JP2010096185A - Control device of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a control device of an internal combustion engine correctly diagnosing an abnormality of a heavy/light fuel ratio detection sensor for alcohol-mixed fuel. <P>SOLUTION: The control device of the internal combustion engine capable of using heavy fuel, light fuel, alcohol fuel and a mixture thereof as fuel includes a heavy/light fuel ratio detection means 39 detecting the ratio of the heavy fuel to the light fuel, and an air-fuel ratio detection means 41 detecting the air-fuel ratio of an exhaust gas, and calculates a fuel injection amount to set the air-fuel ratio at a target value based on the heavy/light fuel ratio detection means. The control device diagnoses an abnormality of the heavy/light fuel ratio detection means based on a difference between the target air-fuel ratio and the air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio detection means in the case that an engine temperature is within a specific temperature range. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a control device for an internal combustion engine.

  In recent years, alcohol (particularly ethyl alcohol) has attracted attention as an alternative fuel to gasoline from the viewpoint of reducing pollution and suppressing the use of natural resources. In many cases, alcohol is not used alone but is used as an alcohol mixed fuel mixed in gasoline or the like. The alcohol content ratio of the alcohol mixed fuel is not always constant, and in order to properly operate the internal combustion engine, it is necessary to change the control of the internal combustion engine such as the fuel injection amount in accordance with the alcohol content ratio. For this reason, it is necessary to detect the alcohol content ratio when the fuel property changes due to refueling or the like.

  Therefore, in the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, when it is detected that fuel has been supplied, the fuel injection amount is temporarily increased or decreased, and the alcohol content ratio is estimated based on the behavior of the exhaust air-fuel ratio. In particular, the higher the alcohol content ratio, the smaller the deviation of the air-fuel ratio when the fuel injection amount is increased or decreased, so the air-fuel ratio when the fuel injection amount is increased and the air-fuel ratio when the fuel injection amount is decreased And the alcohol content ratio is estimated based on this difference.

JP 2003-120363 A JP 2002-188503 A JP 2001-107996 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-241644

  By the way, gasoline widely used as a fuel for an internal combustion engine includes a light fuel containing a lot of light components with high volatility and a heavy fuel containing a lot of heavy components with low volatility. In order to properly operate the internal combustion engine, it is necessary to perform control in accordance with the ratio of the light fuel to the heavy fuel. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the ratio of light fuel to heavy fuel in the fuel. Conventionally, this ratio is detected by a heavy / light ratio detection sensor that detects the ratio of light fuel to heavy fuel in the fuel. To do.

  By the way, when the heavy / light ratio detection sensor is used, it cannot be guaranteed at all that no abnormality occurs in the sensor, and thus a device for diagnosing the abnormality of the sensor is required. Here, when the engine is started, the exhaust air-fuel ratio changes according to the ratio of the light fuel to the heavy fuel due to the difference in volatility between the light fuel and the heavy fuel. Therefore, it is possible to estimate such a ratio based on the exhaust air / fuel ratio, and the abnormality of the sensor can be diagnosed by comparing the estimated ratio with the ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor.

  However, the alcohol-mixed fuel contains alcohol as a fuel in addition to heavy fuel and light fuel. Since the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio of alcohol is lower than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio of gasoline, the exhaust air-fuel ratio changes not only with the ratio of light fuel to heavy fuel in the fuel but also with the alcohol content ratio in the fuel. Therefore, the alcohol-mixed fuel cannot be accurately diagnosed by the above method for abnormality of the heavy / light ratio detection sensor.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a control device for an internal combustion engine capable of accurately diagnosing an abnormality of a heavy / light ratio detection sensor even for an alcohol-mixed fuel.

In order to solve the above problems, in the first invention, in an internal combustion engine that can use heavy fuel, light fuel, alcohol fuel, and a mixture thereof as fuel, the ratio of heavy fuel to light fuel can be detected. An internal combustion engine comprising a heavy / light ratio detecting means and an air / fuel ratio detecting means for detecting an air / fuel ratio of exhaust gas, and calculating a fuel injection amount so that the air / fuel ratio becomes a target air / fuel ratio based on the heavy / light ratio detection means In this control device, the abnormality of the heavy / light ratio detecting means is diagnosed based on the difference between the target air-fuel ratio and the air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio detecting means when the engine temperature is in the specific temperature range.
Here, the specific temperature range means that the actual air-fuel ratio is set to the target air-fuel ratio regardless of whether alcohol is contained in the fuel due to the difference in evaporation rate between the heavy fuel, the light fuel, and the alcohol fuel. This means a temperature range in which the fuel injection amount required for the change is almost unchanged.
According to the first invention, the abnormality diagnosis is performed based on the difference in the air-fuel ratio in the specific temperature range, so that the abnormality of the heavy / light ratio detection sensor can be accurately detected regardless of whether alcohol is contained or not. Can do.

  According to a second aspect, in the first aspect, the apparatus further comprises alcohol ratio detection means capable of detecting the alcohol content ratio in the fuel, and the control device is based on the alcohol ratio detection means in addition to the heavy / light ratio detection means. The fuel injection amount is calculated so that the air-fuel ratio becomes the target air-fuel ratio, and the alcohol ratio is based on the difference between the target air-fuel ratio and the air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio detection means when the engine temperature is outside the specific temperature range. Diagnose abnormality of detection means.

  In the third invention, in the first or second invention, when the air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio detection means when the engine temperature is in the specific temperature range is leaner than the target air-fuel ratio, the actual heavy When the fuel / light fuel ratio is determined to be higher than the heavy fuel / light fuel ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detector, and the engine temperature is within the specified temperature range When the air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio detection means is richer than the target air-fuel ratio, the actual ratio of heavy fuel to light fuel is determined by the heavy fuel and light fuel detected by the heavy-light ratio detection means. It is determined that the ratio of light fuel is higher than the ratio.

  In a fourth invention, in any one of the first to third inventions, the difference between the target air-fuel ratio and the air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio detection means when the engine temperature is within a specific temperature range; The calculated fuel injection amount is corrected based on the difference between the target air-fuel ratio and the air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio detection means when the engine temperature is outside the specific temperature range.

  According to a fifth invention, in any one of the first to fourth inventions, when the fuel replenishment determining means for determining the presence or absence of fuel replenishment is further provided and the fuel replenishment determining means determines that the fuel has been replenished. Only the above heavy / light ratio detection means is judged as abnormal.

  In order to solve the above problems, in the sixth invention, in an internal combustion engine that can use heavy fuel, light fuel, alcohol fuel and a mixture thereof as fuel, the ratio of heavy fuel to light fuel can be detected. In a control device for an internal combustion engine that includes a heavy / light ratio detection means and controls the ignition timing so that the engine speed reaches a target rotational speed, it is expected that the ignition timing will be reached based on the heavy / light ratio detection means The ignition timing is calculated, and an abnormality of the heavy / light ratio detection means is diagnosed based on the difference between the expected ignition timing and the actual ignition timing when the engine temperature is within a specific temperature range.

  According to a seventh aspect, in the sixth aspect, the apparatus further comprises alcohol ratio detection means capable of detecting the alcohol content ratio in the fuel, and the control device is based on the alcohol ratio detection means in addition to the heavy / light ratio detection means. Calculate the expected ignition timing at which the ignition timing is expected to arrive, and diagnose the abnormality of the alcohol ratio detection means based on the difference between the expected ignition timing and the actual ignition timing when the engine temperature is outside the specific temperature range .

  In the eighth invention, in the sixth or seventh invention, when the actual ignition timing when the engine temperature is in the specific temperature region is on the advance side of the expected ignition timing, the actual heavy fuel and light fuel It is determined that the ratio of heavy fuel is higher than the ratio of heavy fuel to light fuel detected by the heavy / light ratio detection means, and the actual ignition when the engine temperature is within a specific temperature range When the timing is retarded from the expected ignition timing, the actual ratio of heavy fuel to light fuel is the ratio of light fuel to the ratio of heavy fuel to light fuel detected by the heavy light ratio detection means. Is determined to be high.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to accurately diagnose an abnormality of the heavy / light ratio detection sensor even for the alcohol-mixed fuel.

It is the schematic of the internal combustion engine which can mount the control apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the cooling water temperature regarding a fuel with which alcohol is not mixed, and alcohol mixed fuel, and an evaporation rate. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the cooling water temperature about various fuels, and an evaporation rate. It is the figure which showed the relationship between the fuel property and exhaust air-fuel ratio in each temperature range. It is a part of flowchart which shows the control routine of abnormality diagnosis control of a heavy light ratio detection sensor and an alcohol ratio detection sensor. It is a part of flowchart which shows the control routine of abnormality diagnosis control of a heavy light ratio detection sensor and an alcohol ratio detection sensor. It is the figure which showed the relationship between the fuel property and ignition timing in each temperature range.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a case where the control device of the first embodiment of the present invention is applied to a direct injection spark ignition type internal combustion engine.

  Referring to FIG. 1, 1 is an engine body, 2 is a combustion chamber of each cylinder, 3 is a spark plug for igniting fuel in each combustion chamber 2, 4 is an intake manifold, and 5 is an exhaust manifold. The intake manifold 4 is connected to the outlet of the compressor 7 a of the exhaust turbocharger 7 through the intake pipe 6, and the inlet of the compressor 7 a is connected to the air cleaner 8. A throttle valve 9 driven by a step motor is arranged in the intake pipe 6, and a cooling device 10 for cooling intake air flowing in the intake pipe 6 is arranged around the intake pipe 6. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the engine cooling water is guided into the cooling device 10 and the intake air is cooled by the engine cooling water. On the other hand, the exhaust manifold 5 is connected to the inlet of the exhaust turbine 7 b of the exhaust turbocharger 7, and the outlet of the exhaust turbine 7 b is connected to the casing 12 containing the exhaust purification catalyst 11.

  The exhaust manifold 5 and the intake manifold 4 are connected to each other via an exhaust gas recirculation (hereinafter referred to as EGR) passage 14, and an electronically controlled EGR control valve 15 is disposed in the EGR passage 14. Further, an EGR cooling device 16 for cooling the EGR gas flowing through the EGR passage 14 is disposed around the EGR passage 14. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the engine cooling water is guided into the cooling device 16, and the EGR gas is cooled by the engine cooling water. On the other hand, an electronically controlled fuel injection valve 16 for injecting fuel into each intake port is provided at each intake port leading to each combustion chamber 2, and each fuel injection valve 16 is connected to a delivery pipe 17. The delivery pipe 17 is connected to a fuel pump 19 and a fuel tank 20 via a fuel pipe 18. A fuel cap 21 is provided in the fuel supply hole of the fuel tank 20. Fuel is supplied into the delivery pipe 17 from the fuel tank 20 by the fuel pump 19, and the fuel supplied into the delivery pipe 17 is supplied to the fuel injection valve 16. In the following description, air including EGR gas is also simply referred to as air.

  The electronic control unit 30 is composed of a digital computer, and is connected to each other by a bidirectional bus 31. A ROM (read only memory) 32, a RAM (random access memory) 33, a CPU (microprocessor) 34, an input port 35 and an output port 36. It comprises. Fuel property sensors 39 and 40 for detecting the properties of the fuel in the delivery pipe 17 are mounted in the delivery pipe 17, and the exhaust manifold 5 is detected to detect the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust manifold 5. An air-fuel ratio sensor 41 is attached, and a temperature sensor 42 for detecting the temperature of the exhaust purification catalyst 11 is attached to the exhaust purification catalyst 11. Output signals of the fuel property sensors 39 and 40, the air-fuel ratio sensor 41, and the temperature sensor 42 are input to the input port 35 via corresponding AD converters 37. Further, a fuel gauge 43 for detecting the amount of fuel in the fuel tank 20 is attached in the fuel tank 20, and the fuel hole of the fuel tank 20 is for detecting the opening / closing of the fuel cap 21 of the fuel hole. An open / close sensor 44 is attached. The output signals of the fuel gauge 43 and the open / close sensor 44 are input to the input port 35 via the corresponding AD converter 37.

  A load sensor 46 that generates an output voltage proportional to the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal 45 is connected to the accelerator pedal 45, and the output voltage of the load sensor 46 is input to the input port 35 via the corresponding AD converter 37. The Further, a crank angle sensor 47 that generates an output pulse every time the crankshaft rotates, for example, 15 ° is connected to the input port 35, and the engine speed is detected by the crank angle sensor 47. On the other hand, the output port 36 is connected to the fuel injection valve 16, the step motor for driving the throttle valve 9, the EGR control valve 15, and the fuel pump 19 through corresponding drive circuits 38.

  By the way, in the internal combustion engine of the present invention, a mixed fuel of gasoline and alcohol (hereinafter referred to as “alcohol mixed fuel”) is used as the fuel supplied into the combustion chamber 2. Among these, gasoline, as is well known, includes light fuel containing a large amount of light components with high volatility and heavy fuel containing a large amount of heavy components with low volatility, and is supplied into the combustion chamber 2. In the fuel, light fuel and heavy fuel are mixed at an arbitrary ratio.

  These light fuels and heavy fuels easily evaporate if the engine temperature (for example, engine cooling water temperature, oil temperature, fuel temperature, which will be described below using the cooling water temperature as an example) is above a certain temperature. Therefore, no matter which fuel is used, the performance (for example, torque) obtained by the internal combustion engine is hardly affected. However, when the engine coolant temperature is below a certain temperature, light fuel is likely to evaporate, whereas heavy fuel is less likely to evaporate, and even if the fuel injection amount is the same, heavy fuel is The amount of fuel that easily adheres to the intake port wall surface and cylinder wall surface and contributes to combustion in the combustion chamber 2 is substantially reduced.

  For this reason, although depending on the fuel injection amount setting, when heavy fuel is used, the amount of fuel supplied to the combustion chamber is less than the target when the internal combustion engine is cold started, and the air-fuel ratio is increased ( Tend to be lean). On the other hand, when light fuel is used, the amount of fuel supplied to the combustion chamber is larger than the target when the internal combustion engine is cold started, and the air-fuel ratio tends to be small (rich). In any case, these may cause poor starting, poor fuel consumption, insufficient torque, reduced emissions, etc., so the ratio of heavy fuel to light fuel in the fuel (hereinafter referred to as “heavy”) to prevent such a situation. It is necessary to detect "lightness ratio".

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the fuel property sensor (heavy / light ratio detection sensor) 39 attached to the delivery pipe 17 detects the heavy / light ratio of the fuel in the delivery pipe 17, that is, the fuel supplied into the combustion chamber 2. I am going to do that. The heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 is, for example, a sensor that estimates the heavy / light ratio based on the density of the fuel calculated by detecting the refractive index of the fuel in the delivery pipe 17.

  In addition, alcohol has a lower calorific value than gasoline and has a lower stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. For this reason, it is necessary to supply fuel into the combustion chamber 2 in a larger amount than that of gasoline alone according to the ratio of alcohol contained in the fuel (hereinafter referred to as “alcohol content ratio”). . In order to determine an appropriate fuel supply amount to the combustion chamber 2, it is necessary to detect the alcohol content ratio in the fuel.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the fuel content sensor (alcohol ratio detection sensor) 40 attached to the delivery pipe 17 detects the alcohol content ratio of the fuel in the delivery pipe 17, that is, the fuel supplied into the combustion chamber 2. It is said. The alcohol ratio detection sensor 40 may be an optical sensor that uses a change in refractive index due to alcohol mixing, or a capacitance sensor that uses a difference in dielectric constant and resistance from gasoline. There may be.

  In the present embodiment, the internal combustion engine is controlled based on the heavy / light ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 and the alcohol content ratio detected by the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40 in this way. For example, light fuel is more likely to evaporate at engine start, so the higher the ratio of light fuel to heavy fuel, the lower the fuel injection amount, and the lower the theoretical air-fuel ratio of alcohol, the higher the alcohol content ratio. The fuel injection amount is increased.

  By the way, in the internal combustion engine configured as described above, if an abnormality occurs in the fuel property sensors 39 and 40 and the heavy / light ratio or the alcohol content ratio cannot be accurately detected, appropriate fuel injection from the fuel injection valve 16 is performed. This cannot be performed, and the operating state of the internal combustion engine becomes unstable. In order to prevent such a situation, it is necessary to diagnose whether or not the fuel property sensors 39 and 40 are operating normally, that is, to diagnose the abnormality of the fuel property sensors 39 and 40.

  As an abnormality diagnosis method for such fuel property sensors 39, 40, for example, it is conceivable to use the exhaust air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio sensor 41. Taking the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 as an example, the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 has an abnormality, and the heavy fuel ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 is higher than the actual heavy fuel ratio. If the internal combustion engine is controlled based on the heavy fuel ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 when the engine is started, the exhaust air / fuel ratio becomes richer than the target air / fuel ratio. Conversely, when the heavy fuel ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 is lower than the actual heavy fuel ratio, the heavy fuel detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 at the time of engine start-up. If the internal combustion engine is controlled based on this ratio, the exhaust air-fuel ratio becomes leaner than the target air-fuel ratio. Accordingly, when the exhaust air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio sensor 41 is richer than the target air-fuel ratio, the ratio of the detected heavy fuel is higher than the actual ratio, and when it is lean, the detected heavy fuel is detected. It can be seen that the ratio of is lower than the actual ratio. In either of these cases, the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 cannot accurately detect the heavy fuel ratio, and it can be diagnosed that an abnormality has occurred in the sensor 39.

  However, the alcohol-mixed fuel contains alcohol in addition to the heavy fuel and the light fuel, and the alcohol content ratio detected by the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40 is abnormal because the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40 is abnormal. Even if the ratio is different, the air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio sensor 41 becomes a value different from the target air-fuel ratio. Therefore, even if the exhaust air / fuel ratio detected by the air / fuel ratio sensor 41 is different from the target air / fuel ratio, an abnormality has occurred in the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 or an abnormality has occurred in the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40. I can't judge whether it is.

  Here, the fuel evaporation characteristic of the alcohol-mixed fuel changes near the boiling point of alcohol (78.3 ° C. in the case of ethanol). FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the cooling water temperature and the evaporation rate for a fuel in which alcohol is not mixed and an alcohol-mixed fuel. In the figure, the fuel in which alcohol is not mixed is indicated by a solid line, and the alcohol-mixed fuel is indicated by a broken line. As can be seen from the figure, the alcohol-mixed fuel has a higher evaporation rate in the entire temperature range than the fuel not mixed with alcohol, and in particular, the evaporation rate is higher in the temperature region C in FIG.

  As described above, since the fuel evaporation rate differs depending on the cooling water temperature between the alcohol-mixed fuel and the fuel not mixed with alcohol, the fuel injection amount necessary for setting the air-fuel ratio to the target air-fuel ratio is also cooled. It changes according to the water temperature. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the fuel injection amount and the cooling water temperature necessary for setting the air-fuel ratio for various fuels to the target air-fuel ratio. In the figure, the solid line shows the relationship in the fuel not mixed with alcohol, that is, heavy fuel or light fuel, and the broken line shows the alcohol mixed fuel, that is, fuel mixed with heavy fuel and alcohol or light fuel and alcohol. The relationship in mixed fuel is shown. In the present embodiment, the fuel injection amount is set based on the output values of the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 and the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40 and the map as shown in FIG.

  As can be seen from FIG. 3, both the mixed fuel of heavy fuel and alcohol and the mixed fuel of light fuel and alcohol have a low cooling water temperature (for example, 0 ° C. or lower), that is, the cooling water temperature is in the temperature region A. In some cases, the amount of fuel injection required to bring the air-fuel ratio to the target air-fuel ratio is greater for non-alcohol fuel than for alcohol-mixed fuel. This is because in such a temperature region A, the evaporation rate of the alcohol-mixed fuel is hardly higher than the evaporation rate of the fuel not mixed with alcohol, and the theoretical air-fuel ratio of alcohol is low.

  Further, when the cooling water temperature is in the temperature region B higher than the temperature region A, the fuel injection amount necessary for setting the air-fuel ratio to the target air-fuel ratio is substantially equal between the alcohol-mixed fuel and the fuel not mixed with alcohol. . This is because in such a temperature region B, the evaporation rate of the alcohol-mixed fuel is relatively higher than the evaporation rate of the fuel not mixed with alcohol, and the theoretical air-fuel ratio of the alcohol is low.

  Furthermore, when the cooling water temperature is higher than the temperature range B and in the temperature range including the boiling point of alcohol, that is, in the temperature range C in FIG. 3, the fuel injection amount required to make the air-fuel ratio the target air-fuel ratio is alcohol. There is less unmixed fuel than alcohol blended fuel. This is because in such a temperature region C, the evaporation rate of the alcohol-mixed fuel is extremely higher than the evaporation rate of the fuel not mixed with alcohol, and the theoretical air-fuel ratio of alcohol is low.

  Thus, the relationship between the presence / absence of alcohol mixing and the exhaust air / fuel ratio differs depending on the temperature range of the cooling water temperature. FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C are diagrams showing the relationship between the fuel property and the exhaust air-fuel ratio in the temperature regions A, B, and C when the fuel injection amount is the same.

  As shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, when the fuel injection amount is the same regardless of the temperature range of the cooling water, the ratio of the heavy fuel to the heavy fuel and the light fuel is the same. As the value increases, the exhaust air-fuel ratio becomes leaner. When the cooling water temperature is in the temperature region A, as shown in FIG. 4A, the exhaust air-fuel ratio becomes leaner as the alcohol content ratio in the fuel becomes higher. Therefore, in the temperature region A, the alcohol content ratio in the fuel can be estimated based on the exhaust air / fuel ratio if the heavy / light ratio in the fuel is known.

  When the cooling water temperature is in the temperature region B, as shown in FIG. 4B, the exhaust air-fuel ratio does not change even if the alcohol content ratio in the fuel changes. Therefore, in the temperature region B, the heavy / light ratio can be estimated based on the exhaust air / fuel ratio regardless of the presence or absence of alcohol.

  When the cooling water temperature is in the temperature region C, as shown in FIG. 4C, the exhaust air-fuel ratio becomes richer as the alcohol content ratio in the fuel becomes higher. Therefore, in the temperature region C, if the heavy / light ratio in the fuel is known, the alcohol content ratio in the fuel can be estimated based on the exhaust air / fuel ratio.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the engine temperature is started, the exhaust air / fuel ratio is detected by the air / fuel ratio sensor 41 when the coolant temperature is in the temperature region B, and the heavy / light ratio is estimated based on the detected exhaust air / fuel ratio. If the estimated heavy / light ratio is substantially the same as the heavy / light ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39, it is determined that there is no abnormality in the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39. It is determined that the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 is abnormal. Thereby, even if it is a case where alcohol mixed fuel is used, abnormality of the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 can be diagnosed appropriately.

  If the heavy / light ratio estimated based on the exhaust air / fuel ratio and the heavy / light ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 when the cooling water temperature is in the temperature region B are greatly different, The error of the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 can be estimated from the difference. Therefore, if it is determined that the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 is abnormal, the heavy / light ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 is based on the difference between the estimated heavy / light ratio and the detected heavy / light ratio. The ratio may be corrected. As a result, the actual heavy / light ratio can be estimated using the heavy / light ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39.

  In this embodiment, after the abnormality diagnosis of the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 is performed in this manner, the exhaust air / fuel ratio is detected by the air / fuel ratio sensor 41 when the cooling water temperature is in the temperature region C, and the detected exhaust air / air ratio is detected. The alcohol content ratio is estimated based on the fuel ratio.

  Here, since the abnormality diagnosis of the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 has already been performed, if the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 is not determined to be abnormal, the heavy / light ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 is actually The ratio is heavy. Therefore, when the coolant temperature is in the temperature region C, the abnormality of the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40 is diagnosed based on the heavy / light ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 and the exhaust air / fuel ratio detected by the air / fuel ratio sensor 41. I'm damned.

  For example, when the alcohol content ratio is 0%, the air / fuel ratio sensor 41 detects that the heavy / light ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 is pro1 as shown in FIG. The exhaust air-fuel ratio becomes af1. However, if the exhaust air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio sensor 41 at this time is not af1, for example, if it is af2, the alcohol ratio detection sensor 41 does not accurately indicate the actual value, Therefore, in this embodiment, in such a case, it is determined that the alcohol ratio detection sensor is abnormal. Thereby, even if it is a case where the mixed fuel of heavy fuel, light fuel, and alcohol is used, abnormality of an alcohol ratio detection sensor can be diagnosed appropriately.

  If the alcohol content ratio estimated based on the exhaust air / fuel ratio when the cooling water temperature is in the temperature region C and the alcohol content ratio detected by the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40 are greatly different, the difference between these alcohol content ratios. Therefore, the error of the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40 can be estimated. Therefore, when it is determined that the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40 has an abnormality, the alcohol content ratio detected by the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40 is calculated based on the difference between the estimated alcohol content ratio and the detected alcohol content ratio. You may make it correct | amend. Thereby, the actual alcohol content ratio can be estimated using the alcohol content ratio detected by the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40.

  FIGS. 5 and 6 are flowcharts showing control routines for abnormality diagnosis control of the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 and the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40. The illustrated control routine is performed by interruption at regular time intervals.

  Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, first, in steps S11 to S13, the coolant temperature and the heavy light are respectively detected by the water temperature sensor (not shown) for detecting the engine coolant temperature, the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39, and the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40. The ratio and alcohol content ratio can be detected. Next, in step S14, it is determined whether or not the fuel cap 21 has been opened before the engine is started, that is, whether or not fuel has been supplied into the fuel tank 20. Alternatively, the presence or absence of fuel supply may be determined based on whether or not the amount of fuel in the fuel tank 20 has increased between when the engine was previously stopped by the fuel gauge 43 and when the engine was started this time.

  If it is determined in step S14 that the fuel cap has been opened, that is, fuel has been supplied into the fuel tank 20, the process proceeds to step S15. In step S15, the abnormality diagnosis flag Xdet is set to 1, and the process proceeds to step 16. The abnormality diagnosis flag Xdet is a flag that is set to 1 during the execution of the abnormality diagnosis control and set to 0 when the execution is completed. If it is determined in step S14 that fuel is not being supplied into the fuel tank 20, the process proceeds to step S17, and whether or not the abnormality diagnosis flag Xdet is 1, that is, abnormality diagnosis control is being executed. If it is determined that the abnormality diagnosis control is being executed (Xdet = 1), the process proceeds to step S16. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S17 that the abnormality diagnosis control has ended (Xdet = 0), the control routine is ended.

  Next, in steps S16 and S18, whether or not the cooling water temperature thw detected by the water temperature sensor is between thw1 and thw2 or between thw2 and thw3, that is, the cooling water temperature is in the temperature region B or the temperature region C. It is determined whether or not there is. When it is determined in steps S16 and S18 that the cooling water temperature is not within the temperature region B and the temperature region C, the control routine is ended. On the other hand, if it is determined in steps S16 and S18 that the coolant temperature is within the temperature region B, the process proceeds to step S19. In step S19, the heavy / light diagnostic flag Xgas is set to 1. The heavy / light diagnostic flag Xgas is set to 1 when abnormality diagnosis of the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 is performed, and is set to 0 when abnormality diagnosis of both the sensors 39 and 40 is completed.

  Next, in step S20, it is determined whether or not the exhaust air-fuel ratio is the target air-fuel ratio. If it is determined that the exhaust air-fuel ratio is not the target air-fuel ratio, the process proceeds to steps S21 and S22, where it is determined that there is an abnormality in the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39, and the difference between the exhaust air-fuel ratio and the target air-fuel ratio is obtained. Based on this, a correction coefficient for the heavy / light ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 is calculated.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in steps S16 and S18 that the coolant temperature is within the temperature region C, the process proceeds to step S23. In step S23, the alcohol diagnosis flag Xal is set to 1. The alcohol diagnosis flag Xal is set to 1 when an abnormality diagnosis of the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40 is performed, and is set to 0 when the abnormality diagnosis of both the sensors 39 and 40 is completed.

  Next, in step S24, it is determined whether or not the exhaust air-fuel ratio is the target air-fuel ratio. When it is determined that the exhaust air-fuel ratio is not the target air-fuel ratio, the process proceeds to steps S25 and S26, where it is determined that the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40 is abnormal, and based on the difference between the exhaust air-fuel ratio and the target air-fuel ratio. Thus, a correction coefficient for the alcohol content ratio detected by the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40 is calculated.

  Next, in step S27, it is determined whether or not the heavy / light diagnostic flag Xgas and the alcohol diagnostic flag Xal are both 1. If not, that is, the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 and the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40. If it is determined that the abnormality diagnosis has not been completed, the control routine is terminated. On the other hand, when both flags are 1, that is, when it is determined that the abnormality diagnosis of both sensors 39 and 40 has been completed, the process proceeds to step S28. In step S28, the abnormality diagnosis flag Xdat is set to 0, the heavy / light diagnosis flag Xgas and the alcohol diagnosis flag Xal are set to 0, and the control routine is ended.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the above embodiment, the abnormality diagnosis of the fuel property sensors 39 and 40 is performed based on the exhaust air / fuel ratio detected by the air / fuel ratio sensor 41. However, in this embodiment, the fuel property sensor is based on the ignition timing by the spark plug 3. 39 and 40 are diagnosed.

  Here, in the internal combustion engine of the present embodiment, the ignition timing is advanced or retarded so that the engine speed reaches the target speed when the engine is started. In other words, if the engine speed is lower than the target speed or the increase speed of the engine speed is slow, the ignition timing is advanced, the engine speed is higher than the target speed, or the engine speed is When the rising speed is fast, the ignition timing is retarded.

  Here, as described with reference to FIG. 3, the fuel evaporation rate differs between the alcohol-mixed fuel and the fuel not mixed with alcohol depending on the cooling water temperature. The ignition timing required to achieve the rotational speed also changes according to the coolant temperature. Also in this case, the relationship between the ignition timing and the cooling water temperature necessary for setting the engine speed to the target speed is the same as that shown in FIG.

  FIGS. 7A, 7B and 7C are diagrams showing the relationship between the fuel properties and the ignition timing in the temperature regions A, B and C when the engine speed is the same. As shown in FIGS. 7A to 7C, when the engine speed is the same regardless of the temperature range of the cooling water, the ratio of the heavy fuel to the heavy fuel and the light fuel is the same. The higher the is, the more advanced the ignition timing. This is because as the ratio of heavy fuel increases, the evaporation rate of the fuel decreases and the amount of fuel contributing to combustion decreases.

  When the cooling water temperature is in the temperature region A, as shown in FIG. 7A, the ignition timing is advanced as the alcohol content ratio in the fuel increases. Therefore, in the temperature region A, if the heavy / light ratio in the fuel is known, the alcohol content ratio in the fuel can be estimated based on the ignition timing.

  When the cooling water temperature is in the temperature region B, as shown in FIG. 7B, the ignition timing does not change even if the alcohol content ratio in the fuel changes. Therefore, in the temperature region B, the heavy / light ratio can be estimated based on the ignition timing regardless of the presence or absence of alcohol.

  When the cooling water temperature is in the temperature region C, as shown in FIG. 7C, the ignition timing is retarded as the alcohol content ratio in the fuel increases. Therefore, in the temperature region C, if the heavy / light ratio in the fuel is known, the alcohol content ratio in the fuel can be estimated based on the ignition timing.

  Therefore, in the second embodiment, when the engine is started, the ignition timing by the spark plug 3 is acquired when the coolant temperature is in the temperature region B, and the heavy / light ratio is estimated based on the acquired ignition timing. If the estimated heavy / light ratio is substantially the same as the heavy / light ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39, it is determined that there is no abnormality in the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39. It is determined that the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 is abnormal. Thereby, even if it is a case where alcohol mixed fuel is used, abnormality of the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 can be diagnosed appropriately.

  In the case where the heavy / light ratio estimated based on the ignition timing and the heavy / light ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 when the cooling water temperature is in the temperature region B are greatly different, the same as in the first embodiment. In addition, the error of the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 can be estimated from the difference between the heavy / light ratios.

  In the second embodiment, after performing the abnormality diagnosis of the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 in this manner, the ignition timing by the spark plug 3 is acquired when the coolant temperature is in the temperature region C, and the acquired ignition timing is set to the acquired ignition timing. Based on this, the alcohol content ratio is estimated.

  Here, since the abnormality diagnosis of the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 has already been performed, if the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 is not determined to be abnormal, the heavy / light ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 is actually The ratio is heavy. For this reason, when the cooling water temperature is in the temperature region C, an abnormality of the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40 is diagnosed based on the heavy / light ratio detected by the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 and the ignition timing by the spark plug 3.

  In the case where the alcohol content ratio estimated based on the ignition timing and the alcohol content ratio detected by the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40 when the cooling water temperature is in the temperature region C are greatly different, as in the first embodiment. The error of the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40 can be estimated from the difference between the alcohol content ratios.

  In the above embodiment of the present invention, the abnormality diagnosis of the heavy / light ratio detection sensor 39 and the alcohol ratio detection sensor 40 is performed based on the exhaust air / fuel ratio and the ignition timing. Alternatively, the heavy / light ratio or the alcohol content ratio may be estimated based on the ignition timing.

1 Engine Body 16 Fuel Injection Valve 17 Delivery Pipe 18 Fuel Pipe 19 Fuel Pump 20 Fuel Tank 21 Fuel Cap 30 ECU
39 Heavy / light ratio detection sensor 40 Alcohol ratio detection sensor 41 Air / fuel ratio sensor 43 Fuel gauge 44 Open / close sensor

Claims (8)

In an internal combustion engine that can use heavy fuel, light fuel, alcohol fuel and mixtures thereof as fuel, heavy / light ratio detection means that can detect the ratio of heavy fuel to light fuel and the air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas An internal combustion engine control device for calculating the fuel injection amount so that the air-fuel ratio becomes a target air-fuel ratio based on the heavy / light ratio detection means.
A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine, which diagnoses an abnormality in a heavy / light ratio detection unit based on a difference between a target air-fuel ratio and an air-fuel ratio detected by an air-fuel ratio detection unit when the engine temperature is within a specific temperature range.   The apparatus further comprises alcohol ratio detection means capable of detecting the alcohol content ratio in the fuel, and the control device injects the fuel so that the air-fuel ratio becomes the target air-fuel ratio based on the alcohol ratio detection means in addition to the heavy / light ratio detection means. The abnormality is detected in the alcohol ratio detection means based on the difference between the target air-fuel ratio and the air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio detection means when the engine temperature is outside the specific temperature range. The internal combustion engine control device described.   When the air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio detection means when the engine temperature is within a specific temperature range is leaner than the target air-fuel ratio, the actual ratio of heavy fuel to light fuel is determined by the heavy-light ratio detection means. It is determined that the ratio of heavy fuel is higher than the ratio of detected heavy fuel to light fuel, and the air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio detection means when the engine temperature is within a specific temperature range is the target air-fuel ratio. When it is richer, the actual ratio of heavy fuel to light fuel is determined to be higher than the ratio of heavy fuel to light fuel detected by the heavy / light ratio detection means. Item 3. The control device for an internal combustion engine according to Item 1 or 2.   The difference between the target air-fuel ratio when the engine temperature is within a specific temperature range and the air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio detection means, and the target air-fuel ratio and air-fuel ratio detection when the engine temperature is outside the specific temperature range The control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the calculated fuel injection amount is corrected based on a difference from an air-fuel ratio detected by the means.   5. A fuel replenishment determining means for determining the presence or absence of fuel replenishment is further provided, and abnormality determination of the heavy / light ratio detection means is performed only when the fuel replenishment determining means determines that fuel has been replenished. The control device for an internal combustion engine according to any one of the above. An internal combustion engine that can use heavy fuel, light fuel, alcohol fuel, and a mixture thereof as fuel, is equipped with heavy / light ratio detection means that can detect the ratio of heavy fuel to light fuel, and engine speed is the target In the control device for the internal combustion engine that controls the ignition timing so as to reach the rotational speed,
Based on the heavy / light ratio detection means, an expected ignition timing at which the ignition timing is expected to be calculated is calculated, and a heavy load is calculated based on the difference between the expected ignition timing and the actual ignition timing when the engine temperature is within a specific temperature range. A control device for an internal combustion engine for diagnosing an abnormality in a lightness ratio detection means.   The apparatus further comprises an alcohol ratio detection means capable of detecting an alcohol content ratio in the fuel, and the control device detects an expected ignition timing expected to reach the ignition timing based on the alcohol ratio detection means in addition to the heavy / light ratio detection means. 7. The control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 6, wherein the controller is configured to diagnose an abnormality in the alcohol ratio detection means based on a difference between an expected ignition timing and an actual ignition timing when the engine temperature is outside a specific temperature range. .   When the actual ignition timing is more advanced than the expected ignition timing when the engine temperature is within a specific temperature range, the actual heavy fuel / light fuel ratio is detected by the heavy / light ratio detection means. It is determined that the ratio of heavy fuel is higher than the ratio of quality fuel to light fuel, and the actual ignition timing when the engine temperature is within a specific temperature region is retarded from the expected ignition timing. The internal combustion engine according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the ratio of the heavy fuel to the light fuel is determined to be higher than the ratio of the heavy fuel to the light fuel detected by the heavy / light ratio detection means. Engine control device.

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