JP2010119782A - Medical observation apparatus and medical observation system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a medical observation apparatus and medical observation system, miniaturized, having high durability to a high-load sterilizing means such as an autoclave, and detecting optical parameters such as a focal distance and magnification of an observation optical system. <P>SOLUTION: This medical observation apparatus includes: an observation part 11 including an observation optical system 12; at least one optical parameter movable part 13 configured to be movable in the observation part and changing at least one optical parameter; a first magnetic information means 14 configured to generate a magnetic field or to detect a magnetic field and disposed to shift in synchronization with a change of an optical parameter by the optical parameter movable part; a second magnetic information means 15 configured to detect the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic information means or to generate a magnetic field toward the first magnetic information means; and an optical parameter detection means for detecting an optical parameter according to the information on the magnetic field detected through the first or second magnetic information means. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a medical observation apparatus such as a surgical microscope or a medical microscope that detects optical parameters such as focal length and magnification.

In recent years, with the advancement of surgery, surgery using a medical observation apparatus such as a surgical microscope or an endoscope is generally performed. In addition, in order to improve the certainty of surgery, those equipped with a navigation function for displaying on a monitor the points observed by an observation apparatus during surgery together with an observation image are becoming widespread.
As navigation, optical navigation is generally used, but with the miniaturization of observation devices, magnetic navigation that can be miniaturized can be achieved rather than optical navigation that requires a marker having a predetermined size in order to ensure accuracy. Navigation is getting attention.

Conventionally, as a medical observation apparatus, as described in Patent Document 1 below, for example, an endoscope that detects the position of the tip of the main body through magnetic sensing has been proposed.
JP 2002-556 A

  By the way, a conventional endoscope observation optical system generally has a single focal point and a fixed magnification, and there is no need to detect an optical parameter of the observation optical system. However, in recent years, there has been a growing demand for variable focus and magnification due to the advancement of surgery.

However, conventionally, as a medical observation apparatus, a surgical microscope for detecting an optical parameter such as the position of an objective lens has been proposed, as described in Patent Document 2 below, for example.
JP 2001-204738 A

  Patent Document 2 does not disclose a specific method for detecting an optical parameter, but generally, a rotary encoder that detects a position by converting a moving amount of a lens into a rotation speed is used. In the case of a surgical microscope, generally, optical navigation that allows a wide detection range is used.

By the way, the operation microscope has been increased in size as it becomes more functional, and the number of cases that obstruct the operation has increased. For this reason, the need for miniaturization is increasing.
However, in optical navigation, it is necessary to attach a large detection marker to the microscope in order to increase detection accuracy, and there is a limit to downsizing.

Further, in an endoscope inserted into the body, the observation position cannot be detected by optical navigation. For this reason, the observation position is detected via the magnetic sensor as in the endoscope of Patent Document 1.
However, even if the position of a miniaturized observation device is detected by magnetic navigation as in the endoscope of Patent Document 1, detection means such as a conventional rotary encoder is used to detect optical parameters. However, the structure becomes complicated and it is difficult to reduce the size. In addition, it is necessary to transmit optical parameters such as observation magnification and focal length detected by the observation apparatus to the navigation apparatus for detecting the position using a communication unit or the like, which complicates the observation apparatus.

  In addition, in the case of an observation apparatus inserted into the body, such as an endoscope, sterilization or disinfection is necessary, and in an operation site, an autoclave (high pressure steam sterilization) which is an advanced sterilization method is becoming mainstream. However, the autoclave has a problem that the accuracy of sensors such as a rotary encoder cannot be guaranteed because the apparatus is kept in a high temperature state for a long time.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and can be miniaturized and has strong durability against high-load sterilization means such as an autoclave, the focal length, magnification, etc. of the observation optical system. An object of the present invention is to provide a medical observation apparatus and a medical observation system capable of detecting the optical parameters of the above.

  In order to achieve the above object, a medical observation apparatus according to the present invention includes an observation unit including an observation optical system, and movable in the observation unit, and at least one optical parameter movable capable of changing at least one optical parameter. A first magnetic information unit configured to generate a magnetic field or detect a magnetic field, and arranged to change a position in synchronization with a change of the optical parameter by the optical parameter movable unit, A second magnetic information means configured to detect a magnetic field generated by one magnetic information means or to generate a magnetic field toward the first magnetic information means; and the first magnetic information means or the second magnetic information means The optical parameter detecting means detects the optical parameter based on the magnetic field information detected via the magnetic information means.

  In the medical observation apparatus according to the present invention, the first magnetic information unit generates a magnetic field, the second magnetic information unit detects the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic information unit, and the optical Preferably, the parameter detection means detects the optical parameter based on the magnetic field information detected via the second magnetic information means.

  In the medical observation apparatus of the present invention, the second magnetic information means generates a magnetic field, the first magnetic information means detects the magnetic field generated by the second magnetic information means, and the optical Preferably, the parameter detecting means detects the optical parameter based on the magnetic field information detected via the first magnetic information means.

  In the medical observation apparatus of the present invention, the optical parameters include magnification of the observation optical system, focal length of the observation optical system, rotation angle of an observation image obtained through the observation optical system, It is preferable to include at least one of a filter insertion / extraction state, an observation optical path switching state in the observation optical system, and an installation state of the predetermined optical system in the observation unit.

  In the medical observation apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the medical observation apparatus is a surgical microscope, an endoscope, a surgical microscope system, or an endoscope system.

  In the medical observation apparatus of the present invention, a third magnetic field is generated or detected, and is arranged so that the position changes in synchronization with the change in the position of the observation unit. A magnetic information means; a fourth magnetic information means configured to detect or generate a magnetic field toward the third magnetic information means; and the third magnetic information means. It is preferable to have position detection means for detecting the position of the observation optical system based on information on the magnetic field detected via the information means or the fourth magnetic information means.

  In the medical observation apparatus of the present invention, the third magnetic information means generates a magnetic field, the fourth magnetic information means detects the magnetic field generated by the third magnetic information means, and the position It is preferable that the detecting means detects the position of the observation unit based on the magnetic field information detected via the fourth magnetic information means.

  In the medical observation apparatus of the present invention, the fourth magnetic information means generates a magnetic field, the third magnetic information means detects the magnetic field generated by the fourth magnetic information means, and the position It is preferable that the detecting means detects the position of the observation unit based on the magnetic field information detected via the third magnetic information means.

  Moreover, in the medical observation apparatus of the present invention, the medical observation apparatus is a surgical microscope or a surgical microscope system, and the first magnetic information means is an electromagnet fixed to the optical parameter movable unit. Thus, it is preferable that the second magnetic information means comprises a magnetic receiver fixed to a mirror body of the observation optical system.

  Moreover, in the medical observation apparatus of the present invention, the medical observation apparatus is a surgical microscope or a surgical microscope system, and the first magnetic information means is an electromagnet fixed to the optical parameter movable unit. The second magnetic information means comprises a magnetic receiver fixed to the mirror of the observation optical system, the third magnetic information means comprises the magnetic receiver, and the fourth magnetic information means comprises Preferably, it comprises a magnetic field generator fixed in the vicinity of the observation position, and further comprises magnetic time division switching means for switching the outputs of the electromagnet and the magnetic field generator in a time division manner.

  In the medical observation device of the present invention, the medical observation device is an endoscope or an endoscope system, and the first magnetic information means is an electromagnet fixed to the optical parameter movable unit. Thus, it is preferable that the second magnetic information means comprises a magnetic receiver fixed to the distal end portion of the endoscope provided with the observation optical system.

  In the medical observation device of the present invention, the medical observation device is an endoscope or an endoscope system, and the first magnetic information means is an electromagnet fixed to the optical parameter movable unit. And the second magnetic information means comprises a first magnetic receiver fixed to the endoscope distal end portion provided with the observation optical system, and the third magnetic information means is fixed in the vicinity of the observation position. Preferably, the fourth magnetic information means comprises the electromagnet.

  In the medical observation device of the present invention, the medical observation device is an endoscope or an endoscope system, and the first magnetic information means is an electromagnet fixed to the optical parameter movable unit. The second magnetic information means comprises a first magnetic receiver fixed to an endoscope tip provided with the observation optical system, and the third magnetic information means comprises the observation optical system. The fourth magnetic information means comprises a magnetic field generator fixed in the vicinity of the observation position, and further comprises the electromagnet and the magnetic field generator. It is preferable to provide magnetic time division switching means for switching the output in a time division manner.

  In the medical observation device of the present invention, the medical observation device is a surgical microscope or a surgical microscope system, and the first magnetic information means is a magnetic receiver fixed to the optical parameter movable portion. Preferably, the second magnetic information means comprises a magnetic field generator fixed in the vicinity of the observation position.

  In the medical observation apparatus of the present invention, the medical observation apparatus is a surgical microscope or a surgical microscope system, and the first magnetic information means is a first fixed to the optical parameter movable unit. And the second magnetic information means comprises a magnetic field generator fixed in the vicinity of the observation position, and the third magnetic information means is fixed to the mirror of the observation optical system. Preferably, the fourth magnetic information means comprises the magnetic field generator.

  In the medical observation apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the mirror body of the observation optical system is made of a nonmagnetic material.

  Moreover, in the medical observation apparatus of the present invention, the medical observation apparatus is a surgical microscope or a surgical microscope system, and the first magnetic information means is an electromagnet fixed to the optical parameter movable unit. The second magnetic information means comprises a first magnetic receiver fixed to a mirror body of the observation optical system, and the third magnetic information means comprises an endoscope tip provided with the observation optical system. Preferably, the fourth magnetic information means comprises a second magnetic receiver fixed in the vicinity of the observation position.

  In the medical observation apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the magnetic receiver is formed of coils wound in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions, respectively, and orthogonal to each other.

  In the medical observation apparatus of the present invention, a dial that rotates in synchronization with the change of the optical parameter by the optical parameter movable unit is provided, and a partial region of the dial is made of a magnetic material. Is preferred.

  The medical observation system according to the present invention includes any one of the medical observation apparatuses according to the present invention and a monitor that displays information obtained through the medical observation apparatus.

  According to the present invention, downsizing is possible, and the optical parameters such as the focal length and magnification of the observation optical system can be detected with strong durability against sterilization means with high load such as autoclave. A medical observation apparatus and a medical observation system are obtained.

First Embodiment FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a schematic configuration of a medical observation apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a configuration of a magnetic receiver as an optical parameter detection means in the medical observation apparatus of FIG. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the overall configuration of a medical observation system including the medical observation apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a graph showing an operation sequence of each magnetic information means for generating a magnetic field in the medical observation system of FIG.

The medical observation apparatus of the first embodiment is configured as a medical microscope.
As shown in FIG. 1, the medical microscope has an observation optical system 12, an optical parameter movable unit 13, a first magnetic information means 14, and a microscope body 11 provided outside the microscope body 11. The second magnetic information means 15 provided and the optical parameter detection means 16 provided at a position away from the microscope body 11 as shown in FIG.

The observation optical system 12 includes a focusing lens 12a, a zoom lens 12b, an imaging lens 12c, and an eyepiece lens 12d.
The focusing lens 12a has a focusing movable lens 12a1. The focusing movable lens 12a1 is configured to be movable in the optical axis direction via a focusing movable lens actuator (not shown) such as a stepping motor. The focusing lens 12a can change the focal length of the observation optical system 12 by moving the focusing movable lens 12a1 in the optical axis direction.
The zoom lens 12b has a zoom movable lens 12b1. The zoom movable lens 12b1 is configured to be movable in the optical axis direction via an actuator for zoom movable lens (not shown) such as a stepping motor. The zoom lens 12b can change the observation magnification of the observation optical system 12 by moving the zoom movable lens 12b1 in the optical axis direction.
The optical parameter movable unit 13 includes a focus movable lens 12a1 and a zoom movable lens 12b1.

The first magnetic information means 14 includes a focal length detection electromagnet 14a and a magnification detection electromagnet 14b configured to generate a magnetic field.
The focal length detection electromagnet 14a is fixed to the movable focal lens 12a1 so that its position changes in synchronization with the movable focal lens 12a1.
The magnification detecting electromagnet 14b is fixed to the zoom movable lens 12b1 so that its position changes in synchronization with the zoom movable lens 12b1.

The second magnetic information means 15 is composed of a magnetic receiver (sensor) 15a.
The magnetic receiver 15a includes an X coil 15a1, a Y coil 15a2, and a Z coil 15a3 that are orthogonal to each other.
The magnetic receiver 15a generates the magnetic field generated from the focal length detection electromagnet 14a or the magnification detection electromagnet 14b, which is the first magnetic information means 14, by using the X coil 15a1, the Y coil 15a2, and the Z coil 15a3. Thus, the current is converted into a current corresponding to the positions of the focal length detection electromagnet 14a and the magnification detection electromagnet 14b.
The magnetic receiver 15 a is connected to current measuring means (not shown) provided in the optical parameter detecting means 16. The current measuring means is configured to measure the value of the current flowing through each of the X coil 15a1, the Y coil 15a2, and the Z coil 15a3.

The medical microscope of the first embodiment has a magnetic field generator 17 as fourth magnetic information means in the vicinity of the observation position.
The magnetic field generator 17 is configured to generate a magnetic field toward the magnetic receiver 15a.
The magnetic receiver 15a also functions as third magnetic information means, and converts the magnetic field generated from the magnetic field generator 17 into a current.

The optical parameter detection means 16 is provided in an arithmetic processing unit such as a computer, and detects optical parameters from the amount of current flowing through each of the X coil 15a1, Y coil 15a2, and Z coil 15a3 of the magnetic receiver 15a as follows. To do.
That is, when the magnetic field is generated from the focal length detection electromagnet 14a, the focal length of the observation optical system 12 is detected. When the magnetic field is generated from the magnification detecting electromagnet 14b, the magnification of the observation optical system 12 is detected. Further, when a magnetic field is generated from the magnetic field generator 17 described later, the position of the observation optical system 12 (or the microscope body 11) is detected.

Further, the medical microscope of the first embodiment has magnetic time division switching means 18.
The magnetic time division switching means 18 is provided in an arithmetic device such as a computer provided with the optical parameter detection means 16, and the magnetic time division switching means 18 includes a focal length detection electromagnet 14a, a magnification detection electromagnet 14b, and a magnetic field generator. The output of the magnetic field from each of 17 is controlled in a time division manner as shown in FIG.

The medical observation apparatus according to the first embodiment includes a monitor 19 and is configured as a medical observation system as a whole.
In FIG. 3, 20 is an arm for holding the microscope body 11, 21 is a support for holding the microscope body 11 and the arm 20, 22 is a bed on which the patient 23 is placed, and 24 is for fixing the patient 23 on the bed 22. Patient fixture.
In the example of FIG. 3, the magnetic field generator 17 is attached to the patient fixture 22.

  In the medical observation apparatus of the first embodiment configured as described above, as shown in FIG. 3, the patient 23 is laid on the bed 22 and fixed with the patient fixing tool 22, and an observer (not shown) A person) moves the microscope body 11 to a desired observation position via the arm 20. Then, the observation of the patient 23 is performed by changing the optical parameters (focal length, magnification) of the observation optical system 12 in the microscope body 11 via the optical parameter movable unit 13 (focal movable lens 12a1 and zoom movable lens 12b1). The part is observed at a desired focal length and magnification.

Here, in the medical observation device according to the first embodiment, the focal length detection electromagnet 14a, the magnification detection electromagnet 14b, and the magnetic field generation device 17 are controlled in a time division manner via the magnetic time division switching means 18. Magnetic field is output from each. The magnetic receiver 15a converts the magnetic field generated from each into a current.
The optical parameter detector 16 determines the focal length of the observation optical system 12 from the amount of current flowing through the X coil 15a1, the Y coil 15a2, and the Z coil 15a3 when a magnetic field is generated from the focal length detection electromagnet 14a. To detect. When the magnetic field is generated from the magnification detecting electromagnet 14b, the magnification of the observation optical system 12 is detected from the amount of current flowing through the X coil 15a1, the Y coil 15a2, and the Z coil 15a3.
Further, when a magnetic field is generated from the magnetic field generator 17, the optical parameter detection means 16 detects the position of the observation optical system 12 from the amount of current flowing through the X coil 15a1, the Y coil 15a2, and the Z coil 15a3.
The detected information is displayed on the monitor 19.

Thus, in the medical observation apparatus of the first embodiment, the magnetic receiver 15 is attached to the microscope body 11, the magnetic field from the magnetic field generator 17 attached to the patient fixture 24 is detected, and the optical parameter detection means 16 is used. The position of the microscope body 11 is calculated via the electromagnets 14a and 14b that generate a magnetic field on the optical parameter movable unit 13 such as the focus movable lens 12a1 and the zoom movable lens 12b1 built in the microscope body 11, Magnetic fields from the electromagnets 14 a and 14 b are detected, and the focal length and magnification of the observation optical system 12 are calculated via the optical parameter detection means 16.
For this reason, according to the medical observation apparatus of the first embodiment, the observation optical system together with the relative position of the patient with respect to the microscope body 11 is obtained by switching the outputs of the magnetic field generator 17 and the electromagnets 14a and 14b in a time division manner. Twelve optical parameters can be detected.

  Further, according to the medical observation apparatus of the first embodiment, since only one magnetic receiver 15a is required, the number of wirings connected to the optical parameter detection unit 16 can be reduced, which can contribute to further miniaturization.

Second Embodiment FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a schematic configuration of an endoscope constituting a medical observation apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 shows a configuration of a main part in the medical observation apparatus of FIG. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a schematic configuration of a medical observation system provided with the medical observation apparatus of the second embodiment.

The medical observation apparatus according to the second embodiment is configured as a medical endoscope.
As shown in FIG. 6, the medical endoscope includes an observation optical system 32, an optical parameter movable unit 33, a first magnetic information means 34, a second magnetic information means 35, and an optical parameter detection means 36. have.
The observation optical system 32 is provided inside the airtight package 31a1 in the distal end hard portion 31a of the endoscope insertion portion 31, and includes an objective lens 32a, a zoom lens 32b, an imaging lens 32c, and an image sensor 32d. .
The zoom lens 32b includes a zoom movable lens 32b1. The zoom movable lens 32b1 is configured to be movable in the optical axis direction via a zoom movable lens actuator (not shown) such as a stepping motor. The zoom lens 32b can change the observation magnification of the observation optical system 32 by moving the zoom movable lens 32b1 in the optical axis direction.
The optical parameter movable unit 33 is configured by a zoom movable lens 32b1.

The first magnetic information means 34 includes a magnification detection electromagnet 34b configured to generate a magnetic field.
The magnification detecting electromagnet 34b is fixed to the zoom movable lens 32b1 so that its position changes in synchronization with the zoom movable lens 32b1.

The second magnetic information means 35 includes a magnification detection magnetic receiver (sensor) 35a provided outside the hermetic package 31a1 in the distal end hard portion 31a, and a bending angle detection magnetic receiver (sensor) provided in the hard portion 31c. 35b.
The magnification detection magnetic receiver 35a includes an X coil 35a1, a Y coil 35a2, and a Z coil 35a3 which are orthogonal to each other.
The magnification detection magnetic receiver 35a detects the magnetic field generated from the magnification detection electromagnet 34b, which is the first magnetic information means 34, through the X coil 35a1, the Y coil 35a2, and the Z coil 35a3. The current is converted into a current corresponding to the position of the electromagnet 34b.
The magnification detection magnetic receiver 35 a is connected to a current measuring means (not shown) provided in the optical parameter detecting means 36. The current measuring means is configured to measure the value of the current flowing through each of the X coil 35a1, the Y coil 35a2, and the Z coil 35a3.

The bending angle detection magnetic receiver 35b includes an X coil 35b1, a Y coil 35b2, and a Z coil 35b3 which are orthogonal to each other.
Then, the bending angle detection magnetic receiver 35b uses the X coil 35b1, the Y coil 35b2, and the Z coil 35b3 to multiply the magnetic field generated from the magnification detection electromagnet 34b which is the first magnetic information means 34, respectively. The current is converted into a current corresponding to the position of the detection electromagnet 34b (the angle of the distal end hard portion 31a with respect to the hard portion 31c).
In FIG. 5, reference numeral 31b denotes a bending portion. The curved portion 31b is configured so that the angle of the distal end hard portion 31a with respect to the hard portion 31c can be freely changed.
The bending angle detection magnetic receiver 35b is connected to a current measuring means (not shown) provided in the optical parameter detecting means 36. The current measuring means is configured to measure the value of the current flowing through each of the X coil 35b1, the Y coil 35b2, and the Z coil 35b3.

Further, the medical endoscope of the second embodiment has a position detection magnetic receiver (sensor) 37 as fourth magnetic information means in the vicinity of the observation position.
The position detection magnetic receiver 37 is composed of an X coil, a Y coil, and a Z coil that are orthogonal to each other.
The position detection magnetic receiver 37 converts the magnetic field generated from the magnification detection electromagnet 34b into a current corresponding to the position of the magnification detection electromagnet 34b via the X coil, the Y coil, and the Z coil. It is like that. Thus, the magnification detecting electromagnet 34b constituting the first magnetic information means 34 also functions as the third magnetic information means.
The position detecting magnetic receiver 37 is connected to current measuring means (not shown) provided in the optical parameter detecting means 36. The current measuring means is configured to measure the value of the current flowing through each of the X coil, the Y coil, and the Z coil.

  The optical parameter detection means 36 is provided in an arithmetic processing device such as a computer. The magnification of the observation optical system 32, the X coil 35b1 of the bending angle detection magnetic receiver 35b, the Y coil 35b2, and the Y coil 35a2 From the amount of current flowing through each of the Z coils 35b3, the angle of the hard tip portion 31a with respect to the hard portion 31c, and the amount of current flowing through each of the X coil, Y coil, and Z coil of the position detection magnetic receiver 37, the observation optical system 32 (or internal The position of the endoscope insertion part 31) is detected respectively.

The medical observation apparatus according to the second embodiment includes a monitor 39, and is configured as a medical observation system as a whole.
In FIG. 5, reference numeral 40 denotes a camera control unit (CCU) that performs predetermined image processing on a signal picked up by the image pickup element 32d, and reference numeral 41 denotes an illumination light source. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 42 denotes a light guide that transmits light from the illumination light source 41, and 43 denotes an illumination lens. In FIG. 7, 44 is a bed on which a patient 45 is placed, and 46 is a mobile CT for tomographic imaging of an organ of the patient 45. The mobile CT 46 is connected to an arithmetic processing device such as a computer provided with the optical parameter detection means 36.

  In the medical observation apparatus according to the second embodiment configured as described above, as shown in FIG. 7, the patient 45 is placed in the bed 44, and the tomography of the patient's organ is performed in advance using the mobile CT 46, The photographed image is stored in an arithmetic processing device such as a computer provided with the optical parameter detection means 36. An unillustrated observer (main operator) grasps the endoscope insertion portion 31 and moves the tip thereof to a desired observation position. Then, by changing the optical parameter (magnification) of the observation optical system 32 in the distal end hard portion 31a (airtight package 31a1) via the optical parameter movable portion 33 (zoom movable lens 32b1), the patient's observation region can be changed to a desired one. Observe at magnification.

Here, in the medical observation apparatus of the second embodiment, a magnetic field is output from the magnification detection electromagnet 34b. At that time, the magnification detection magnetic receiver 35a, the bending angle detection receiver 35b, and the position detection receiver 37 each convert a magnetic field generated from the magnification detection electromagnet 34b into a current.
The optical parameter detector 36 detects the magnification of the observation optical system 32 from the amount of current flowing through the X coil 35a1, the Y coil 35a2, and the Z coil 35a3. Further, the angle of the tip hard portion 31a with respect to the hard portion 31c is detected from the amount of current flowing through the X coil 35b1, the Y coil 35b2, and the Z coil 35b3. Further, the position of the observation optical system 32 is detected from the amount of current flowing through the X coil, Y coil, and Z coil of the position detection receiver 37.
The detected information is displayed on the monitor 39.
Further, by using the mobile CT 46 to update the tomographic image data of the organ of the patient 45, more accurate navigation becomes possible.

  Therefore, according to the medical observation apparatus of the second embodiment, the position of the endoscope and the observation magnification can be detected with a simple structure of a magnet and a coil. Further, even if a high-load sterilization means such as an autoclave is used, it is possible to make it difficult to cause breakage and deterioration of detection accuracy.

As a modified example of the medical observation apparatus of the second embodiment, a magnetic field generator is provided instead of the position detection magnetic receiver 37, and the output of the magnetic field generator and the electromagnet 34 is switched in time division. A split switching unit may be provided, and at least one of the magnetic receivers 35a and 35b may function as a position detection magnetic receiver when a magnetic field is output from the magnetic field generator.
Even if it does so, the effect similar to the structure of FIGS. 5-7 is acquired.
Alternatively, as another modified example of the medical observation apparatus of the second embodiment, for example, an electromagnet different from the electromagnet 34 is provided outside the airtight package 31a1 at the distal end hard portion 31a, and outputs of these electromagnets are time-divisionally divided. It is also possible to provide a magnetic time-division switching means for switching at, and detect the position of the observation optical system 32 via the position detection receiver 37 when a magnetic field is output from an electromagnet different from the electromagnet 34.
In this way, the position of the observation optical system 32 can be detected with higher accuracy than in the configurations of FIGS.

Third Embodiment FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a medical observation apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
The medical observation apparatus of the third embodiment is configured as a medical microscope.
As shown in FIG. 8, the medical endoscope includes an observation optical system 52, an illumination optical system 53, an optical parameter movable unit 54, a first magnetic information unit 55, provided inside a microscope body 51, The second magnetic information unit 57 provided in the vicinity of the observation position, the third magnetic information unit 56 provided outside the microscope body 51, and the optical device provided at a position away from the microscope body 51. It has parameter detection means (not shown).

The observation optical system 52 includes a focusing lens 52a, a zoom lens 52b, an imaging lens 52c, and an eyepiece lens 52d.
The focusing lens 52a includes a focusing movable lens 52a1. The focusing movable lens 52a1 is configured to be movable in the optical axis direction via a focusing movable lens actuator (not shown) such as a stepping motor. The focusing lens 52a can change the focal length of the observation optical system 52 by moving the focusing movable lens 52a1 in the optical axis direction.
The zoom lens 52b includes a zoom movable lens 52b1. The zoom movable lens 52b1 is configured to be movable in the optical axis direction via a zoom movable lens actuator (not shown) such as a stepping motor. The zoom lens 52b can change the observation magnification of the observation optical system 52 by moving the zoom movable lens 52b1 in the optical axis direction.

The illumination optical system 53 includes a light source unit (not shown), a light guide 53a, a filter 53b, and an illumination lens 54c.
The filter 53 is configured to be inserted into and removed from the optical path of the illumination optical system 53.

  The optical parameter movable unit 54 includes a focus movable lens 52a1, a zoom movable lens 52b1, and a filter 53b.

The first magnetic information means 55 includes a focal length detection magnetic receiver (sensor) 55a, a magnification detection magnetic receiver (sensor) 55b, and a filter insertion / removal state detection magnetic receiver (sensor) 55c.
The focal length detection magnetic receiver 55a includes an X coil, a Y coil, and a Z coil that are orthogonal to each other. Similarly to the focal length detection magnetic receiver 55a, the magnification detection magnetic receiver 55b and the filter insertion / removal state detection magnetic receiver 55c are also composed of an X coil, a Y coil, and a Z coil, respectively. .
The focal length detection magnetic receiver 55a is fixed to the movable focal lens 52a1 so that its position changes in synchronization with the movable focal lens 52a1.
The magnification detection magnetic receiver 55b is fixed to the zoom movable lens 52b1 so that its position changes in synchronization with the zoom movable lens 52b1.
The filter insertion / removal state detection magnetic receiver 55b is fixed to the filter 53b so that its position changes in synchronization with the filter 53b.

  The focal length detection magnetic receiver 55a, the magnification detection magnetic receiver 55b, and the filter insertion / removal state detection magnetic receiver 55c respectively generate magnetic fields generated from the second magnetic information means 57 by an X coil, a Y coil, The current is converted into a current corresponding to the position of each of the focal length detection magnetic receiver 55a, the magnification detection magnetic receiver 55b, and the filter insertion / removal state detection magnetic receiver 55c via each of the Z coils.

  Further, the focal length detection magnetic receiver 55a, the magnification detection magnetic receiver 55b, and the filter insertion / removal state detection magnetic receiver 55c are connected to current measurement means (not shown) provided in the optical parameter detection means (not shown). Yes. The current measuring means is configured to measure the value of the current flowing through each of the X coil, the Y coil, and the Z coil.

The second magnetic information means 57 is composed of a magnetic field generator 57a.
The magnetic field generator 57a is configured to generate a magnetic field toward the magnetic receivers 55a, 55b, and 55c.
In FIG. 8, 58 is a bed on which the patient 59 is placed, and 60 is a patient fixture for fixing the patient 59 on the bed 58.
In the example of FIG. 8, the magnetic field generator 57 a is attached to the patient fixture 60.

The third magnetic information means 56 includes a position detection magnetic receiver (sensor) 56a.
The position detection magnetic receiver 56a is composed of an X coil, a Y coil, and a Z coil that are orthogonal to each other.
The position detection magnetic receiver 56a converts the magnetic field generated from the magnetic field generator 57a into a current corresponding to the position of the position detection magnetic receiver 56a via the X coil, the Y coil, and the Z coil. It is like that. Thus, the magnetic field generator 57a constituting the second magnetic information means 57 also functions as the fourth magnetic information means.
The position detecting magnetic receiver 56a is connected to a current measuring means (not shown) provided in the optical parameter detecting means (not shown). The current measuring means is configured to measure the value of the current flowing through each of the X coil, the Y coil, and the Z coil of the position detection magnetic receiver 56a.

  The optical parameter detection means (not shown) is provided in an arithmetic processing device such as a computer, similarly to the medical observation device of the first embodiment. The focal length of the observation optical system 52 and the X coil, Y coil, and Z coil of the magnification detection magnetic receiver 55b are determined based on the amounts of current flowing through the X coil, Y coil, and Z coil of the focal length detection magnetic receiver 55a. The magnification of the observation optical system 52 from the amount of current flowing through the filter, and the insertion / extraction state of the filter 53b in the optical path of the illumination optical system 53 from the amount of current flowing through the X coil, Y coil, and Z coil of the magnetic receiver 55c for detecting the filter insertion / extraction state, The position of the observation optical system 52 (or the microscope body 51) is detected from the amount of current flowing through each of the X coil, Y coil, and Z coil of the position detection magnetic receiver 56a.

  Further, the medical observation apparatus of the third embodiment includes a monitor (not shown) similar to the monitor 19 in the medical observation apparatus of the first embodiment, and is configured as a medical observation system as a whole.

  In the medical observation apparatus of the third embodiment configured as described above, a patient 59 is placed on a bed and fixed with a patient fixture 60, and an observer (main operator) (not shown) holds an arm (not shown). Then, the microscope body 51 is moved to a desired observation position. Then, the optical parameters in the microscope body 51 (the focal length and magnification of the observation optical system 52, and the insertion / extraction state of the filter 53b in the illumination optical system 53) are changed to the optical parameter movable section 54 (focus movable lens 52a1, zoom movable lens 52b1, filter). 53b), the observation part of the patient 23 is illuminated with a desired light amount and wavelength, and is observed with a desired focal length and magnification.

Here, in the medical observation apparatus according to the third embodiment, a magnetic field is output from the magnetic field generator 17. The focal length detection magnetic receiver 55a, the magnification detection magnetic receiver 55b, the filter insertion / removal state detection magnetic receiver 55c, and the position detection magnetic receiver 56a each convert a magnetic field generated from the magnetic field generator 17a into a current.
The optical parameter detection means (not shown) detects the focal length of the observation optical system 52 from the amount of current flowing through each of the X coil, Y coil, and Z coil of the focal length detection magnetic receiver 55a. Further, the magnification of the observation optical system 52 is detected from the amount of current flowing through each of the X coil, Y coil, and Z coil of the magnification detection magnetic receiver 55b. Also, the insertion / extraction state of the filter 53b in the optical path of the illumination optical system 53 is detected from the amount of current flowing through each of the X coil, Y coil, and Z coil of the filter insertion / removal state detection magnetic receiver 55c. Further, the position of the observation optical system 52 (or the microscope body 51) is detected from the amount of current flowing through each of the X coil, Y coil, and Z coil of the position detection magnetic receiver 56a.
The detected information is displayed on a monitor (not shown).

  As described above, in the medical observation apparatus according to the third embodiment, the magnetic field generator 57a is arranged on the patient 59 side, and the X-coil is placed on the microscope body 51 and the movable parts 52a1, 52b1, and 53b in the microscope body 51. Since the sensors 55a, 55b, and 55c including the Y coil and the Z coil are provided, a large number of optical parameters can be detected by the sensor having only the coil. For this reason, compared with the structure which detects an optical parameter using the conventional rotary encoder, a photo sensor, a microswitch etc., a mirror body can be remarkably reduced in size and manufacturing cost can also be reduced.

The medical observation apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, regarding each magnetic information detection means, a means (electromagnet or magnetic field generator) for generating a magnetic field and a magnetic field are detected. The means (magnetic sensor) may be interchanged.
In the medical observation apparatus of each of the above embodiments, the optical parameters include the magnification of the observation optical system, the focal length of the observation optical system, the rotation angle of the observation image obtained via the observation optical system, and the filter in the observation unit. Although the insertion / extraction state and the like are shown, the optical parameters are not limited to these. For example, the magnetic information means is also used for the observation optical path switching state in the observation optical system, the installation state of the predetermined optical system in the observation unit, etc. It may be detected via the

  The medical observation apparatus of the present invention further includes, for example, a manual dial that rotates in synchronization with the change of the optical parameter by the optical parameter movable unit, and a part of the dial is made of a magnetic material. This magnetic material may be used as magnetic information means.

Fourth Embodiment FIGS. 9A and 9B are explanatory views showing a schematic configuration of a medical observation apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9A is a conceptual diagram of an endoscope portion, and FIG. 9B is an inner view of FIG. It is a top view of the manual dial used for the endoscope part.
The medical observation apparatus according to the fourth embodiment is configured based on an endoscopic system “EndoArm” dedicated to neurosurgery proposed by the applicant.
In FIG. 9, 61 is an insertion portion, 62 is a gripping portion, 64 is a joint that rotatably supports the gripping portion 62, and 65 is an arm that is connected to the joint 64. In the neurosurgery dedicated endoscope system of FIG. 9, a light guide (not shown) of an observation optical system and an illumination optical system is built in the grip portion 62. In addition, an optical parameter movable unit (not shown) for changing optical parameters such as focusing, zooming, and rotation of the endoscopic image is provided.
In addition, the grip portion 62 includes manual dials 63a and 63b that rotate in synchronization with the change of the optical parameter.
In the manual dials 63a and 63b, as shown in FIG. 9B, the region α having a predetermined rotation angle is made of a magnetic material, and the other region β is made of a non-magnetic material such as plastic or stainless steel.
The manual dials 63a and 63b having the magnetic region α function as first magnetic information means.

In addition, the medical observation apparatus of the fourth embodiment has second magnetic information means (not shown) and optical parameter detection means (not shown) at positions away from the endoscope portion.
The second magnetic information means (not shown) is a magnetic receiver (not shown) composed of an X coil, a Y coil, and a Z coil, which are orthogonal to each other, like the magnetic receiver 15 in the medical observation apparatus of FIG. It is configured.
The second magnetic information means (not shown) is connected to a current measuring means (not shown) provided in the optical parameter detection means (not shown). The current measuring means is configured to measure the value of the current flowing through each of the X coil, the Y coil, and the Z coil.

  Similar to the optical parameter detection means 16 in the medical observation apparatus of FIG. 1, the optical parameter detection means (not shown) is provided in an arithmetic processing unit such as a computer, and the rotation amounts (rotation angles) of the manual dials 63a and 63b. From the amount of current flowing through each of the X coil, Y coil, and Z coil of the magnetic receiver, which is the second magnetic information means (not shown), according to the magnetic field that changes according to the magnetic body displaced by the manual dial 63a, Optical parameters such as the focal length of the observation optical system, the magnification, and the rotation angle of the observation image according to the magnetic field that changes in accordance with the magnetic body displaced by the rotation amount (rotation angle) of 63b are detected.

  Moreover, the medical observation apparatus of the fourth embodiment includes a monitor (not shown), and is configured as a medical observation system as a whole.

  Also with the medical observation apparatus of the fourth embodiment, the position of the observation apparatus and the observation magnification can be detected with a simple structure. Further, even if a high-load sterilization means such as an autoclave is used, it is possible to make it difficult to cause breakage and deterioration of detection accuracy.

  The medical observation apparatus and medical observation system of the present invention are useful in the medical and medical fields.

It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the medical observation apparatus concerning 1st embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the magnetic receiver as an optical parameter detection means in the medical observation apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the whole structure of the medical observation system provided with the medical observation apparatus of 1st embodiment. It is a graph which shows the operation | movement sequence of each magnetic information means to generate a magnetic field in the medical observation system of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the endoscope which comprises the medical observation apparatus concerning 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the principal part in the medical observation apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the medical observation system provided with the medical observation apparatus of 2nd embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the medical observation apparatus concerning 3rd embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the medical observation apparatus concerning 4th embodiment of this invention, (a) is a conceptual diagram of an endoscope part, (b) is used for the endoscope part of (a). It is a top view of a manual dial.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Microscope body 12 Observation optical system 12a Focusing lens 12a1 Focusing movable lens 12b Zoom lens 12b1 Zooming movable lens 12c Imaging lens 12d Eyepiece lens 13 Optical parameter movable part 14 First magnetic information means 14a Focal length detection electromagnet 14b Magnification detection electromagnet 15 Second magnetic information means 15a Magnetic receiver (sensor) (third magnetic information means)
15a1 X coil 15a2 Y coil 15a3 Z coil 16 Optical parameter detection means 17 Magnetic field generator (fourth magnetic information means)
18 Magnetic time division switching means 19 Monitor 20 Arm 21 Strut 22 Bed 23 Patient 24 Patient fixture 31 Endoscope insertion part 31a Hard tip 31a1 Airtight package 31b Bending part 32 Observation optical system 32a Objective lens 32b Zoom lens 32b1 Zoom movable lens 32c Imaging lens 32d Image sensor 33 Optical parameter movable part 34 First magnetic information means (third magnetic information means)
34b Magnification detection electromagnet 35 Second magnetic information means 35a Magnification detection magnetic receiver (sensor)
35a1 X coil 35a2 Y coil 35a3 Z coil 35b Magnetic receiver for detecting bending angle (sensor)
35b1 X coil 35b2 Y coil 35b3 Z coil 36 Optical parameter detecting means 37 Position detecting magnetic receiver (sensor) (fourth magnetic information means)
39 Monitor 40 Camera Control Unit (CCU)
41 Illumination light source 42 Light guide 43 Illumination lens 44 Bed 45 Patient 46 Mobile CT
51 Microscope body 52 Observation optical system 52a Focusing lens 52a1 Focusing movable lens 52b Zoom lens 52b1 Zoom movable lens 52c Imaging lens 52d Eyepiece 53 Illumination optical system 53a Light guide 53b Filter 53c Illumination lens 54 Optical parameter movable part 55 Magnetic information means 55a Magnetic receiver for detecting focal length (sensor)
55b Magnetic receiver for detecting magnification (sensor)
55c Magnetic receiver (sensor) for filter insertion / removal detection
56 3rd magnetic information means 56a Magnetic receiver (sensor) for position detection
57 Second magnetic information means (fourth magnetic information means)
57a Magnetic field generator 58 Bed 59 Patient 60 Patient fixture 61 Insertion part 62 Grasping part 63a, 63b Manual dial 64 Joint 65 Arm

Claims (20)

An observation unit equipped with an observation optical system;
At least one optical parameter movable unit configured to be movable in the observation unit and capable of changing at least one optical parameter;
A first magnetic information means configured to generate a magnetic field or to detect a magnetic field, and is arranged so that a position thereof is changed in synchronization with a change of the optical parameter by the optical parameter movable unit;
A second magnetic information means configured to detect a magnetic field generated by the first magnetic information means or to generate a magnetic field toward the first magnetic information means;
Optical parameter detection means for detecting the optical parameter based on magnetic field information detected via the first magnetic information means or the second magnetic information means;
A medical observation apparatus characterized by comprising: The first magnetic information means generates a magnetic field;
The second magnetic information means detects a magnetic field generated by the first magnetic information means;
The medical observation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the optical parameter detection unit detects the optical parameter based on magnetic field information detected through the second magnetic information unit. The second magnetic information means generates a magnetic field;
The first magnetic information means detects the magnetic field generated by the second magnetic information means;
2. The medical observation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the optical parameter detection unit detects the optical parameter based on magnetic field information detected via the first magnetic information unit.   The optical parameters are the magnification of the observation optical system, the focal position of the observation optical system, the rotation angle of the observation image obtained through the observation optical system, the filter insertion / removal state in the observation unit, the inside of the observation optical system The medical observation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising at least one of an observation optical path switching state and an installation state of the predetermined optical system in the observation unit.   The medical observation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the medical observation apparatus is a surgical microscope, an endoscope, a surgical microscope system, or an endoscope system. Further, a third magnetic information means configured to generate a magnetic field or detect a magnetic field, and is arranged so that the position changes in synchronization with the change of the position of the observation unit,
A fourth magnetic information means configured to detect a magnetic field generated by the third magnetic information means or to generate a magnetic field toward the third magnetic information means;
Position detecting means for detecting the position of the observation unit based on magnetic field information detected via the third magnetic information means or the fourth magnetic information means;
The medical observation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The third magnetic information means generates a magnetic field;
The fourth magnetic information means detects the magnetic field generated by the third magnetic information means;
The medical observation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the position detection unit detects the position of the observation unit based on information on a magnetic field detected via the fourth magnetic information unit. The fourth magnetic information means generates a magnetic field;
The third magnetic information means detects the magnetic field generated by the fourth magnetic information means;
The medical observation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the position detection unit detects a position of the observation unit based on information on a magnetic field detected through the third magnetic information unit. The medical observation device is a surgical microscope or a surgical microscope system;
The first magnetic information means comprises an electromagnet fixed to the optical parameter movable part,
The said 2nd magnetic information means consists of a magnetic receiver fixed to the mirror body of the said observation optical system, The Claims 2-8 dependent on Claim 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. Medical observation device. The medical observation device is a surgical microscope or a surgical microscope system;
The first magnetic information means comprises an electromagnet fixed to the optical parameter movable part,
The second magnetic information means comprises a magnetic receiver fixed to the mirror body of the observation optical system,
The third magnetic information means comprises the magnetic receiver;
The fourth magnetic information means comprises a magnetic field generator fixed near the observation position,
Further, according to claim 8 dependent on claim 2 or claim 9 dependent on claim 8, further comprising magnetic time division switching means for switching the output of the electromagnet and the magnetic field generator in a time division manner. The medical observation apparatus as described. The medical observation device is an endoscope or an endoscope system;
The first magnetic information means comprises an electromagnet fixed to the optical parameter movable part,
The second magnetic information means comprises a magnetic receiver fixed to an endoscope distal end portion provided with the observation optical system. The medical observation apparatus in any one. The medical observation device is an endoscope or an endoscope system;
The first magnetic information means comprises an electromagnet fixed to the optical parameter movable part,
The second magnetic information means comprises a first magnetic receiver fixed to an endoscope distal end portion provided with the observation optical system,
The third magnetic information means comprises a magnetic field generator fixed near the observation position,
The medical observation apparatus according to claim 8, which is dependent on claim 8, wherein the fourth magnetic information means is the electromagnet. The medical observation device is an endoscope or an endoscope system;
The first magnetic information means comprises an electromagnet fixed to the optical parameter movable part,
The second magnetic information means comprises a first magnetic receiver fixed to an endoscope distal end portion provided with the observation optical system,
The third magnetic information means comprises a second magnetic receiver fixed to an endoscope tip having the observation optical system,
The fourth magnetic information means comprises a magnetic field generator fixed near the observation position,
10. The medical observation apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising magnetic time division switching means for switching the outputs of the electromagnet and the magnetic field generator in a time division manner. The medical observation apparatus is a surgical microscope or a surgical microscope system;
The first magnetic information means comprises a magnetic receiver fixed to the optical parameter movable part,
9. The medical observation according to claim 3, wherein the second magnetic information means comprises a magnetic field generator fixed near the observation position. apparatus. The medical observation device is a surgical microscope or a surgical microscope system;
The first magnetic information means comprises a first magnetic receiver fixed to the optical parameter movable part;
The second magnetic information means comprises a magnetic field generator fixed near the observation position,
The third magnetic information means comprises a second magnetic receiver fixed to the mirror of the observation optical system;
The medical observation apparatus according to claim 8 or dependent on claim 8, wherein the fourth magnetic information means comprises the magnetic field generator.   The medical observation apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the mirror body of the observation optical system is made of a nonmagnetic material. The medical observation device is a surgical microscope or a surgical microscope system;
The first magnetic information means comprises an electromagnet fixed to the optical parameter movable part,
The second magnetic information means comprises a first magnetic receiver fixed to a mirror body of the observation optical system,
The third magnetic information means comprises a magnetic field generator fixed to an endoscope distal end portion provided with the observation optical system,
The medical observation apparatus according to claim 7, which is dependent on claim 4, wherein the fourth magnetic information means comprises a second magnetic receiver fixed in the vicinity of the observation position.   The medical observation apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 17, wherein the magnetic receiver includes coils wound in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions, respectively, and orthogonal to each other. A dial that rotates in synchronization with the change of the optical parameter by the optical parameter movable unit,
A part of the area of the dial is made of a magnetic material. Claims 4 to 8, claim 14, 15, claim 14, 15, claim 14, or 15 dependent on claim 3 or claim 3. The medical observation apparatus according to claim 17. The medical observation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 19,
A medical observation system comprising a monitor for displaying information obtained through the medical observation apparatus.

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