JP2010161612A - Antenna unit - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a directivity variable antenna unit capable of changing directivity even when surrounded with a metal housing. <P>SOLUTION: The antenna unit 2 is provided with waveguides 11 and 12 having opening widths different from each other L1 and L2, respectively, a waveguide connection part 10 for connecting the waveguides 11 and 12 to each other at one end of each thereof, and an antenna substrate 30 provided in the waveguide connection part 10 to operate as a variable directivity antenna. By switching directivities of the antenna substrate 30, a radio wave transmitted and received from/to the antenna substrate 30 is propagated to one of the waveguides 11 and 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an antenna device with variable directivity that can electrically switch a main radiation direction.

  In recent years, devices using wireless technology such as wireless LAN and Bluetooth conforming to the IEEE 802.11a / b / g standard have been rapidly spread. There are various types from portable devices such as portable audio devices and digital cameras to stationary devices such as flat-screen TVs and DVD recorders.

  When a wireless communication circuit is mounted on an electrical device, the problem is communication stability. A radio wave has a “direct wave” component that arrives without reflection from the transmitter to the receiver, and a “reflected wave” component that arrives after being reflected by a wall or the ground. Here, when the phase of the reflected wave component and the direct wave component is shifted by 180 degrees at a certain reception point, a phenomenon called “multipath fading” occurs in which the power is extremely small compared to the surroundings. This may occur even when the distance between the transmitter and the receiver is sufficiently close, and this causes communication instability.

  When the wireless communication circuit is compatible with antenna diversity, any one of the plurality of antenna elements only needs to secure power, so this phenomenon can be avoided. On the other hand, when the wireless communication circuit does not support antenna diversity, or when there is no space for installing a plurality of antenna elements, multipath fading can be a serious problem.

  As a conventional technique for solving this problem, for example, it is conceivable to use an array antenna apparatus which is a directional adaptive antenna described in Patent Document 1. The array antenna device of Patent Document 1 is configured by arranging three printed wiring boards so as to surround the periphery of a half-wave dipole antenna installed vertically on a dielectric support substrate. A high-frequency signal is supplied to the half-wave dipole antenna via a balanced feed cable. In addition, on the back surface of each printed circuit board, two sets of parasitic antenna elements (non-excited elements) are provided in parallel, with two printed antenna elements (elements made of a conductor pattern) as a set. In the parasitic antenna element, the two printed antenna elements are provided to face each other with a predetermined gap. A through-hole conductor is provided at the opposite end of each printed antenna element, and is connected to the electrode terminal on the front side of the printed wiring board. In each parasitic antenna element, a variable capacitance diode is mounted between two electrode terminals, each electrode terminal is further connected to a pair cable via a high frequency blocking high resistance, and the pair cable is directed to the array antenna device. It is connected to applied bias voltage terminals DC + and DC− of a controller that controls the characteristics. By switching the bias voltage applied from the controller, the reactance value of the variable capacitance diode connected to the parasitic antenna element changes. Thereby, the electrical length of each parasitic antenna element is changed as compared with the half-wave dipole antenna, and the plane directivity of the array antenna apparatus is changed.

  By adopting a directivity adaptive antenna such as the array antenna apparatus of Patent Document 1 as a communication antenna and switching the directivity in a place where multipath fading occurs, the ratio of the direct wave and the reflected wave changes. It is possible to reduce the power drop.

JP 2002-261532 A.

  By using the adaptive antenna described in Patent Document 1 for a wireless communication device, the stability of communication can be increased. However, when the conventional adaptive antenna is built in a wireless communication device covered with metal, the radiated radio waves are complicated by the metal part of the casing around the antenna and the metal parts of the wireless communication device. There is a problem that desired directivity cannot be obtained due to reflection and interference between the radiated wave and the reflected wave.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described conventional problems, and to provide an antenna device with variable directivity that can change directivity even when the antenna is surrounded by a metal casing. .

According to an aspect of the invention,
At least two waveguides each having a different aperture width;
A waveguide connection connecting the at least two waveguides to each other at one end thereof;
An antenna device comprising a variable directivity antenna provided in the waveguide connecting portion,
By switching the directivity of the variable directivity antenna, a radio wave transmitted and received from the variable directivity antenna is propagated to any one of the at least two waveguides.

In the antenna device,
The variable directivity antenna includes a feed antenna element and at least one parasitic antenna element each formed as a conductor pattern on a dielectric substrate, and a switch for switching the electrical length of the at least one parasitic antenna element. With circuit,
Each parasitic antenna element operates as a reflector with respect to the feeding antenna element by switching the electrical length by the switch circuit.

  In the antenna device, at least two of the waveguides have openings in substantially the same direction with respect to the waveguide connection portion.

  Further, in the antenna device, at least two of the waveguides have openings in different directions with respect to the waveguide connection portion.

  Still further, in the antenna device, the at least two waveguides are adjacent to each other across a movable conductor wall, and the opening width of each waveguide is adjusted by moving the conductor wall. Features.

  According to the antenna device of the present invention, since the antenna device is covered with metal, there is no complicated reflection by surrounding metal parts, and radiation can be performed with high efficiency to the outside of the wireless communication device. The antenna device of the present invention includes a plurality of waveguides having different opening widths, and the beam width of the radiated or received radio waves can be changed by selecting a waveguide through which the radio waves propagate. it can. As a result, even when the metal casing or metal part of the wireless communication device is present near the antenna device in the wireless communication device, the directivity can be switched without causing a decrease in gain due to the influence of the metal housing or metal part. It becomes possible.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Throughout the specification and the drawings, like reference numerals are used for like components, and repeated description is omitted. Further, reference is made to XYZ coordinates shown in each drawing.

First embodiment.
FIG. 1 is an overall view showing a wireless communication device 1 including an antenna device 2 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a top view showing a detailed configuration of the antenna device 2 of FIG. FIG. 3 is a front view showing a detailed configuration of the antenna substrate 30 of FIG.

  The wireless communication device 1 is a television device as shown in FIG. 1 or a playback device (for example, a DVD player), and includes a metal casing. A part of the metal casing of the wireless communication device 1 is cut out, and an antenna device 2 configured to include a variable directivity antenna and a plurality of waveguides is inserted and provided. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the antenna device 2 of the present embodiment is configured in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape by a conductor plate, and the surface on the + X side has no conductor plate for transmitting and receiving radio waves. (In FIG. 2, the conductor plate on the + Z side surface is also removed for the sake of explanation. The same applies to other top views). As shown in FIG. 2, the antenna device 2 according to the present embodiment includes two rectangular waveguides 11 and 12 that extend in the X-axis direction and are adjacent to each other in the Y-axis direction with the metal wall 21 interposed therebetween. The waveguides 11 and 12 are configured to have different opening widths (or waveguide widths) L1 and L2, respectively. In the present embodiment, L1> L2. Therefore, the waveguides 11 and 12 correspond to a configuration in which the metal wall 21 is inserted and divided at the center of the large waveguide. In addition, one end of the waveguides 11 and 12 (the end portion on the −X side in the present embodiment) is connected to each other at the waveguide connection portion 10. The antenna device 2 further includes an antenna substrate 30 that operates as a variable directivity antenna in the waveguide connection section 10. As shown in FIG. 3, the antenna substrate 30 includes a feeding antenna element 31 patterned as a sleeve antenna on a dielectric printed wiring board and two parasitic antenna elements 32 and 33 patterned as a half-wave dipole antenna. And is configured. The feeding antenna element 31 and the parasitic antenna elements 32 and 33 are provided in parallel to the Z-axis direction. A feeding point 41 provided as a high-frequency connector at one end of the feeding antenna element 31 is connected to a wireless communication circuit (not shown), and wireless signals are transmitted and received through the feeding antenna element 31. Each parasitic antenna element 32, 33 is provided with a switch circuit 42, 43 for adjusting the electrical length of the element. The radio wave radiated from the antenna substrate 30 propagates through substantially one of the waveguides 11 and 12 in accordance with the directivity set on the antenna substrate 30, and the corresponding waveguide openings 11a, 12a is emitted to the outside of the wireless communication device 1. The same applies to the case where the antenna substrate 30 receives radio waves.

  Here, the detailed configuration and operation of the variable directivity antenna will be described. In the antenna substrate 30, the parasitic antenna elements 32 and 33 are separated from the straight line on which the feeding antenna element 31 is located by a distance of a quarter of the operating wavelength during communication so as to sandwich the feeding antenna element 31. They are arranged on parallel lines. Here, the distance of a quarter of the operating wavelength varies depending on the dielectric constant of the dielectric printed wiring board to be used, and becomes shorter as the dielectric constant is higher. The parasitic antenna elements 32 and 33 are each composed of two strip-shaped parasitic conductor elements. The two parasitic conductor elements of the parasitic antenna element 32 are arranged on a straight line with a predetermined distance from each other, and a switch circuit 42 is provided on the opposite side of the two parasitic conductor elements. Similarly, the two parasitic conductor elements of the parasitic antenna element 33 are arranged on a straight line with a predetermined distance from each other, and a switch circuit 43 is provided on the opposite side of the two parasitic conductor elements.

  FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a detailed configuration of the switch circuit 42 of FIG. In FIG. 4, a portion where the two parasitic conductor elements 32a and 32b constituting the parasitic antenna element 32 face each other and the switch circuit 42 provided in this portion are shown in an enlarged manner. A pair of PIN diodes 42D1 and 42D2 are provided on opposite sides of the parasitic conductor elements 32a and 32b. The cathode terminal of the PIN diode 42D1 is connected to the parasitic conductor element 32a, the cathode terminal of the PIN diode 42D2 is connected to the parasitic conductor element 32b, and the anode terminals of the PIN diodes 42D1 and 42D2 are connected to each other via the conductor portion 32c. The The anode terminals of the PIN diodes 42D1 and 42D2 are applied with a controller (not shown) that applies a control voltage (that is, a bias voltage) to control the directivity characteristics of the feeding antenna element 31 via the conductor portion 32c and the control line 42a. Connected to the bias voltage terminal (DC terminal), the cathode terminals of the PIN diodes 42D1 and 42D2 are connected to the ground terminal (GND terminal) of the controller via the control lines 42b and 42c, respectively. Therefore, the control lines 42a, 42b, and 42c are a DC voltage supply line and a GND line for controlling the parasitic antenna element 32, respectively. An inductor (coil) 42L2 having an inductance of, for example, about several tens of nH is provided on the control line 42a so as to be close to the anode terminals of the PIN diodes 42D1 and 42D2, and further on the control line 42a. A resistance 42R for current control of about several kilo ohms is provided. In addition, on the control lines 42b and 42c, inductors 42L1 and 42L3 having an inductance of, for example, about several tens of nH are provided so as to be close to the cathode terminals of the PIN diodes 42D1 and 42D2, respectively. Here, the inductors 42L1, 42L2, and 42L3 have a role of preventing the high-frequency signal excited by the parasitic antenna element 32 from leaking onto the control lines 42a, 42b, and 42c. The parasitic antenna element 33 is also configured similarly to the parasitic antenna element 32.

  Next, the operation of the antenna device 2 of the present embodiment will be described. In the antenna substrate 30 configured as described above, when the control voltage of the controller is off, no voltage is applied to the PIN diodes in the switch circuits 42 and 43, so that the parasitic antenna elements 32 and 33 are not excited. The parasitic antenna elements 32 and 33 do not affect the directivity characteristics of the feeding antenna element 31.

  On the other hand, when the controller turns on the control voltage to the parasitic antenna element 32, for example, the bias voltage applied from the DC terminal is applied to the anode side of the PIN diodes 42D1 and 42D2 via the control line 42a. By making the operating voltage (for example, about 0.8V) of the diodes 42D1 and 42D2 larger, the PIN diodes 42D1 and 42D2 become conductive. At this time, the parasitic antenna element 32 is excited by the radio wave radiated from the feed antenna element 31 and re-radiates the radio wave. Since the distance between the feeding antenna element 31 and the parasitic antenna element 32 is a quarter of the operating wavelength, the radio wave re-radiated from the parasitic antenna element 32 is more in phase than the radio wave radiated from the feeding antenna element 31. Is delayed by 90 degrees. By superimposing the two radio waves, the radio wave toward the −Y direction is canceled out from the parasitic antenna element 32, and the radio wave toward the + Y direction is strengthened from the feed antenna element 31. Accordingly, the parasitic antenna element 32 functions as a reflector with respect to the fed antenna element 31. The radio wave strengthened in the + Y direction in the antenna substrate 30 propagates through the waveguide 12 having a narrow opening width L2, and is radiated from the opening 12a to the outside of the wireless communication device 1 (that is, in the + X direction). At this time, since the radio wave in the -Y direction is weakened in the antenna substrate 30, the amount of electric power of the radio wave propagating through the waveguide 11 is very small. Generally, the radio wave radiated from the waveguide spreads at a wider angle on the waveguide installation surface (XY plane in the present embodiment) as the opening width (or the waveguide width) is narrower. Therefore, in the antenna device 2 of the present embodiment, when radio waves propagate through the waveguide 12, the beam width in the XY plane is widened.

  Further, when the controller turns on the control voltage to the parasitic antenna element 33, the parasitic antenna element 33 functions as a reflector with respect to the fed antenna element 31, and is more in the −Y direction than the fed antenna element 31. The radio wave is strengthened. The radio wave strengthened in the −Y direction on the antenna substrate 30 propagates through the waveguide 11 having a wide opening width L1 and is radiated in the + X direction from the opening 11a. Since the opening width 11a of the waveguide 11 is wider than the opening width 12a of the waveguide 12, the beam width in the XY plane is relatively narrow, and a radio wave having a large maximum gain is radiated.

Modified example.
In the present embodiment, a rectangular waveguide having a uniform width has been described as shown in FIG. 2. However, since the beam width is mainly related to the width of the opening, the waveguide is tapered. The shape may be circular or circular. Also, the case where a sleeve antenna is used as the feeding antenna element 31 is shown. However, since it can be used if the installation surface (XY plane) directivity characteristics are close to omnidirectionality, it can be used. An antenna or an inverted F antenna may be used. In the present embodiment, an example in which one feeding antenna element 31 and two parasitic antenna elements 32 and 33 are arranged has been described. However, the number of each element may be increased or decreased. Similarly, the number of antenna substrates 30 may be increased or decreased. Further, in the present embodiment, a case where a PIN diode is used in the switch circuit is shown. However, the effective lengths of the parasitic antenna elements 32 and 33 are set so that the parasitic antenna elements 32 and 33 operate as reflectors. This is not limited as long as it can be changed or adjusted, and for example, a variable capacitance diode may be used.

  As described above, according to the antenna device 2 of the present embodiment, the antenna connection 30 that connects the two waveguides 11 and 12 is provided with the antenna substrate 30 that operates as a variable directional antenna. By switching the waveguide used for transmitting and receiving signals, even when a metal casing or metal part is present near the antenna device 2 in the wireless communication device 1, the influence thereof causes a decrease in gain. Therefore, the directivity can be switched. As a result, even when a power drop occurs due to multipath fading or the like, stable communication is possible by switching the directivity.

Second embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a top view showing the antenna device 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the configuration including only two waveguides 11 and 12 as in the first embodiment, and may include three or more waveguides. The second embodiment of the present invention includes four waveguides 11, 12, 13, and 14, and these waveguides radiate radio waves not only in the + X direction but also in the −X direction. To do.

  In addition to the configuration of the antenna device 2 of the first embodiment, the antenna device 2 of the present embodiment further includes rectangular waveguides 13 and 14 extending from the waveguide connection portion 10 in the −X direction. Is done. The waveguides 13 and 14 are adjacent to each other in the Y-axis direction with the metal wall 22 interposed therebetween, and the waveguides 13 and 14 are configured to have different opening widths (or waveguide widths) L3 and L4, respectively. In addition, one end (the end on the + X side in the present embodiment) of the waveguides 13 and 14 is connected to each other at the waveguide connecting portion 10. In the present embodiment, L3> L4. Therefore, in the first embodiment, the openings 11a and 12a of the waveguides 11 and 12 are provided in the same + X direction with respect to the waveguide connection portion 10, but in the second embodiment, the openings 11a and 12a are guided. The openings 11 a and 12 a of the wave tubes 11 and 12 and the openings 13 a and 14 a of the waveguides 13 and 14 are provided in different directions with respect to the waveguide connection part 10. The antenna substrate 30 is configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and is provided in the waveguide connection portion 10. The radio wave radiated from the antenna substrate 30 propagates through substantially one of the waveguides 11 and 12 in accordance with the directivity set on the antenna substrate 30, and the corresponding waveguide openings 11a, 12a is radiated to the outside of the wireless communication device 1 and propagates through substantially one of the waveguides 13 and 14, and from the corresponding waveguide openings 13a and 14a to the outside of the wireless communication device 1. Radiated.

  In the antenna device 2 configured as described above, when the controller turns on the control voltage to the parasitic antenna element 32, the radio wave radiated from the feeding antenna element 31 and the radiation from the parasitic antenna element 32 are re-radiated. By superimposing the two radio waves with the generated radio wave, the radio wave traveling in the −Y direction from the parasitic antenna element 32 is canceled, and the radio wave traveling in the + Y direction is strengthened from the feed antenna element 31. The radio wave strengthened in the + Y direction in the antenna substrate 30 propagates through the waveguides 12 and 14 having the narrow opening widths L2 and L4, is radiated from the opening 12a in the + X direction, and is radiated from the opening 14a in the −X direction. Is done. Since the opening widths L2 and L4 of the waveguides 12 and 14 are narrower than the opening widths L1 and L3 of the waveguides 11 and 13, when radio waves propagate through the waveguides 12 and 14, they are guided. The beam width in the XY plane is wider than when propagating through the tubes 11 and 13 and emitted.

  On the other hand, when the controller turns on the control voltage to the parasitic antenna element 33, the parasitic antenna element 33 functions as a reflector for the fed antenna element 31, and is more in the −Y direction than the fed antenna element 31. The radio wave going to is strengthened. The radio wave strengthened in the −Y direction on the antenna substrate 30 propagates through the waveguides 11 and 13 having the wide opening widths L1 and L3, and is radiated from the opening 11a in the + X direction, and from the opening 13a in the −X direction. Radiated. Since the opening widths L1 and L3 of the waveguides 11 and 13 are wider than the opening widths L2 and L4 of the waveguides 12 and 14, when radio waves propagate through the waveguides 11 and 13, they are guided. Compared with the case of being propagated and radiated through the tubes 12 and 14, the beam width in the XY plane is narrowed, and radio waves having a large maximum gain are radiated.

  Further, the configuration of the modification exemplified in the description of the first embodiment may be employed in the second embodiment.

  As described above, according to the antenna device 2 of the present embodiment, the antenna substrate 30 that operates as a variable directional antenna in the waveguide connection section 10 that connects the four waveguides 11, 12, 13, and 14. By switching the waveguide used for transmitting and receiving radio waves, even when a metal casing or metal part is present near the antenna device 2 in the wireless communication device 1, the gain is affected by those effects. The directivity can be switched without causing a decrease. As a result, even when a power drop occurs due to multipath fading or the like, stable communication is possible by switching the directivity.

Third embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a top view showing an antenna device 2 according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a detailed configuration of the antenna substrate 50 of FIG. The antenna device 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be configured to change the opening width or the waveguide width in order to change the directivity of the antenna device 2. The antenna device 2 of the present embodiment includes three waveguides 15, 16, and 17, and further includes movable metal walls 23 and 24 in order to change the opening widths L5, L6, and L7. And

  As shown in FIG. 6, the antenna device 2 according to the present embodiment includes rectangular waveguides 15, 16, and 17 that extend in the X-axis direction, and the waveguides 15 and 16 have a metal wall 23 sandwiched between them. The waveguides 16 and 17 are adjacent to each other in the Y-axis direction with the metal wall 24 interposed therebetween. The waveguides 15, 16, and 17 are configured to have different opening widths (or waveguide widths) L5, L6, and L7, respectively. Accordingly, the waveguides 15, 16, and 17 correspond to a configuration in which the metal walls 23 and 24 are inserted and divided at the center of the large waveguide. The metal walls 23 and 24 are movable in the Y-axis direction, so that the opening widths L5, L6, and L7 of the waveguides 15, 16, and 17 are variable. In addition, one end of the waveguides 15, 16, and 17 (in this embodiment, the end portion on the −X side) is connected to each other at the waveguide connection portion 10. The antenna device 2 further includes an antenna substrate 50 that operates as a variable directivity antenna in the waveguide connection section 10. The radio wave radiated from the antenna substrate 50 propagates through substantially any one of the waveguides 15, 16, and 17 according to the directivity set on the antenna substrate 50, and the corresponding waveguide opening. Radiated to the outside of the wireless communication device 1 from the units 15a, 16a, 17a.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the antenna device 2 of the present embodiment includes a modified antenna substrate 50 instead of the antenna substrate 30 of the first and second embodiments. The antenna substrate 50 includes a ground conductor 55 provided in parallel to the XY plane, a feeding antenna element 51 and a parasitic antenna elements 52, 53, and 54 that are monopole antennas provided perpendicular to the ground conductor 55. The parasitic antenna elements 52, 53, and 54 are respectively arranged on a circumference having a radius of a distance of a quarter of the operating wavelength at the time of communication centering on the feeding antenna element 51 so as to surround the feeding antenna element 51. The In the present embodiment, the parasitic antenna element 52 is located on the −Y side with respect to the fed antenna element 51, the parasitic antenna element 53 is located on the −X side with respect to the fed antenna element 51, and the parasitic antenna element 54 is located. Is located on the + Y side with respect to the feeding antenna element 51. A feeding point (not shown) connected to the wireless communication circuit is provided at the lower end of the feeding antenna element 51, and the electrical length of the element is adjusted at the lower end of each parasitic antenna element 52, 53, 54. Switch circuits 62, 63, and 64 are respectively provided.

  In the antenna device configured as described above, when the controller turns on the control voltage to the parasitic antenna element 52, the radio wave radiated from the feeding antenna element 51 and the radiation antenna element 52 are radiated again. By superimposing the two radio waves, the radio wave toward the −Y direction is canceled out from the parasitic antenna element 52, and the radio wave toward the + Y direction is strengthened from the feed antenna element 51. The radio wave strengthened in the + Y direction propagates through the rightmost waveguide 17 and is radiated from the opening 17a to the outside of the wireless communication device 1 (that is, in the + X direction). Similarly, when the control voltage to the parasitic antenna element 53 is turned on, the radio wave from the fed antenna element 51 propagates through the central waveguide 16 and is radiated in the + X direction from the opening 16a. When the parasitic antenna element 54 is turned on, the radio wave from the feeding antenna element 51 propagates through the leftmost waveguide 15 and is radiated in the + X direction from the opening 15a.

  The opening widths 15a, 16a, and 17a of the waveguides 15, 16, and 17 can be freely determined by sliding the metal walls 23 and 24 in the Y-axis direction. When it is desired to increase the beam width of the radiated radio wave, the aperture width is set to be narrow. When it is desired to increase the maximum gain with a narrow beam width, the aperture width is preferably set to be wide.

  Further, the configuration of the modification exemplified in the description of the first embodiment may be adopted in the third embodiment. Further, the antenna substrate 50 is not limited to the illustrated one, and may be configured to include, for example, a feeding antenna element and a parasitic antenna element that are patterned on the printed wiring board as in FIG.

  As described above, according to the antenna device 2 of the present embodiment, the antenna substrate 50 that operates as a variable directional antenna is provided in the waveguide connection unit 10 that connects the three waveguides 15, 16, and 17. By switching the waveguide used to transmit and receive radio waves, even when a metal casing or metal part is present near the antenna device 2 in the wireless communication device 1, the gain is reduced due to the influence of the metal casing or metal component. It is possible to switch the directivity without causing it. As a result, even when a power drop occurs due to multipath fading or the like, stable communication is possible by switching the directivity.

  The antenna device according to the present invention can realize good directivity pattern switching even when there is a metal casing or a metal part in the vicinity, so that the variable orientation can be provided in the casing of an electric device having a wireless communication function. This is useful as a method of installing a sex antenna.

1 is an overall view showing a wireless communication device 1 including an antenna device 2 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view which shows the detailed structure of the antenna apparatus 2 of FIG. It is a front view which shows the detailed structure of the antenna board | substrate 30 of FIG. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a detailed configuration of a switch circuit 42 in FIG. 2. It is a top view which shows the antenna apparatus 2 which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the antenna apparatus 2 which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the detailed structure of the antenna board | substrate 50 of FIG.

1 ... wireless communication equipment,
2 ... Antenna device,
10: Waveguide connection,
11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 ... waveguide,
11a, 12a, 13a, 14a, 15a, 16a, 17a ... opening,
21, 22, 23, 24 ... metal walls,
30, 50 ... antenna substrate,
31, 51 ... Feed antenna element,
32, 33, 52, 53, 54 ... parasitic antenna elements,
41 ... feeding point,
32a, 32b ... parasitic conductor elements,
32c ... conductor part,
42, 43, 62, 63, 64 ... switch circuit,
42a, 42b, 42c ... control lines,
42D1, 42D2 ... PIN diodes,
42L1, 42L2, 42L3 ... inductor,
42R ... resistance,
55: Ground conductor.

Claims (5)

At least two waveguides each having a different aperture width;
A waveguide connection connecting the at least two waveguides to each other at one end thereof;
An antenna device comprising a variable directivity antenna provided in the waveguide connecting portion,
An antenna device, wherein radio waves transmitted and received from the variable directional antenna are propagated to any one of the at least two waveguides by switching the directivity of the variable directional antenna. The variable directivity antenna includes a feed antenna element and at least one parasitic antenna element each formed as a conductor pattern on a dielectric substrate, and a switch for switching the electrical length of the at least one parasitic antenna element. With circuit,
2. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein each parasitic antenna element operates as a reflector with respect to the feeding antenna element by switching an electrical length by the switch circuit.   The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein at least two of the waveguides have openings in substantially the same direction with respect to the waveguide connection portion.   4. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein at least two of the waveguides have openings in different directions with respect to the waveguide connection portion. 5.   5. The at least two waveguides are adjacent to each other across a movable conductor wall, and the opening width of each waveguide is adjusted by moving the conductor wall. The antenna device according to any one of the above.

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