JP2010064570A - Ventilation path opening/closing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ventilation path opening/closing device capable of smoothly executing the opening/closing operation and reliably preventing propagation of the differential pressure in a ventilation path even when the atmospheric pressure is fluctuated even when the device is used in a place where unexpected differential pressure is generated such as a ventilation path for ventilation of a railroad vehicle which is driven at a high speed. <P>SOLUTION: The ventilation path opening/closing device includes a first ventilation port 2 and a second ventilation port 3 which are interposed in a ventilation path 1 and arranged facing each other separately in the air-passing direction, a casing 4 having a storage part 4a formed in the direction across the air-passing direction between the first and second ventilation ports, a closing piece 5 which is stored in the storage part so as to form a space G with respect to an inner surface 4b of the casing, and movable between the first position at which the first and second ventilation ports are opened, and the second position at which the first or second ventilation port can be closed, and an electromagnetic driving means 6 which is provided between the closing piece and the casing to move the closing piece from one of the first and second positions to the other when the conduction is achieved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilation path opening / closing device that can be preferably used for opening / closing a ventilation ventilation path in a ventilation device of a high-speed railway vehicle.

  As a conventional ventilation path opening / closing device, a closing means provided in a ventilation duct for opening and closing an air flow path of the ventilation duct, a driving means for moving the closing means from an open state to a closing state, and a ventilation duct A movable airflow sensing element that is arranged in the interior and operates according to the degree of the ventilation airflow to detect when the ventilation airflow reaches a set threshold value, and a starter connected to the drive means. A vehicle ventilator comprising starter means arranged to cause the drive means to operate the shutoff means to a shutoff condition when the movable airflow sensing element reaches a set threshold value of the ventilation airflow. Yes (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP-A-5-58286 (5th page, FIG. 1, FIG. 4, FIG. 6)

  However, in the conventional ventilation path opening and closing device as described above, a laminar gap is provided between the two cutoff plates in order to prevent frictional contact between the movable cutoff plate and the fixed cutoff plate constituting the cutoff means. When such a ventilation path opening / closing device is used as a ventilation path for a railway vehicle operated at high speed, the pressure fluctuation may propagate from the gap to the inside of the vehicle in a tunnel with a large pressure fluctuation outside the vehicle. When a negative pressure is applied to the type cutting plate side, the gap is further expanded due to a pressure difference, and it is difficult to prevent propagation of pressure fluctuations into the vehicle. Furthermore, there is a problem that high-frequency wind noise is generated by the air passing through the slight gap, which may cause discomfort to the passengers. In addition, if an airtight material is provided as a means for closing the gap, the frictional force is generated when moving, and the opening / closing operation is slowed to propagate the pressure fluctuation outside the vehicle. Before closing, the closing operation of the cutoff plate could not be completed, and there was a problem that the pressure fluctuation propagated into the vehicle.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and its purpose is used in places where unexpected differential pressure occurs, such as ventilation passages for railway vehicles operating at high speed. In such a case, it is an object of the present invention to provide a ventilation path opening / closing device that can smoothly prevent the differential pressure from propagating through the ventilation path even if the opening / closing operation is smooth and pressure fluctuations occur.

  A ventilation path opening and closing device according to the present invention is provided in a ventilation path, and is provided with a first ventilation opening, a second ventilation opening, and the first and second ventilation openings that are spaced apart from each other in the ventilation direction. A housing having a housing portion formed in a direction intersecting the ventilation direction between the mouths, and being housed in the housing portion so as to have a gap with respect to the inner surface of the housing, the first and second An obturator that can move between a first position that opens the vent and a second position that can block the first or second vent, and is provided between the obturator and the housing. Electromagnetic drive means for moving the obturator from one of the first position and the second position to the other when energized is provided.

  In the ventilation path opening and closing device of the present invention, the obturator accommodated so as to have a gap with respect to the inner surface of the housing is moved between the first and second positions. Smooth. In addition, by providing a gap between the obturator and the inner surface of the housing, the obturator is in the second position in the direction of the differential pressure generated between the first and second ventilation ports. Is pressed against the first ventilation port or the second ventilation port, and the ventilation port is closed in the pressed direction to ensure airtightness, so that the differential pressure can be reliably prevented from propagating through the ventilation path.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 to 5 are diagrams for conceptually explaining the ventilation path opening / closing device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view showing the configuration of the ventilation path opening / closing device, and FIG. Fig. 3 is a side cross-sectional view taken along line II-II, Fig. 3 is a side cross-sectional view showing a state in which the device of Fig. 2 is attached to a ventilation path such as a duct of a ventilation device of a high-speed railway vehicle, and FIG. In the figure, the ventilation path opening / closing device is interposed in the ventilation path 1 (FIG. 5) constituting the ventilation device not shown in detail, and is opened on the one side (left side) 1A of the ventilation path 1. A first ventilation port 2 and a second ventilation port 3 which is disposed opposite to and spaced from the first ventilation port 2 and communicates with the first ventilation port 2 opened on the other side 1B of the ventilation path 1. The hollow housing 4 and the housing portion 4a formed of the internal space of the housing 4 are accommodated with a gap G around the inner surface 4b of the housing, and the first and second ventilations 1st position which opens the opening | mouths 2 and 3 (position of FIGS. 1-3), and 2nd position which can block | close the 1st or 2nd ventilation openings 2 and 3 (position of FIG. 4, FIG. 5) Between the obturator 5 that can move up and down, the permanent magnet 61 fixed to the bottom surface of the obturator 5, and the bottom 4 c of the housing 4. Can be configured with an electromagnetic driving means 6 comprising the obturator 5 by the repulsive force of the permanent magnet 61 from the electromagnet 62 to move from the first position to the second position.

  In this example, the casing 4 includes two perforated plates 41 and 42 which are symmetrically arranged so that the holes constituting the first and second ventilation ports 2 and 3 are opposed to each other. The perforated plates 41 and 42 are each formed of a surrounding member 43 that closes the periphery of the end portion of each of the perforated plates 41 and 42 without gaps, and is formed in a rectangular tube shape. The material used for the perforated plates 41 and 42 and the enclosing member 43 is not particularly limited as long as it has a certain rigidity and strength and can be processed. Examples of materials that can be preferably used include metal materials, plastic materials, and composite materials. In particular, an aluminum alloy is preferable because it has excellent specific strength and specific rigidity, and the resulting ventilation path opening / closing device can be reduced in weight. In addition, specific examples of aluminum alloys that can be preferably used include, for example, general 5000 series and 6000 series having high strength and corrosion resistance, and 7000 which does not contain copper when higher corrosion resistance and higher strength are required. The number system can be used, and if corrosion resistance is not required, the number 2000 system having particularly high strength can be used.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the casing 4 is attached to the mounting seat 12 in the duct 11 so as to partition the ventilation path 1 with the inner surface 4 b being substantially vertical, and the first and second perforated plates 41 and 42. Ventilation is impossible from other than the vents 2 and 3. In a state where the electromagnet 62 is not energized, the obturator 5 falls by its own weight to the bottom of the housing portion 4a of the housing 4 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the first and second ventilation ports 2, 3 Is in the first position. When the electromagnet 62 is energized, the repelling force with the permanent magnet 61 causes the obturator 5 to float to the second position where the first or second vent hole 2 or 3 can be blocked. In addition, when the housing | casing 4 is a magnetic body, as a material of the said obturator 5, a nonmagnetic body is used preferably. This is to prevent the obturator 5 body from becoming a magnet by the permanent magnet 62 and inadvertently attaching to the perforated plate 41 or 42 or the enclosure member 43. Further, one side 1A of the ventilation path 1 is, for example, a vehicle interior side, and the other side 1B of the ventilation path 1 is a vehicle exterior side, a pressure sensor on the vehicle interior side and the vehicle exterior side, and a pressure difference detection means outside the vehicle interior. The control means for energizing the electromagnet 62 when the detected pressure difference exceeds a predetermined value is a part where, for example, a known conventional technique can be used, and thus illustration and detailed description thereof are omitted. .

Next, the operation of the first embodiment configured as described above will be described. In FIG. 3, the obturator 5 is in the first position at the bottom of the housing 4, and the wind can freely pass through the ventilation path 1 by opening the first and second ventilation ports 2 and 3. Indicates the state. On the other hand, in FIGS. 4 and 5, the electromagnet 62 is urged by the control means (not shown), and the second position where the obturator 5 is moved to the upper part of the housing 4 by the repulsive force with the permanent magnet 61. 4 shows that the obturator 5 as an on-off valve is pressed against the first ventilation port 2 of the perforated plate 41 when the air pressure in the ventilation channel 1 is P _A <P _B. FIG. 5 shows the closed state, and FIG. 5 shows that the obturator 5 as the on-off valve is the second of the perforated plate 42 when the pressure of the air in the ventilation path 1 is P _A > P _B as opposed to FIG. A state in which the ventilation path 1 is closed by being pressed against the ventilation opening 3 is shown. Incidentally, _{P A} is pressure on one side 1A of the ventilation passage 1 (Pa), _{P B} represents pressure on the other side 1B of the air passage 1 (Pa), respectively.

  First, the control means (not shown) monitors the pressure difference inside and outside the vehicle interior.For example, when the train such as the Shinkansen runs on the plain at high speed, the pressure difference inside and outside the vehicle interior During the period below the predetermined value, the electromagnet 62 is not energized, and the obturator 5 is in the first position where the first and second ventilation openings 2 and 3 are opened as shown in FIG. The wind that is opened and urged by a ventilation fan (not shown) can freely pass through the ventilation path 1. On the other hand, when passing through a tunnel, when the pressure difference between the vehicle interior and exterior becomes large, or when the pressure difference is predicted to increase from the current position of the vehicle, the illustration is omitted to prevent passengers' discomfort. The electromagnet 62 is energized by the control means, and repels the permanent magnet 61 and floats to the second position where the obturator 5 closes between the first and second vent holes 2 and 3.

Then, since it has a gap G around between the inner surface 4b is obturator 5, since it is pivotable ventilating direction, one of the air passage 1 pressure (figure left) side 1A P _{A (Pa)} 4 and the pressure P _A -P _B between the air pressure P _B (Pa) on the other side 1B of the ventilation path 1, the obturator 5 has the first perforated plate 41 on the left side of the figure as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the lid 5 is in contact with the inside of the second ventilation port 3 of the right side perforated plate 42 as shown in FIG. 5, and the obturator 5 further has its differential pressure P _A −. Since it is pressed against the perforated plate 41 or 42 by P _B , the first or second ventilation port 2, 3 is closed without any gap, and the ventilation path shown in FIG. 4 or 5 is blocked. Incidentally, when the obturator 5 shown in FIG. 4 in air passage switching device in a state in which block the air passage 1, the pressure of the air in the air passage 1 is changed from _{<P B} P _A> P _A to P _B is The obturator 5 moved toward the opposite perforated plate 42 by the differential pressure P _A -P _B and contacted, and the second vent 3 of the perforated plate 42 was covered with the obturator 5. It becomes like this. Furthermore, since the obturator 5 is pressed against the opening plate 42 hole by the differential pressure P _A -P _B, to close the gap without air passage 1, the state shown in FIG.

When the differential pressure P _A -P _B falls below a predetermined value due to, for example, a train passing through a tunnel, the energization of the electromagnet 62 is interrupted by the control means (not shown), and the obturator 5 Then, the first and second ventilation openings 2 and 3 of the perforated plates 41 and 42 are moved to a first position facing each other without inclusions, so that the ventilation path 1 is opened.
In addition, since the ventilation path opening / closing device of the first embodiment is formed symmetrically with respect to the ventilation direction as shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle interior side and the vehicle interior outside are attached in reverse to the first embodiment. Alternatively, it may be installed in the direction of either the upstream side or the downstream side of the ventilation path. In addition, the case where the casing 4 is formed in a rectangular cylindrical shape has been described, but it is needless to say that the casing 4 is not limited to this. For example, the casing 4 has a polygonal shape including a triangle, a trapezoidal cylindrical shape, a cylindrical shape, or the like. It can be configured. In that case, the shape of the obturator 5 may be the one having a gap G with the inner surface in the same manner as in the first embodiment in accordance with the shape and dimensions of the hollow portion of the housing 4, in addition, It can also comprise in the part into which the ventilation path 1 was bent.

  Further, for example, a ventilation path opening / closing device is arranged in series between the joints of the ducts constituting the ventilation path 1, or a part of the housing 4 constitutes the ventilation path 1. A part of the duct 11 may also be used. Further, in order to avoid the portion of the housing 4 containing the obturator 5 from interfering with the ventilation, the housing 4 is configured such that a part of the housing 4 is positioned outside the ventilation path 1. The effective cross-sectional area of the second ventilation openings 2 and 3 can be made close to the ventilation cross-sectional area of the air passage 1 or can be configured substantially the same. Moreover, the permanent magnet 61 is fixed to the obturator 5 as the electromagnetic drive means 6, and the electromagnet 62 is provided on the bottom 4 c of the housing portion 4 a of the housing 4. Although the case where it is configured to fall by gravity sometimes has been described, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a suction force may be used to move the obturator 5 or an elastic material such as a spring spring may be used. good. Furthermore, although it was made to move in the vertical direction, for example, by providing permanent magnets so as to repel each other between the inner surface of the housing 4 and the outer peripheral surface of the obturator 5, horizontal or oblique directions, etc. It can also be configured to move to any angle.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, the obturator 5 that is movable during the opening / closing operation has the gap G between the inner surface 4 b of the housing 4 and energizes the electromagnet 62 to energize the obturator. 5 is lifted by a repulsive force generated between the permanent magnet 61 and the permanent magnet 61 attached to the bottom of the No. 5, there is no place to slide with other members, and the moving speed during the opening / closing operation is fast and smooth. Further, when the aircraft floats up to the second position facing the first and second ventilation openings 2 and 3, the gap G is provided between the inner surface 4 b of the housing 4, so that the ventilation direction can be freely set. The first or second vent hole provided in the perforated plate 41 or 42, which is swingable and is pressed substantially perpendicularly to either the left or right perforated plate 41 or 42 by the differential pressure in the ventilation path 1. Since 2 or 3 is closed, the ventilation path 1 as a ventilation air path can be closed without a gap, and airtightness between the upstream side and the downstream side of the ventilation path opening / closing device can be secured, and one of the ventilation path opening / closing devices can be secured. It is possible to reliably prevent the pressure fluctuation on the side from propagating to the other side.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
6 and 7 are diagrams for conceptually explaining the ventilation path opening and closing device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a front view, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. It is. Note that the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the drawings. As shown in the figure, the ventilation path opening and closing device of the second embodiment opens and closes the ventilation path composed of the first and second ventilation ports 2 and 3, the obturator 5 and the electromagnetic driving means 6 in the first embodiment. A plurality of (six in this example) opening / closing mechanisms are provided. That is, one first perforated plate 41 constituting the housing 4 is provided with six first vent holes 21, 22,..., 26, and the same corresponding to the other perforated plate 42 opposed thereto. , 36 are formed, and three layers are formed in the vertical direction and two rows in the horizontal direction as viewed from the front of FIG.

  Between the two perforated plates 41 and 42 having the same structure, there is a surrounding member 43 that covers the peripheries of the perforated plates 41 and 42 without any gaps, and ventilation that is adjacent to the top and bottom and left and right in the figure. A plurality of shielding plates 44 for partitioning the mouths are provided. The six accommodating portions 4a partitioned by the shielding plate 44 are respectively provided with an obturator 5 having a permanent magnet 61 fixed to the bottom and an electromagnet 62 for moving the obturator 5 as in the first embodiment. ing. The shielding plate 44 prevents the magnetic force generated by the electromagnet 62 and the permanent magnet 61 provided in each of the six sets of opening / closing mechanisms from affecting each other, and is made of a non-magnetic material. Is preferably applied. The ventilation path opening / closing device having the above-described configuration is interposed in the same manner as in the first embodiment in the ventilation path connecting the interior and exterior of the train ventilation device. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

  In the second embodiment configured as described above, when a differential pressure is generated on one side and the other side of the ventilation path 1 (FIG. 3) with respect to the ventilation path opening and closing device, the same as in the first embodiment. For example, the six electromagnets 62 are controlled so as to be energized all at once to move the obturator 5 from the first position to the second position. .., 26, or the second vent holes 31, 32,..., 36 of the other perforated plate 42 are closed so as to be pressed against each other. All the ventilation openings are closed and the ventilation path 1 is closed. The operation when the direction of the differential pressure changes, the operation when the differential pressure drops below a predetermined value, and the modification are the same as in the first embodiment.

  According to the second embodiment configured as described above, since the first and second ventilation openings are configured by a plurality of holes, the hole shape for obtaining the same opening area as in the first embodiment is reduced. Thus, the obturator 5 can also be reduced in size and weight, and the repulsive force generated by the electromagnet 62 that floats the obturator 5 can be reduced. For this reason, it becomes possible to form the ventilation path opening / closing apparatus which has a required opening area according to the capability of an electromagnet.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 8 is a side sectional view conceptually showing the ventilation path opening and closing device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In the drawing, a flexible material 7 is provided on each surface of the obturator 5 facing the perforated plates 41 and 42. The flexible material 7 is a material that can be elastically deformed and adhered when the obturator 5 is pressed against the perforated plate 41 or 42 to prevent air leakage from the first or second ventilation ports 2 and 3. If it is, it will not specifically limit. Examples of the flexible material 7 that is preferably used include a rubber material. When both the perforated plates 41 and 42 are made of an aluminum alloy, if a rubber material is used for the flexible member 7, the flexible member 7 is pressed when the obturator 5 is pressed against the periphery of the first or second ventilation ports 2 and 3. Is flexible with respect to the aluminum alloy, so that the first or second ventilation openings 2 and 3 can be closed without a sufficient gap and airtightness can be secured. As an example of the rubber material, for example, chloroprene rubber, silicone rubber, fluorine rubber, and the like that are excellent in heat resistance and weather resistance are suitable in consideration of the environment in which the railway vehicle travels. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  In the third embodiment configured as described above, the flexible member 7 is provided on the surface facing the perforated plates 41 and 42 of the obturator 5 in addition to the same effects as the first embodiment. As a result, the impact when the obturator 5 abuts against the perforated plate 41 or 42 due to the differential pressure of the ventilation path after the obstruction 5 has moved to the second position facing the first and second ventilation openings 2 and 3 is mitigated. The impact sound can be reduced. Further, even if the perforated plate 41 or 42 has a deformation such as a curve, the flexible material 7 is crushed according to the deformation of the perforated plate 41 or 42 to close the gap, thereby reliably blocking the ventilation path. And the sealing performance is further improved. For this reason, further effects such as easy absorption of processing errors in the processing steps and easy manufacture can be obtained.

In addition, although the said flexible material 7 was provided in the side part of the obturator 5, it may also be provided in the inner surface 4a side of the housing | casing 4. FIG.
In the above first to third embodiments, the case where the present invention is used for a ventilation device for a high-speed railway vehicle has been described, but the application of the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto.

The front view which shows notionally the structure of the ventilation path opening / closing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1. Side surface sectional drawing which shows notionally the state which attached the apparatus of FIG. 2 to ventilation paths, such as a duct of the ventilation apparatus of a high-speed rail vehicle. Sectional drawing which shows notionally the state which closed the 1st ventilation port of the left-hand perforated board of the figure by the pressure difference in a ventilation path after the obturator shown in FIG. 3 moved to the 2nd position. Sectional drawing which shows notionally the state which closed the 2nd ventilation opening of the perforated board of the right side of a figure with the pressure difference in a ventilation path after the obturator shown in FIG. 3 moved to the 2nd position. The front view which shows notionally the ventilation path opening / closing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. 6. Side surface sectional drawing which shows notionally the ventilation path opening / closing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ventilation path, 11 Duct, 12 Mounting seat, 2, 21, 22, ..., 26 1st ventilation port, 3, 31, 32, ..., 36 2nd ventilation port, 4 Housing | casing 4a housing part, 4b inner surface, 4c bottom part, 41, 42 perforated plate, 43 enclosing member, 44 shielding plate, 5 obturator, 6 electromagnetic drive means, 61 permanent magnet, 62 electromagnet, 7 flexible material, G gap.

Claims (7)

  A first ventilation port and a second ventilation port that are interposed in the ventilation path and are arranged opposite to each other in the ventilation direction, and a direction intersecting the ventilation direction between the first and second ventilation ports. A housing having a housing portion formed on the housing, and a first position where the housing portion is housed so as to have a gap with respect to the inner surface of the housing, and the first and second ventilation openings are opened, And an obturator that can move between a second position that can block the first or second vent hole, and the obturator that is provided between the obturator and the casing when energized. An airflow path opening and closing device comprising: an electromagnetic driving means for moving from one of the first position and the second position to the other.   The ventilation path opening and closing device according to claim 1, wherein the casing is formed of a polygonal cylindrical body provided in a vertical direction.   The cylindrical body is provided with a hole as the vent hole, and is composed of two perforated plates that are spaced apart from each other and an enclosing member that closes the end portions of the two perforated plates without gaps. The ventilation path opening and closing device according to claim 2.   The obturator is pressed against either the first ventilation port or the second ventilation port by a differential pressure between one side and the other side of the ventilation path at the second position. The ventilation path opening and closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The electromagnetic driving means includes a permanent magnet provided on the obturator and an electromagnet that moves the obturator from the first position to the second position by a repulsive force between the permanent magnet provided on the casing and the permanent magnet. The ventilation path opening and closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein   The said housing | casing is equipped with two or more opening-closing mechanisms which consist of the said 1st ventilation hole, the said 2nd ventilation hole, the said obstruction | occlusion, and the said electromagnetic drive means. The ventilation path opening and closing device according to any one of the above.   The ventilation path opening and closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a flexible material is provided on an inner surface of the casing or a side surface of the obturator.

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