JP2010151331A - Solar heat collector - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively prevent such a situation as to cause human and material damage by the fall of fragments when a transparent plate is damaged in a solar heat collector installed on a veranda. <P>SOLUTION: The solar heat collector 1 including the transparent plate 7 and installed on the veranda 3 of a building 2 in a state of allowing the incidence of sunlight through the transparent plate, is provided with a fall receiver 8 to surely receive the fragments due to the damage of the transparent plate, by the fall receiver. Such a situation as to cause human and material damage by the fall of the fragments of the transparent plate along the building can thereby be effectively prevented. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar heat collector that collects heat from the sun.

  A solar heat collector is generally provided with a heat collecting element such as a heat collecting plate inside a flat box-shaped frame, and a transparent plate is attached to the frame in front of the heat collecting element. It has a structure that forms an incident surface, and sunlight is incident through the transparent plate and heat is collected by the heat collecting element, which can collect heat from the sun, which is natural energy, with high efficiency. The heat can be effectively used, for example, for generating hot water. The wider spread of effective use of solar heat using such a solar heat collector is effective in reducing the environmental load that has become a major problem in recent years.

  Conventionally, a solar heat collector generally has a roof-standing installation structure that is installed on the roof of a building. However, the roof installation structure cannot be applied to an apartment house without a roof in each house, and this has become a bottleneck in the spread of effective use of solar heat by a solar heat collector. For this reason, as seen in, for example, Patent Literature 1 to Patent Literature 4 and the like, a veranda installation structure in which a solar heat collector is installed on a veranda of a building has been proposed. Here, the term “veranda” in this specification means a general structure provided so as to protrude from the side of a building, and includes a balcony in addition to a narrow veranda.

JP 58-224260 A Japanese Utility Model Publication 1-134023 JP 2001-330327 A JP 2002-106974 A

  The veranda installation structure makes it possible to easily install a solar heat collector in each house in an apartment house where there is no roof in each house, thereby making it more widespread in the effective use of solar heat by the solar heat collector. Can be expected to help. However, there is one problem with the veranda installation structure. The problem is that if the transparent plate on the sunlight incident surface, which is generally made of glass, is damaged for some reason and it generates debris, the debris will fall, especially on the high floors of apartment buildings. For the installed solar thermal collector, the falling energy of the transparent plate fragments increases, which may cause great human and physical damage, which is a big problem.

  The present invention has been made in the background of the circumstances as described above, and the problem is that the solar heat collector installed on the veranda is humanized by falling pieces generated when the transparent plate is damaged, The purpose is to effectively prevent a situation in which physical damage occurs.

  In the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a transparent plate is provided, and in a solar heat collector installed on a veranda of a building in a state in which sunlight is incident through the transparent plate, it occurs when the transparent plate is damaged. It is characterized by having a fall catcher that catches debris.

  By providing a drop receiver in this way, and receiving the debris from the damaged transparent plate with this drop receiver, it is possible to effectively prevent situations that cause human and physical damage due to falling transparent plate fragments Can do.

  Moreover, in this invention, about the above solar heat collector, the said fall receptacle collects the water which flows into the said fall receptacle, and enables it to drain. By doing so, the drop receiver can also be used as a drainage element for solar collectors that collect and drain the condensed water generated on the transparent plate and the rainwater flowing through the transparent plate, and the functionality of the drop receiver Can be increased.

  Moreover, in this invention, about the above solar collectors, the said fall receiver has a reflective surface with the high reflectivity with respect to sunlight so that the sunlight reflected by this reflective surface may inject into the said transparent plate. I am going to do it. By doing in this way, a fall receiver can be used also as a condensing element with respect to a solar-heat collector, and the functionality of a drop receiver can be improved.

  Moreover, in this invention, about the solar heat collector as mentioned above, it is supposed that the angle of the reflective surface of the said fall receiver can be adjusted. By doing in this way, more efficient condensing can be performed according to the solar altitude for every season, and the functionality as a condensing element of a fall receiver can be improved.

  According to the present invention as described above, it is effective for a solar heat collector installed on a veranda to have a situation where humans and physical damage are caused by falling pieces generated when the transparent plate is damaged. Will be able to prevent.

  Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 schematically show the configuration and installation structure of the solar heat collector according to the first embodiment. The solar heat collector 1 of this embodiment is a type that is installed on a veranda 3 of a building 2 having a multi-family housing structure so as to be assembled in a vertical state with a handrail 4 installed, and is generally known as a flat plate type or a vacuum tube type. And so on. Specifically, the frame 5 is formed in a flat horizontally long box shape, and a heat collecting plate 6 is provided as a heat collecting element inside the frame 5, and the frame is formed on the front surface of the heat collecting plate 6. A transparent plate 7 is attached to the body 5, and a drop receiver 8 is attached to the lower end portion of the frame body 5.

  The heat collecting plate 6 collects solar heat from sunlight incident through the transparent plate 7. The solar heat collected by the heat collecting plate 6 is transferred by heat exchange to a heat medium circulated in a heat medium circulation system (not shown). If the solar heat collector 1 is an element of a solar water heater, for example, the heat medium that has received solar heat is circulated to a hot water tank (not shown) and used for heating the stored water or hot water. It is done.

  The transparent plate 7 is attached to the frame 5 so as to form a sunlight incident surface (heat collecting surface) 9 on the front surface of the heat collecting plate 6. The transparent plate 7 is made of glass that can efficiently transmit sunlight that can be collected by the heat collecting plate 6. For this reason, there is a possibility that the transparent plate 7 may be broken and generate fragments when an impact of a certain level or more is applied due to some external factor. When the transparent plate 7 breaks and generates debris, the generated debris of the transparent plate 7 falls away from the frame body 5 because it is assembled and installed vertically on the handrail 4 of the veranda 3 as described above. It will be. If the fallen fragments fall further along the building 2 as they are, there is a possibility of causing great human and physical damage. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively prevent such a situation.

  The fall receiver 8 responds to such a request. That is, the drop receiver 8 is attached to the lower end portion of the frame body 5 so as to be able to receive the falling debris generated by damaging the transparent plate 7 without leakage. The receiving face portion 11 is fixed for the function of receiving the debris. The structure has a portion 12 and a return surface portion 13.

  The receiving surface portion 11 is formed in a flat plate shape with a steel plate or the like having appropriate rigidity, and protrudes forward from the sunlight incident surface 9 with a protruding length D that can receive the falling pieces from the transparent plate 7 without leakage. And has a width W extending over the entire width direction of the transparent plate 7. Here, the protruding length D that can catch the falling pieces from the transparent plate 7 without leakage is the case where the pieces of the transparent plate 7 are scattered forward due to the impact that caused the damage of the transparent plate 7. The size is such that the scattered pieces can be received without omission.

  The fixing portion 12 is provided so as to be connected in a state orthogonal to the rear end portion of the receiving surface portion 11, and the drop receiver 8 can be fixed to the frame body 5 by bolting or screwing on the back surface side thereof. Yes.

  The return surface portion 13 is an element that functions to prevent the falling pieces received by the receiving surface portion 11 from jumping out of the receiving surface portion 11. For this function, the return surface portion 13 is located at the distal end of the receiving surface portion 11 with respect to the receiving surface portion 11. In addition, it is formed in a flat plate shape connected with an appropriate inclination, and a groove structure or a ridge structure is formed in front of the sunlight incident surface 9 together with the receiving surface portion 11.

  The solar heat collector 1 of the present embodiment includes the drop receiver 8 as described above, and the drop receiver 8 can reliably receive debris due to damage to the transparent plate. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent the situation where the transparent plate fragments fall along the building 2 and cause human and physical damage.

  3 and 4 schematically show the configuration and installation structure of the solar heat collector according to the second embodiment. The solar heat collector 15 of this embodiment is basically the same as the solar heat collector 1 of the first embodiment, and a drop receiver 16 corresponding to the drop receiver 8 in the solar heat collector 1 of FIG. It is different in that it has a drainage function.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the drop receiver 16 is provided with a slope for collecting water that is inclined downward from the left and right ends toward the center of the receiving surface part 17 for receiving the fallen fragments, and is tubular at the bottom of the slope. A drain port 18 (FIG. 5) is formed on the surface. When the dewdrop 16 generated in the transparent plate 7 or the rainwater flowing through the transparent plate 7 flows down, the drop receiver 16 collects the water at the drainage port 18 with the gradient for collecting water in the receiving surface 17. Drain from 18 to the floor 19 of the veranda 3.

  As described above, in the solar heat collector 15 of the present embodiment, the drop receiver 16 collects condensed water generated in the transparent plate 7 and rainwater flowing through the transparent plate 7 in addition to the function of preventing the falling of the transparent plate fragments. It is designed to function as a drainage element that drains water. Therefore, higher functionality can be obtained in the drop receiver 16. Since other configurations and the like are the same as those of the first embodiment, common elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

  5 and 6 schematically show the configuration and installation structure of the solar heat collector according to the third embodiment. The solar heat collector 21 of this embodiment is basically the same as the solar heat collector 1 of the first embodiment, and the drop receiver 22 corresponding to the drop receiver 8 in the solar heat collector 1 of FIG. The difference is that it has a function of reflecting and condensing light.

  The drop receiver 22 has a reflective surface 24 with high reflectivity formed on the receiving surface portion 23 for receiving fallen fragments, for example, by applying a mirror finish or attaching a reflector. By reflecting R, the light can be incident and condensed on the sunlight incident surface 9. Thus, in addition to the function of preventing the falling of the transparent plate pieces, the function of reflecting and collecting sunlight is also provided, so that the functionality of the drop receiver 22 can be improved.

  Further, the drop receiver 22 can adjust the angle of the reflection surface 24 with respect to such a reflection / condensing function. Various mechanisms are possible for adjusting the angle of the reflecting surface 24, but in the example shown in the figure, a rotation method is used. Specifically, the angle of the reflecting surface 24 can be arbitrarily set by providing a rotating portion 25 on the receiving surface portion 23 at the rear end position of the reflecting surface 24 and rotating the receiving surface portion 23 by this rotating portion 25. I am doing so. By making the angle adjustment of the reflecting surface 24 in this way, it becomes possible to perform efficient light collection according to the solar altitude for each season. That is, when the reflecting surface 24 is in an angled state as shown in FIG. 5, a condensing limit point L is generated in the middle of the reflecting surface 24 for sunlight R from a high altitude sun, As shown in FIG. 6, when the reflecting surface 24 is tilted in a direction approaching the sunlight incident surface 9, the condensing limit point L can be moved to the tip of the reflecting surface 24, and thus the reflected and condensed light is more efficiently reflected. Can be done.

  Since the other configurations and the like are the same as those in the first embodiment, common elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

  FIG. 7 schematically shows the configuration and installation structure of the solar heat collector according to the fourth embodiment. The solar heat collector 31 of this embodiment is basically the same as the solar heat collector 1 of the first embodiment, and is characterized by a drop receiver 32 corresponding to the drop receiver 8 in the solar heat collector 1 of FIG. There is.

  The drop receiver 32 also functions as a support element for installing the solar heat collector 31 on the handrail 4 with the solar heat collector 31 tilted. For this purpose, the fixing portion 33, the receiving surface / support surface portion 34, and the auxiliary fixing portion 35 are provided. , And a structure having a return surface portion 13.

  The fixing portion 33 is formed in a flat plate shape and can be fixed to the base portion of the handrail 4 in a horizontal state by bolting or screwing.

  The receiving surface / supporting surface portion 34 is formed in a flat plate shape so as to be connected to the horizontal fixed portion 33 in a state of being inclined upward at a predetermined angle. The receiving surface / supporting surface portion 34 functions as a receiving surface portion for receiving falling pieces, functions as a supporting surface portion that supports the solar heat collector 31 with respect to the lower end surface thereof, and further functions to reflect and collect sunlight. . And about a support function, it exists in the above-mentioned inclination state with respect to the fixing | fixed part 33 of a horizontal state, and it is made to support the lower end surface of the frame 5 of the solar-heat collector 31, and, thereby, with respect to the handrail 4 of the solar-heat collector 31 The inclined installation structure, that is, a support element for the installation structure that makes the incident angle of the sunlight R to the solar heat collector 31 more efficient with respect to heat collection. As for the sunlight reflecting and condensing function, a reflecting surface 36 similar to the reflecting surface 24 in the third embodiment is formed on the receiving surface and supporting surface portion 34.

  The auxiliary fixing portion 35 is provided so as to be connected in a state orthogonal to the rear end portion of the receiving surface / supporting surface portion 34, and the frame 5 of the solar heat collector 31 is bolted or screwed on the back side thereof. It can be fixed to the drop receiver 32 and functions as a reinforcing rib for the receiving surface / support surface portion 34.

  As described above, in the solar heat collector 31 of the present embodiment, the drop receiver 32 functions as a support element in the inclined installation on the veranda 3 of the solar heat collector 31 in addition to the function of preventing the transparent plate fragments from falling. Furthermore, it is designed to function also for sunlight reflection and condensing. Therefore, higher functionality can be obtained in the drop receiver 32. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, common elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

  As mentioned above, although the form for implementing this invention was demonstrated, this is only a typical example and this invention can be implemented with a various form in the range which does not deviate from the meaning. For example, in each of the embodiments described above, a solar heat collector is installed using a handrail on a veranda. However, the solar heat collector is not limited to this. For example, a solar heat collector using a ceiling of a veranda (a floor of a veranda directly above) This can also be applied to the case where a vessel is installed.

It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the solar-heat collector by 1st Embodiment, and its installation structure. It is the figure seen from the A direction in FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the solar-heat collector by 2nd Embodiment, and its installation structure. It is the figure seen from the B direction in FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the solar-heat collector by 3rd Embodiment, and its installation structure. It is a figure which shows the state which changed the angle of the reflective surface of a fall receiver about the solar-heat collector of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the solar-heat collector by 4th Embodiment, and its installation structure.

Explanation of symbols

1, 15, 21, 31 Solar collector 2 Building 3 Veranda 7 Transparent plates 8, 16, 22, 32 Fall receivers 24, 36 Reflecting surface R Sunlight

Claims (4)

In a solar collector that is equipped with a transparent plate and is placed on the veranda of the building with sunlight entering through the transparent plate,
A solar heat collector comprising a drop receiver for receiving debris generated when the transparent plate is damaged.   The solar heat collector according to claim 1, wherein the drop receiver is configured to collect and drain water flowing down to the drop receiver.   The said fall receptacle has a reflective surface with high reflectivity with respect to sunlight R, The sunlight R reflected by this reflective surface is made to inject into the said transparent plate, The Claim 1 or Claim characterized by the above-mentioned. Item 3. A solar heat collector according to item 2.   The solar heat collector according to claim 3, wherein an angle of the reflecting surface is adjustable.

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