JP2010174489A - Structure having drainage slope outside building having excellent heat resistance - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure capable of preventing the occurrence of deformation even if opening parts using high performance glass such as double glazing or the like exist on an external drainage slope face constituted by using a synthetic resin foam material as a substrate material. <P>SOLUTION: In this structure, the substrate material forming drainage slope to be constituted in the outside of a building is the synthetic resin foam material prepared by foaming a resin composition containing a copolymer formed by an aromatic vinyl unit and a vinyl cyanide unit to provide the structure having the drainage slope having the above characteristic. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure of an external water gradient surface constructed with a gradient that guides the flow of water to the outside of the building, such as a building roof, a veranda, or a balcony floor.

  Conventionally, when forming a water gradient constructed outside the building, it takes skill to form the water gradient required by ironing mortar, so a gradient plate that can form the necessary water gradient is provided. It is known that after laying as a base material, a waterproof layer is formed so that a water gradient can be obtained. It is also known that the gradient plate is made of a foam of a thermoplastic synthetic resin such as polystyrene, polyurethane, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, or phenol resin (Patent Document 1).

Among these, polystyrene foam is desirable in terms of pressure resistance, light weight, and low water absorption, and is widely used as a gradient plate. Furthermore, extruded polystyrene foam is inexpensive, highly recyclable, and excellent in processability to gradient plates.
However, extruded polystyrene foam has the disadvantage that it is inferior in heat resistance, and there have been cases where it becomes a problem when used on a water gradient outside a building that is heavily heated by solar radiation.

  By the way, recently, in order to improve the heat insulation of a building, there are increasing cases of using a double-glazed glass for a window or a glass having a high reflectance. High-performance window glass as described above reflects solar radiation and radiant heat more easily than conventional single-panel glass, so the finishing material, waterproof layer, and water gradient base material that make up the veranda and balcony are heated to a higher temperature. It is. Specifically, in the case of heating only by direct sunlight, the surface temperature of the water gradient base material only rises to about 85 ° C, whereas when reflected by high-performance window glass, the temperature rises to 100 ° C or higher. There is a case. As a result, the synthetic resin foam used as the water gradient base material may have a problem that it expands by secondary foaming or melts and contracts.

  For such problems, a method using a synthetic resin foam having a glass transition point of 100 ° C. or higher, particularly a modified polyphenylene ether resin foam which is a mixed resin of polystyrene and polyphenylene ether, as a water gradient base material. It has been proposed (Patent Document 2). However, the heat resistance of the modified polyphenylene ether resin foam, which is a mixed resin of 2 to 8 parts by weight of polyphenylene ether with respect to 100 parts by weight of polystyrene that is optimal in Patent Document 2, is insufficient. There is a point.

  Therefore, there has been a long-awaited demand for a foam that has even better heat resistance and can reliably prevent problems when used as a water gradient base material.

JP-A-5-311819 JP 2007-224578 A

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a water gradient outside a building configured with a synthetic resin foam as a water gradient base material is adjacent to an opening using a high performance glass such as a multi-layer glass. Even if it exists, it aims at not causing a deformation | transformation.

As a result of diligent research to solve the above-described problems, the present inventors have heretofore used polystyrene foam that has been widely used as a water gradient base material and a modified polyphenylene ether-based resin foam that has a slightly higher heat resistance than polystyrene. Furthermore, by using a synthetic resin foam having higher heat resistance as a water gradient base material, a structure having a water gradient outside the building that does not deform even when heated by solar radiation and reflection at the opening is realized. It was.
[1] The structure of the water gradient according to the present invention is a structure having a water gradient outside the building, and the base material forming the water gradient is a co-weight consisting of at least an aromatic vinyl unit and a vinyl cyanide unit. The present invention relates to a structure having a water gradient characterized by using a synthetic resin foam obtained by foaming a resin composition containing the coalescence (A).
[2] The aromatic vinyl unit constituting the copolymer (A) is preferably a styrene unit.
[3] The vinyl cyanide unit constituting the copolymer (A) is preferably an acrylonitrile unit.
[4] The structure having a water gradient according to the present invention is particularly effective when provided in the water gradient in the front surface area of the opening.
[5] The water gradient structure according to the present invention is particularly effective when adjacent to the opening using the double-glazed glass.
[6] The water gradient structure according to the present invention is suitable when a waterproof layer using a vinyl chloride resin-based sheet is provided above the water gradient base material.

  According to the present invention, a copolymer composed of an aromatic vinyl unit and a vinyl cyanide unit is formed on a part or all of a synthetic resin foam used as a base material for a structure having a water gradient constructed outside a building ( By using a synthetic resin foam having high heat resistance, which is obtained by foaming a resin composition containing A), a structure having a water gradient that does not cause deformation even when heated by solar radiation and reflection from an opening; can do. Further, when a vinyl chloride resin-based sheet is used as the waterproof layer, the synthetic resin foam made of the copolymer (A) of the present invention has resistance to the plasticizer, so that it is not necessary to use an insulating material.

It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram (perspective view) of the water gradient base material of a balcony. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the example of a shape of the water gradient base material which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the use condition of the water gradient base material which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the use condition of the water gradient base material which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of a combination of the foam which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of a combination of the foam which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of a combination of the foam which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the lamp installation position and thickness measurement location in the lamp irradiation test in an Example.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as appropriate. In addition, this embodiment is only an example of this invention, and it cannot be overemphasized that it can change suitably in the range which does not change the summary of this invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an external water gradient surface in a balcony, showing an example of the external water gradient surface according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, an external water gradient surface 22 is formed on the floor surface of the balcony so as to be gently inclined downward from the outer wall side of the building toward the handrail wall 9. A water gradient base material 2 having an inclination described later is laid on the balcony floor 1. A waterproof layer 3 is applied on the laid water gradient base layer 2, and a finishing material 4 is applied thereon. (The finishing material may be omitted.)
Further, an opening 6 using the window glass 8 is provided adjacent to the external water gradient surface 22.

  FIG. 2 shows a shape example of the water gradient base material 2 according to the present invention. The broken line in FIG. 2 is for making the slope surface easy to understand, and represents the shape when both surfaces are horizontal surfaces. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the water gradient base material has a gradient surface 5 having a uniform downward slope from one side of the parallelogram to the other side facing the parallelogram. In addition, the shape of the water gradient base material 2, especially the shape of the gradient surface 5, can be variously selected according to the inclination state of the external water gradient surface to be formed.

The water gradient base material 2 does not need to be a single synthetic resin foam, and a plurality of synthetic resin foams can be combined.
That is, in the water gradient base material 2, the thickness of the highest part and the bottom part is gradually reduced from the outer wall side of the building toward the handrail wall 9, and the gradient surface 5 of each water gradient base material 2 is continuous. A series of inclined surfaces may be configured. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, one or more parallel plates 21 having both horizontal surfaces are laid under the water gradient base material 2 having the same maximum thickness and the lowest thickness (cross-sectional shape). The thickness of the water gradient base material 2 can be adjusted so that the gradient surface 12 of each water gradient base material 2 becomes a continuous series of inclined surfaces. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, the inclined surface may be secured by laying a flat base material 23 having both sides horizontal on the upper surface of the base material having the inclined surface. This method is preferable because it saves labor and cost of processing the synthetic resin foam having high heat resistance according to the present invention so as to have a sloped surface and can be supplied at a low cost.

  In the structure having the water gradient of the present invention, the synthetic resin foam having high heat resistance according to the present invention is used for the surface layer member of the water gradient base material 2 of the external water gradient surface 12 in at least the front surface region of the opening. Even when the reflected light from the window glass is strongly received, the synthetic resin foam used for the water gradient base material 2 can have a structure that is unlikely to cause problems such as shrinkage and expansion due to dissolution.

The opening front region in the present invention is a region that is strongly affected by the reflection of sunlight by a window glass 8 to be described later in the water gradient surface.
When adjacent to the balcony, the opening 6 in the outer wall surface is usually a sweep window through which people can enter and exit. In recent years, in order to improve the heat insulation of buildings, the window glass 8 is often a double-glazed glass.
In addition, as a double-glazed glass, there exists a normal double-glazed glass which sandwiched dry air between two transparent float glass. In addition, as multi-layer glass, there is also one in which LOW-E glass having a metal coating on one side of float glass is used on one side of two glasses (however, heat insulation using LOW-E glass on the indoor side) A double-glazed glass or a heat-shielded double-glazed glass using LOW-E glass on the outdoor side may be used). Furthermore, in order to prevent permeation of solar radiation into the room, a resident or the like may have a reflective sheet attached to the window glass.

  The opening front region that is strongly influenced by the reflection by the window glass 8 such as a multi-layer glass is a region having a width equal to or greater than that of the opening 6 and a horizontal distance of about 1 m from the opening. That is, the height of the opening is usually about 2 m, and the balcony usually has ridges. Therefore, assuming that the ridges are 1 m, when the solar altitude is 45 degrees, the sunlight is reflected within a horizontal distance of 1 m. . In a time zone where the solar altitude is higher than 45 degrees, the amount of solar radiation increases, but the horizontal distance of sunlight reflection is less than 1 m. In the time zone when the solar altitude is lower than 45 degrees, the amount of solar radiation is small, and there is no problem of deformation.

  The reflected light from the window glass 8 such as a multi-layer glass varies depending on the direction of the window and the like, but in many cases, it is the strongest at any point in the opening front region. For this reason, all the gradient base materials 2 in the front surface area of the opening may be made of a synthetic resin foam having high heat resistance according to the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, it is assumed that the gradient base material 2 only in the part is made of a synthetic resin foam having high heat resistance, as shown in FIGS. Also good. In this case, as another foam, for example, an extruded polystyrene foam that has been conventionally used as a gradient material base material is preferable from the viewpoint of cost (low cost).

  The waterproof layer 3 includes asphalt waterproofing, sheet waterproofing, coating film waterproofing, and the sheet waterproofing includes vinyl chloride resin sheet waterproofing, vulcanized rubber sheet waterproofing, non-vulcanized rubber sheet waterproofing, thermoplastic elastomer. Examples thereof include water-based sheet waterproofing and ethylene-vinyl acetate resin-based sheet waterproofing, and vinyl chloride resin-based sheet waterproofing is common. However, in vinyl chloride resin sheet waterproofing, the plasticizer contained in the vinyl chloride resin sheet may adversely affect the synthetic resin foam used for the water gradient base material, such as shrinkage and expansion due to dissolution. . In particular, when the synthetic resin foam used for the water gradient base material is a polystyrene foam, it is likely to be adversely affected. Therefore, it is usually necessary to lay an insulating material such as a paper sheet, a glass fiber sheet, or a calcium plate.

  On the other hand, the synthetic resin foam having high heat resistance of the present invention is suitable as a gradient base material for waterproofing a vinyl chloride resin sheet because it has resistance to a plasticizer and does not require an insulating material.

  Hereinafter, the synthetic resin foam used as the water gradient base material 2 outside the building will be described in detail. The synthetic resin foam in the present invention is obtained by foaming a resin composition containing a copolymer (A) comprising an aromatic vinyl unit and a vinyl cyanide unit.

  Examples of the aromatic vinyl unit constituting the copolymer (A) include styrene, α-methylstyrene, ethylstyrene, isopropylstyrene, dimethylstyrene, bromostyrene, chlorostyrene, vinyltoluene, and vinylxylene. Of these, styrene and α-methylstyrene are preferable because they are industrially inexpensive, and styrene, which is cheaper, is most preferable.

  Examples of the vinyl cyanide unit constituting the copolymer (A) include acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, and α-chloroacrylonitrile. Of these, acrylonitrile is preferred because it is industrially inexpensive.

  The proportion of vinyl cyanide units constituting the copolymer (A) is preferably 15% by weight to 33% by weight in consideration of compatibility with the aromatic vinyl units.

  In addition to the above resin composition, other resins such as styrene homopolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, high impact polystyrene, styrene-α-methylstyrene-acrylonitrile copolymer may be used as necessary. A polymer etc. can be used together.

  In the resin composition, 3 to 10 parts by weight of a foaming agent containing no chlorine atom can be used with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin mixture made of the copolymer (A). In addition, as such a foaming agent, one or more of a physical foaming agent and a chemical foaming agent can be used. The absence of a chlorine atom is preferable because it reduces the burden on the environment, but it is not always necessary to contain no chlorine atom in order to achieve the object of the present invention.

  Examples of physical blowing agents include hydrocarbons such as propane, n-butane, i-butane, n-pentane, i-pentane, neopentane, cyclopentane, hexane, cyclohexane, methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, propyl chloride, and chloride. Alkyl chlorides such as isopropyl, 1,1-difluoroethane, 1,2-difluoroethane, 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, 1,1,2-trifluoroethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, fluorinated hydrocarbons such as 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane, difluoromethane, trifluoromethane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water, argon, helium, etc. Inorganic gas, dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, isopropyl ether Ethers such as n-butyl ether, diisoamyl ether, furan, furafur, 2-methylfuran, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, formic acid methyl ester, formic acid ethyl ester, formic acid propyl ester, formic acid butyl ester, formic acid amyl ester, propionic acid methyl ester Carboxylic acid esters such as ethyl propionate, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, i-propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, i-butyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, dimethyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, diethyl ketone, methyl -N-propyl ketone, methyl-n-butyl ketone, methyl-i-butyl ketone, methyl-n-amyl ketone, methyl-n-hexyl ketone, ethyl-n Propyl ketone, ketones such as ethyl -n- butyl ketone. These can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.

  Examples of the chemical blowing agent include N, N′-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine, p, p′-oxybis-benzenesulfonylhydrazide, hydrazodicarbonamide, sodium carbonate, azodicarbonamide, terephthalazide, 5-phenyltetrazole, p -Toluenesulfonyl semicarbazide and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Among the above-mentioned blowing agents, from the viewpoint of protecting the ozone layer, hydrocarbons such as propane, n-butane, i-butane, n-pentane, i-pentane, neopentane, cyclopentane, hexane, cyclohexane, methyl chloride, Alkyl chlorides such as ethyl chloride, propyl chloride, isopropyl chloride, inorganic gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water, argon, helium, dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, isopropyl ether, n-butyl ether, diisoamyl ether, etc. And ethers such as methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, i-propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, i-butyl alcohol and t-butyl alcohol are preferred.

  Of the above-mentioned foaming agents, considering the weight reduction of the synthetic resin foam and the stability of extrusion foaming, as the foaming agent, the thermoplastic resin mixture 100 containing the copolymer (A) is used. It is preferable to contain 0.5 to 10 parts by weight of at least one selected from the group consisting of a) ethers and alkyl chlorides and b) 0 to 6 parts by weight of hydrocarbons with respect to parts by weight.

  Examples of the ether include the ethers described above, and among these, dimethyl ether is preferable because the extrusion pressure during extrusion foaming is reduced and the extrusion foam is stably produced. The amount of ether used is preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 1.5 to 6 parts by weight, and even more preferably 3 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin mixture. . If the amount of ether used is within the above range, gas dispersibility in the resin composition is good and foamability is good.

  Examples of the alkyl chloride include methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, propyl chloride, and isopropyl chloride. Of these, methyl chloride and ethyl chloride are preferable because the extrusion pressure during extrusion foaming is reduced and the extrusion foam is stably produced. The amount of alkyl chloride used is preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 1.5 to 6 parts by weight, still more preferably 3 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin mixture. is there. When the amount of alkyl chloride used is within the above range, gas dispersibility in the resin composition is good and foamability is good.

  Examples of the hydrocarbon include the hydrocarbons described above, but if the boiling point is too low, the vapor pressure in the resin composition increases during extrusion foaming, and the high-pressure resin composition is controlled. When the boiling point is too high, the foaming agent remains in a liquid state in the bubbles of the synthetic resin foam, and the heat resistance of the synthetic resin foam tends to be lowered. Accordingly, the hydrocarbon is preferably a saturated hydrocarbon having a boiling point in the range of −50 to 85 ° C. Such saturated hydrocarbons include propane, cyclopropane, n-butane, i-butane, cyclobutane, n-pentane, i-pentane, neopentane, cyclopentane, hexane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, 1 , 2-dimethylbutane, cyclohexane and the like. Among these, propane, n-butane, i-butane, n-pentane, i-pentane, neopentane, cyclopentane, n-hexane and cyclohexane are preferable from the viewpoint of production stability. As a usage-amount of hydrocarbon, 0-6 weight part is preferable, More preferably, it is 2-5 weight part. If the amount of hydrocarbon used is within the above range, a foam having good foamability and moldability tends to be obtained.

  In the present invention, it is preferable to add a flame retardant to the resin composition. More preferably, at least one selected from halogen-based flame retardants is used as the flame retardant. Moreover, you may make a phosphate ester type compound and a nitrogen-containing compound coexist with the said flame retardant.

  Further, in the present invention, an inorganic compound such as silica, mica, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium stearate, sodium stearate, magnesium stearate, as long as it does not inhibit the effects of the present invention as necessary. Additives such as processing aids such as barium stearate, liquid paraffin, olefin waxes, stearylamide compounds, antistatic agents, and colorants may be used.

  In the present invention, a stabilizer may be used as necessary. Examples of the stabilizer used in the present invention include light-resistant stabilizers such as phenolic antioxidants, phosphorus stabilizers, benzotriazoles and hindered amines.

  The synthetic resin foam is obtained by a known extrusion foaming method using the resin composition. For example, the above thermoplastic resin mixture is supplied to a known extruder, heated and melted under high temperature and high pressure to form a gel, and a foaming agent is press-fitted into the extruder and kneaded. The styrene-based resin is cooled and extruded and foamed from a high-pressure region through a die such as a slit die to a low-pressure region to obtain the plate-like synthetic resin foam.

  As conditions for extrusion foaming, the pressure in the slit die is preferably 3 MPa or more, more preferably 4 MPa or more. Of course, the internal pressure of the extrusion system is maintained at a high level so that the foaming agent does not vaporize and is sufficiently dissolved in the resin composition. When the pressure in the slit die is out of the above range, gas profile, void generation, and fluctuation in the cross-sectional profile of the extruded foam due to pressure fluctuation in the extrusion system tend to occur.

  As a procedure for adding an additive such as a flame retardant to the thermoplastic resin mixture, for example, after adding and mixing a flame retardant to the thermoplastic resin mixture, the mixture is supplied to an extruder, heated and melted, and further a foaming agent The timing of adding various additives to the thermoplastic resin mixture and the kneading time are not particularly limited.

  Although the heating temperature of a thermoplastic resin mixture should just be more than the glass transition temperature or melting | fusing point, the temperature which suppresses the molecular degradation of resin by the influence of a flame retardant etc. as much as possible is preferable. The melt-kneading time varies depending on the amount of resin composition extruded per unit time and the type of extruder, so it cannot be uniquely defined, and the thermoplastic resin mixture and the foaming agent or additive are uniformly dispersed and mixed. It is appropriately set as the time required for

  Examples of the means for heating and melting the resin composition include a screw-type extruder, but are not particularly limited as long as they are used for ordinary extrusion foaming. However, in order to suppress the molecular degradation of the resin as much as possible, it is preferable that the screw shape of the extruder is of a low shear type.

  The extrusion foaming method is, for example, a method in which an extrusion foam obtained by releasing pressure from a high pressure region to a low pressure region through a slit die having a linear slit shape used for extrusion molding is in close contact with the slit die. A method is used in which the synthetic resin foam is molded using a molding die placed in contact with the molding die and a molding roll installed adjacent to the downstream side of the molding die. By adjusting the flow surface shape and the mold temperature of the molding die, a desired foam cross-sectional shape, foam surface property, and foam quality can be obtained.

  Examples of the cell structure of the synthetic resin foam include a uniform cell structure and a composite cell structure in which large and small cells are mixed. It is preferable that the average diameter of the bubbles is mainly 0.05 to 2.0 mm. For example, a part of the cross section of the extruded foam is sampled, and the average bubble diameter is measured according to ASTM D-3576 from a photograph obtained by magnifying and photographing the sample with a scanning electron microscope. it can. All of the bubble diameters are not necessarily in the above range, and at least the average value of the bubble diameters may be in the above range. If the cell diameter is less than the above range, the moldability of the synthetic resin foam tends to be poor and stable production tends to be difficult. When the bubble diameter exceeds the above range, the appearance of the surface of the synthetic resin foam tends to deteriorate.

The foam density of the synthetic resin foam is preferably 20 to 100 kg / m ³ . If the foam density is within the above range, surface compressive strength represented by plane compressive strength tends to be developed.

  In addition, the manufacturing method of the said synthetic resin foam is not limited to an extrusion foaming method, For example, other well-known methods, such as the method of foam-molding with a molding die using the pre-expanded foam bead, are used. May be.

Hereinafter, Examples 1 and 2 relating to the synthetic resin foam used as the water gradient base material, Comparative Example 1 using an extruded polystyrene foam which has been widely used as a water gradient surface base material, a polystyrene resin and a polyphenylene ether resin Comparative Example 2 using a modified polyphenylene ether resin-based foam composed of
Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

About the synthetic resin foam obtained in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-2 shown below, foam density, average cell diameter, glass transition temperature, 80 ° C. heat resistance, 85 ° C. heat resistance, 90 ° C. heat resistance The 80 ° C. moisture resistance, the plasticizer resistance, and the lamp irradiation test were evaluated according to the following methods.
In the following examples, “%” represents “% by weight” unless otherwise specified.

(1) Foam density (kg / m ³ )
The foam density was determined based on the following formula, and the unit was shown in terms of kg / m ³ .
Foam density (g / cm ³ ) = foam weight (g) / foam volume (cm ³ )

(2) Average cell diameter (mm)
Cross section of synthetic resin foam cut perpendicularly (thickness direction) along the width direction (horizontal direction orthogonal to the extrusion direction), and vertical (thickness direction) along the extrusion direction (horizontal direction perpendicular to the width direction) The sample was sampled at the cross section cut at (1), and the sample was magnified 50 to 100 times with a scanning electron microscope and photographed. The average cell diameter was measured according to ASTM D-3576 from the obtained photograph, and in each bubble, the cell diameter (HD) in the thickness direction, the cell diameter (TD) in the width direction, and the cell diameter (MD) in the extrusion direction. , And the value obtained by taking the cube of the product of the cell diameters in each direction was calculated from the following equation.
Average cell diameter = (HD x TD x MD) ^1/3

(3) Glass transition temperature (° C)
After molding the synthetic resin foam, it was conditioned for 10 days in a temperature-controlled room with a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 55% and then increased to 250 ° C. with a differential scanning calorimeter according to JIS K7121 at a heating rate of 10 ° C./sec. Warm and maintain for 10 minutes, then cool to 30 ° C. at 10 ° C./sec. The step-like change when the temperature was raised again to 250 ° C. was measured according to the method for obtaining the glass transition temperature of JIS K7121.

(4) 80 ° C. heat resistance, 85 ° C. heat resistance, 90 ° C. heat resistance (volume change rate of heat insulating material)
After conditioning the synthetic resin foam for 10 days in a temperature-controlled room with a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 55%, a sample having a thickness of 25 mm × width of 100 mm × length of 300 mm was cut out to be 80 ± 2 ° C. or 85 ± 2 ° C. Or it heated with the hot air dryer set to 90 +/- 2 degreeC for 24 hours, and calculated the volume change rate before and after a heating. The obtained volume change rate was judged according to the following criteria.
A: Volume change rate is 1% or less.
A: Volume change rate exceeds 1% and is 3% or less.
(Triangle | delta): Volume change rate exceeds 3% and is 5% or less.
X: Volume change rate exceeds 5%.

(5) Moisture resistance at 80 ° C. After the synthetic resin foam was conditioned for 10 days in a temperature-controlled room at 23 ° C. and 55% humidity, a sample with a thickness of 25 mm × width 100 mm × length 300 mm was cut out to a temperature of 80 ±. After heating for 60 days with a thermostatic oven set at 2 ° C. and humidity of 90 ± 2%, the warpage in the thickness direction of the heat insulating material was measured. The measured warpage was judged according to the following criteria.
○: Warpage is within 3 mm.
(Triangle | delta): Warpage exceeds 3 mm and is 6 mm or less.
X: Warpage exceeds 6 mm.

(6) Plasticizer resistance
The synthetic resin foam was conditioned for 10 days in a thermostatic chamber at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 55%, and then a sample having a thickness of 25 mm × width of 100 mm × length of 300 mm was cut out. After directly applying 0.2 kg / m ² of a plasticizer (dioctyl phthalate DOP) to the surface of each synthetic resin foam, the appearance of the surface of the synthetic resin foam was evaluated according to the following criteria.
○: Unevenness is not recognized on the surface of the synthetic resin foam.
X: Concavities and convexities are remarkably observed on the surface of the synthetic resin foam.

(7) Lamp irradiation test The skin layer of the synthetic resin foam was shaved with a planar, and a sample having a thickness of 25 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a length of 300 mm was cut out to obtain a test body.
The test specimen is a lamp irradiation heating device [manufactured by Takagi Electric Manufacturing Co., Ltd., KLF heating testing device Y91-363; manufactured by Okazaki Manufacturing Co., Ltd., thermocouple AEROPAK “T35-SP”; IR220V375WRH ”], and the lamp is placed at a position 31 corresponding to the center of the test object, as shown in FIG. 8, at a height of 20 cm from the test object. A thermocouple for temperature control was fixed on the body surface. After heating by lamp irradiation to raise the surface temperature of the specimen from 90 ° C. in increments of 5 ° C. and maintaining each temperature for 5 minutes, as shown in FIG. 8, the position on the outer periphery corresponding to the lamp irradiation position The thickness at 32 was measured, the average thickness was obtained, and the temperature at which the sample was deformed was examined. In addition, the state in which the increase in the average thickness value of the specimen was 2 mm or more was determined as a state in which deformation occurred.

Example 1
Using Toyo AS [styrene / acrylonitrile = 72/28 (% by weight)] manufactured by Toyo Styrene Co., Ltd. as the copolymer (A), talc (100% by weight of the copolymer) Hayashi Kasei Co., Ltd., trade name: Talcan powder) 0.3 parts by weight and 0.2 parts by weight of calcium stearate as an additive were dry blended, and the resulting resin composition was supplied to a two-stage connected extruder. After the resin composition supplied to the first stage extruder is melted and kneaded at about 230 ° C., 5.0 parts by weight of dimethyl ether (Mitsui Chemicals) is used as a foaming agent near the tip of the first stage extruder. Press fit into the composition. Then, while kneading the resin composition in the second stage extruder connected to the first stage extruder, the resin temperature is cooled to about 140 ° C., and in the atmosphere from the slit die provided at the tip of the second stage extruder Pushed out. The discharge rate in the slit die was 47 kg / hour, the resin temperature was 130 ° C., and the slit pressure was 5.3 MPa. The discharged resin had a cross-sectional profile of about 45 mm in thickness and about 140 mm in width by a molding die and a molding roll, and a heat insulating material having a skin layer on the surface was obtained.
About the obtained heat insulating material, foam density, average cell diameter, glass transition temperature, 80 ° C. heat resistance, 85 ° C. heat resistance, 90 ° C. heat resistance, 80 ° C. moisture resistance, plasticizer resistance, deformation occurrence temperature due to lamp irradiation Were examined according to the method described above. The results are shown in Table 1.
The heat insulating material in Example 1 had a foam density of 35 kg / m ³ , an average cell diameter of 0.4 mm, and a glass transition temperature of 110 ° C. Further, the heat resistance at 80 ° C. was “◎”, the heat resistance at 85 ° C. was “◎”, the heat resistance at 90 ° C. was “Δ”, and the moisture resistance at 80 ° C. was “◯”. Further, the plasticizer resistance was “◯”. The deformation occurrence temperature due to lamp irradiation was 115 ° C.

(Example 2)
The blowing agent is 3.0 parts by weight of dimethyl ether and 3.0 parts by weight of isobutane (made by Mitsui Chemicals), 0.1 part of talc is added, the discharge rate in the slit die is 45 kg / hour, the resin temperature is 132 ° C., the slit A heat insulating material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the pressure was set to 6.2 MPa.
Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained heat insulating material. As shown in Table 1, the heat insulating material in Example 2 had a foam density of 40 kg / m ³ , an average cell diameter of 0.2 mm, and a glass transition temperature of 110 ° C. Further, the heat resistance at 80 ° C. was “◎”, the heat resistance at 85 ° C. was “◎”, the heat resistance at 90 ° C. was “Δ”, and the moisture resistance at 80 ° C. was “◯”. Further, the plasticizer resistance was “◯”. The deformation occurrence temperature due to lamp irradiation was 115 ° C.

(Comparative Example 1)
Instead of 100 parts by weight of copolymer (A), polystyrene resin (manufactured by PS Japan Co., Ltd., trade name: G9401) is used and heated to about 230 ° C. in the first stage extruder and about 140 ° C. in the second stage extruder. A heat insulating material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it was melted and the discharge rate in the slit die was 50 kg / hour, the resin temperature was 123 ° C., and the slit pressure was 5.5 MPa.
Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained heat insulating material. As shown in Table 1, the heat insulating material in Comparative Example 1 had a foam density of 35 kg / m ³ , an average cell diameter of 0.3 mm, and a glass transition temperature of 110 ° C. Further, the heat resistance at 80 ° C. was “Δ”, the heat resistance at 85 ° C. was “x”, the heat resistance at 90 ° C. was “x”, and the moisture resistance at 80 ° C. was “Δ”. Further, the plasticizer resistance was “x”. The deformation occurrence temperature due to lamp irradiation was 100 ° C.

(Comparative Example 2)
Instead of 100 parts by weight of the copolymer (A), as a resin mixture, 10 parts of a modified polyphenylene ether resin (Nippon GE Plastics Co., Ltd., trade name Noryl EFN 4230-111, polystyrene 30% / polyphenyl ether 70%), and A synthetic resin foam was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 90 parts of a polystyrene resin (PS Japan Corporation, trade name G9401, polystyrene 100%) was used.
The properties of the resulting synthetic resin foam are shown in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, the synthetic resin foam in Comparative Example 2 had a foam density of 35 kg / m ³ , an average cell diameter of 0.3 mm, and a glass transition temperature of 105 ° C. Further, the heat resistance at 80 ° C. was “◯”, the heat resistance at 85 ° C. was “◯”, the heat resistance at 90 ° C. was “x”, and the moisture resistance at 80 ° C. was “◯”. Further, the plasticizer resistance was “x”. Deformation temperature due to lamp irradiation was 105 ° C.

このように、実施例１〜２は、合成樹脂発泡体の８０℃耐熱性、８５℃耐熱性、９０℃耐熱性、８０℃耐湿性、耐可塑剤性のいずれも、比較例１〜２に対して優れている。また、ランプ照射試験では、実施例１〜２は比較例１〜２より変形発生温度が高く、ランプ照射での耐熱性に優れている。

As described above, Examples 1 and 2 are the same as Comparative Examples 1 and 2 except that the synthetic resin foam has 80 ° C. heat resistance, 85 ° C. heat resistance, 90 ° C. heat resistance, 80 ° C. moisture resistance, and plasticizer resistance. It is superior to it. In the lamp irradiation test, Examples 1 and 2 have a higher deformation occurrence temperature than Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and are excellent in heat resistance in lamp irradiation.

1 Balcony floor 2 Water gradient base material 3 Waterproof layer 4 Finishing material 5 Gradient surface
6 Opening 7 Sash 8 Window glass 9 Handrail wall 10 Balcony etc. 11 High heat resistant resin foam 12 Foam other than the high heat resistant resin foam 21 Parallel plate 22 External water gradient surface 23 Base material 31 Lamp installation position 32 Thickness measurement position

Claims (6)

A structure having an external water gradient surface constructed around the outer periphery of a building, wherein all or part of the base material forming the water gradient surface is composed of an aromatic vinyl unit and a vinyl cyanide unit. A structure having a water gradient surface, wherein a synthetic resin foam obtained by foaming a resin composition containing (A) is used. The structure having a water gradient surface according to claim 1, wherein the aromatic vinyl unit constituting the copolymer (A) is a styrene unit. The structure having a water gradient surface according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vinyl cyanide unit constituting the copolymer (A) is an acrylonitrile unit. The structure which has a water-gradient surface characterized by using the synthetic resin foam in any one of the said Claims 1-3 for the base material which forms a water gradient at least in an opening part front surface area | region. 5. The structure having a water gradient according to claim 4, wherein a water gradient surface constructed outside the building is adjacent to an opening using a double glazing.   It has a waterproof layer in the upper part of the base material which forms the water gradient constructed | assembled outside a building, and uses a vinyl chloride resin-type sheet | seat as said waterproof layer, It is any one of Claims 1-5 characterized by the above-mentioned. A structure with a water gradient.

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