JP2010121289A - Joining structure, joining method, and building - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a joining structure which uses a pin member and which can reduce initial deformation of a joint, a joining method, and a building. <P>SOLUTION: A solid pin member 18 is inserted via a spacer member 20 into a through-hole 16 which passes through members 12 and 14 overlapping each other. The spacer member 20 and a hole wall of the hole 16, and the spacer member 20 and the pin member 18 adhere to each other, so that the pin member 18 can be fixed in the through-hole 16. This can reduce the initial deformation occurring in the joint 30 between the members 12 and 14 overlapping each other. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a joint structure for joining superposed members, a method for joining superposed members, and a building having a joint structure for joining superposed members.

  When connecting structural members such as an H-shaped steel beam member, generally, a steel attachment plate is attached from the end of one structural member to be connected to the end of the other structural member. Then, the structural member and the attachment plate are joined by high strength bolts, bolts, pins or the like.

  In friction welding using a high-strength bolt, the structural member and the attachment plate are formed by a high-strength bolt inserted into a hole formed in a joint portion between the structural member and the attachment plate, and a nut attached to the high-strength bolt. Is inserted. Then, by tightening the high-strength bolt with respect to the nut, a frictional force is generated on the joint surface (contact surface) between the structural member and the attachment plate to ensure the joint strength of the joint portion between the structural member and the attachment plate.

However, for example, in the case of joining high-strength steel members that require strong joint strength, in order to generate a large frictional force on the joint surface (contact surface) between the structural member and the attachment plate, a large number of The structural member and the attachment plate must be joined with high-strength bolts.
In addition, the number of holes into which high-strength bolts are inserted increases accordingly, and the cross-sectional defect area of the structural member and attachment plate also increases, and the strength of the structural member and attachment plate member itself is greatly reduced. End up.

  In bearing support joining using a shear force transmission member such as a bolt or a pin (hereinafter referred to as “pin member”), the pin member is inserted into a hole formed in a joint portion between the structural member and the attachment plate. Since the joining plate is joined, joining work is easy. Further, since the bearing joint strength depends on the shear strength of the pin member, the number of pin members is smaller than that of the friction joint using high strength bolts having the same diameter.

  However, since there is a gap between the hole formed in the joint between the structural member and the attachment plate and the pin member, when a bending moment or shear force is generated at the joint between the structural member and the attachment plate Thus, initial deformation occurs, so that sufficient initial rigidity of the joint cannot be expected.

  As shown in FIG. 16A, in the joining method of Patent Document 1, a blind rivet 300 is configured by a pipe 304 having a flange 302 and a core 306 inserted into the pipe 304. The diameter of the rivet head 308 of the core 306 is larger than the inner diameter of the tube 304, and a constricted portion 310 is formed near the bottom of the rivet head 308.

  When fastening the rivet joint 316 provided on the column 312 and the wall panel 314, first, the blind rivet 300 is inserted into the rivet hole 318 passing through the rivet joint 316 and the wall panel 314.

  Next, the core 306 is gripped by the chuck 320, and the core 306 is pulled by the chuck 320 while holding the hook 302 with the tool 322. As a result, the tube 304 is deformed so that the outer periphery thereof is in close contact with the rivet hole 318 and the upper end of the tube 304 is expanded. When the deformation of the tube 304 reaches the limit, the core 306 is torn off at the constricted portion 310. Thereby, the rivet joint 316 and the wall panel 314 are fastened.

However, as shown in the enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 16B depicting the pipe 304 after fastening, the pipe 304 that fastens the rivet joint 316 and the wall panel 314 is hollow, so that a large shear strength (shear area) is obtained. I can't.
Therefore, when the joining method of Patent Document 1 is used for joining the structural member and the attachment plate, the rigidity of the joint portion between the structural member and the attachment plate depends on the shear strength (shear area) of the tube 304. Sufficient initial rigidity of the joint cannot be expected.
JP-A-8-41997

  This invention considers the fact which concerns, and makes it a subject to provide the joining structure using the pin member which can reduce the initial stage deformation | transformation of a junction part, the joining method, and a building.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a joining structure for joining the overlapped members, a hole penetrating the overlapped member, a solid pin member inserted into the hole, the pin member and the hole A spacer member interposed between the hole wall, the spacer member, the hole wall of the hole, and the spacer member and the pin member, and the pin member is fixed to the hole.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the joining structure for joining the overlapped members, holes penetrating the overlapped members are formed in each of the members. A solid pin member is inserted into the hole, and a spacer member is interposed between the pin member and the hole wall of the hole.
Then, the spacer member and the hole wall of the hole are brought into close contact with each other, and the pin member is fixed to the hole by bringing the spacer member and the pin member into close contact with each other.

Therefore, the spacer member and the hole wall of the hole, and the spacer member and the pin member are brought into close contact with each other, and the pin member is fixed to the hole. The initial deformation that occurs when a shearing force is generated can be reduced.
That is, in the joining using the pin member, it is possible to realize the same support pressure joining state as in the case of the rivet joining in which the hole clearance is 0 (there is no rattling of the pin member with respect to the hole). Can be definitely obtained.

  Further, when the pin member is fixed to the hole, the spacer member and the hole wall of the hole, and the spacer member and the pin member are brought into close contact with each other. A spacer member or a pin member can be inserted into the hole with a gap between them. Thereby, since it becomes possible to insert a spacer member and a pin member in a hole easily, the effort of joining work can be reduced.

  In addition, since the spacer member and the hole wall of the hole and the spacer member and the pin member are brought into close contact with each other, a three-dimensional restraining force acts on the spacer member from the surroundings. The member strength increases. Thereby, even when a spacer member having a low member strength is used, it is possible to ensure the required bearing strength.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the spacer member is a cylindrical member.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the spacer member is a cylindrical member, so that the force can be evenly transmitted between the spacer member and the hole wall of the hole and between the spacer member and the pin member.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the spacer member is made of a shape memory alloy that expands in the radial direction.

In the third aspect of the invention, the spacer member is formed of a shape memory alloy, and the temperature of the spacer member is set to the shape recovery temperature of the shape memory alloy, so that the spacer member expands in the radial direction of the spacer member ( Shape recovery).
Therefore, the timing at which the spacer member and the hole wall of the hole and the spacer member and the pin member are brought into close contact with each other can be easily controlled.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the shape memory alloy is an iron-based shape memory alloy.

  In the invention described in claim 4, the shape memory alloy is an iron-based shape memory alloy. Since iron-based shape memory alloys are generally inexpensive and have high rigidity, a low-cost joint structure can be realized. Further, since iron-based shape memory alloy is a material that makes it easy to manufacture large-sized members, it is particularly effective when a large spacer member is required.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, at least one of the inner diameter of the spacer member and the outer diameter of the pin member is reduced in the insertion direction of the pin member, and the spacer member is between the hole wall of the hole. By pulling the end portion of the pin member in which is interposed, the spacer member and the hole wall of the hole, and the spacer member and the pin member are brought into close contact with each other.

  In the invention according to claim 5, at least one of the inner diameter of the spacer member and the outer diameter of the pin member is reduced in diameter in the insertion direction of the pin member. And the edge part of the pin member in which the spacer member was interposed between the hole walls of the hole is pulled, thereby bringing the spacer member and the hole wall of the hole into close contact with each other and bringing the spacer member and the pin member into close contact with each other.

  Therefore, when the end of the pin member with the spacer member interposed between the hole wall and the hole is pulled, at least one of the inner diameter of the spacer member and the outer diameter of the pin member is reduced in the insertion direction of the pin member. Therefore, a radially outward force acts on the spacer member from the pin member due to the effect of the wedge. This also causes a radially outward force to act on the hole wall from the spacer member.

  Then, the spacer member and the hole wall of the hole, and the spacer member and the pin member are brought into close contact with each other to fix the pin member to the hole. It is possible to join the members without performing the above.

  Further, when the spacer member is formed of a shape memory alloy, the initial deformation of the joint portion can be further reduced by expanding the spacer member in the radial direction of the spacer member (recovering the shape). The initial rigidity of the part can be further increased.

  Since at least one of the inner diameter of the spacer member and the outer diameter of the pin member is reduced in the insertion direction of the pin member, the spacer is smaller than the case where the inner diameter of the spacer member and the outer diameter of the pin member are not reduced. It becomes difficult to insert a member or a pin member.

  In such a case, if the spacer member is formed of a shape memory alloy, even if a certain amount of clearance is provided between the spacer member and the hole wall and between the spacer member and the pin member, a predetermined rigidity is provided at the joint. Therefore, it is possible to easily insert the spacer member or the pin member by providing such a gap.

  In the invention according to claim 6, the end portion of the pin member is pulled by a nut fastened to the end portion of the pin member.

In the invention described in claim 6, the nut is provided at the end of the pin member. Then, the end of the pin member is pulled by tightening the nut with respect to the pin member.
Therefore, the end of the pin member can be pulled by tightening the nut with a simple tool or device.

  Further, the pin member can be fixed to the hole without using the striking force. Thereby, since it becomes possible to perform joining work without generating noise, it is possible to prevent the work environment and the surrounding environment in the vicinity from being deteriorated by the joining work.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the pin member is cut at a predetermined position of the pin member when a force for pulling the pin member reaches a predetermined value.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, when the force for pulling the pin member reaches a predetermined value, the pin member is cut at a predetermined position of the pin member. Therefore, if the value of the pulling force at which the joint portion has a predetermined rigidity is obtained in advance and this value is set to a predetermined value, the joint portion can be set to the predetermined rigidity.
At the same time, the pulling force between the spacer member and the pin member (strength of integration of the spacer member and the pin member) can be managed.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the end portion of the spacer member is folded back outward in the radial direction of the spacer member after the spacer member is inserted into the hole.

  In the eighth aspect of the invention, after the spacer member is inserted into the hole, the end of the spacer member is folded back radially outward of the spacer member, so that the spacer member is moved by vibration or the like after the pin member is fixed to the hole. It can be prevented from coming out of the hole.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the end portion of the spacer member has a cut.

  In the ninth aspect of the invention, the end of the spacer member can be easily folded back by having the notch at the end of the spacer member.

  In the invention according to claim 10, the inner wall of the spacer member or the outer wall of the pin member is a rough surface.

  In the invention according to claim 10, by making the inner wall of the spacer member or the outer wall of the pin member rough, the pin member comes off from the spacer member (hole) by vibration after the pin member is fixed to the hole. Can be prevented.

  The invention according to claim 11 is a joining method for joining the overlapped members, a pin member insertion step of inserting a solid pin member into a hole penetrating the overlapped members, and the pin members and the holes A spacer member inserting step of inserting a cylindrical spacer member interposed between the hole wall and the hole member; and the spacer member, the hole wall of the hole, and the spacer member and the pin member, A pin member fixing step of fixing the pin member to the hole.

  In the invention according to claim 11, the joining method for joining the overlapped members includes a pin member insertion step, a spacer member insertion step, and a pin member fixing step.

In the pin member insertion step, a solid pin member is inserted into a hole penetrating the stacked members.
In the spacer member insertion step, a cylindrical spacer member interposed between the pin member and the hole wall of the hole is inserted into the hole penetrating the overlapped member.
In the pin member fixing step, the spacer member and the hole wall of the hole, and the spacer member and the pin member are brought into close contact with each other to fix the pin member in the hole.
Therefore, the same effect as that of claim 1 can be obtained.

  According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, the spacer member is formed of a shape memory alloy that expands in the radial direction.

In the invention described in claim 12, the spacer member is formed of a shape memory alloy, and the spacer member is expanded in the radial direction of the spacer member by setting the temperature of the spacer member to the shape recovery temperature of the shape memory alloy ( Shape recovery).
Therefore, the timing at which the spacer member and the hole wall of the hole and the spacer member and the pin member are brought into close contact with each other can be easily controlled.

  According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in the joining method for joining the overlapped members, a pin member insertion step of inserting a solid pin member into a hole penetrating the overlapped members, and the pin members and the holes A spacer member inserting step of inserting a cylindrical spacer member interposed between the hole wall and the end of the pin member where the spacer member is interposed between the hole wall of the hole; And a pin member fixing step for bringing the spacer member and the pin member into close contact with each other.

  In a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, a joining method for joining the overlapped members includes a pin member insertion step, a spacer member insertion step, and a pin member fixing step.

In the pin member insertion step, a solid pin member is inserted into a hole penetrating the stacked members.
In the spacer member insertion step, a cylindrical spacer member interposed between the pin member and the hole wall of the hole is inserted into the hole penetrating the overlapped member.
In the pin member fixing step, the end portion of the pin member having the spacer member interposed between the hole wall and the hole wall is pulled. Thus, the spacer member and the hole wall of the hole, and the spacer member and the pin member are brought into close contact with each other.
Therefore, the same effect as that of claim 1 can be obtained.

  According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, at least one of the inner diameter of the spacer member and the outer diameter of the pin member is reduced in the insertion direction of the pin member.

In the invention described in claim 14, at least one of the inner diameter of the spacer member and the outer diameter of the pin member is reduced in diameter in the insertion direction of the pin member.
And the edge part of the pin member in which the spacer member was interposed between the hole walls of the hole is pulled, thereby bringing the spacer member and the hole wall of the hole into close contact with each other and bringing the spacer member and the pin member into close contact with each other.
Therefore, the same effect as that of claim 5 can be obtained.

  Invention of Claim 15 is a building which has the joining structure of any one of Claims 1-10.

  In invention of Claim 15, it has the joining structure using a pin member which can reduce the initial deformation | transformation of a junction part by having the joining structure of any one of Claims 1-10. You can build buildings.

  Since this invention set it as the said structure, the joining structure using the pin member which can reduce the initial stage deformation | transformation of a junction part, the joining method, and a building can be provided.

  The joining structure, joining method, and building of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, two plate members as members are overlapped, and the two plate members are joined to each other. It can be applied to the joining. For example, you may apply this embodiment to the joining of a board | plate material and a square, or a square and a square.

  First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

As shown in the side sectional view of FIG. 1B, in the joining structure 10 of the first embodiment, the steel plates 12 and 14 as members are overlapped. And the through-hole 16 which penetrates this piled steel plates 12 and 14 is formed in each of the steel plates 12 and 14. FIG. That is, the through-hole 16 is configured by the hole 16 </ b> A formed in the steel plate 12 and the hole 16 </ b> B formed in the steel plate 14.
A steel pin member 18 is inserted into the through hole 16. The pin member 18 is solid.

  A cylindrical spacer member 20 is interposed between the pin member 18 and the hole wall of the through hole 16. The spacer member 20 is made of an iron-based shape memory alloy. Therefore, by setting the temperature of the spacer member 20 to the shape recovery temperature of the iron-based shape memory alloy, the spacer member 20 can be expanded (shape recovery) toward the inner side and the outer side in the radial direction of the spacer member 20.

Here, an example of the joining method of the steel plate 12 and the steel plate 14 in the joint structure 10 will be described.
First, as shown in the side sectional view of FIG. 1A, a spacer member 20 interposed between a pin member 18 and a hole wall of the through hole 16 in a through hole 16 that penetrates the stacked steel plates 12 and 14. Is inserted (spacer member insertion step).

  The spacer member 20 is inserted until the flange 22 provided in the spacer member 20 at the rear of the insertion direction comes into contact with the steel plate 12, thereby causing the end portion 26 of the spacer member 20 to protrude to the outside of the steel plate 14.

  The inner diameter of the end portion 26 of the spacer member 20 is smaller than the inner diameter of the central portion 28 of the spacer member 20. That is, the inner wall of the end portion 26 of the spacer member 20 projects inward from the inner wall of the central portion 28.

  Next, the pin member 18 is inserted into the hole 32 (through hole 16) of the spacer member 20 (pin member insertion step). The pin member 18 is inserted until the tip end portion of the pin member 18 contacts the inner wall of the end portion 26 of the spacer member 20.

  Next, the head 24 of the pin member 18 is hit with a hammer (not shown) or the like. As a result, the tip end portion of the pin member 18 pushes the end portion 26 of the spacer member 20, the end portion 26 of the spacer member 20 is folded back outward in the radial direction of the spacer member 20, and the pin member 18 passes through the through hole 16. (Pin member penetration process).

Next, as shown in FIG. 1B, by setting the temperature of the spacer member 20 to the shape recovery temperature of the iron-based shape memory alloy, the spacer member 20 is moved inward and outward in the radial direction of the spacer member 20. Inflate (recover shape) (arrow S). Thus, the spacer member 20 and the hole wall of the through hole 16 are brought into close contact with each other, and the spacer member 20 and the pin member 18 are brought into close contact with each other to fix the pin member 18 in the through hole 16 (pin member fixing step).
When the temperature of the spacer member 20 is set to the shape recovery temperature of the iron-based shape memory alloy, the spacer member 20 may be heated by a burner, electromagnetic induction heating, high frequency heating, or the like.

  Next, the operation and effect of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In the joining structure 10 of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1B, the spacer member 20 and the hole wall of the through hole 16, and the spacer member 20 and the pin member 18 are brought into close contact with each other to pin the through hole 16. Since the member 18 is fixed, it is possible to reduce the initial deformation that occurs when a bending moment or a shearing force is generated at the joint 30 where the members 12 and 14 are overlapped.
That is, in the joining using the pin member 18, it is possible to realize a bearing joint in which the hole clearance (gap between the pin member 18 and the hole wall of the through hole 16) is zero as in rivet joining. The initial rigidity of the portion 30 can be reliably obtained.

  Here, when the overlapped members 34 and 36 are joined by bearing support joining with zero hole clearance (for example, rivet joining as shown in FIG. 2), the hole clearance as shown in FIG. Consider a case where the overlapped members 34 and 36 are joined by the bolt joining having the above or the pin joining having the hole clearance as shown in FIG.

When a shearing force F is generated at the joint between these members 34 and 36, the shearing force F against the deformation R of the joint is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 (FIG. 4 shows the shearing force F at the joint shown in FIG. FIG. 5 shows the deformation-shear force characteristic when it occurs, and FIG. 5 shows the deformation-shear force characteristic when the shear force F occurs at the joint in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b).
That is, in the support joint shown in FIG. 2, initial deformation does not occur in the joint, but in the bolt joint or pin joint shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, initial deformation occurs in the joint.

  On the other hand, in the joining structure 10 shown in FIG. 1 (b), since it is possible to realize the bearing support having the hole clearance of 0 as shown in FIG. 2 even in the pin joining, it is shown in FIG. Such an initial rigidity of the joint can be reliably obtained.

  Further, when the pin member 18 is fixed, the spacer member 20 and the hole wall of the through hole 16 and the spacer member 20 and the pin member 18 are brought into close contact with each other. The spacer member 20 and the pin member 18 can be inserted into the through-hole 16 with a gap between the spacer member 20 and the pin member 18. Thereby, since it becomes possible to insert the spacer member 20 and the pin member 18 in the through-hole 16 easily, the effort of joining work can be reduced.

  In addition, since the three-dimensional restraining force acts on the spacer member 20 from the periphery by bringing the spacer member 20 and the hole wall of the through hole 16 and the spacer member 20 and the pin member 18 into close contact with each other, the member of the spacer member 20 Even if the strength is small, the apparent member strength is increased. Thereby, even when the spacer member 20 with small member strength is used, the required bearing strength can be ensured.

  In addition, by using the spacer member 20 as a cylindrical member, the force can be evenly transmitted between the spacer member 20 and the hole wall of the through hole 16 and between the spacer member 20 and the pin member 18.

  Further, since the spacer member 20 is formed of a shape memory alloy and the temperature of the spacer member 20 is set to the shape recovery temperature of the shape memory alloy, the spacer member 20 is expanded (shape recovery). The timing at which the 16 hole walls and the spacer member 20 and the pin member 18 are brought into close contact with each other can be easily controlled.

  Moreover, since the iron-based shape memory alloy used as the shape memory alloy is generally a material that is cheaper and has higher rigidity than the nickel titanium-based shape memory alloy, a low-cost joint structure can be realized. Further, since iron-based shape memory alloy is a material that makes it easy to manufacture large-sized members, it is particularly effective when a large spacer member is required.

  In addition, after the spacer member 20 is inserted into the through hole 16, the end of the spacer member 20 is folded back outward in the radial direction of the spacer member 20, so that after the pin member 18 is fixed to the through hole 16, the spacer member is vibrated by vibration or the like. It is possible to prevent 20 from coming out of the through hole 16.

  Further, all the operations of the spacer member insertion step, the pin member insertion step, the pin member penetration step, and the pin member fixing step are performed from one side of the joining structure 10 (in the case of FIG. 1A, the left side of the steel plate 12). be able to.

  Further, in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the end portion 26 of the spacer member 20 is folded outward in the radial direction of the spacer member 20 when the tip end portion of the pin member 18 presses the end portion 26 of the spacer member 20. As shown in FIG. 6A, the inner wall of the end portion 26 of the spacer member 20 and the inner wall of the central portion 28 of the spacer member 20 are flush with each other as shown in FIG. As shown, the end 26 of the spacer member 20 may be folded back radially outward of the spacer member 20 by the shape recovery of the iron-based shape memory alloy (arrow 42).

In this way, the pin member 18 can be passed through the through-hole 16 without using a striking force. Thereby, it becomes possible to perform joining work of members (steel plates 12 and 14) without generating noise.
In addition, the end portion 26 of the spacer member 20 in FIG. 1B, which has been turned back radially outward when the tip end portion of the pin member 18 pushes the end portion 26 of the spacer member 20, is further recovered in shape and is reliably turned back. You may do it.

  Further, the end portion 26 of the spacer member 20 is folded back outward in the radial direction of the spacer member 20 by the end portion of the pin member 18 pushing the end portion 26 of the spacer member 20 or by the shape recovery of the iron-based shape memory alloy. In order to facilitate, a cut 38 may be made in the end portion 26 of the spacer member 20 as shown in FIGS.

  In this case, the folded portion 40 formed by making the cut 38 may be disposed over the entire circumference of the end portion 26 of the spacer member 20 as shown in FIG. The ratio may be increased so as to be scattered with respect to the circumferential direction of the end portion 26.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, if the inner wall of the spacer member 20 is roughened, after the pin member 18 is fixed to the through hole 16, the pin member 18 is moved from the spacer member 20 (through hole 16) by vibration or the like. It can be prevented from coming off.
The outer wall of the pin member 18 may be a rough surface, or both the inner wall of the spacer member 20 and the outer wall of the pin member 18 may be rough. Even in such a configuration, the pin member 18 can be prevented from coming out of the spacer member 20 (through hole 16) due to vibration or the like.

  1, 6, and 8 show examples in which the spacer member 20 is formed of an iron-based shape memory alloy, the spacer member 20 closely contacts the spacer member 20 and the hole wall of the through hole 16. The spacer member 20 and the pin member 18 may be formed of a material capable of closely contacting (expanding the spacer member 20 toward the inside and outside in the radial direction of the spacer member 20). Moreover, you may use a volt | bolt for the pin member 18 shown in FIG.

  Moreover, you may make the order of the spacer member insertion process and the pin member insertion process shown with the joining method of the steel plate 12 and the steel plate 14 in the joining structure 10 reverse. For example, the flange member 22 shown in FIG. 1A is not provided at the end of the spacer member 20, and after the pin member 18 is first inserted into the through hole 16, the spacer member is inserted into the through hole 16 from the opposite side. 20 may be inserted. Further, the spacer member 20 with the pin member 18 inserted may be inserted into the through hole 16.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the second embodiment, the configuration of the spacer member 20 of the first embodiment is different. Therefore, in the description of the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and are appropriately omitted.

As shown in the side sectional view of FIG. 9B, in the joint structure 44 of the second embodiment, a steel pin member 46 is inserted into the through hole 16.
The pin member 46 is solid, and the outer diameter of the pin member 46 is reduced toward the insertion direction of the pin member (arrow 48).

  A steel spacer member 50 is interposed between the pin member 46 and the hole wall of the through hole 16. The spacer member 50 is a cylindrical member, and the inner diameter is reduced toward the insertion direction (arrow 48) of the pin member 46.

The taper formed on the outer wall portion of the pin member 46 and the inclination of the taper formed on the inner wall portion of the spacer member 50 are substantially equal, and the pin member 46 is inserted into the through hole 16 by a predetermined amount. (See the side sectional view of FIG. 9A), the outer wall surface of the pin member 46 and the inner wall surface of the spacer member 50 are in surface contact with almost no gap.
Further, as shown in FIG. 9A, a male screw 54 into which a nut 52 is screwed is formed at the end portion 60 of the pin member 46.

Here, an example of the joining method of the steel plate 12 and the steel plate 14 in the joint structure 44 will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 9A, a spacer member 50 interposed between the pin member 46 and the hole wall of the through hole 16 is inserted into the through hole 16 that penetrates the stacked steel plates 12 and 14 ( Spacer member insertion process).
The spacer member 50 is inserted until the flange portion 56 of the spacer member 50 provided behind the insertion direction (arrow 48) contacts the steel plate 12.

  Next, the pin member 46 is inserted into the hole 62 (through hole 16) of the spacer member 50 (pin member insertion step). The pin member 46 is inserted until the end portion 60 of the pin member 46 protrudes outward from the steel plate 12 (pin member penetration step).

  Next, the nut 52 screwed into the male screw 54 is tightened, and the end portion 60 of the pin member 46 is pulled in the insertion direction (arrow 48). Thus, the spacer member 50 and the hole wall of the hole 16 and the spacer member 50 and the pin member 46 are brought into close contact with each other, and the pin member 46 is fixed to the through hole 16 (pin member fixing step). When the nut 52 is tightened, the nut 52 pushes the flange portion 56 of the spacer member 50, so that the spacer member 50 does not come out of the through hole 16.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 9B, when the force pulling the pin member 46 reaches a predetermined value, the pin member is cut at a predetermined position of the pin member 46 (pin member cutting step).

  Next, the operation and effect of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In the joint structure 44 of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9B, when the end portion 60 of the pin member 46 with the spacer member 50 interposed between the hole wall and the through hole 16 is pulled, the spacer Since the inner diameter of the member 50 and the outer diameter of the pin member 46 are reduced in the insertion direction (arrow 48) of the pin member 46, the effect of the wedge is directed from the pin member 46 to the spacer member 50 outward in the radial direction. Force is applied (arrow T ₁ ). In addition, a force acts on the hole wall of the through hole 16 from the spacer member 50 toward the outer side in the radial direction (arrow T ₂ ).

  Since the spacer member 50 and the hole wall of the through hole 16 and the spacer member 50 and the pin member 46 are brought into close contact with each other to fix the pin member 46 to the through hole 16, the joining member ( The members (steel plates 12, 14) can be joined without performing the heating operation (temperature management) of the rivets.

  Further, since the nut 52 is tightened and the end portion 60 of the pin member 46 is pulled in the insertion direction (arrow 48), the pin member 46 can be fixed to the through hole 16 without using striking force. Thereby, since it becomes possible to perform joining work of members (steel plates 12 and 14), without making noise, it can prevent that work environment, neighborhood surrounding environment, etc. deteriorate by joining work.

  Further, when the force for pulling the pin member 46 reaches a predetermined value, the pin member 46 is cut at a predetermined position of the pin member 46. Therefore, if the value of the pulling force at which the joint 58 has a predetermined rigidity is obtained in advance and this value is set to a predetermined value, the joint 58 can be made to have a predetermined rigidity. At the same time, the pulling force of the spacer member 50 and the pin member 46 (the strength of integration of the spacer member 50 and the pin member 46) can be managed.

  9A and 9B show an example in which the inner diameter of the spacer member 50 and the outer diameter of the pin member 46 are reduced in the insertion direction of the pin member 46 (arrow 48). It is sufficient that at least one of the inner diameter of the member 50 and the outer diameter of the pin member 46 is reduced in diameter in the insertion direction (arrow 48) of the pin member 46.

  For example, as shown in the side sectional view of FIG. 10A, only the inner diameter of the spacer member 50 may be reduced toward the insertion direction (arrow 48) of the pin member 64, or as shown in FIG. As shown in the side sectional view, only the outer diameter of the pin member 46 may be reduced in the insertion direction of the pin member 46 (arrow 48).

If both the inner diameter of the spacer member and the outer diameter of the pin member are reduced in the direction in which the pin member is inserted, the force acting on the spacer member from the pin member to the tip (see FIG. It preferred since 9 arrows T ₁ of the (b) can be given that) the evenly reference.
10A and 10B, the spacer members 50 and 66 are deformed so that the inner wall surfaces of the spacer members 50 and 66 and the outer wall surfaces of the pin members 64 and 46 are finally brought into close contact with each other. You may do it.

  In FIG. 9B, when the force pulling the pin member 46 reaches a predetermined value, the pin member 46 is cut at a predetermined position of the pin member 46 so that the joint portion 58 has a predetermined rigidity. In addition, although an example in which the force with which the spacer member 50 and the pin member 46 are attracted is shown, a notch is formed at a predetermined position (cutting position) of the pin member 46, and the rigidity and the attracting force are increased by the notch amount. May be managed.

  Further, the rigidity and attractive force may be managed with a torque wrench that tightens the nut 52 without cutting the pin member 46. If the pin member 46 is cut, the nut 52 and the end portion 60 of the pin member 46 are eliminated after the pin member 46 is fixed to the through hole 16, so that the number of members protruding from the steel plate 12 can be reduced.

  Moreover, you may make the order of the spacer member insertion process and the pin member insertion process shown with the joining method of the steel plate 12 and the steel plate 14 in the joining structure 44 reverse. For example, after inserting the pin member 46 shown in FIG. 9A into the through-hole 16 first, the spacer member 50 may be inserted into the through-hole 16 from the opposite side. Alternatively, the flange 56 may not be provided at the end of the spacer member 50, and the spacer member 50 with the pin member 46 inserted may be inserted into the through hole 16.

  9A and 9B show an example in which the nut 52 is tightened and the end portion 60 of the pin member 46 is pulled in the insertion direction (arrow 48). However, the end portion 60 of the pin member 46 is inserted in the insertion direction. For example, as shown in the side sectional views of FIGS. 11A and 11B, the end portion 74 of the pin member 72 is grasped by the chuck 68, and the flange 56 of the spacer member 50 is secured by the pedestal 70. The end portion 74 of the pin member 72 may be pulled by the hydraulic jack 76 or the like while holding down. FIG. 11A shows a state before the end portion 74 of the pin member 72 is pulled, and FIG. 11B shows a state where the end portion 74 of the pin member 72 is pulled to the root of the end portion 74 of the pin member 72. The state where it is cut at the position of the formed notch 78 is shown.

  Further, without using such a device, the head 82 of the pin member 80 is hit with a hammer or the like as shown in the side sectional views of FIGS. The pin member 80 may be inserted into 62 (through hole 16). 12A shows a state before the pin member 80 is inserted into the hole 62 (through hole 16) of the spacer member 50, and FIG. 12B shows the hole 62 (through hole 16) of the spacer member 50. ), The pin member 80 is inserted, and the pin member 80 is fixed to the through hole 16.

  In such a case, as shown in FIG. 12A, if a flange 56 is provided at the end of the spacer member 50 on the side where the pin member 80 is inserted (the right side of FIG. 12A), a hammer or the like is provided. It is preferable because the spacer member 50 can be prevented from coming out of the through-hole 16 due to the impact.

The first and second embodiments of the present invention have been described above.
In the first embodiment, the example in which the spacer member 20 is formed of an iron-based shape memory alloy has been described. However, the spacer members 50 and 66 of the second embodiment are formed of a shape memory such as an iron-based shape memory alloy. An alloy may be used.
If the spacer members 50 and 66 are made of a shape memory alloy such as an iron-based shape memory alloy, the spacer members 50 and 66 are expanded (recovered in shape) toward the inside and outside in the radial direction of the spacer members 50 and 66. It is possible to further reduce the initial deformation that occurs when a bending moment or a shearing force is generated in the joint 58, and the initial rigidity of the joint 58 can be further increased.

  Since the inner diameter of the spacer member 50 and the outer diameter of the pin members 46, 72, 80 are reduced in the insertion direction of the pin members 46, 72, 80, the inner diameter of the spacer member and the outer diameter of the pin member are reduced. Compared with the case where it does not do, it becomes difficult to insert a spacer member or a pin member.

  In such a case, if a shape memory alloy is used for the spacer members 50 and 66, the spacer members 50 and 66 and the hole wall of the through-hole 16, and the spacer members 50 and 66 and the pin members 46, 64, 72, and 80 Even if a certain amount of gap is provided between them, a predetermined rigidity can be ensured in the joint portion 58. Therefore, by providing such a gap, the spacer member and the pin member can be easily inserted.

  As the shape memory alloy capable of forming the spacer members 20, 50, 66 of the first and second embodiments, Fe-28% Mn--, which is a kind of Fe-Mn-Si group of iron-based shape memory alloy. 6% Si-5% Cr-0.5% NbC alloy (hereinafter referred to as “NbC added alloy”), Fe-28% Mn-6% Si-5% Cr alloy, Fe-32% Mn-6% Si An alloy, Fe-20% Mn-5% Si-8% Cr-5% Ni alloy, Fe-16% Mn-5% Si-12% Cr-5% Ni alloy, etc. are mentioned. As a material for forming the spacer members 20, 50, 66, it is preferable to use an Fe-28% Mn-6% Si-5% Cr alloy, and it is more preferable to use an NbC-added alloy.

  Shape memory processing and shape recovery processing of a member formed of a shape memory alloy (hereinafter referred to as “shape memory member”) can be performed, for example, according to the procedure shown in the flowchart of FIG.

First, in step 100, a shape memory member is manufactured so as to have a predetermined shape (shape manufacturing process).
Next, in step 102, the shape memory member is constrained to the shape at the time of shape recovery and heated to the temperature at which the shape is recovered (hereinafter referred to as “shape recovery temperature”). ) Is stored (memory processing step).
Next, in step 104, training processing is performed (training processing step). In this training process step, a deformation process-time deformation imparting process for deforming to a shape before shape recovery (for example, the shape of the spacer member 20 before expansion in FIG. 1A), and a training process heating for heating to a predetermined temperature are performed. By repeating the steps, the shape memory effect is improved and the shape recovery rate is improved.

  Thus, the shape memory member in which the shape was memorized was deformed into a shape before shape recovery (for example, the shape of the spacer member 20 before expansion in FIG. 1A) (deformation imparting step in step 106). Later, the shape can be recovered by heating to the shape recovery temperature (about 300 ° C. or higher) at the timing when the shape is to be recovered (heating process in step 108) (the shape recovery process in step 110).

  For example, in the case of an NbC-added alloy, different “recovery strain-temperature characteristics” can be exhibited depending on how the heat treatment is performed in the training process. For example, NbC-added alloy is subjected to solution treatment (hereinafter referred to as “first alloy”), NbC-added alloy is subjected to warm rolling at 600 ° C. and 14%, and then aged to form NbC. A finely precipitated alloy (hereinafter referred to as “second alloy”), or an NbC-added alloy that has been pre-processed by 10% room temperature tension, and then NbC age-aged alloy (hereinafter referred to as “third alloy”) The spacer members 20, 50 and 66 can be formed by “alloy”.

Here, for example, in the joint structure 10 shown in FIG. 1B, as shown in FIG. 14, between the spacer member 20 and the hole wall of the through hole 16 and between the spacer member 20 and the pin member 18. The lengths in the radial direction are d ₁ and d ₂ , respectively, and the outer diameter of the spacer member 20 is D.

At this time, when the first to third alloys are used, the expansion coefficient is about 2% at maximum in the radial direction of the spacer member 20 (2.5 to 4% at maximum in the material axis direction of the spacer member 20). A degree of expansion coefficient) can be obtained, so that a gap satisfying d ₁ = d ₂ ≦ D × 0.02 / 2 can be secured.

  In addition, the member strength of the spacer members 20, 50, 66 and the pin members 18, 46, 64, 72, 80 shown in the first and second embodiments should be higher than the member strength of the steel plates 12, 14. preferable. In particular, it is preferable to increase the member strength of the spacer members 20, 50, and 66 because a large initial rigidity can be imparted to the joint portions of the steel plates 12 and 14.

  Further, in the first and second embodiments, the spacer members 20, 50, 66 are cylindrical, but as shown in the perspective views of FIGS. The tubular member 90 is also included in the tubular spacer member in the first and second embodiments. As shown in the member 90 in FIGS. 15A to 15C, it is easy to insert the spacer member (member 90) into the through hole 16 by forming the slit 92 in the spacer member (member 90).

  Moreover, the edge part (steel plate 12 side) of the spacer member 50 shown to Fig.12 (a) of 2nd Embodiment is shown by Fig.1 (a), (b) and Fig.6 (a) of 1st Embodiment. , (B), like the end portion 26 of the spacer member 20, the spacer member 20 may be folded back outward in the radial direction. In this case, the notch 38 shown in FIG. 7A of the first embodiment may be made at the end (the steel plate 12 side) of the spacer member 50.

  Moreover, various structural members can be joined together using the joining structures 10 and 44 of the first and second embodiments. For example, when connecting structural members such as an H-shaped steel girder member, a steel attachment plate is attached from the end of one structural member to be connected to the end of the other structural member. Then, the structural member and the attachment plate are bonded using the bonding structures 10 and 44 of the first and second embodiments.

  In the first and second embodiments, an example in which one steel plate 12 and one steel plate 14 are joined by the joining structures 10 and 44 is shown. However, the steel plates 12 and 14 are a plurality of pieces. Also good. For example, one steel plate 12 may be sandwiched between two steel plates 14, and the three steel plates 12, 14 may be joined by a pin member penetrating these steel plates 12, 14, or four or more steel plates may be joined. These steel plates may be joined by a pin member that overlaps the steel plates and penetrates these steel plates.

  Further, in the first and second embodiments, the members to be joined are the steel plates 12 and 14, but members other than the plate material may be used. For example, the square members may be joined by the joining structures 10 and 44.

  When joining high-strength steel members that require strong joint strength using joint plates, in order to generate a large frictional force on the joint surface (contact surface) between the structural member and the joint plate, The structural member and the splice plate must be joined with a number of high strength bolts. In addition, the number of holes into which high-strength bolts are inserted increases accordingly, and the cross-sectional defect area of the structural member and attachment plate also increases, and the strength of the structural member and attachment plate member itself is greatly reduced. End up. Moreover, when joining the members with which the pre-coating was given, it is possible that sufficient friction joining strength is not obtained by the friction joining by a high strength bolt. Thus, the joining structures 10 and 44 of the first and second embodiments are particularly effective for joining members that are difficult to frictionally join with high-strength bolts.

  In addition, if the joint structures 10 and 44 shown in the first and second embodiments are used for part or all of a building, initial deformation that occurs when a bending moment or shear force is generated in the joints 30 and 58. It is possible to construct a building having the joint structures 10 and 44 using the pin members 18, 46, 64, 72 and 80.

  As mentioned above, although 1st and 2nd embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to such embodiment at all, You may use combining 1st and 2nd embodiment, Needless to say, the present invention can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist of the present invention.

It is a sectional side view which shows the joining structure which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a sectional side view which shows the conventional junction structure. It is a sectional side view which shows the conventional junction structure. It is a diagram which shows the shear force with respect to the deformation | transformation of the conventional joining structure. It is a diagram which shows the shear force with respect to the deformation | transformation of the conventional joining structure. It is a sectional side view which shows the modification of the joining structure which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the joining structure which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a sectional side view which shows the modification of the joining structure which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a sectional side view which shows the junction structure which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a sectional side view which shows the modification of the joining structure which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a sectional side view which shows the modification of the joining structure which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a sectional side view which shows the modification of the joining structure which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the shape memory processing procedure and shape recovery processing procedure which concern on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the clearance gap formed between the spacer member which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and the hole wall of a through-hole, and between a spacer member and a pin member. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the spacer member which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the conventional joining method.

Explanation of symbols

10, 44 Joined structure 12, 14 Steel plate (member)
16 Through hole (hole)
18, 46, 64, 72, 80 Pin member 20, 50, 66 Spacer member 26 End 38 Notch 52 Nut 60, 74 End 90 Member (Spacer member)

Claims (15)

In the joining structure that joins the stacked members,
A hole penetrating the superposed member;
A solid pin member inserted into the hole;
A spacer member interposed between the pin member and a hole wall of the hole;
Have
A joining structure in which the spacer member and the hole wall of the hole, and the spacer member and the pin member are brought into close contact to fix the pin member in the hole.   The joining structure according to claim 1, wherein the spacer member is a cylindrical member.   The joint structure according to claim 2, wherein the spacer member is formed of a shape memory alloy that expands in a radial direction.   The joint structure according to claim 3, wherein the shape memory alloy is an iron-based shape memory alloy.   At least one of the inner diameter of the spacer member and the outer diameter of the pin member is reduced in the insertion direction of the pin member, and the end of the pin member in which the spacer member is interposed between the hole wall and the hole wall. The joining structure according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the spacer member and the hole wall of the hole, and the spacer member and the pin member are brought into close contact with each other by pulling a portion.   The joining structure according to claim 5, wherein an end portion of the pin member is pulled by a nut fastened to the end portion of the pin member.   The joining structure according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the pin member is cut at a predetermined position of the pin member when a force pulling the pin member reaches a predetermined value.   The joining structure according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein an end portion of the spacer member is folded back radially outward of the spacer member after the spacer member is inserted into the hole.   The joining structure according to claim 8, wherein an end portion of the spacer member has a cut.   The joining structure according to claim 2, wherein an inner wall of the spacer member or an outer wall of the pin member is a rough surface. In the joining method for joining the stacked members,
A pin member insertion step of inserting a solid pin member into a hole penetrating the overlapped member;
A spacer member inserting step of inserting a cylindrical spacer member interposed between the pin member and the hole wall of the hole into the hole;
A pin member fixing step of fixing the pin member to the hole by closely contacting the spacer member and the hole wall of the hole, and the spacer member and the pin member;
A bonding method comprising:   The bonding method according to claim 11, wherein the spacer member is formed of a shape memory alloy that expands in a radial direction. In the joining method for joining the stacked members,
A pin member insertion step of inserting a solid pin member into a hole penetrating the overlapped member;
A spacer member inserting step of inserting a cylindrical spacer member interposed between the pin member and the hole wall of the hole into the hole;
A pin member that pulls an end portion of the pin member in which the spacer member is interposed between the hole wall of the hole and tightly contacts the spacer member and the hole wall of the hole, and the spacer member and the pin member. A fixing process;
A bonding method comprising:   The joining method according to claim 13, wherein at least one of the inner diameter of the spacer member and the outer diameter of the pin member is reduced in the insertion direction of the pin member. The building which has the junction structure of any one of Claims 1-10.

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