JP2010150870A - Recovery lock of pneumatic caisson - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a recovery lock which does not need a slab of reinforced concrete of a pneumatic caisson and which has a highly pressure-resistant space capable of being pressurized or decompressed for recovering a caisson excavator from a pneumatic work chamber for repair and inspection. <P>SOLUTION: The recovery lock is formed of a shell body of a nearly semi-cylindrical type pressure-resistant shape. The recovery lock forming an air tight space surrounds an opening with a pneumatic door of a pneumatic slab which partitions the pneumatic work chamber, and is removably fixed on the top surface of the pneumatic slab. The shell body is composed of a decomposed pieces enabling decomposition and airtight-assembly with respect to the entire surface which includes at least its nearly semi-cylindrical peripheral surface and its end surface in the axial direction. The nearly semi-cylindrical shell body provides a broad work area which continues from both sides of the opening with the pneumatic door to both ends in the axial direction, and is connected to a man lock in an airtight state in the work area. Preferably, a support member is installed between the axial direction end surface of the nearly-semi-cylindrical shell body and the opposing inner face of the side wall of the pneumatic caisson for reinforcing pressure resistance. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is a pneumatic caisson recovery lock, more specifically, a pneumatic caisson's pressure working chamber is adjacent to the pressure working slab that forms the ceiling, and the caisson excavator is recovered from the pressure working room for repair and inspection. Therefore, the present invention relates to a pneumatic caisson having a recovery lock for partitioning a maintenance work space that can be pressurized or depressurized.

  In the pneumatic caisson, a conventional pressurized slab is provided at the bottom of the caisson housing to divide the pressurized working chamber pressurized to high pressure to prevent the excavation ground from collapsing and groundwater jetting. The caisson excavator is suspended from the rail and moved to perform excavation. At the initial stage of the caisson housing subsidence, the pressurized working room is still at or near atmospheric pressure, so it is possible for workers to enter the pressurized working room and board the caisson excavator for direct excavation. Since the pressurized working room is pressurized as the construction progresses, workers will operate under various conditions according to safety standards to prevent decompression sickness, so excavation work is performed on the ground from the viewpoint of safety and efficiency. In recent years, it has been carried out by remote control operation from a remote control. However, inspection and repair once a caisson excavator has failed has not yet been implemented by remote control operation. Desirably, it is required to avoid the need for an operator to enter the pressure working chamber for inspection and repair.

In the pneumatic caisson proposed in response to the demand, a space is constructed in which the caisson excavator is collected adjacent to the pressure working room and the worker performs inspection and repair in an atmospheric pressure environment. For this reason, there is a type in which a pressure lock slab is used as a lower slab for the recovery lock that forms this space, and a recovery lock is formed by a double slab structure made of reinforced concrete or the like that forms an upper slab in parallel thereabove. In this double slab structure, in order to collect the caisson excavator in the recovery lock, an opening through which the caisson excavator can pass is formed through the lower slab, and through an open / close door that opens and closes the opening. A lifting device for moving the caisson excavator between the pressure working chamber and the recovery lock, a recovery platform for closing the door and moving the caisson excavator on the floor of the recovery lock, and an air pressure adjusting means for adjusting the atmospheric pressure in the recovery lock As a result, operations that cannot be remotely controlled, such as assembly, inspection, repair of the caisson excavator, or dismantling after completion of the caisson subsidence work, are carried out without the worker being exposed to the high pressure in the pressurized work room. This is possible (see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent No. 3470894

  However, the recovery lock with the conventional double slab structure has the following problems because the upper slab is made of reinforced concrete integrally with the caisson housing including the lower slab. As illustrated in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), when an embedded pneumatic caisson is used as a shaft in, for example, shield tunnel excavation work, or when used as a rainwater storage tank, etc. After the caisson has been set up, at least the recovery lock is no longer necessary, so that at least the upper slab must be removed. Fig. 7 (a) shows a small-diameter pneumatic caisson as a single shield tunnel excavation start shaft, and Fig. 7 (b) shows a large-diameter pneumatic caisson as two shield tunnel excavation start shafts. The overlapping positional relationship between the tunnel start opening T and the upper slab U to be removed is shown. In either case, removing slabs made of reinforced concrete requires a great deal of labor, time, and costs, and at the same time, generates a large amount of concrete waste and recycle scrap industrial waste, extending the construction period of the entire structure. And increased overall costs.

  The present invention has been proposed in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. In the pneumatic caisson, an effective recovery lock is formed without using a double slab structure, and the removal work does not extend the entire construction period. The object is to provide a recovery lock that is easy to work and does not generate industrial waste.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention according to claim 1 is adjacent to a pneumatic working chamber of a pneumatic caisson via a pressurized slab, and communicates via an opening with a pressurized door of the pressurized slab, In a recovery lock that divides an airtight space that can be pressurized and depressurized between atmospheric pressure and atmospheric pressure to recover caisson excavators used in the pressurized air chamber and perform repairs and inspection work, the recovery lock is located on the upper surface of the compressed air slab. It is made up of an almost semi-cylindrical pressure-resistant shell with a semi-circular or horseshoe cross-section, and the shell is disassembled and air-tight over the entire surface, including at least a semi-cylindrical peripheral surface and an axial end face. It consists of a plurality of disassembled pieces that can be assembled.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the recovery lock of the pneumatic caisson according to the first aspect, the recovery lock formed of a substantially semi-cylindrical shell is provided between the material shaft and the opening with the pressure door of the pressure slab. A manlock pneumatic door that is arranged and forms a work area that extends in the axial direction of the shell from both sides of the opening with a pressure door, and that is formed in a pressure-resistant shape that can be pressurized or depressurized with a steel plate in the work area and connected to the man shaft It is connected to an access passage.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the recovery lock for the pneumatic caisson according to the first or second aspect, the recovery lock formed of a substantially semi-cylindrical shell is formed between the outer wall of the axial end surface and the inner wall of the pneumatic caisson. A support material is installed between the support materials, and the support material is made of support structure, unreinforced concrete, or fiber-containing concrete.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the caisson excavation used in the pneumatic working chamber is adjacent to the pneumatic working chamber of the pneumatic caisson via the pressurized pneumatic slab and communicates through the opening with the pressurized door of the pressurized slab. In a recovery lock that divides an airtight space that can be pressurized and depressurized between atmospheric pressure and pressure to recover the machine and perform repairs and inspection work, the recovery lock is airtightly fixed on the upper surface of the pressure slab, and the cross section is almost A semi-circular or horseshoe-shaped almost semi-cylindrical shell with a pressure-resistant shape, and the shell comprises at least a substantially semi-cylindrical peripheral surface and a plurality of disassembly capable of disassembly and airtight assembly over the entire surface including the axial end face. Since it is a single piece, it is not necessary to install an upper slab above the pressure slab which is conventionally required for forming a recovery lock, and a double slab structure is not required. At the same time, when the recovery lock has finished its function and needs to be removed, it is not removed by destruction like the conventional upper slab, but it can be disassembled into component disassembly pieces or at least some easy to carry The removal by breaking down into blocks of different dimensions requires far less labor and time compared to the removal by destruction of reinforced concrete, and there is no industrial waste generation and reassembly and reuse at other points. It becomes possible, and the advantages in shortening the construction period and reducing the cost are remarkable. In addition, since the outer shape is arcuate, the pressure resistance against internal pressure and external pressure is high.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the recovery lock made of a substantially semi-cylindrical shell is connected and disposed between the material shaft and the opening with the pressure door of the pressure slab in the vertical relationship, and the pressure door A wide working area that extends in the axial direction of the shell from both sides of the opening is formed, and in the working area, a pressure-proof shape that can be pressurized and depressurized with a steel plate is connected to the man shaft, and a manlock pneumatic door access passage Since the pneumatic caisson has a large diameter and is equipped with a plurality of openings with pressure doors in the pressure slab for use of a plurality of caisson excavators, the openings with pressure doors are particularly characterized. A wide recovery lock can be installed for each, and since it is connected to the manlock in the wide work area, workability becomes extremely high.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the recovery lock formed of a substantially semi-cylindrical shell is provided with a support material between the outer wall of the axial end face and the inner wall of the pneumatic caisson, and the support material is a support structure. Because it is made of unreinforced concrete or fiber-reinforced concrete, the axial end face of the nearly semi-cylindrical recovery lock, which is a flat surface with low pressure resistance, is reinforced by a support material, High pressure resistance of the caisson is further enhanced to withstand both high pressure internal pressure received when communicating with a pressurized working chamber and external pressure from water stored inside the caisson as a water load for promoting the subsidence of the pneumatic caisson. be able to.

  The most characteristic feature of the present invention is that a high-pressure-resistant, almost semi-cylindrical recovery lock is constructed on the upper surface of the pneumatic slab by assembling the disassembled pieces without using a double slab structure of reinforced concrete. The best embodiments 1 to 3 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  1-4 according to the present invention relates to the configuration of the recovery lock 10 in a pneumatic caisson having a relatively large diameter used as a shaft for starting two-hole tunnel excavation illustrated in FIG. 7B. In the figure, a pneumatic caisson A is closed with a pressure slab B that divides the pressure working chamber E together with a blade F provided around its lower end, and an opening H that passes through the pressure slab B but is opened and closed by a pressure door I. Only through the pressure working chamber E communicates with the caisson space maintained at the atmospheric pressure on the upper surface of the pressure slab B. A plurality of caisson excavators D that can move along the traveling rails C provided on the ceiling are arranged in the pressure working room E, and each is remotely controlled from a ground operation command room (not shown) to dig the ground G. . The earth and sand generated along with the ground digging passes through the material shaft J, and is pressurized and depressurized by the material lock K at the upper end through the opening H and the pressure air door I to move up and down between the atmosphere and the excavated ground G. It is discharged to the ground by the lifting bucket that does not. In the case of inspection maintenance or repair where the caisson excavator D in the pressure working room E cannot be remotely controlled, the caisson excavator D is pressurized via the opening H and the pressure door I for the health maintenance of workers. It collects in the recovery lock 10 from the working chamber E, closes the pressure door I, depressurizes the recovery lock to atmospheric pressure, and repairs it under atmospheric pressure environment. Although not shown, the pressure adjustment control device is preferably installed on the ground, and the atmospheric pressure in the pressure working room E is maintained at the high pressure necessary for stabilizing the excavation ground G and preventing groundwater discharge by remote control from the operation command room. To do.

  While the pressure door I is opened and the elevating bucket or caisson excavator D passes through the opening H, or while excavation continues and the elevating bucket repeatedly passes, the outside of the opening H, that is, the upper part is pressurized. Since the atmospheric pressure is the same as that of the chamber E and the pressure door I is closed and the operator performs inspection and repair work, the opening H is formed in a substantially semi-cylindrical shape having a substantially semicircular cross section. The rectangular bottom that surrounds the opening H is fastened to the upper surface of the pressure slab B by an anchor bolt 11 in a pressure-resistant shape, which is airtightly assembled and covered with a shell 12 constituting a recoverable lock 10 that can be disassembled. The inside of the recovery lock 10 is connected to an atmospheric pressure adjustment control device, and is controlled to be set to either atmospheric pressure or high atmospheric pressure in a pressurized working chamber.

  The recovery lock 10 is a so-called kamaboko-shaped or horseshoe-shaped shell 12 that is easy to assemble and disassemble, for example, a semi-cylindrical shape made of prestressed concrete or steel concrete, preferably steel. Here, the steel that is preferably used will be described, but the disassembled pieces are circumferential ribs 14 provided on both sides of the elongated steel plate 13 as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b). A peripheral member provided with the lateral ribs 15 provided, and an end face shell 16 fastened to the circumferential ribs 14 on both end faces of the substantially semi-cylindrical shell 12 and the end face shell as shown in FIG. It consists of end face material provided with the reinforcing steel plate 17 which makes the support structure containing the support pillar or girder attached to 16 outer surfaces. The circumferential ribs 14 and the lateral ribs 15 of the circumferential members adjacent to each other are connected to each other through an airtight seal and are fastened to each other by bolts and nuts. The peripheral surface material and the end surface material of the disassembled piece are each set to a size and weight that can be transported and are made into blocks to facilitate assembly, disassembly, movement, and reuse.

  The floor surface surrounded by the rectangular bottom of the substantially semi-cylindrical recovery lock 10 is also formed with a floor shell body of, for example, floor steel plate having an appropriate size as a block, and a reinforcing steel girder is welded. If the upper surface of B provides a sufficient floor surface, the floor shell body may be omitted for shortening the construction period and reducing the cost.

  A substantially semi-cylindrical shell 12 is hermetically connected to the lower end of the material shaft J at an upper position corresponding to the opening H of the pressure slab B covered by each recovery lock 10, and a material lock K at the upper end of the material shaft J located on the ground. , The earth and sand bucket (not shown) suspended by a ground crane or the like can be reciprocated in a pressurized state to the pressurized working chamber E. In the case of the illustration, two recovery locks 10 are arranged substantially parallel to the two openings H, and a steel cylindrical manlock M connected to the atmospheric pressure control device is located between them for stable installation. Each of the entrance / exit passages N installed on the upper surface of the pressure slab B via the gantry Q and projecting left and right from one waiting chamber P divided into two by a central pressure bulkhead O is a shell of the respective recovery lock 10. The worker entering the standby chamber P from the man shaft L connected to the standby chamber P of the manlock M waits for the pressure in the recovery lock 10 to be reduced to the atmospheric pressure, and The pressure air door is opened to enter the work area 18 that extends from both sides of the opening H close to one end face shell 16 to the other end face shell 16 in the recovery lock 10 and is collected from the pressure work chamber E in advance. Of the caisson excavator D It hits the inspection repair. In the drawing, the opening H is brought close to one end surface portion, but this is for maximizing the work area 18 on the other end surface portion side, and it goes without saying that another arrangement may be adopted depending on the situation. Preferably, the manlock M, the standby chamber P, and the entrance / exit passage N are made of steel. An elevator may be installed inside the man shaft L for raising and lowering workers.

  The other pressure chamber R in which the pressure partition O divides the manlock M communicates with the pressure working chamber E via the pressure shaft S passing through the pressure slab B, but is normally closed by the pressure door I and maintained at atmospheric pressure. When the worker needs to enter and exit the pressurized working chamber E, the pressure is increased to high pressure.

  FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the recovery lock 10 according to the present invention. The components and requirements of the pneumatic caisson A, the recovery lock 10 and the manlock M are exactly the same as those of the first embodiment, and their details Although the description is omitted to avoid complication, the feature of the second embodiment is that the end face shells 16 at both ends in the axial direction of the substantially semi-cylindrical recovery lock 10 having a substantially semicircular cross section are opposed to the new shell. A large number of reinforcing members 19 are installed between the side walls of the matic caisson A to reinforce the flat end surface shell 16 having a lower pressure resistance than the substantially semicircular circumferential surface portion. As the reinforcing member 19, a supporting structure such as a supporting column or a girder is used, and a plurality of these are provided and fixed between the end face shell 16 and the side wall horizontally or obliquely in the longitudinal direction. The number and arrangement of the reinforcing members 19 are appropriately selected according to the scale.

  FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of the recovery lock 10 according to the present invention, but the detailed description of the same components and requirements as those in the first and second embodiments is omitted, and the characteristic points of the third embodiment are described. The pressure support of the end face shell 16 of the substantially semi-cylindrical recovery lock 10 having a substantially semicircular shape is performed by the concrete support body 20. The concrete support 20 is advantageous when the distance between the end face of the recovery lock 10 and the side wall of the pneumatic caisson A is short or when the recovery lock 10 is long so as to approach the width between the side walls. Normally, unreinforced concrete or fiber-reinforced concrete is cast, but reinforcing bars may be installed when particularly high pressure resistance or strength is required. Compared with the configurations of the first and second embodiments, the concrete support body 20 imparts high pressure resistance to the recovery lock 10 with respect to both the internal pressure and the external pressure with respect to the recovery lock 10.

  In any of the first to third embodiments, the shape of the shell 12 constituting the recovery lock 10 is a substantially semi-cylindrical pressure-resistant shape having a substantially semicircular cross section. A semi-circle cut along the diameter line, a semi-circular shape cut along a short axis or a long axis, or a semi-circular shape cut along a diameter line parallel to the diameter line An elliptical shape, a substantially semi-elliptical shape cut at a position including any axis parallel to the short axis or the long axis (horse-shoe shape) or not including the axis is included.

The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the collection | recovery lock | rock by Example 1 of this invention with the whole structure installed in the pneumatic caisson with the manlock. The cross-sectional view of the whole structure which follows the II-II line | wire of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the whole structure which follows the III-III line of FIG. (A) is a slightly enlarged cross-sectional view of a recovery lock according to the present invention. FIG. 4B is a partial side view of the recovery lock of FIG. The cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2 of the whole structure by Example 2 of this invention. The cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2 of the whole structure by Example 3 of this invention. (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional example of a tunnel excavation shaft to which the present invention can be applied. (B) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of another conventional example of a tunnel excavation shaft to which the present invention can be applied.

Explanation of symbols

A Pneumatic caisson B Pressure slab C Travel rail D Caisson excavator E Pressure working room F Blade edge G Ground H Opening I Pressure door J Material shaft K Material lock L Manshaft M Manlock N Access passage O Pressure bulkhead P Waiting room Q frame R pressure chamber S pressure shaft 10 recovery lock 11 anchor bolt 12 shell 13 steel plate 14 circumferential rib 15 lateral rib 16 end face shell 17 reinforcing steel plate (support structure)
18 Work area 19 Reinforcement material (support material)
20 Concrete support

Claims (3)

In order to collect the caisson excavator used in the pneumatic working chamber and perform repairs and inspection work by adjoining the pneumatic caisson's pneumatic working chamber via the pneumatic slab and communicating with the pneumatic slab through the opening with the pneumatic door. In the recovery lock that partitions the airtight space that can be pressurized or depressurized between atmospheric pressure and atmospheric pressure,
The recovery lock is hermetically fixed on the upper surface of the pneumatic slab, and is composed of a semi-cylindrical pressure-resistant shell with a substantially semicircular or horseshoe cross section. The shell is at least a semicylindrical circumferential surface and an axial end surface. A recovery lock for a pneumatic caisson comprising a plurality of disassembly pieces that enable disassembly and airtight assembly on the entire surface including The recovery lock consisting of a semi-cylindrical shell is placed between the material shaft and the opening with the pressure door of the pressure slab, forming a work area that extends in the axial direction of the shell from both sides of the opening with the pressure door. And in the work area
2. The pneumatic caisson recovery lock according to claim 1, wherein said pneumatic caisson recovery lock is formed of a steel plate and is formed in a pressure-resistant shape capable of being pressurized and depressurized and connected to an access passage with a pressure lock door connected to a man shaft.   The recovery lock, which is an almost semi-cylindrical shell, has a support material installed between the outer wall of the axial end face and the inner wall of the pneumatic caisson, and the support material is made of support structure, unreinforced concrete, or fiber-filled concrete. The recovery lock for a pneumatic caisson according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that

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