JP2010059297A - Particulate matter-coarsening agent to be added to coal, and coarsening method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a particulate matter-coarsening agent to be added to coal and a coarsening method by which particulate matter (PM) discharged during combustion of coal is coarsened and collected to reduce the amount of emission of PM having an adverse effect on the human body to the atmosphere. <P>SOLUTION: The particulate matter-coarsening agent to be added to coal includes an Mg compound, a Ca compound, an Fe compound, an Al compound, or an Si compound as a main component. The particulate matter-coarsening agent to be added to coal preferably contains the main component in an amount of 70 mass% or more based on the total amount of the coarsening agent. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention is to coarsen particulate matter (Particulate Matter, hereinafter referred to as “PM”) discharged during combustion of coal, and to reduce the amount of PM discharged into the atmosphere that adversely affects the human body. The present invention relates to a particulate material coarsening agent for coal addition and a coarsening method.

In thermal power plants and the like, when burning fossil fuels coal and oil or the like for use as a power source, with the combustion, carbon dioxide (CO ₂₎ and sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), PM etc. Various substances are discharged.
Among them, PM is known to deposit in the back of airways such as alveoli, cause asthma and bronchitis, and adversely affect the human body, and is regarded as a problem from the viewpoint of environmental conservation.

In order to reduce PM discharged when fuel oil is burned in an internal combustion engine or the like, particularly PM in exhaust gas from a diesel engine, an alkaline earth metal salt having a thermal decomposition start temperature of 200 ° C. or higher is added to the fuel oil. An added fuel oil composition (Patent Document 1) has been proposed.
In addition, a fuel oil additive (Patent Document 2) composed of an alkaline earth metal complex for reducing PM in exhaust gas from a diesel engine, a catalyst containing a composite oxide of an alkali metal oxide and iron oxide (patent) Document 3) has also been proposed.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-302686 JP 2005-225966 A JP 2007-1330934 A

By the way, when not only combustion oil but also coal etc. is burned in the furnace, it is contained in solid fuel, unreacted char particles after release of volatile components, soot derived from volatile components of solid fuel based on the properties of the fuel in the high temperature process Mineral particles and fine particles (ash) deposited in the vapor phase are generated.
It is known that when these fine particles are discharged into the atmosphere, the human body is affected in the same manner as PM discharged when fuel oil or the like is burned.
However, as described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, although various additives and the like for reducing PM from exhaust gas combusted with fuel oil have been proposed, PM from exhaust gas combusted with coal is proposed. At present, there have been almost no proposals for additives or the like that reduce the amount of odor.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and its object is to add coal that suppresses particulate matter discharged into the atmosphere when coal is burned. An object of the present invention is to provide a particulate material coarsening agent and a coarsening method.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have studied the components of various particulate substances generated in the combustion process of coal, and as a result, added specific inorganic compounds to the coal to produce them during combustion. The present invention has been completed by finding that the above-mentioned object can be achieved by coarsening the granular material.

  That is, the particulate material coarsening agent for coal addition of the present invention is characterized by containing a Mg compound, Ca compound, Fe compound, Al compound or Si compound as a main component. It is preferable that the particulate coarsening agent for coal addition contains 70% by mass or more of the main component compound with respect to the total amount of the coarsening agent.

  The particulate material coarsening agent for coal addition of the present invention is preferably added to coal as powder, dissolved or dispersed in water and added to coal, or added to the coal combustion atmosphere.

According to the present invention, by adding a particulate matter coarsening agent to coal, the particulate matter (PM) having various particle sizes and components discharged during the combustion process of coal is coarsened and reliably obtained. Since it can be collected, the amount of PM discharged into the atmosphere can be suppressed.
Further, the particulate matter coarsening agent of the present invention can be added to coal even in powder form, dissolved or dispersed in water, and further added to the coal combustion atmosphere in the furnace. Therefore, the coarsening agent can be easily used without requiring a complicated process.

  Hereinafter, the particulate matter coarsening agent and the coarsening method for coal addition of the present invention will be described. In the present specification, “%” means mass percentage unless otherwise specified.

The particulate material coarsening agent for coal addition of the present invention contains an Mg-based compound, Ca-based compound, Fe-based compound, Al-based compound or Si-based compound as a main component. The “main component” as used herein means one containing 70% or more of one kind of compound selected from the above inorganic compounds with respect to the total amount of the coarsening agent.
For example, when a slurry is formed by adding 30% of the coal-added particulate matter coarsening agent to 70% of water, the total amount (30%) of the coal-added particulate matter coarsening agent added to the slurry On the other hand, one type of compound selected from the inorganic compounds is 70% (that is, one type of compound selected from the inorganic compounds in the slurry is 21% (0.3 × 0.7 × 100 = 21)) What is necessary is just to contain.

In the particulate material coarsening agent for coal addition, the compound as the main component is preferably contained in an amount of 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, and still more preferably 90% or more based on the total amount of the coarsening agent.
When the content of the main component compound is less than 70% with respect to the total amount of the coarsening agent, various particle sizes discharged in the coal combustion process and PM having various components may be coarsened. difficult.
In addition, the particulate material coarsening agent for coal addition may consist of 100% of one kind of inorganic compound among Mg compound, Ca compound, Fe compound, Al compound or Si compound. .

  The particulate material coarsening agent for coal addition may contain an inorganic compound other than the main component as long as it contains one of the inorganic compounds as a main component. Moreover, as will be described later, a compound containing two kinds of inorganic elements such as talc may be used.

  As the Mg-based compound, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, basic magnesium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium hydrogen sulfate, magnesium sulfite, magnesium thiosulfate, magnesium ammonium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, magnesium nitrite, magnesium phosphate, Magnesium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium pyrophosphate, magnesium phosphite, magnesium hydrogen phosphite, magnesium hypophosphite, magnesium ammonium phosphate, magnesium orthosilicate, magnesium metasilicate, magnesium tetrasilicate, Talc, magnesium trisilicate, magnesium calcium orthosilicate, magnesium calcium orthosilicate, magnesium calcium metasilicate, acetic acid At least one Mg-based compound selected from the group consisting of gnesium, magnesium citrate, magnesium oxalate, magnesium benzoate, magnesium formate, magnesium tartrate, magnesium hydrogen tartrate, magnesium succinate, magnesium lactate, and magnesium gluconate It is preferable to contain.

  As the Ca-based compound, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, calcium hydrogen sulfate, calcium sulfite, calcium hydrogen sulfite, calcium thiosulfate, calcium nitrate, calcium nitrite, calcium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid Calcium dihydrogen, calcium biperphosphate, calcium pyrophosphate, calcium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, calcium phosphite, calcium hydrogen phosphite, calcium hypophosphite, calcium metaphosphate, calcium ammonium phosphate, calcium orthosilicate, calcium metasilicate, tricalcium silicate, silica Dilime, calcium acetate, calcium propionate, calcium citrate, calcium oxalate, calcium benzoate, calcium formate, calcium tartrate, Stone calcium hydrogen calcium succinate, calcium lactate, calcium gluconate, calcium ascorbate, and preferably contains at least one of Ca-based compound selected from the group consisting of calcium alginate.

  Examples of the Fe-based compound include iron oxide (II), iron oxide (III), diiron oxide (III) iron (II), iron oxide (III) hydrate, iron carbonate (II), iron sulfate (II), Iron (III) sulfate, iron (II) sulfite, iron (III) sulfite, iron (II) thiosulfate, iron (II) ammonium sulfate, ammonium (III) sulfate, iron (III) triammonium trisulfate, iron nitrate (II), iron (III) nitrate, iron (II) phosphate, iron (III) phosphate, iron (II) pyrophosphate, iron (III) pyrophosphate, iron (III) pyrophosphate, iron phosphite (II), iron (III) phosphite, iron (III) hypophosphite, iron (II) orthosilicate, iron (II) metasilicate, iron (III) metasilicate, iron (II) acetate, iron acetate (III), iron (II) citrate, iron citrate (III , Iron (II) ammonium citrate, iron (III) citrate, iron (II) oxalate, iron (III) oxalate, iron (III) oxalate, iron (II) benzoate, iron benzoate ( III), iron (II) formate, iron (III) formate, iron (II) tartrate, iron (III) tartrate, iron (II) lactate, iron (III) lactate, and iron (II) gluconate It is preferable to contain at least one selected Fe-based compound.

Examples of the Al compound include aluminum oxide, aluminum oxide monohydrate (boehmite), aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, aluminum sulfite, aluminum ammonium sulfate, aluminum nitrate, aluminum phosphate, aluminum hydrogen phosphate, and dihydrogen phosphate. Aluminum, aluminum pyrophosphate, hydrogen hydrogen pyrophosphate, aluminum hypophosphite, aluminum metaphosphate, aluminum silicate, aluminum silicate, kaolin, activated clay, perlite, mica, aluminum acetate, aluminum citrate, aluminum oxalate And containing at least one Al-based compound selected from the group consisting of aluminum ammonium oxalate, aluminum benzoate, aluminum formate, and aluminum lactate Masui.

The group consisting of silicon dioxide, amorphous silica, silica (quartz), natural silica sand powder, artificial silica sand powder, diatomaceous earth powder, calcined diatomaceous earth powder, zirconium silicate, silicone emulsion, and modified silicone oil as the Si-based compound It is preferable to contain at least one Si-based compound selected from the above. Examples of the modified silicone oil include polyether-modified silicone oil and alcohol-modified silicone oil.

Although the inorganic compound used for the particulate matter coarsening agent for coal addition is not particularly limited, the average particle size of the primary particles is preferably 10 μm or less, and is more fine than the coal particles to be burned. preferable.
In the case of using a water-soluble inorganic compound (for example, water-soluble Ca) or a colloidal inorganic compound (colloidal silica, colloidal iron, colloidal magnesium), etc. It is preferable to use one having a diameter (or the length of the inorganic compound) of 0.1 to several tens of nm.
When the average particle diameter of the inorganic compound constituting the particulate material coarsening agent for coal addition exceeds 10 μm, the reactivity with PM is low and it is difficult to coarsen PM, which is not preferable.

Next, the particulate matter (PM) generated during the combustion process of coal will be described.
Coal contains almost all the elements shown in the Periodic Table of Elements. In coal, it is divided into mineral particles (Included mineral) existing in coal carbonaceous matter and mineral particles (Excluded mineral) existing independently of coal carbonaceous matter. These mineral particles contain many of the elements shown in the periodic table of elements, especially fine elements.
A part of the element has an ion bond with a functional group on the surface of coal carbonaceous material or a form bonded with an organic substance in coal.

  Included minerals present in coal carbonaceous materials tend to form coarse particles. However, some of the mineral particles present in the coal carbonaceous matter are released into the gas phase independently of the coal particles in the volatile emission process or char (fine particles of unburned carbon and ash) combustion process, and the fine particles ( PM).

  Mineral particles (Excluded mineral) that exist independently of coal carbonaceous matter are partly split when exposed to a high temperature field under rapid temperature rising conditions to generate fine particles (PM).

The elements bonded to the carbonaceous carbon or organic matter in the coal are alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, and even high-boiling elements such as Si and Al are vaporized when the coal is burned, and PM ₁₀ (particle diameter 10 μm the following generic group of _{particles), PM} 2.5, to produce a fine particles such as PM _1.

In addition, paying attention to the char particles generated after the volatile matter release, the generated char particles have various structures such as balloons, meshes, solids, etc., depending on the type of coal as the combustion source. Has been.
Among these char particles, those having a balloon-like or network-like structure are known to produce fine particles (PM) more easily than those having a solid-like structure.

  As described above, the fine particles (PM) are generated from soot particles, pyrolysis gas, vaporized inorganic components, char particles, ash particles, and the like. Among these, the vaporized inorganic component is strongly influenced by the temperature distribution and gas atmosphere in the coal combustion process, and the amount of fine particles generated is different. The maximum temperature of particles in the combustion and gasification process reaches 1600-1700 ° C, and the following three types (1) to (3) are obtained by classifying the elements to be vaporized from the vapor pressure curves of the elements and their compounds. Can be divided into

(1) Elements that are small in volatility and tend to gather mostly in solid residues or particles having a large particle size: (Ba), Ce, Cs, Eu, Fe, Hf, K, La, Mg, Mn, Rb, Sc, Sm, Th, Ti
(2) Elements that have volatility but are easily condensed or concentrated into particles having a small particle size in the process: As, Cd, (Ba), Be, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Ge, Mo, Na, Ni , P, Pb, Sb, (Se), Sr, Zn
(3) Elements that are highly volatile and easily remain in the gas: B, Br, Cl, F, Hg, I, (Se)

  The elements belonging to the above (2) and (3) exist in a gaseous state for a while after being vaporized in the high temperature part of the combustion furnace, but when the combustion gas passes through the heat exchanger and the temperature decreases, the gas phase component Fine particles (PM) are generated by condensation, nucleation, and particle aggregation. In this case, the proportion of condensation tends to increase as the existing fine particles are finer and have a larger surface area. Further, the smaller the particle size, the higher the concentration. This tendency is particularly noticeable for elements belonging to (2) such as As, Cd, and Se.

  Thus, it is known that the element which produces | generates a particulate matter (PM) has various properties. Further, the particle size of PM generated during the coal combustion process varies depending on the apparatus (boiler) used during combustion.

As described above, various PMs are generated in the exhaust gas discharged during the combustion of coal. These PMs have a property that the amount of ash derived from the above-mentioned inorganic substances is large as compared with PM in exhaust gas discharged when burning fuel oil or the like. For example, the amount of ash in coal is about 10% of the total amount of coal, and the amount of ash in fuel oil is about 0.01 to 0.02% of the total amount of fuel oil. The amount of ash differs from the PM discharged when the fuel oil burns.
Thus, by adding the particulate matter coarsening agent for coal addition of the present invention to coal that discharges PM with relatively large ash content, the particle size of PM can be increased and coarsened. Since it becomes easy to collect PM, the quantity of PM discharged | emitted in air | atmosphere can be reduced.

As addition amount of the particulate matter coarsening agent for coal addition, the ash content in the particulate matter coarsening agent for coal addition is preferably 0.005 (50 ppm) to ash content (100%) in coal. 10%, more preferably 0.01 to 10%, still more preferably 0.1 to 10%, and particularly preferably 2.5 to 10%.
When the addition amount of the particulate material coarsening agent for coal addition is less than 0.005% with respect to the ash content in the coal, the addition amount is too small and PM cannot be coarsened in the coal fuel process. On the other hand, if the addition amount exceeds 10%, the total amount of ash may be too large.
Economically, it is preferable to add so that the addition amount (g) of the particulate material coarsening agent for coal addition becomes 1 / 3,000 to 1/20000 (g) of coal.

Next, the coarsening method using the particulate material coarsening agent for coal addition of this invention is demonstrated.
The particulate material coarsening agent for coal addition may be added to the coal as a powder before combustion, or the particulate coarsening agent for coal addition is dissolved or dispersed in water and added to the coal. May be.
Moreover, you may add the particulate matter coarsening agent for coal addition to the coal combustion atmosphere of a combustion furnace instead of adding to coal itself.

Usually, coal is burned by a combustion device (boiler) or the like. The exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device is distributed to a collection means such as a cyclone, an electrostatic precipitator (EP), a bag filter, etc., and fine ash and fine particles contained in the exhaust gas are collected. The amount of fine particles collected by the collecting means varies depending on the combustion device (boiler) used.
For example, when a fine powder combustion boiler is used as the combustion apparatus (boiler), 80 to 90% of the fine particles contained in the exhaust gas are sent from the cyclone to the electrostatic precipitator (EP) because coal is blown off while burning. The situation is different when using fluidized bed and stalker boilers.
The minimum particle size of the fine particles separated by the cyclone is 1 μm, the minimum particle size of the fine particles separated by the electrostatic precipitator (EP) is 0.02 μm, and the minimum particle size of the fine particles separated by the bag filter is 0. 01 μm.

According to the coal added for particulate matter coarsening agent and coarsening method, PM generated during coal combustion, for example, coarsens PM ₁₀ and PM _1, a cyclone, electrostatic precipitator (EP), capturing such a bag filter PM can be easily collected by the collecting means, and the amount of PM discharged into the atmosphere can be reduced.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention still in detail, this invention is not limited to these Examples.

After adding the following four types of particulate material coarsening agent for coal addition to two types of coal (A, B) with different origins, supplying coal to a combustion furnace (drop tube furnace) and burning it, exhaust gas After collecting the combustion ash in the two cyclones, PM in the exhaust gas was collected with a cascade impactor.
The amount of PM ₁ , PM _2.5 , and PM ₁₀ in the exhaust gas combusted with coal when the particulate material coarsening agent for coal addition is added (Examples 1 to 4) and when not added (Comparative Example). It was measured.

[Coal used]
Coal A
Coal B

[Particulate coarsening agent for coal addition: inorganic compound]
(A) Fe-based compound: Kritonic PC-1003S (KT PC-1003, manufactured by Taiho Kosai Co., Ltd.)
(B) Mg-based compound: Tightnick 201HW (TT 201HW, manufactured by Taiho Kosai Co., Ltd.)
(C) Ca compound: Kritonic Hikon 1 (KT HC-1, manufactured by Taiho Kosai Co., Ltd.)
(D) Si compound: Colefire 8000 (CF8000, manufactured by Taiho Kosai Co., Ltd.)

[Addition amount]
The coal-added particulate material coarsening agent was added to the coal so that the ash content of each coal-added particulate matter coarsening agent was 2.5 to 10% with respect to 100% of the ash content of coal A and B. .
Specifically, the concentration of the inorganic compound (oxide conversion) contained in the coal-added particulate matter coarsening agent was measured as follows, and (2) this inorganic compound (oxide conversion) ) The amount of the inorganic compound is calculated so that the ash contained in the ash is a predetermined amount with respect to the coal ash (inorganic compound (as oxide) ash: coal ash = 5: 100). Then, an inorganic compound was added to the coal.

(1) Concentration Measurement of Inorganic Compound (Oxide Conversion) First, 2 g of the inorganic compound samples (a) to (d) above were placed in a beaker and dried for 4 hours with a dryer at 105 ° C. After confirming that all the water contained in the sample had evaporated, the temperature was raised to 815 ° C., and the mass of the residue was measured. The concentration of the sample was measured from the ratio of the sample mass to the residue mass. Table 1 shows the results of the sample concentrations of the above (a) to (d).

(2) Calculation method of addition amount of inorganic compound Based on the measurement result of the sample concentration, an example of a calculation method of the addition amount of an inorganic compound (as oxide) added to coal will be described. In this example, the calculation method of the addition amount of Ca type compound is shown.
When adding a Ca-based compound (CaO concentration: 10%) solution to 50 g of coal A (ash content: 2.8%) so that the ash content of the inorganic compound: the ash content of the coal = 5: 100, Substituting each numerical value into (1), the amount of Ca-based compound added is calculated. Each numerical value was substituted into the formula (1), and the amount of addition of the Ca-based compound solution having the concentration shown in Table 1 was calculated to be 0.7 g.

Example 1
Add Ca-based compound so that the amount of ash content of Ca-based compound (oxide conversion: CaO) is 5: 100 (= Ca-based compound ash content: Coal ash content) After adding 100-200 mL of water and shaking well, the water was evaporated using a rotary evaporator. Thereafter, it was further dried for about 1 hour with a dryer to obtain coals A and B to which a coarsening agent composed of a Ca-based compound was added.

(Example 2)
In the same manner as in Example 1, coals A and B to which a coarsening agent composed of a Si-based compound (oxide conversion: SiO ₂ ) was added were obtained.

(Example 3)
A coarsening agent for the ash content of each coal A and B so that the amount of ash content of Mg-based compound (oxide conversion: MgO) is 2.5: 100 (= ash content of Mg-based compound: ash content of coal). Except for the addition of, coal A and B were obtained in the same manner as Example 1 with the addition of a coarsening agent comprising an Mg-based compound.

Example 4
Coal A and B are coarsened so that the ash content of the Fe-based compound (oxide conversion: Fe ₂ O ₃ ) is 10: 100 (= the ash content of the Fe-based compound: the ash content of the coal). Except for the addition of the agent, in the same manner as in Example 1, coals A and B to which a coarsening agent comprising an Fe-based compound was added were obtained.

(Comparative example)
Coals A and B were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a coarsening agent mainly composed of an inorganic compound was not added.

  The coals A and B of Examples 1 to 4 and the comparative example were burned in a combustion furnace (drop tube furnace) shown in FIG. 1, and PM in the exhaust gas was collected by a cascade impactor shown in FIG.

[Combustion furnace: Drop tube furnace]
FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a drop tube furnace.
As shown in FIG. 1, a drop tube furnace 1 (hereinafter abbreviated as “DTF”) used in a coal A and B combustion furnace includes a sample supply unit 2 (ball feeder and burner), a reaction heating unit 3 and A sampling unit 4 (sampling probe) is provided.
The samples (coal A and B) are guided from the sample supply unit 2 to the reaction heating unit 3 together with the primary gas.
The reaction heating unit 3 is also supplied with a secondary gas heated to about 500 ° C. by a spot heater preheater (not shown), and merged with the primary gas containing the sample at the tip 7 of the burner. Circulate. The gas flow rate of the entire apparatus is determined by the gas obtained by combining the primary gas and the secondary gas.
Combustion ash obtained by burning coal with DTF was collected by two cyclones 5 and 6 disposed below the DTF. PM in the exhaust gas that was not collected by the cyclones 5 and 6 was collected by the cascade impactor 10.
The sampling unit 4 can change the height inserted into the reaction heating unit 3 so that the intermediate product and the complete fuel ash can be collected.

[DTF combustion conditions]
The combustion conditions for DTF are described below.
Sample supply rate: about 0.2 g / min Combustion atmosphere: Air Air ratio: 1.5
Combustion temperature: 1200 ° C, 1450 ° C
Residence time: about 3 seconds

[Cascade Impactor]
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of the cascade impactor 10.
The cascade impactor 10 uses a plurality of impactors 11 by the inertial collision method to classify and collect fine particles in the exhaust gas.
The inertial collision method is a method in which particles are made to collide with an object using the inertial force that the particles have when moving to separate and collect the particles from the airflow (exhaust gas).
The cascade impactor 10 uses the inertial collision method to cause the impactor 11 to gradually increase the collision speed of the airflow when the particles collide with the collecting plate (impactor 11) and are separated from the airflow (exhaust gas). Are stacked in multiple stages. The skate impactor 10 includes a flow meter 12 for circulating dilution air, a measuring meter 13 for measuring the pressure of the impactor 11 stacked in a plurality of stages, and a pump 14.
By using this cascade impactor, the particle size distribution of the fine particles in the exhaust gas can be obtained. In this example, the measurement was carried out using a low pressure impactor (LPI) capable of subjecting fine particles to inertial collision with the impactor under low pressure conditions (maximum of −550 mmHg) and classifying and collecting fine particles having a particle diameter of 0.05 μm.

  Table 2 shows the amount of PM collected from the exhaust gas when coal A was burned with DTF at 1450 ° C. Table 3 shows the amount of PM collected from the exhaust gas when coal B was burned with 1200 ° C DTF, and Table 4 shows the amount of PM collected from the exhaust gas when coal B was burned with 1450 ° C DTF. Indicates the amount of PM collected

As shown in Table 2, when the coal A to which the coarsening agent was added was burned at 1450 ° C., the amount of PM was reduced compared to the case where the coarsening agent was not added (Comparative Example). The reduction amount of ₁ and PM _2.5 was remarkable.
Particularly, the case of adding coarsening agent made of Mg-based compound, as compared with the case without the addition of coarse material, PM _2.5 has been reduced 40%, since the PM ₁₀ on the contrary has increased slightly It was confirmed that the fine PM could be coarsened and collected, and the amount of PM in the exhaust gas could be reduced.

As shown in Table 3, when coal B to which a coarsening agent (Examples 1 to 4) was added was burned at 1200 ° C., compared to the case where no coarsening agent was added (Comparative Example), PM ₁ The amount was reduced by about 30 to 60%.
Meanwhile, the PM ₁₀ of coal B with the addition of coarse agent of Examples 1 to 4 tended to increase. The reason for this coal B has less ash content, the amount of PM ₁₀ is presumed to have increased due to the low ash content to be aggregated.

As shown in Table 4, when coal B to which a coarsening agent (Examples 1 to 4) was added was burned at 1450 ° C., it was coarsened in the same manner as when burned at 1200 ° C. (see Table 3). Compared with the case where no agent was added (comparative example), the amount of PM1 was reduced by about 50 to 60%, and the amount of reduction of minute PM was increased.
On the other hand, PM _2.5 and PM ₁₀ of Coal B to which the coarsening agents of Examples 1 to 4 were added tended to increase. The reason for this is presumed that the amount of PM _2.5 and PM ₁₀ increased because coal B has a small amount of ash and a small amount of ash that is agglomerated.

It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the drop tube furnace which is a combustion furnace. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a cascade impactor 10. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Drop tube furnace 2 Sample supply unit (ball feeder and burner)
3 Reaction heating section 4 Sampling section (sampling probe)
5 Cyclone 7 Burner tip 10 Cascade impactor 11 Impactor 12 Flow meter 13 Pressure gauge 14 Pump

Claims (10)

  A particulate material coarsening agent for coal addition, comprising a Mg compound, a Ca compound, an Fe compound, an Al compound, or a Si compound as a main component.   The particulate material coarsening agent for coal addition according to claim 1, comprising 70% by mass or more of the main component compound based on the total amount of the coarsening agent.   As the Mg-based compound, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, basic magnesium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium hydrogen sulfate, magnesium sulfite, magnesium thiosulfate, magnesium ammonium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, magnesium nitrite, magnesium phosphate, Magnesium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium pyrophosphate, magnesium phosphite, magnesium hydrogen phosphite, magnesium hypophosphite, magnesium ammonium phosphate, magnesium orthosilicate, magnesium metasilicate, magnesium tetrasilicate, Talc, magnesium trisilicate, magnesium calcium orthosilicate, magnesium calcium orthosilicate, magnesium calcium metasilicate, acetic acid At least one Mg-based compound selected from the group consisting of gnesium, magnesium citrate, magnesium oxalate, magnesium benzoate, magnesium formate, magnesium tartrate, magnesium hydrogen tartrate, magnesium succinate, magnesium lactate, and magnesium gluconate It contains, The particulate matter coarsening agent for coal addition of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.   As the Ca-based compound, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, calcium hydrogen sulfate, calcium sulfite, calcium hydrogen sulfite, calcium thiosulfate, calcium nitrate, calcium nitrite, calcium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid Calcium dihydrogen, calcium biperphosphate, calcium pyrophosphate, calcium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, calcium phosphite, calcium hydrogen phosphite, calcium hypophosphite, calcium metaphosphate, calcium ammonium phosphate, calcium orthosilicate, calcium metasilicate, tricalcium silicate, silica Dilime, calcium acetate, calcium propionate, calcium citrate, calcium oxalate, calcium benzoate, calcium formate, calcium tartrate, 3. At least one Ca-based compound selected from the group consisting of calcium hydrogen tartrate, calcium succinate, calcium lactate, calcium gluconate, calcium ascorbate, and calcium alginate is contained. The particulate matter coarsening agent for coal addition described in 1.   Examples of the Fe-based compound include iron oxide (II), iron oxide (III), diiron oxide (III) iron (II), iron oxide (III) hydrate, iron carbonate (II), iron sulfate (II), Iron (III) sulfate, iron (II) sulfite, iron (III) sulfite, iron (II) thiosulfate, iron (II) ammonium sulfate, ammonium (III) sulfate, iron (III) triammonium trisulfate, iron nitrate (II), iron (III) nitrate, iron (II) phosphate, iron (III) phosphate, iron (II) pyrophosphate, iron (III) pyrophosphate, iron (III) pyrophosphate, iron phosphite (II), iron (III) phosphite, iron (III) hypophosphite, iron (II) orthosilicate, iron (II) metasilicate, iron (III) metasilicate, iron (II) acetate, iron acetate (III), iron (II) citrate, iron citrate (III , Iron (II) ammonium citrate, iron (III) ammonium citrate, iron (II) oxalate, iron (III) oxalate, iron (III) oxalate, iron (II) benzoate, iron benzoate ( III), iron (II) formate, iron (III) formate, iron (II) tartrate, iron (III) tartrate, iron (II) lactate, iron (III) lactate, and iron (II) gluconate The granular material coarsening agent for coal addition according to claim 1 or 2, comprising at least one selected Fe-based compound.   Examples of the Al compound include aluminum oxide, aluminum oxide monohydrate, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, aluminum sulfite, aluminum ammonium sulfate, aluminum nitrate, aluminum phosphate, aluminum hydrogen phosphate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and pyrroline. Aluminum phosphate, aluminum hydrogen pyrophosphate, aluminum hypophosphite, aluminum metaphosphate, aluminum silicate, hydrated aluminum silicate, kaolin, activated clay, perlite, mica, aluminum acetate, aluminum citrate, aluminum oxalate, oxalic acid It contains at least one Al-based compound selected from the group consisting of aluminum ammonium, aluminum benzoate, aluminum formate, and aluminum lactate. Particulate matter coarsening agent additives coal according to 1 or 2.   The Si-based compound is selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, amorphous silica, silica, natural silica sand powder, artificial silica sand powder, diatomaceous earth powder, calcined diatomaceous earth powder, zirconium silicate, silicone emulsion, and modified silicone oil. The particulate material coarsening agent for coal addition according to claim 1 or 2, comprising at least one Si-based compound.   A method for coarsening a particulate material, wherein the particulate material coarsening agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is added to coal in a powder form.   Particulate matter coarsening, wherein the particulate matter coarsening agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is dissolved or dispersed in water to form a slurry, and the slurry is added to coal. Method.   A method for coarsening a particulate material, comprising adding the coarsening agent for particulate matter according to any one of claims 1 to 7 to a combustion atmosphere of coal.

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