JP2010095900A - Excavating tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an excavating tool that enables suitable excavation. <P>SOLUTION: During excavation work in the ground G in which an excavating tool 100 is lowered, the front end face 11a and the collar 11b of a fitting part 11 are brought into a close contact with the lower bottom face 21a and the annular face 21b of a to-be-fitted part 21, respectively, to make it difficult for earth and sand to enter between a tool body 10 and an excavating unit 20. When a lifting work of lifting up the excavation tool 100 is started, a prescribed fluid is discharged from the inside of the excavating tool 100 to the outside thereof through a gap formed between the tool body 10 and the excavating unit 20. This prevents earth and sand from entering between the tool body 10 and the excavating unit 20 to keep the tool body 10 and the excavating unit 20 from being engaged with each other via earth and sand, allowing the excavating unit 20 to be removed easily from the tool body 10. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a drilling tool.

DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART Conventionally, the excavation tool which equips the front-end | tip part of a tool main body with the ring bit provided with the cutting blade so that attachment or detachment is known (for example, refer patent document 1).
This excavation tool is a tool used in the down-the-hole method, and the ring bit can be exchanged when a hole having a different excavation diameter is excavated or when the cutting blade is worn.
JP 2001-40976 A

  However, in the case of the above-mentioned patent document 1, when removing the ring bit from the tool body, if the earth and sand have entered the substantially parallel gap between the ring bit and the tool body, the ring bit and the tool are passed through the earth and sand. There is a problem that the ring bit is difficult to be separated from the tool body, and the ring bit may be difficult to replace.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an excavation tool that enables suitable excavation.

In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is an excavation tool,
A tool body having a mounting portion with a tapered front end, and a first connection recess formed in at least a part of the inclined outer surface of the mounting portion,
An excavation part having a narrow attachment part into which the attachment part is inserted, and a second connection recess formed in at least a part of the inclined inner surface of the attachment part;
In a state where the attachment portion is inserted into the attached portion, a connection member that is inserted into a gap between the first connection recess and the second connection recess,
With
A gap is provided between the inclined outer surface and the inclined inner surface,
Between at least one of the first connection recess and the second connection recess and the connection member, there is a space that forms a part of the gap.
The tool body and the excavation part are provided so as to be capable of relative movement for the space along the insertion direction of the attachment part with respect to the attachment part.

The invention according to claim 2 is the excavation tool according to claim 1,
When moving the tool body in the direction of approaching the excavation part, at least one of the distal end part and the base end part of the attachment part is in close contact with the excavation part,
When the tool main body is moved away from the excavation part, a gap is generated between the distal end part and the base end part and the excavation part.

The invention according to claim 3 is the excavation tool according to claim 1 or 2,
The tool main body is provided with a flow path for supplying a predetermined fluid between the excavation part and the tool main body.

According to the present invention, the excavation tool inserts the tapered attachment portion of the tool body into the narrow attachment portion of the excavation portion, and the second connection recess portion of the attachment portion and the first connection recess portion of the attachment portion are provided. A tool main body and an excavation part are connected by engaging a connection member in the space | gap which opposes.
And, in the excavation tool, for example, a tapered gap extending to the opening side is provided between the inclined outer surface of the attachment portion and the inclined inner surface of the attachment portion, so that the attachment portion is extracted from the attachment portion. When separating the mounted part and the mounting part, the gap between the tool body and the excavation part will be further widened, so even if foreign matter such as earth and sand enters the gap, The excavation part can be easily removed from the tool body without fitting into the gap.
In other words, excavation tools can be easily replaced when excavating a hole with a different excavation diameter or when the excavation part has exceeded its service life limit. Become.
In particular, the tool main body and the excavation part are provided along the insertion direction of the attachment part with respect to the attached part, and are capable of relative movement for the space with the connection member in the gap. It is possible to switch between the close contact and the generation of a gap between the tool body and the excavation part, and the excavation part can be replaced more easily.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of an excavation tool according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the excavation tool 100 connects the tool main body 10, the excavation part 20 as a large-diameter bit detachably attached to the tool main body 10, and the tool main body 10 and the excavation part 20. Connecting member 30 for the purpose.

The tool main body 10 has a tapered attachment portion 11 whose one end is tapered, a tapered inclined outer surface 12 forming an outer surface of the attachment portion 11, and a first connection recess 13 formed on at least a part of the inclined outer surface 12. And have.
A flat distal end surface 11 a is provided at the distal end portion of the attachment portion 11, and a flange portion 11 b is provided at the proximal end portion of the attachment portion 11.
Moreover, the other end in the tool main body 10 is provided with a connecting portion 15 for connecting to the tip of the auger 200 of the auger device, for example, and the mounting portion 11 is provided inside the tool main body 10 from the connecting portion 15 side. A flow path 16 for supplying a predetermined fluid toward the side is provided.

The excavation part 20 is formed on at least a part of the inclined inner surface 22, the tapered attached part 21 into which the attachment part 11 is inserted, the tapered inclined inner surface 22 that forms the inner surface of the attached part 21. And two connection recesses 23. The excavation part 20 is provided with two connection holes 23a penetrating so as to graze the inclined inner surface 22 of the attached part 21, and the portion where the connection hole 23a is exposed to the inclined inner surface 22 is the second connection recess. 23.
A flat lower bottom surface 21 a is provided on the lower bottom portion of the attached portion 21, and an annular surface portion 21 b is provided around the opening of the attached portion 21.
Further, a cutting surface 20a for cutting the ground is provided on the lower surface side that is the back side of the upper surface of the excavated portion 20 where the attached portion 21 is formed, and a plurality of cutting blades (not shown) are provided on the cutting surface 20a. ) Is arranged.
Further, the excavation part 20 has a flow path 26 that is formed so as to communicate with the flow path 16 of the tool body 10 and allows a predetermined fluid supplied from the flow path 16 to pass from the lower bottom surface 21a to the cutting surface 20a side. Is provided.

As shown in FIG. 2, the attachment portion 11 of the tool body 10 has a substantially hexagonal shape in sectional view, and the attached portion 21 of the excavating portion 20 has a substantially hexagonal shape in sectional view. Since the hexagonal shapes are engaged with each other in a state where the attachment portion 11 is inserted into the attached portion 21, the tool body 10 is positioned so as not to be displaced in the rotation direction. It connects so that rotational torque may be transmitted to the excavation part 20. FIG.
The inclined outer surface 12 and the inclined inner surface 22 are adapted to each other so that a predetermined slight gap is provided between the inclined outer surface 12 and the inclined inner surface 22 when the attaching portion 11 is inserted into the attached portion 21. A taper is formed. The taper angle is preferably 20 degrees or less with respect to the axis of the tool body 10.
And in the state where the attachment part 11 was inserted in the to-be-attached part 21, it distribute | arranged so that the 1st connection recessed part 13 and the 2nd connection recessed part 23 may oppose, and the 1st connection recessed part 13 and the 2nd connection recessed part 23, A gap S is formed between the two.

The connection member 30 is engaged with the gap S formed between the first connection recess 13 and the second connection recess 23 through the connection hole 23 a of the excavation part 20. In addition, it is preferable to dispose an elastic body such as an O-ring on both ends of the connection member 30 so as to reduce the impact on the connection member 30.
Since the connection member 30 is engaged with the gap S, the attachment portion 11 does not come out of the attachment portion 21, and the excavation portion 20 is connected to the tool body 10.

Further, in a state where the connection member 30 is engaged with the gap S, a space forming a part of the gap S is formed between at least one of the first connection recess 13 and the second connection recess 23 and the connection member 30. is there.
And the tool main body 10 and the excavation part 20 can be moved relative to the space in the gap S along the insertion direction of the attachment part 11 with respect to the attachment part 21 in a state where the tool body 10 and the excavation part 20 are connected to each other. Is provided.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, when the tool body 10 is lowered in the direction in which the excavation part 20 approaches, the tip surface 11 a and the flange part 11 b of the attachment part 11 are respectively cut into the excavation part 20. It can be moved so as to be in close contact with the lower bottom surface 21a and the ring surface portion 21b of the attached portion 21 in FIG.
At this time, the upper end of the first connection recess 13 and the lower end of the second connection recess 23 are in contact with the connection member 30. A gap S is formed between the lower end side of the first connection recess 13 and the connection member 30 and between the upper end side of the second connection recess 23 and the connection member 30.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, when the tool body 10 is lifted away from the excavation part 20, the tip surface 11 a and the flange part 11 b of the attachment part 11 and the attached part 21 of the excavation part 20 It is movable so that a gap is generated between the lower bottom surface 21a and the annular surface portion 21b.
At this time, the lower end of the first connection recess 13 and the upper end of the second connection recess 23 are in contact with the connection member 30. A gap S is formed between the upper end side of the first connection recess 13 and the connection member 30 and between the lower end side of the second connection recess 23 and the connection member 30.

  As described above, the tool main body 10 and the excavation part 20 can be moved relative to each other in the gap S in a state where the tool main body 10 and the excavation part 20 are connected via the connection member 30, so that the tool main body 10 and the excavation part It is possible to switch between close contact between 20 and the creation of a gap between the tool body 10 and the excavation part 20.

Next, the operation | movement at the time of excavating the ground G using this excavation tool 100 is demonstrated.
First, the connection part 15 of the tool main body 10 in the excavation tool 100 is connected to the tip of the auger 200 of the auger device, for example.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the excavation tool 100 is rotated by the rotation drive of the auger device being transmitted, and the excavation tool 100 is pressed against the ground G with the cutting surface 20 a of the excavation part 20 in the excavation tool 100. , The excavation hole corresponding to the diameter of the excavation part 20 can be excavated in the ground G.

At this time, the excavation part 20 is in contact with the ground G, and the tool main body 10 is brought close to the excavation part 20, so that the flange part 11 b of the attachment part 11 in the tool main body 10 and the attached part in the excavation part 20 Since the ring surface portion 21 b of the portion 21 is in close contact, earth and sand such as rock powder is difficult to enter between the tool body 10 and the excavating portion 20.
In addition, when a predetermined fluid such as air or oil is supplied from the auger device side to the flow path 16 of the tool body 10 during ground excavation, the tip surface 11a of the tool body 10 and the lower bottom surface 21a of the excavation part 20 are brought into close contact with each other. Therefore, the supplied fluid flows out from the flow path 26 of the excavation part 20 through the flow path 16 of the tool body 10, and the cutting powder or rock powder of the ground G is cut by the excavation part 20. It can be poured out so as to be removed from the surface 20a side, and excavation can be preferably continued.

And after excavating a predetermined excavation hole as shown in Drawing 5, excavation tool 100 is raised so that it may be pulled up from the ground via an auger device.
At this time, the excavation part 20 is suspended from the tool main body 10 by its own weight, and the excavation part 20 comes to be separated from the tool main body 10, so that the tip surface 11 a and the flange part 11 b of the attachment part 11 in the tool main body 10 are excavated. A gap is formed between the lower bottom surface 21 a and the ring surface portion 21 b of the attached portion 21 in the portion 20.
In particular, since a predetermined fluid is supplied to the flow path 16 of the tool body 10, the predetermined fluid flowing through the flow path 16 is between the tip surface 11 a of the mounting portion 11 and the lower bottom surface 21 a of the mounted portion 21. And is discharged to the outside of the excavation tool 100 through the gap between the inclined outer surface 12 and the inclined inner surface 22 from between the flange portion 11b of the mounting portion 11 and the annular surface portion 21b of the mounted portion 21. ing.

  That is, when turning from the excavation work for lowering the excavation tool 100 to the lifting operation for raising the excavation tool 100, a gap is generated between the tool body 10 and the excavation part 20, and the inside of the excavation tool 100 is externally transmitted through the gap. Since the fluid is discharged toward the surface, even if there is earth and sand that has entered between the tool body 10 and the excavation part 20, the earth and sand is washed out by the fluid, and between the tool body 10 and the excavation part 20, The earth and sand cannot enter.

And if the connection member 30 is removed from the excavation tool 100 pulled up to the ground, the excavation part 20 can be easily removed from the tool body 10 and separated.
In particular, the gap between the tool main body 10 and the excavation part 20 has a shape that spreads to the opening side of the attached part 21 like a hexagonal frustum side shape, and the attaching part 11 is extracted from the attached part 21. As described above, when the mounted portion 21 and the mounting portion 11 are separated from each other, the gap between the tool body 10 and the excavating portion 20 is widened, so that foreign matters such as earth and sand may enter the gap. However, since the foreign matter does not fit in the gap, the ring bit having a cylindrical side face gap that is substantially parallel to the insertion direction and the tool body do not mesh with each other, The tool body 10 and the excavation part 20 are easily separated.

Thus, during excavation of the ground G for lowering the excavation tool 100, the tip surface 11a and the flange portion 11b of the attachment portion 11 are in close contact with the lower bottom surface 21a and the ring surface portion 21b of the attachment portion 21, respectively. The earth and sand are less likely to enter between the tool body 10 and the excavation part 20, and the inside of the excavation tool 100 is passed through a gap generated between the tool body 10 and the excavation part 20 when turning to a lifting operation for raising the excavation tool 100. Since the fluid is discharged to the outside, it is possible to prevent the earth and sand from entering between the tool body 10 and the excavation part 20, so that the tool body 10 and the excavation part 20 are engaged with each other via the earth and sand. Therefore, the excavation part 20 can be easily detached from the tool body 10 and can be easily replaced with a different excavation part.
Further, when the excavation tool 100 is raised and turned from the excavation work to the pull-up work, a predetermined fluid flows between the tool body 10 and the excavation part 20 to lubricate, thereby preventing seizure due to heat generated during excavation. Can be deterred.
Therefore, it becomes possible to perform suitable excavation using this excavation tool 100.

Then, the excavation tool 101 can be obtained by mounting the excavation unit 40 for excavating a hole having an excavation diameter different from that of the excavation unit 20 on the tool body 10.
As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the excavation tool 101 connects the tool body 10, the excavation part 40 as a small-diameter bit that is detachably attached to the tool body 10, and the tool body 10 and the excavation part 40. Connecting member 30.

The excavation part 40 is formed on at least a part of the inclined inner surface 42, the tapered attached part 41 into which the attachment part 11 is inserted, the tapered inclined inner surface 42 that forms the inner surface of the attached part 41. Two connection recesses 43. Further, the excavation part 40 is provided with two connection holes 43a penetrating so as to graze the inclined inner surface 42 of the mounted part 41, and the portion where the connection hole 43a is exposed to the inclined inner surface 42 is the second connection recess. 43.
A flat lower bottom surface 41 a is provided at the bottom of the attached portion 41, and an annular surface portion 41 b is provided around the opening of the attached portion 41.
Moreover, the cutting surface 40a which cuts the ground is provided in the lower surface side with respect to the upper surface in which the to-be-attached part 41 is formed in the excavation part 40, The some cutting blade (illustration omitted) is arrange | positioned at the cutting surface 40a. Has been.
Further, the excavation part 40 is formed so as to communicate with the flow path 16 of the tool body 10, and a flow path 46 that allows a predetermined fluid supplied from the flow path 16 to pass from the lower bottom surface 41 a to the cutting surface 40 a side. Is provided.
The configuration and functions of the excavation unit 40 are the same as those of the excavation unit 20 except that the diameter and size of the excavation unit are different, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted. Excavation tool 101 also has the same configuration and functions as excavation tool 100 described above except that the excavation diameter is different, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.

As described above, the excavation tool 100 according to the present invention easily removes the excavation part 20 from the tool main body 10, and by exchanging the excavation part 40 to the tool main body 10, the excavation tool 101 for different excavation diameters can be easily obtained. Therefore, suitable excavation can be performed according to the excavation tools 100 and 101, respectively.
For example, after the prior excavation by the excavating tool 100 including the excavating part 20 that is a large-diameter bit, the pile material is press-fitted using the excavating tool 101 including the excavating part 40 that is a small-diameter bit. And suitable excavation can be performed in each step.

  Moreover, excavation part can also be replaced | exchanged easily, when the wear limit of a cutting blade arises and the durable limit of an excavation part is exceeded.

  In addition, in the above embodiment, although the attachment part 11 of the tool main body 10 and the to-be-attached part 21 of the excavation part 20 each exhibited cross-sectional substantially hexagonal shape, this invention is limited to this. Instead, as long as positioning and transmission of rotational torque are possible, it may be a polygonal shape such as a substantially triangular shape or a substantially rectangular shape, a key structure, a spline type, a star shape, an elliptical shape, a daruma shape, or the like.

  Further, in the above embodiment, when the excavation tool 100 is lowered with respect to the ground G, both the front end surface 11a and the flange portion 11b of the attachment portion 11 are placed on the lower bottom surface 21a and the annular surface portion 21b of the attachment portion 21. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and either the front end surface 11a or the flange portion 11b of the attachment portion 11 is either the lower bottom surface 21a or the annular surface portion 21b of the attachment portion 21. As long as they are close.

  In addition, it is needless to say that other specific detailed structures can be appropriately changed.

It is the side view (a) which shows the excavation tool which concerns on this invention, and the bottom view (b) which shows the excavation tool from the arrow B direction in the figure. It is a cross-sectional view in the II-II line of Fig.1 (a). It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an excavation tool, and is explanatory drawing regarding the time (a) at the time of a tool main body and excavation part closely_contact | adhering, and (b) at the time of separation | spacing. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which the excavation tool descends and excavates the ground. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state from which an excavation tool is raised and extracted from underground. It is the side view (a) which shows the excavation tool which concerns on this invention, and the bottom view (b) which shows the excavation tool from the arrow B direction in the figure. It is a cross-sectional view in the VII-VII line of Fig.6 (a). It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an excavation tool, and is explanatory drawing regarding the time (a) at the time of a tool main body and excavation part closely_contact | adhering, and (b) at the time of separation | spacing.

Explanation of symbols

10 Tool body 11 Mounting portion 11a Tip surface (tip)
11b collar (base end)
12 Inclined outer surface 13 First connecting recess 20, 40 Excavated portion 20a, 40a Cutting surface 21, 41 Mounted portion 21a, 41a Lower bottom surface 21b, 41b Annular surface 22, 42 Inclined inner surface 23, 43 Second connecting recess 23a, 43a Connection Hole 30 Connection member 100, 101 Excavation tool S Gap G Ground

Claims (3)

A tool body having a mounting portion with a tapered front end, and a first connection recess formed in at least a part of the inclined outer surface of the mounting portion,
An excavation part having a narrow attachment part into which the attachment part is inserted, and a second connection recess formed in at least a part of the inclined inner surface of the attachment part;
In a state where the attachment portion is inserted into the attached portion, a connection member that is inserted into a gap between the first connection recess and the second connection recess,
With
A gap is provided between the inclined outer surface and the inclined inner surface,
Between at least one of the first connection recess and the second connection recess and the connection member, there is a space that forms a part of the gap.
The excavation tool, wherein the tool body and the excavation part are provided so as to be able to move relative to the space along the insertion direction of the attachment part with respect to the attachment part. When moving the tool body in the direction of approaching the excavation part, at least one of the distal end part and the base end part of the attachment part is in close contact with the excavation part,
2. The excavation tool according to claim 1, wherein when the tool main body is moved away from the excavation portion, a gap is generated between the distal end portion and the base end portion and the excavation portion.   The excavation tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool main body is provided with a flow path for supplying a predetermined fluid between the excavation part and the tool main body.

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