JP2010149955A - Elevator brake control device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an elevator brake control device that stably reduces an operating noise generated by braking operation and that reduces the time for braking operation without being influenced by an environmental change or secular change. <P>SOLUTION: In a brake device for an elevator, the control device comprises: a position pattern generator for generating a brake shoe position pattern when braking is actuated or released in the brake device of the elevator; a displacement detector for detecting positional information corresponding to the displacement of the brake shoe; and a compensation means for outputting a voltage applied to a brake coil so as to match the value at the time when the position of the brake shoe corresponds to the position pattern generated by the position pattern generator. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator brake device that obtains a braking force by pressing a brake shoe against a brake drum.

  It consists of a movable piece that generates a braking force by being pressed against the brake drum by a braking spring, and an electromagnetic coil that constitutes an electromagnet for attracting the movable piece against the urging force of the braking spring and releasing the braking. In conventional elevator brake control devices, the conventional technique brakes the movable piece by the collision force generated by the collision between the movable piece and the electromagnet when the movable piece is attracted to the electromagnet by the electromagnetic attraction force, and the spring biasing force after the brake is released. In order to reduce the operation sound generated by the collision between the movable piece and the brake drum when braking is applied to the drum, a stepped coil current of 1 to 3 steps is applied when the brake is released, and 1 to 2 steps of coil current is applied when braking is applied. There is an elevator brake device that provides a stepped coil current. As the step-like current, a command to temporarily stop the movable piece at the position from when the movable piece starts to move in the first step until it collides with the contact surface when braking is released and when braking is applied, and the operation is completed in the next step. By giving, the collision speed of the movable piece is suppressed and the collision sound is reduced. The step-like current command for temporarily stopping the movable piece used at this time is set in advance before the braking operation based on information obtained from a position sensor or a sound pressure sensor attached in the vicinity of the movable piece (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).

As another prior art, the brake shoe falling speed, which is the speed of the brake shoe when the brake shoe is moved from the brake coil to the brake drum by the biasing force of the spring when braking is applied, matches the ideal speed pattern. There is an elevator brake device that reduces the collision speed when the brake shoe collides with the brake drum by applying the control voltage as described above and suppresses the brake operation sound (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

ここで、ａは衝突エネルギーの比例定数、ｂは衝突部材の材質特性や機構等によるオフセット量、ｃは衝突・振動伝達等のエネルギー損失係数であり、それぞれ既知の値となる。（１）式より衝突速度が増加すると衝突音も増加することが分かる。 Non-Patent Document 1 shows that the following expression (1) is established between the magnitude (sound pressure level) Lp of the collision sound generated by the collision of the brake shoe and the collision speed Ve of the brake shoe. (For example, refer nonpatent literature 1).

Here, a is a proportional constant of collision energy, b is an offset amount due to the material characteristics and mechanism of the collision member, and c is an energy loss coefficient such as collision / vibration transmission, which is a known value. From equation (1), it can be seen that the collision noise increases as the collision speed increases.

JP 2008-81226 A (pages 11 to 12, FIG. 3) JP 2004-115203 A (pages 9-10, FIG. 7) Noise and vibration countermeasure handbook (Japan Acoustical Materials Association, Gihodo Publishing, January 1982)

In general, an electromagnetic brake includes a spring for pressing a brake shoe against a brake drum and an electromagnetic coil constituting an electromagnet for attracting the brake shoe against the urging force of the braking spring and releasing the braking.

ここで、ｋは、ばねのばね定数で、既知の値であり、Ｘ_０は、ばねの自然長位置から電磁コイルまでの変位で既知の値となる。 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a force acting on a brake shoe of an electromagnetic brake. The brake shoe is subjected to a spring force Fs that is pressed by a spring in the direction of the brake drum and an electromagnetic attractive force Fm that is attracted by an electromagnet against the spring force Fs. At this time, the spring force Fs acting on the brake shoe is expressed by the following equation (Equation (2)) using the displacement Xg of the brake shoe.

Here, k is the spring constant of the spring, a known value, X ₀ is a known value in the displacement of up to the electromagnetic coil from the natural length position of the spring.

ここで、ｐは電磁石吸引力係数で既知の値であり、Ｘｍはコイルの漏れ磁束などから決まる既知の値である。 Further, the attractive force Fm by the electromagnetic coil is expressed by the following equation (Equation (3)) using the displacement Xg of the brake shoe and the current i flowing through the electromagnetic coil.

Here, p is a known value of the electromagnet attractive force coefficient, and Xm is a known value determined from the leakage flux of the coil and the like.

  The electromagnetic brake has a structure in which a braking force is obtained by a frictional force when the brake shoe is pressed against the brake drum by a spring force Fs. Therefore, when releasing the braking of the electromagnetic brake, the brake shoe is attracted to the electromagnetic coil side by causing a current to flow through the electromagnetic coil and generating an attractive force Fm that overcomes the spring force Fs. This operation is called a brake suction operation.

  On the other hand, when braking is applied, the electromagnetic coil is de-energized to reduce the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil according to a time constant determined from the resistance and inductance of the electromagnetic coil. As the coil current decreases, the attraction force Fm decreases, and when the spring force Fs overcomes the attraction force Fm, the brake shoe is displaced in the brake drum direction by the spring force Fs. This is called a brake dropping operation, and the displacement of the brake shoe toward the brake drum is called dropping.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the brake shoe displacement Xg and the spring force Fs acting on the brake shoe, and the relationship between the attractive force Fm and the brake shoe displacement Xg when the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil is fixed. As shown in FIG. 2, the current ib is a current that flows through the electromagnetic coil when the attractive force Fm is balanced with the spring force Fs by the displacement Xb when braking is applied, and the current ia is the spring by the displacement Xa when the attractive force Fm is released from braking. The current flows through the electromagnetic coil when it balances with the force Fs.

Here, the suction operation of the brake is considered. When a current ibh equal to or greater than ib is passed through the electromagnetic coil at the displacement Xb when braking is applied, the attractive force Fm overcomes the spring force Fs and the brake shoe starts moving toward the electromagnetic coil. When the suction operation starts, the brake shoe displacement Xg decreases. At this time, the suction force Fm increases in inverse proportion to the square of the brake shoe displacement Xg, so that the suction force Fm that overcomes the spring force Fs continues to act on the brake shoe. And since a brake shoe continues accelerating, the collision speed to an electromagnetic coil becomes large, and the big operation sound exceeding an allowable value will generate | occur | produce.

Next, let us consider the drop operation. When the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil at the displacement Xa when the brake is released is set to a current iah which is equal to or less than ia, the spring force Fs overcomes the attractive force Fm and the brake shoe starts to move toward the brake drum. When the dropping operation starts, the displacement Xg of the brake shoe increases. Accordingly, the suction force Fm decreases rapidly in inverse proportion to the square of the displacement Xg.
Therefore, the brake shoe continues to be accelerated by the spring force Fs larger than the suction force Fm, and the collision speed with the brake drum increases. For this reason, a loud operating sound exceeding the allowable value is generated. In the following, the collision speed at which the operation sound becomes an allowable value in the brake operation will be referred to as an allowable collision speed Vs. Further, the distance at which the collision speed becomes the permissible collision speed Vs when the brake shoe is dropped to the brake drum side with only the force of the spring force Fs from zero speed in the state where the suction force Fm does not work during the dropping operation, This is called allowable stroke Xn. Hereinafter, the distance at which the collision speed becomes the allowable collision speed Vs when the brake shoe is sucked with the suction force Fm by the current ibh from zero speed is also referred to as the allowable stroke Xn.

In Patent Document 1, both when the brake is sucked and when the brake is dropped, the brake shoe is temporarily moved to a position between the time when the brake shoe starts moving by the first step current command of the stepped current command and the time when the brake shoe collides with the contact surface. Try to stop.

Here, in the graph of the spring force Fs and the attraction force Fm in FIG. 2, the current ic that balances the spring force Fs and the attraction force Fm at the displacement Xc that is a position between the displacement Xb in the braking application state and the displacement Xa in the braking release state. Think. The current ic is larger than the current ia and smaller than the current ib (ia <ic <ib). At this time, the current ic becomes a current that can hold the brake shoe at the displacement Xc.

In Patent Document 1, the brake shoe is temporarily stopped by giving this current ic as a current command. However, since the brake suction operation requires a coil current equal to or greater than the current ib at the displacement Xb, the brake shoe cannot be sucked with a current ic lower than the current ib.

On the other hand, even in the dropping operation, in order to operate the brake shoe, it is necessary to lower the coil current below the current ia at the displacement Xa. Therefore, the brake shoe does not fall at a current ic higher than the current ia. From the above, the brake operation cannot be executed by the method of Patent Document 1.

  Further, in Patent Document 1, a step-like current command is set in advance based on information of sensor means for detecting a collision between a current sensor and a brake shoe. However, the current behavior during brake operation and the timing of a brake shoe collision change depending on environmental changes such as heat generation and outside air temperature during use of the device, or secular changes such as spring force.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the displacement Xg of the brake shoe, the spring force Fs acting on the brake shoe, and the attractive force Fm when the coil current is fixed. In FIG. 3, the current at which the spring force Fm and the attractive force Fm are balanced by the displacement Xc is ic. Here, it is assumed that the spring force Fs decreases and changes to the spring force Fsh due to secular change. At this time, when the current ic is passed through the brake coil, the attractive force Fm becomes larger than the spring force Fsh at the displacement Xc. Therefore, the brake shoe is attracted to the brake coil side by the attractive force Fm. That is, in order to stop the brake shoe at the displacement Xc, it is necessary to pass a current ich that generates a suction force Fmh that balances the spring force Fsh after the change at the displacement Xc. In other words, the target current command for stopping the brake shoe needs to be changed according to environmental changes and secular changes. Therefore, the apparatus described in Patent Document 1 cannot cope with environmental changes and secular changes.

In general, in an elevator, the elevator ascends and descends after the brake suction operation is completed. When the brake operation time is shortened, the elevator lifting / lowering operation start can be accelerated, so that the elevator operation efficiency is improved. That is, it is better that the brake operation time is short. On the other hand, when the brake shoe is temporarily stopped at a position between the start of movement and the collision, it is necessary to operate the brake shoe after the stop at a speed equal to or lower than the allowable collision speed Vs in consideration of reducing operation noise.

Therefore, considering the shortening of the operation time, the section below the allowable collision speed Vs should be short, and the stop position should be set immediately before the collision when the distance from the stop position to the collision position is equal to or less than the allowable stroke Xn. In Patent Document 2, control is performed so that the speed of the brake shoe follows the target value, and the position is not considered. For this reason, since the brake shoe collision time cannot be set explicitly, the brake shoe cannot be stopped once at a position immediately before the collision where the movement distance after stopping the brake shoe is equal to or less than the allowable stroke Xn. As a result, the brake operation takes time.

  The present invention solves the above-described problems, and suppresses the time required for the brake operation, and reduces the operation sound generated during the brake operation without being affected by environmental changes and secular changes. The purpose is to obtain.

A brake device for an elevator according to the present invention includes a brake drum provided in a hoisting machine motor that drives an elevator car up and down, a brake shoe that generates a braking force by sliding against the brake drum, and the brake shoe A brake device for an elevator comprising: a spring that presses the brake drum against the brake drum; and a control device that outputs a control voltage supplied to a brake coil that constitutes an electromagnet that attracts the brake shoe against an urging force of the spring. The control device generates a position pattern of the brake shoe when braking is applied to the elevator brake device or when braking is released, and a position pattern generator,
A displacement detector for detecting position information corresponding to the displacement of the brake shoe, and the brake coil so that the position of the brake shoe matches a value at a corresponding time of the position pattern generated by the position pattern generator. Compensation means for outputting a voltage to be applied to.

  According to the configuration of the invention described above, since the target value can be given not by the speed of the brake shoe but by the position by giving the brake shoe the behavior determined by the position pattern, the timing of the collision can be known. Further, the brake shoe can be stopped at the position immediately before the collision, and the brake operation sound can be reduced. Further, by temporarily stopping at the position immediately before the collision, the speed section below the allowable collision speed Vs can be shortened, so that the brake operation time can be shortened. Furthermore, since the position pattern does not change even when an environmental change such as temperature or a secular change such as a spring force occurs, it can be controlled without being affected by the environmental change or the secular change.

Embodiment 1
FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the entire elevator brake system including the elevator brake device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The same applies to each embodiment described below. The elevator car 1 is suspended in a slidable manner together with a counterweight 4 on the other end side by a main rope 3 wound around a sheave 2 of the hoisting machine and is driven up and down by a hoisting machine motor 5. The brake drum 6 is installed on a shaft that connects the hoist motor 5 and the sheave 2, and the braking force is applied by the frictional force when the brake shoe 8 is pressed against the brake drum 6 by the biasing force of the spring 7. To get.

The present invention is used for an electromagnetic brake control device. In the drawing, the control device 9 energizes the brake coil 10 that constitutes a DC electromagnet when the brake is attracted, and urges the brake shoe 8 to urge the brake shoe 8 by the spring 7 (to the brake drum 6 side of the brake shoe 8). To the brake coil 10 side.

  On the other hand, when the control device 9 deenergizes the brake coil 10 during the brake dropping operation, the current value of the brake coil 10 decreases according to a time constant determined by the resistance and inductance values of the brake coil 10. Accordingly, when the suction force decreases and becomes smaller than the urging force of the spring 7, the brake coil 10 and the brake shoe 8 are separated from each other, and the brake shoe 8 falls to the brake drum 6 side by the urging force of the spring 7.

  FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a brake device including portions 9 and 10 of FIG. 4 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 5, the control device 9 generates a position pattern generator 12 that generates a position pattern Xd of the brake shoe 8 that reduces the brake operation sound described below, and a position corresponding to the displacement of the brake shoe 8 on a one-to-one basis. A displacement detector 11 that detects information X, a subtractor 13 that obtains a position deviation ΔX between the position information X and a value corresponding to the time of the position pattern Xd, and a voltage command E to the brake coil 10 from the position deviation ΔX. Compensator 14 for outputting. As the displacement detector 11, a position sensor may be used, or a displacement of the brake shoe 8 may be estimated from a coil model based on a current value flowing through the brake coil 10 and a voltage command.

  Next, the dropping operation of the brake control device 9 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing the operation of the control device 9 of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the horizontal axis indicates time t, (a) is the time change of the position information X of the brake shoe 8 detected by the displacement detector 11, (b) is the time change of the speed V of the brake shoe 8, (C) shows the waveform of the voltage command E supplied to the brake coil 10.

  The drop operation of the first embodiment, that is, the operation from T1 to T4 in FIG. 6 will be described with reference to FIG. When the brake is dropped, first, at time T1, as shown in FIG. 6C, the voltage command to the brake coil 10 is instantaneously set to zero. As a result, the current flowing through the brake coil 10 starts to decrease, and when the attractive force due to the coil current becomes smaller than the spring force at time T2, the brake shoe 8 starts to drop toward the brake drum 6.

When the control device 9 detects the movement of the brake shoe 8 based on the position information X from the displacement detector 11 at time T2, the subtractor 13 detects the position information X from the displacement detector 11 and the position pattern Xd from the position pattern generator 12. And a voltage command E to the brake coil 10 is output so that the compensation means 14 sets the position deviation ΔX to zero. Here, examples of the compensation means 14 include a P controller and a PID controller. As shown in FIG. 6C, the voltage command E is given until time T4 when the brake shoe 8 collides with the brake drum 6.

  Thereby, the behavior when the brake shoe 8 is dropped follows the position pattern Xd generated by the position pattern generator 12. Therefore, the behavior of the brake shoe 8 falling when the brake is dropped can be controlled in a predetermined pattern.

At this time, the brake shoe 8 can be temporarily stopped during the dropping operation by giving a target value for temporarily stopping the brake shoe 8 during the dropping operation as described below. As a result, since the displacement of the brake shoe 8 from the stop to the collision becomes shorter than usual, the speed of the brake shoe 8 is not accelerated beyond the allowable collision speed Vs, and the speed when colliding with the brake drum 6 is more effective. Therefore, the brake operation sound generated at the time of a collision can be reduced.

  Here, an example of the position pattern Xd will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. After the voltage command to the brake coil 10 is set to zero at time T1, when the movement of the brake shoe 8 is detected at time T2, the control device 9 starts control. First, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the control device 9 increases the speed of the brake shoe 8 and then decelerates it, and the brake shoe 8 collides with the brake drum 6 from the drop operation start position Xa at time T3. The brake shoe 8 is temporarily stopped at a position X3 between the position Xb. Thereafter, the brake shoe 8 is slowly dropped at a speed equal to or lower than the allowable collision speed Vs. When the stop position X3 used in the position pattern Xd is as close as possible to the brake drum collision position Xb, the brake operation sound can be reduced.

In the present invention, since the position pattern Xd of the brake shoe 8 is given as a target value, the position in the position pattern Xd where the brake shoe 8 collides with the brake drum 6 is determined. For this reason, the brake shoe 8 can be temporarily stopped at a position immediately before the collision such that the distance from the stop position to the collision position with the brake drum 6 is smaller than the allowable stroke Xn. Thereby, the collision speed of the brake shoe 8 to the brake drum 6 can be suppressed, and the generated operation noise can be reduced.

Further, by temporarily stopping the brake shoe 8 at a position immediately before the collision with the brake drum 6, it is possible to shorten the time during which the speed from the temporary stop position to the collision with the brake drum 6 is equal to or less than the allowable collision speed Vs. The speed of the brake shoe 8 up to the stop position may be equal to or higher than the allowable collision speed Vs, and the time for operating at the allowable collision speed Vs or less can be shortened, so that the brake operation time can be shortened. Furthermore, by using the position pattern, the same position pattern can be used regardless of changes in the urging force of the spring 7 and changes in the resistance value of the brake coil 10 due to environmental changes such as temperature and changes over time. A stable silent effect is obtained without being affected by aging. As the position pattern Xd, a pattern in which the falling speed of the brake shoe 8 is decelerated to the allowable collision speed Vs or less at the time Ts and then slowly collides at the allowable collision speed Vs or less may be used.

Embodiment 2
As the position pattern Xd, a pattern considering the following energy is also conceivable.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the force acting on the brake shoe 8 of the present invention. From FIG. 7, the magnitude of the attractive force Fm by the brake coil 10 is expressed by the equation (3) using the gap Xg between the brake shoe 8 and the brake coil 10 and the current i flowing through the brake coil 10 as described above. 7 is also expressed by the equation (2) using the gap Xg.
From equations (2) and (3), if the mass of the brake shoe 8 is set to m, the behavior of the brake shoe 8 dropping is given by the following equation.

FIG. 8 shows an example of the position pattern Xd of the brake shoe 8 generated by the position pattern generator 12 according to the second embodiment. In FIG. 8, the horizontal axis represents time t, (a) shows the time change of the position pattern Xd of the brake shoe 8, and (b) shows the time change of the brake shoe speed with respect to the position pattern Xd. The following waveform is considered as the position pattern Xd. After starting the braking dropping operation, the brake shoes 8 at time T ₀ is when you start falling toward the brake drum 6, is accelerated initially until the time Tm at a constant slope. Then, it is decelerated at a constant slope up to the time Ts, the brake once the zero fall velocity of the shoe 8, further thereafter, is accelerated, the brake of the brake shoe 8 at an acceptable impact velocity Vs following speed Ve at time T _all drum 6 Collide with. FIG. 9C shows the coil current i with respect to the position pattern Xd. This is obtained from equation (4).

The circuit equation of the brake coil 10 is expressed by the following equation using the coil voltage E and the coil inductance L.

ここで、各パラメータＬ₀、Ｌ₁、Ｘ₁はコイルによって決まる既知の値である。図９の（ｄ）は、位置パターンＸｄに対し必要なコイル電圧Ｅの時間変化であり、これは（５）式と（６）式とから求まる。以上より求まる位置パターンＸｄに追従させるために必要な電力P＝ｉＥを図１０の（ｅ）に示す。これらを利用して消費電力が小さい、位置Ｘｓで一旦停止する位置パターンを設定することもできる。 The coil inductance L (Xg) is determined in relation to the displacement Xg of the brake shoe, and is calculated from the following equation, for example.

Here, the parameters L ₀ , L ₁ , and X ₁ are known values determined by the coils. (D) of FIG. 9 is a time change of the coil voltage E required with respect to the position pattern Xd, and this is obtained from the equations (5) and (6). FIG. 10E shows the power P = iE required for following the position pattern Xd obtained from the above. By using these, it is possible to set a position pattern in which power consumption is small and which stops temporarily at the position Xs.

  Further, since the input voltage E with respect to the position pattern Xd is also obtained from the equation (5), the position pattern Xd that temporarily stops within the input voltage limit can be generated when the input voltage of the brake device is limited.

Here, a representative example of the position pattern Xd in consideration of input energy and input voltage restriction is shown in FIG. In FIG. 8, the position Xb where the brake shoe 8 collides with the brake drum 6 is a known value determined in advance by each brake. Another object of the present invention is to reduce brake operation noise. Since the brake operation sound is determined by the collision speed Ve when the brake shoe 8 collides with the brake drum 6, the collision speed Ve is set below the allowable collision speed Vs. Further, since it is desired to shorten the time required for the brake dropping operation, the collision time _Tall is also set to a value shorter than the allowable time. Further, the stop time Ts is also temporarily fixed so that the distance from the stop position of the brake shoe 8 to the collision position is less than the allowable stroke Xn.

Under such conditions, the time Tm for switching the brake shoe falling speed from acceleration to deceleration is a design parameter, and the power consumption Q _in consumed by the dropping operation and the maximum value E of the input voltage E when the design parameter Tm is changed. The graphs of _max are shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, respectively. Power Q _in by increasing the switching time Tm from FIG. 11, it is seen to decrease. However, it can also be seen that the switching time Tm than 12 may exceed the maximum value E _max increases and the voltage limit of the input voltage E exceeds a time Tm _b. As described above, by setting the Tm _b of FIG. 12 is a boundary position falling within the input voltage limits the switching time Tm, designing the position pattern Xd as power consumption Q _in in the input voltage limits is minimized Can do.

Further, current limitation may be taken into consideration when designing the position pattern Xd. The coil current i with respect to the position pattern Xd is obtained from the equation (4) and becomes a graph as shown in FIG. Similar to the above design method, the collision position Xb, the collision speed Ve, the collision time T _all , and the stop time Ts are fixed in the position pattern Xd of FIG. FIG. 13 shows a graph of the maximum value i _max of the coil current i when the design parameter Tm is the time Tm for switching the brake shoe falling speed from acceleration to deceleration, and the design parameter Tm is changed. It can be seen from FIG. 13 that the maximum value i _max of the coil current i increases as the switching time Tm increases. This has the same tendency as the maximum value E _max of the input voltage E in FIG. From the above, by setting the Tm _c of FIG. 13 is a boundary position entering the switching time Tm in current limit, it is also possible to design the position pattern Xd as power consumption Q _in in the current limit becomes minimum .

Embodiment 3
In the first embodiment, the operation noise during the brake dropping operation is reduced. However, the present invention may be used for the operation noise reduction during the brake suction operation. FIG. 14 is a timing chart showing the operation of the control device 9 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 14, the horizontal axis indicates time t, (a) is the time change of the position information X of the brake shoe 8 detected by the displacement detector 11, (b) is the time change of the speed V of the brake shoe 8, (C) shows the waveform of the voltage command E supplied to the brake coil 10.

  The brake suction operation according to the third embodiment, that is, the brake operation corresponding to the time T5 to T8 in FIG. 14 will be described with reference to FIG. At the time of brake suction, first, at time T5, the suction voltage E0 is applied to the brake coil 10 as shown in FIG. As a result, current starts to flow through the brake coil 10, and when the suction force by the coil current becomes larger than the spring force at time T <b> 6, the brake shoe 8 starts suction toward the brake coil 10. When the control device 9 detects the movement of the brake shoe 8 based on the information from the displacement detector 11 at time T6, the subtracter 13 detects the time between the position information X from the displacement detector 11 and the position pattern Xd from the position pattern generator 12. The position deviation ΔX with respect to the value corresponding to is calculated, and the position deviation ΔX is further amplified by the compensation means 14 and output to the brake coil 10 as a voltage command E.

  Control using such a position pattern Xd is given until time T8 when the brake shoe 8 collides with the brake coil 10 as shown in FIG. After time T8, the holding voltage E1 is applied to the brake coil 10. The holding current E1 is a voltage that can hold the brake shoe 8 in the brake coil 10 and is set lower than the suction voltage E0, and heat generation of the brake coil 10 can be suppressed. As the voltage after the time T8 during the suction operation, the coil voltage may be decreased to the holding voltage E1 after giving the suction voltage E0 at the time T8 in consideration of the failure of the suction operation.

  By controlling the voltage to the brake coil 10 in this way, the behavior of the brake shoe 8 during suction follows the position pattern Xd generated by the position pattern generator 12. Thereby, the behavior of the brake shoe 8 at the time of brake suction can be controlled in a predetermined pattern. At this time, the speed at which the brake shoe 8 collides with the brake coil 10 can be effectively suppressed by giving a target value for temporarily stopping the brake shoe 8 during the suction operation described below. Brake operation sound generated at the time of collision can be reduced.

  The pattern of FIG. 14 will be described as an example of the position pattern Xd. When the brake shoe 8 starts moving at time T6 after the suction voltage E0 is applied at time T5, the control device 9 first increases the speed of the brake shoe 8 as shown in FIG. Thereafter, the speed is reduced, and at time T7, the brake shoe 8 is temporarily stopped at a position X7 between the brake suction operation start position Xb and the position Xa at which the brake shoe 8 collides with the brake coil 10, and then the speed is lower than the allowable collision speed Vs. Then, a pattern for slowly sucking the brake shoe 8 to the brake coil 10 is given. In order to reduce the operating noise during brake suction, the position X7 where the brake shoe 8 is temporarily stopped is such that the distance from the position where the brake shoe 8 temporarily stops to the position where it collides with the brake coil 10 is smaller than the allowable stroke Xn. It is better to set the position just before the collision.

In the present invention, the position pattern Xd of the brake shoe 8 is given as a target value. Since the position where the brake shoe 8 collides with the brake coil 10 is determined, the brake shoe 8 can be temporarily stopped at the position immediately before the collision with the brake coil 10. Thereby, the collision speed of the brake shoe 8 to the brake coil 10 can be suppressed, and the operation sound generated at this time can also be reduced. Further, by temporarily stopping the brake shoe 8 at a position immediately before the collision with the brake coil 10, the section below the allowable collision speed Vs can be shortened, so that the brake operation time can be shortened. Furthermore, by controlling the position, the same position pattern can be used regardless of changes in the resistance value of the brake coil 10 and changes in the urging force of the spring 7 due to environmental changes such as temperature and changes over time. A stable silent effect is obtained without being affected by aging. Similarly consumption Q _in and input voltage limit and the second embodiment as a position pattern Xd, may be given a pattern in consideration of the limit of the coil current.

In an elevator apparatus, it is general explanatory drawing which shows the force which acts on the brake shoe of an electromagnetic brake. In an elevator apparatus, it is general explanatory drawing showing the relationship with respect to the brake shoe displacement Xg of the spring force Fs which acts on the brake shoe of an electromagnetic brake, and the electromagnetic attraction force Fm. In an elevator apparatus, it is general explanatory drawing showing the relationship between the spring force Fs which acts with respect to the displacement Xg of the brake shoe of an electromagnetic brake, and the electromagnetic attraction force Fm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a block diagram of the whole elevator brake system containing the brake device for elevators of Embodiment 1-3 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the control apparatus of Embodiment 1-3 of this invention. It is an example of the operation | movement at the time of the brake fall of the control apparatus of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the force which acts on the brake shoe of Embodiment 1-3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the position pattern at the time of the brake fall which the position pattern generator of Embodiment 2 of this invention produces | generates. It is a figure which shows an example of the waveform of the coil current with respect to the position pattern of Embodiment 2 of this invention, and an applied voltage. It is a waveform of the input electric power with respect to the position pattern of Embodiment 2 of this invention. Is a graph of power consumption Q _in the case where the position pattern of the second embodiment of the present invention obtained by changing the deceleration switching time Tm. It is a graph of the maximum value _Emax of the input voltage E at the time of changing the acceleration / deceleration switching time Tm in the position pattern of Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a graph of the maximum value i _max of the coil current i when changing the acceleration / deceleration switching time Tm in the position pattern of the second embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the operation | movement at the time of brake attraction | suction of the control apparatus of Embodiment 3 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  1 car, 2 sheave, 3 main rope, 4 counterweight, 5 hoisting machine motor, 6 brake drum, 7 spring, 8 brake shoe, 9 control device, 10 brake coil, 11 displacement detector, 12 position pattern generator , 13 Subtractor, 14 Compensation means.

Claims (7)

A brake drum provided in a hoisting motor that drives the elevator car up and down;
A brake shoe that generates a braking force by sliding against the brake drum;
A spring that presses the brake shoe against the brake drum;
A control device that outputs a control voltage supplied to a brake coil that constitutes an electromagnet that attracts the brake shoe against the biasing force of the spring;
In an elevator brake device comprising:
The control device generates a position pattern of the brake shoe at the time of braking addition or release of braking to the elevator brake device;
A displacement detector for detecting position information corresponding to the displacement of the brake shoe;
Compensation means for outputting a voltage to be applied to the brake coil so that the position of the brake shoe matches a value at a corresponding time of the position pattern generated by the position pattern generator;
An elevator brake control device comprising: 2. The elevator brake control device according to claim 1, wherein the position pattern generator generates a position pattern that reduces a speed when the brake shoe collides when braking is applied or released. 3. The position pattern generator generates a position pattern in which the brake shoe is temporarily stopped or decelerated at a position between the start of operation and the end of operation, and then operated at a speed equal to or lower than Vs. The elevator brake control device according to 1. The elevator brake control device according to claim 3, wherein a position in a position pattern in which the brake shoe is temporarily stopped or switched from deceleration to acceleration is set to a position immediately before the brake shoe operation completion position. 5. The elevator brake control according to claim 4, wherein the time for operating the brake shoe at a speed equal to or lower than the speed Vs is reduced until the position in the position pattern where the brake shoe is temporarily stopped or switched from deceleration to acceleration is reduced. apparatus. 4. The elevator brake control device according to claim 2, wherein the position pattern is set to perform a brake operation within a limit of an input voltage of the brake device or a limit of a coil current. 5. 4. The elevator brake control device according to claim 2, wherein the position pattern is set to reduce power consumption during a brake operation by changing a time Tm at which the speed Vm is achieved. 5. .

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