  By the way, in the control system 26 of the above-described water purifier, a time measuring unit 29 and a manual setting unit 30 are provided, and the time measuring unit 29 and the manual setting unit 30 are connected to the control unit 32 via a transmission circuit. ing.

  The time measuring unit 29 measures the elapsed time from the time of replenishing the chemical solution into the chemical solution tank 5a, and the manual setting unit 30 sets the injection ratio of the chemical solution.

  The control unit 32 controls the operation of the diaphragm pump 5b so that the injection ratio of the chemical solution increases every time the time measuring unit 29 measures a certain time.

  The control unit 32 can set an initial setting time for increasing the injection ratio (the initial setting time may be a fixed value), and sets an initial value of the injection ratio.

  The control unit 32 has a function of setting the injection ratio of the chemical solution for the flow rate proportional control of the raw water, and an increase interval or an increase rate of the injection ratio of the chemical solution to be increased by the set injection ratio is set. Come different.

  Therefore, the control unit 32 performs control so as to increase the injection ratio of the chemical solution every fixed time obtained by dividing the initial setting time set to increase the injection ratio of the chemical liquid by the injection ratio set manually. It is like that.

  During the purification operation described above, a chemical solution is injected into the filtration tank 6 from the chemical solution injection device 5, and the injection ratio of this chemical solution is increased at regular intervals since the chemical solution is replenished into the chemical solution tank 5a. Therefore, even when the concentration of the chemical solution in the chemical solution tank 5a decreases with the passage of time, the concentration of the chemical solution in the filtration tank 6 can be properly maintained, and good water purification becomes possible.

  The concentration reduction rate of the chemical solution in the chemical solution tank 5a described above varies depending on the temperature ≈ the liquid temperature, and the concentration decrease becomes significant when the ambient temperature is 30 ° C. or higher. Therefore, the control unit 32 detects the temperature detection unit 28. Based on the detected temperature, it is also possible to control so as to increase the injection ratio of the chemical solution every predetermined integration time by integrating and measuring the time above a certain temperature (for example, 30 ° C.).

  FIG. 3 shows a specific example in which the chemical injection ratio is increased.

  FIG. 3 shows a case where the chemical solution injection ratio P is increased by 1% 24 hours before 100 × P / P.

  For example, when the initial injection ratio P of 12% chemical solution is set to 50%, the dilution ratio determined by the flow characteristics of the flow rate detector 8 and the diaphragm pump 5b (the inflow flow rate of the diaphragm pump with respect to the raw water flow rate) is 1/2500. Assuming that the inflow ratio is 100%, 12% × 10000 × 1/2500 = 48 mg / L. Therefore, when the injection ratio is increased by 1%, the injection concentration of “48 × 1/100 = 0.48 mg / L” is Will be up.

  On the other hand, the controller 32 may measure the number of times that the injection ratio of the chemical solution has been increased, and stop the increase in injection ratio (temperature compensation) when the number of times of measurement reaches a predetermined number or more. Further, it is detected that the chemical solution in the chemical solution tank 5a is drowned, or the injection ratio is reset to the original initial setting value based on the injection ratio set by the manual setting unit 30, and the integration time is reset. Then, the elapsed time may be integrated and measured again every reset, and an upper limit value at which the injection ratio can be increased may be set. As a result, the residual chlorine concentration can be properly maintained during the period until the next chemical solution replenishment without excessively increasing the injection ratio.

  FIG. 4 shows the water purifier which is the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  The same parts as those described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  A filtration tank 106 is connected to the discharge port 2a of the submersible pump 2 supplied to the well 1 through water pipes 103a, 103b, 103c. A flow rate detection unit 108 that detects the flow rate of raw water and a chemical solution injection device 105 as a chemical injection unit are provided in the middle of the water conduit 103a. The chemical solution injector 105 includes a chemical solution tank 105a that stores the chemical solution, and a diaphragm pump 105b that injects the chemical solution in the chemical solution tank 105a into the water pipe 103a. Further, a temperature detector 128 that detects the outside air temperature is provided in the vicinity of the chemical liquid injector 5.

  A backwash drain valve 133 is provided between the water pipe 103b and the water pipe 103c. Water supply pipes 115a, 115b, and 115c are connected to the side wall of the filtration tank 106, and a cleaning drain valve 134 is provided in the middle of the water supply pipe 115c.

  A filter medium 111 such as anthracite, filter sand, ceramic filter sand coated with manganese dioxide on the surface, and the like is accommodated in the filter tank 106 in a layer of a certain height. Furthermore, a resin filter 114 having slit-like holes is provided on the lower side in the filtration tank 106.

  Next, operation | movement of an above-described water purifier is demonstrated.

(Purification operation)
During the purification operation, the controller 32 drives the submersible pump 2 to pump up the raw water (well water) in the well 1. This raw water is sent into the filtration tank 6 through the water pipes 103a, 103b, and 103c, and passes through the filter medium 111. As a result, impure components such as iron and manganese contained in the raw water are captured and removed, and the purified water becomes clear and reaches the inner bottom of the filtration tank 106. The purified water that has been purified flows out through the filter 114, is sent to a water supply facility (not shown) via the water supply pipes 115a, 115b, and 115c, and is used for various applications.

  During this purification operation, the flow rate of the raw water flowing through the water conduit 103a is detected by the flow rate detector 108, and the chemical solution is sent from the chemical solution injector 5 to the water conduit 103 and injected into the filtration tank 6 according to the detected flow rate value. .

  If this purification operation is continued, impure components such as iron and manganese are gradually accumulated in the filter medium 111, and if a predetermined amount or more is accumulated, normal filtration cannot be performed, so the purification operation is switched to the backwash operation. . The control unit 32 determines whether or not the impure component is accumulated in a predetermined amount or more. When the impure component is accumulated in a predetermined amount or more, the purification operation is switched to the backwash operation.

(Backwash operation)
During the backwash operation, the submersible pump 2 is operated by the control unit 32, and the raw water is sent to the filtration tank 106 through the water pipe 103a, the backwash switching valve 122, and the water supply pipe 115a. This raw water is jetted to the inner bottom of the filtration tank 6 through the filter 114. The jetted clear water flows from the lower layer of the filter medium 111 toward the upper layer and is drained through the water conduit 103 c and the backwash drain valve 133.

  At the time of this backwash operation, the raw water is circulated so as to flow backward from the lower layer to the upper layer of the filter medium 111, and the filter medium 111 is rinsed with the raw water, and most of the impure components are separated and removed. The Then, the raw water containing the impure component is discharged to the outside as waste water from the backwash drain valve 133 and discarded to a predetermined disposal unit.

  This backwash operation is completed after a predetermined time. However, immediately after the backwash operation, since contaminated water remains in the filter tank 106, the backwash operation is switched to the wash operation.

(Washing operation)
During the washing operation, the submersible pump 2 is operated and well water is sent to the filtration tank 6 through the water pipes 103a, 103b, 103c. The well water is flowed to the inner bottom of the filtration tank 6 through the filter medium 111 and the filter 14, and then discharged from the washing drain valve 134 through the water supply pipe 115a, the backwash switching valve 122, and the water supply pipes 115b and 115c. The

  In the second embodiment, the chemical liquid injector 105 includes a control unit 132, and the control unit 132 has a control function similar to that of the control unit 32 in the first embodiment described above.

  That is, the control unit 132 controls the operation of the diaphragm pump 105b so that the injection ratio of the chemical solution increases every time the measuring unit 29 measures a certain time.

  Further, the control unit 132 performs control so as to integrate and measure a time equal to or higher than a certain temperature (for example, 30 ° C.) based on the detected temperature detected by the temperature detecting unit 128 and to increase the injection ratio of the chemical solution every certain accumulated time. You may make it do.

  Further, the control unit 132 may measure the number of times that the injection ratio of the chemical solution has been increased, and stop the increase in the injection ratio (temperature compensation) when the number of times of measurement becomes a predetermined number or more. Furthermore, when it is detected that the chemical solution in the chemical solution tank 105a has been drowned or when the injection ratio is set by the manual setting unit 30, the injection ratio is returned to the original initial set value and the accumulated time is reset. Then, the elapsed time may be integrated and measured again every reset, and an upper limit value at which the injection ratio can be increased may be set.

  This second embodiment also provides the same operational effects as the first embodiment described above.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as it is, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. Various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the above-described embodiments. For example, you may delete some components from all the components shown by embodiment mentioned above. Furthermore, you may combine the component covering different embodiment suitably.

The schematic block diagram which shows the water purifier which is the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the control system of the water purifier of FIG. The figure which shows the specific example which increases the injection ratio of a chemical | medical solution for every fixed time. The schematic block diagram which shows the water purifier which is the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

2 ... Submersible pump (raw water pump), 5 ... Chemical solution injection device (chemical solution injection means), 5a ... Chemical solution tank, 5
b ... infusion pump (infusion pump), 6 ... filtration tank, 8 ... flow rate detector, 28 ... temperature detector, 29
... time measuring part, 30 ... manual setting part, 32 ... control part (control means).

Claims (6)

A raw water pump for supplying raw water;
A filtration tank for removing impurities contained in the raw water by flowing in the raw water supplied by the raw water pump;
A chemical solution injecting means for injecting the chemical solution from the chemical solution tank into the filtration tank,
A time measuring unit for measuring an elapsed time from replenishment of the chemical solution to the chemical solution tank;
A water purifier comprising: a control unit configured to control the time measurement unit to increase the injection ratio of the chemical solution every time a predetermined time is measured. A temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the chemical solution;
2. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the control unit performs integrated measurement of time equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature detected by the temperature detection unit, and performs control so as to increase the injection ratio of the chemical solution every fixed integration time. Water purification equipment. A manual setting unit for setting the injection ratio of the chemical solution;
The control means sets an initial setting time and an initial injection ratio for increasing the injection ratio of the chemical solution, and is obtained by dividing the initial setting time by the injection ratio of the chemical solution set by the manual setting unit. 3. The water purifier according to claim 1, wherein the water purifier is controlled so as to increase the injection ratio of the chemical solution every time. The control means measures the number of times the injection ratio of the chemical solution has been increased and controls to stop the increase of the injection ratio based on counting a predetermined number of times or more. The water purifier according to any one of 3. The control means detects that there is no remaining amount of the chemical liquid, or returns the chemical liquid injection ratio that is increased based on the change of the chemical liquid injection ratio in the manual setting unit to the original initial setting value. In addition, the integrated time is reset, and the water purifier according to any one of claims 3 and 4. The raw water is supplied by the raw water pump,
Removing the impurities contained in the raw water by flowing the raw water supplied by the raw water pump into the filtration tank;
Injecting the chemical solution from the chemical solution tank by the chemical solution injection means into the filtration tank,
A water purification method characterized by measuring an elapsed time from the time of replenishment of the chemical solution to the chemical solution tank and controlling to increase the injection ratio of the chemical solution at regular time intervals.

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