JP2010051946A - Linear motor and portable apparatus provided with linear motor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a linear motor which can achieve thickness reduction. <P>SOLUTION: The linear motor 1 includes a stationary part 10 equipped with spiral current lines 14 (a pair of flat coils 14a and 14b) and a movable part 20 that is equipped with a magnetic pole face opposite to the current lines 14 and is movable along the surface of the spiral current lines 14. The stationary part 10 is equipped with inner walls 11a and 11b with which the movable part 20 collides through plate springs 30 when the movable part 20 moves. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a linear motor and a portable device including the linear motor.

  Conventionally, a vibration motor including a movable part that vibrates by an electromagnetic force from a coil is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

  Patent Document 1 discloses a vibration actuator (vibration motor) including a mover made of a disk-shaped magnet and a coil arranged so as to surround the mover. In the vibration actuator described in Patent Document 1, a coil having a large thickness is arranged in the vertical direction so as to surround the disk-shaped movable part, and the disk-shaped movable part is moved up and down by electromagnetic force from the coil. It is configured to linearly move in the direction (thickness direction of the movable part).

  Patent Document 2 discloses a vibration device including a permanent magnet, a vibrator disposed so as to face the permanent magnet, and a movable coil connected to the vibrator and formed in a cylindrical shape. Has been. In the vibration device described in Patent Document 2, the movable coil has a coil winding surface arranged in a direction orthogonal to a rod-shaped guide rail extending in the moving direction of the vibrator, and in a direction along the guide rail. It is configured to vibrate with the vibrator.

JP 2006-68688 A JP 2004-174309 A

  The vibration actuator disclosed in Patent Document 1 is configured so that the disk-shaped movable part moves in the vertical direction (thickness direction of the movable part) using a coil having a large thickness in the vertical direction. There is a problem that it is difficult to reduce the thickness.

  In the vibration device disclosed in Patent Document 2, the winding surface of the cylindrical movable coil is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the movable coil (the direction along the guide rail). For this reason, since the length in the height direction of the winding surface of the movable coil is increased, there is a problem that it is difficult to reduce the thickness of the device.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and one object of the present invention is to provide a linear motor that can be reduced in thickness.

  In order to achieve the above object, a linear motor according to a first aspect of the present invention has a fixed portion having a spiral current line and a magnetic pole surface facing the current line, and is provided on the surface of the spiral current line. And a movable part provided so as to be movable along the fixed part. When the movable part moves, the fixed part is provided with a member that the movable part collides with directly or via an elastic member. Here, in the present invention, “directly movable part collides” means that the movable part collides so as to contact the member. In addition, “the movable part collides with the elastic member” means that the movable part passes through the elastic member by a driving force larger than the urging force of the elastic member in a direction against the urging force of the elastic member. It means that it collides with the member indirectly.

  A portable device according to a second aspect of the present invention includes the linear motor according to the first aspect.

  In the linear motor according to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the thickness by the above configuration, and it is possible to shorten the response time (start-up time) until the fixed portion reaches a predetermined vibration amount.

  In the portable device according to the second aspect of the present invention, by providing the above linear motor, the portable device can be thinned, and the response time (start-up time) until the portable device reaches a predetermined vibration amount. Can be shortened.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the structure of a linear motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 2 and 3 are views for explaining the structure of the linear motor according to the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the linear motor 1 (linear drive type vibration motor) according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a fixed portion 10 provided with a storage portion 10a, a movable portion 20 disposed in the storage portion 10a, and A leaf spring 30 is provided. The leaf spring 30 is an example of the “elastic member” in the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the fixing unit 10 includes a frame body 11 and printed circuit boards 12 and 13, and is provided on the vibrating body 50. The frame body 11 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape when seen in a plan view, and has a rectangular opening that constitutes the storage portion 10 a of the fixed portion 10. A printed circuit board 12 is arranged on the lower surface side (arrow Z2 direction side) of the frame body 11 so as to block the storage portion 10a from below, and on the upper surface side (arrow Z1 direction side) of the frame body 11, the storage portion 10a. The printed circuit board 13 is arranged so as to cover the above from above. The printed circuit boards 12 and 13 are configured in a flat plate shape formed in a substantially rectangular shape (rectangular shape) when viewed in a plan view, and have substantially the same outer dimensions as the frame body 11.

  2 and 3, the lower surface of the printed circuit board 13 is constituted by spiral current lines 14 formed so as to spread in the directions of arrows X1 and X2 from the inside to the outside as viewed in a plan view. A pair of planar coils 14a and 14b functioning as electromagnets are formed. The planar coils 14a and 14b are arranged so as to be adjacent in the directions of the arrows X1 and X2. As shown in FIG. 3, the planar coil 14a is formed by winding the current wire 14 in a spiral shape counterclockwise from the inner side to the outer side when viewed from the lower surface side (arrow Z2 direction side). Yes. The planar coil 14b is formed by winding the current line 14 in a spiral shape from the inside to the outside as viewed from the lower surface side. That is, the planar coils 14a and 14b are wound in opposite directions. The planar coils 14a and 14b are connected in series with the outer end of the current line 14 of the planar coil 14a and the outer end of the current line 14 of the planar coil 14b, and when the drive current is supplied, Magnetic fields in opposite directions are formed. Further, the inner end portion of the current line 14 of the planar coil 14a and the inner end portion of the current line 14 of the planar coil 14b are respectively connected to a frequency scanner unit 15 described later.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a frequency scanner unit 15 including a control IC is provided on the upper surface of the printed circuit board 13. The frequency scanner unit 15 has a function of supplying an alternating current (drive current) to the planar coils 14a and 14b, and a drive current in the direction of arrow A (see FIG. 3) and a drive current in the direction opposite to the direction of arrow A. Are alternately supplied at a predetermined frequency.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the movable portion 20 is configured by a plate-like permanent magnet (a magnet made of a ferromagnetic material such as ferrite or neodymium) that is formed in a circular shape when seen in a plan view. The movable portion 20 is placed on the upper surface of the printed circuit board 12, and the side surface 20a is supported by a pair of leaf springs 30 so as to be positioned substantially at the center of the storage portion 10a when seen in a plan view. The movable part 20 is magnetized in the thickness direction of the permanent magnet, the surface 20b of the movable part 20 on the printed board 13 side (arrow Z1 direction side) is N pole, and the printed board 12 side of the movable part 20 side (arrow Z2 direction side). The surface 20c is magnetized to the south pole.

  The movable portion 20 is supported by a pair of leaf springs 30 in the direction of arrows X1 and X2 with respect to the printed circuit boards 12 and 13 inside the storage portion 10a (from the inside to the outside in plan view). The current line 14 extends in a straight line). In addition, the movable portion 20 is configured to collide with the inner walls 11a and 11b on the moving direction side (arrow X1 and X2 direction side) of the movable portion 20 of the frame body 11 via the leaf spring 30 during operation. Yes. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the distance d between the side surface 20 a of the movable portion 20 and the inner walls 11 a and 11 b of the frame 11 is changed to the planar coils 14 a and 14 b from the frequency scanner portion 15, respectively. After the start of the supply of the drive current, the movable part 20 collides with the inner walls 11a and 11b via the leaf spring 30 within a period of five reciprocations after the movable part 20 starts to reciprocate toward the inner walls 11a and 11b. It is set to a small distance. Thereby, the movable part 20 can give the vibration by collision to the fixed part 10. In addition, the movable portion 20 continuously collides continuously after colliding with the inner walls 11a and 11b through the leaf spring 30 for the first time. Each of the inner walls 11a and 11b is an example of the “member” in the present invention.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pair of leaf springs 30 are disposed on the arrow X1 direction side and the arrow X2 direction side of the movable portion 20 in the storage portion 10a, respectively. One end portions of the pair of leaf springs 30 are attached to the frame body 11 at corner portions of the storage portion 10a that are located diagonally to each other. Each of the pair of leaf springs 30 is configured to be able to bend and deform with the attachment portion to the frame body 11 as a support point, and has a function of biasing the movable portion 20 toward the other leaf spring 30 side. ing.

  4 to 8 are cross-sectional views for explaining the operation of the linear motor 1.

  First, as shown in FIG. 3, a driving current in the direction of arrow A is supplied from the frequency scanner unit 15 to the planar coils 14a and 14b for a predetermined period. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, a magnetic field is formed in the vicinity of the central portion of the spiral planar coil 14a so that the lower side becomes the S pole and the upper side becomes the N pole according to Ampere's right-handed screw rule. On the other hand, in the vicinity of the central portion of the spiral planar coil 14b, a magnetic field is formed such that the lower side is the N pole and the upper side is the S pole according to Ampere's right-handed screw rule. As a result, the movable portion 20 receives an attractive force from the planar coil 14a and a repulsive force from the planar coil 14b, and thus is moved in the direction of the arrow X1.

  When a driving current in the direction opposite to the arrow A direction (see FIG. 3) is supplied from the frequency scanner unit 15 to the planar coils 14a and 14b for a predetermined period, as shown in FIG. 5, the center of the spiral planar coil 14a In the vicinity of the part, a magnetic field is formed such that the lower side is an N pole and the upper side is an S pole according to Ampere's right-handed screw law. On the other hand, a magnetic field is formed near the center of the spiral planar coil 14b so that the lower side is the S pole and the upper side is the N pole according to Ampere's right-handed screw rule. Thereby, the movable part 20 receives a repulsive force from the current line 14a and an attractive force from the current line 14b, and thus is moved in the arrow X2 direction.

  By alternately supplying the drive current in the direction of arrow A and the drive current in the direction opposite to the direction of arrow A from the frequency scanner unit 15 to the planar coils 14a and 14b, as described above, the movable unit 20 has the arrow X1. And alternately moved in the X2 direction. That is, the movable part 20 is reciprocated by switching the direction in which the drive current flows. In the present embodiment, the distance d (see FIG. 2) between the side surface 20a of the movable portion 20 and the inner walls 11a and 11b of the frame 11 is set to be smaller than usual, so that the movable portion 20 is movable as shown in FIGS. The unit 20 collides with the inner walls 11a and 11b via the leaf spring 30 at the initial startup stage within a predetermined time from the start of supply of drive current to the planar coils 14a and 14b from the frequency scanner unit 15.

  Here, the result of the simulation performed for calculating the acceleration of the housing (the fixed portion 10 and the vibrating body 50) of the linear motor 1 will be described. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the position of the movable part in the simulation of the linear motor 1. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the acceleration of the housing in the simulation of the linear motor 1. FIGS. 11-14 is a figure for demonstrating the simulation result of the linear motor 1. FIG.

  First, simulation setting conditions in the linear motor 1 will be described. The equation of motion of the movable unit 20 and the equation of motion of the casing (vibrated body 50 and fixed unit 10) can be represented by the following equations (1) to (4), respectively.

When d (l−L) / dt> 0 md ² l / dt ² = −2k (l−L + r) + Fsin (ωt) (1)
Md ² L / dt ² = 2k (l−L + r) −Fsin (ωt) (2)
When d (l−L) / dt <0 md ² l / dt ² = −2k (l−L−r) + Fsin (ωt) (3)
Md ² L / dt ² = 2k (l−L−r) −Fsin (ωt) (4)
Note that k is a spring constant of the leaf spring 30, and F is the maximum force applied to the movable part 20. l is the amount of movement of the movable part 20 from the center line Q shown in FIG. 13, and L is the amount of movement of the housing from the center line Q shown in FIG. m is the mass of the movable part 20, and M is the mass of the casing (vibrated body 50 and fixed part 10). ω is the angular frequency of the force applied to the movable part 20, and r is the converted friction force between the movable part 20 and the fixed part 10. The converted friction force r is calculated by the following equation (5).

r = R / 2k (5)
Note that R is a frictional force between the movable portion 20 and the fixed portion 10.

  For the linear motor 1, a simulation was performed using the set values shown in FIG. At this time, the distance d (see FIGS. 1 and 2) between the side surface 20a of the movable portion 20 and the inner walls 11a and 11b of the frame 11 was set to 0.5 (mm). For comparison with the linear motor 1, a simulation is also performed for the linear motor 2 according to the comparative example in which the distance d between the side surface 20 a of the movable portion 20 and the inner walls 11 a and 11 b of the frame 11 is set to 2.1 (mm). Carried out. Other parameters for the linear motor 2 according to the comparative example are the same as the set values of the linear motor 1. Further, the desired acceleration for the casing to reach a predetermined amount of vibration was set to 1.5 (G). Further, the supply of drive current to the planar coils 14a and 14b was stopped 0.06 seconds after the start of supply. In this simulation, the thickness of the leaf spring 30 is not taken into consideration. That is, the thickness of the leaf spring 30 is set to 0 (mm).

  In the linear motor 1, as shown in FIG. 9, the distance from the center line Q shown in FIG. 13 of the movable part 20 gradually increases due to resonance after the start of supply of the drive current to the planar coils 14 a and 14 b. Then, about 0.018 seconds after the start of supply of the drive current, the movable unit 20 reaches a position where the distance from the center line Q shown in FIG. 13 is 0.5 (mm). That is, the movable portion 20 collides with the inner wall 11a of the frame 11 at an initial startup stage after about 0.018 seconds from the start of supply of the drive current. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, after about 0.018 seconds from the start of supply of the drive current to the planar coils 14a and 14b, the acceleration value of the casing indicated by the diamond-shaped black dots is about 5.0 ( G). Here, the amplitude of the vibration waveform in the vicinity of the acceleration 0 of the casing shown in FIG. 10 indicates the acceleration of the casing generated due to the movement of the movable section 20, and the black dot of the diamond shape indicates the movable section 20. Shows the acceleration of the housing generated due to the elastic collision with the inner walls 11a and 11b of the frame 11. The acceleration of the casing due to the elastic collision is about 5.0 (corresponding to the change in the kinetic energy of the movable part 20 due to the collision with the inner wall 11a of the movable part 20 after about 0.018 seconds from the start of supply of the drive current. G). Thereby, an acceleration larger than the desired acceleration 1.5 (G) for the housing to reach a predetermined vibration amount is given to the housing. Therefore, in the linear motor 1, the response time (start-up time) until the housing reaches a predetermined vibration amount is about 0.018 seconds.

  In addition, since the angular frequency ω of the force applied to the movable portion 20 is 150 (Hz) (see FIG. 14), about 2.7 (= 150 (Hz) × 0.018 (sec) from the start of supply of the drive current. )) Since the movable part 20 collides with the inner wall 11a or 11b of the frame 11 in a cycle, the number of times the movable part 20 reciprocates toward the inner walls 11a and 11b before the collision is about 2.7 times. Therefore, the movable part 20 collides with the inner walls 11 a and 11 b of the frame body 11 within a period of five reciprocations after the movable part 20 starts to reciprocate toward the inner walls 11 a and 11 b of the frame body 11.

  On the other hand, in the linear motor 2 according to the comparative example, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the position of the movable portion 20 and the housing acceleration are respectively from the start of supply of the drive current to the stop of supply after 0.06 seconds. The value gradually increases. Also, as shown in FIG. 12, the case acceleration reaches a desired acceleration 1.5 (G) for the case to reach a predetermined vibration amount about 0.042 seconds after the start of supply of the drive current. That is, in the linear motor 2 according to the comparative example, the response time (start-up time) until the housing reaches a predetermined vibration amount is about 0.042 seconds. Therefore, in the linear motor 1, by setting the distance d (see FIGS. 1 and 2) between the side surface 20a of the movable portion 20 and the inner walls 11a and 11b of the frame 11 to 0.5 (mm), the distance d is 2 The response speed (starting speed) is about 2.3 times (= 0.042 / 0.018) faster than the linear motor 2 which is 0.1 mm.

  In the linear motor 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) By configuring the linear motor 1 with lateral vibration (vibration in the directions of arrows X1 and X2), it is easy to reduce the thickness as compared with a linear motor with longitudinal vibration (vibration in the directions of arrows Z1 and Z2).

  (2) By providing the movable part 20 movable along the arrangement direction of the planar coils 14a, 14b, compared to the case where the movable part 20 is linearly moved in the vertical direction using a coil having a large thickness in the vertical direction, A thin shape can be obtained. Further, the planar coils 14 a and 14 b are formed in a spiral shape so as to be flat along the moving direction of the movable portion 20. Thereby, it is not necessary to provide a region in the height direction (vertical direction) due to the coil winding surface, compared to the case where the coil winding surface is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the movable portion 20. The thickness in the Z direction can be reduced. Thereby, thickness reduction of the linear motor 1 can be achieved.

  (3) By providing the fixed portion 10 with the inner walls 11a and 11b that the movable portion 20 collides with each other via the leaf spring 30 when the movable portion 20 moves, the linear motor 1 is operated by the collision of the movable portion 20 An acceleration corresponding to the change in kinetic energy is given to the fixed unit 10. Thereby, since a larger vibration can be given to the fixed portion 10 during operation, the response time (start-up time) until the fixed portion 10 reaches a predetermined vibration amount can be shortened.

  (4) The movable portion 20 is moved to the inner walls 11a and 11b of the fixed portion 10 via the leaf spring 30 within a period of five reciprocations after the movable portion 20 starts to reciprocate toward the inner walls 11a and 11b of the fixed portion 10. Collide. As a result, a greater vibration can be applied to the fixed portion 10 at an early stage within five reciprocations after the movable portion 20 starts to reciprocate. Therefore, a response time (start-up) until the fixed portion 10 reaches a predetermined amount of vibration. Time) can be shortened reliably.

  (5) The leaf spring 30 is provided, and the movable portion 20 is caused to collide with the inner walls 11a and 11b of the stationary portion 10 via the leaf spring 30 so that the stationary portion 10 is vibrated. Thereby, the movable part 20 can be made to collide with the fixed part 10 via the thin plate spring 30 with a small thickness. As a result, the thickness of the leaf spring 30 and the compression coil spring are compared with the case where a compression coil spring having a relatively large length during compression is provided and the movable portion 20 collides with the fixed portion 10 via the compression coil spring. The motor can be reduced in size by the difference from the compressed length.

  (6) By providing a pair of planar coils 14a and 14b configured to form magnetic fields in opposite directions when an electric current is applied, between the planar coil 14a and the movable portion 20 made of a permanent magnet. And, attractive force and repulsive force can be easily applied between the planar coil 14b and the movable part 20 made of a permanent magnet, respectively.

  (7) The N pole face 20b of the movable portion 20 is arranged so as to face the surface of the planar coil 14a (14b). Thereby, the magnetic force line (magnetic pole surface where the magnetic force line is generated) generated from the movable part 20 side and the magnetic flux line (coil surface where the magnetic flux line is generated) generated by flowing a current through the planar coil 14a (14b) become parallel. On the other hand, in the structure of the said patent document 2, the magnetic force line from a magnet and the magnetic flux line from a coil are orthogonally crossed. Therefore, compared to the configuration described in Patent Document 2, the configuration of the linear motor 1 has a large amount of overlapping of the magnetic lines of force and the magnetic flux lines, and accordingly, the driving force when moving the movable unit 20 can be increased accordingly. it can.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the structure of a linear motor according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 16-19 is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the linear motor by 2nd Embodiment shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, a linear motor (linear drive vibration motor) 100 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a frame 110 provided with a storage portion 110a and a movable member disposed in the storage portion 110a. A portion 120 and a pair of leaf springs 130 that support the movable portion 120 are provided.

  The frame 110 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape (square shape) by a first side wall portion 110b extending in the directions of the arrows X1 and X2 and a second side wall portion 110c extending in the directions of the arrows Y1 and Y2 when viewed in plan. In addition, the storage portion 110a of the frame 110 is formed of a rectangular opening that penetrates in the vertical direction (arrow Z1 and Z2 directions). In addition, the printed circuit board 140 is disposed in the frame 110 so as to close the opening on the upper side (arrow Z1 direction side) of the storage portion 110a, and the opening on the lower side (arrow Z2 direction side). The bottom plate 150 is arranged so as to close the door. The frame 110, the printed circuit board 140, and the bottom plate 150 are made of glass epoxy resin.

  As shown in FIG. 16, the movable portion 120 is formed in a rectangular shape (rectangular shape) whose corners are chamfered when viewed in a plan view, and a flat plate permanent magnet (a ferromagnetic material such as ferrite or neodymium). It is comprised by the magnet which consists of. The movable part 120 has a length of about 8 mm along the directions of the arrows X1 and X2, and has a length of about 10 mm along the directions of the arrows Y1 and Y2. Further, the side surface of the movable portion 120 is supported by a pair of leaf springs 130 so as to be positioned at the approximate center of the housing portion 110a of the frame body 110 in a plan view. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 17, the movable part 120 has a height (small thickness) lower than the height of the storage part 110a.

  As shown in FIG. 17, the movable portion 120 is composed of two permanent magnets including a first magnet 121 and a second magnet 122. Specifically, the first magnet 121 is disposed on the arrow X1 direction side with the vicinity of the center line C1-C1 (see FIG. 16) of the movable portion 120 as a boundary, and the second magnet 122 is disposed on the arrow X2 direction side. It is comprised so that. On the side of the first magnet 121 facing the printed circuit board 140, an N pole surface 121a magnetized with N poles in the thickness direction is provided. In addition, on the side of the second magnet 122 facing the printed circuit board 140, an S pole surface 122a magnetized to the S pole in the thickness direction is provided.

  On the side facing the bottom plate 150 of the first magnet 121, an S pole surface 121b magnetized to the S pole in the thickness direction is provided. Similarly, on the side of the second magnet 122 facing the bottom plate 150, an N pole surface 122b magnetized with N poles in the thickness direction is provided.

  The first magnet 121 and the second magnet 122 are adjacent to the N-pole surface 121a and the S-pole surface 122a on the surface on the printed circuit board 140 side, and on the surface on the bottom plate 150 side with the S-pole surface 121b and N It arrange | positions so that the pole surface 122b may adjoin. The first magnet 121 and the second magnet 122 are in close contact with each other due to the attractive force between the N pole surface 121a and the S pole surface 122a adjacent to each other and the attractive force between the S pole surface 121b and the N pole surface 122b. And are fixed to each other by an adhesive or the like.

  As described above, the movable unit 120 linearly moves in the directions of the arrows X1 and X2 parallel to the printed circuit board 140 inside the storage unit 110a while being supported by the pair of leaf springs 130. Here, the term “parallel” includes not only a state parallel to each other but also a state deviated from a parallel state (a state inclined at a predetermined angle) to the extent that the movable unit 120 does not hinder linear movement. At this time, the first side wall portion 110b (see FIG. 16) functions as a guide when the movable portion 120 moves in the directions of the arrows X1 and X2.

  A pair of leaf | plate springs 130 are each arrange | positioned at the inner surface of the 2nd side wall part 110c of the frame 110, as shown in FIG.15 and FIG.16. Specifically, each of the pair of leaf springs 130 includes a fixed portion 130 a fixed to the frame body 110, a bending portion 130 b, and a support portion 130 c of the movable portion 120. The fixing portion 130a is formed so as to extend along the directions of the arrows Y1 and Y2, and is fixed to the second side wall portion 110c of the frame 110 with an adhesive or the like. Further, the bent portion 130b is bent a plurality of times (twice) between the boundary portion with the fixed portion 130a and the support portion 130c, so that the trajectory of the support portion 130c of the pair of leaf springs 130 is the center line C2-C2. The upper part is configured to bendable so as to move linearly along the directions of the arrows X1 and X2, and has a function of urging the movable part 120 toward the leaf spring 130 on the other side. Further, the support portion 130c of each leaf spring 130 is configured to support the movable portion 120 in the vicinity of the center line C2-C2 of the storage portion 110a of the frame portion 110.

  A yoke 160 a made of an iron plate or the like is provided on the surface of the first magnet 121 and the second magnet 122 on the side facing the bottom plate 150. Similarly, a yoke 160b made of an iron plate or the like is provided on the surface of the printed board 140 opposite to the side facing the movable portion 120. The yokes 160a and 160b have a function as a magnetic shield for suppressing magnetic leakage from the apparatus main body to the outside.

  As shown in FIGS. 17 to 19, flat planar coils 141 and 142 having a two-layer wiring structure are arranged inside the printed circuit board 140. Each of the planar coils 141 and 142 has a rectangular outline in plan view, and is formed by an XY plane (arrow X1 (X2) direction and arrow Y1 (Y2) direction) from the inside to the outside. It is formed in a spiral shape so as to spread in the (plane) direction. Each of the planar coils 141 and 142 is an example of the “coil” in the present invention.

  The planar coils 141 and 142 are electrically connected in series with each other by a single current line 143. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 18, the first layer current line 143a constituting the planar coil 141 is wound in a spiral shape counterclockwise from the outside to the inside. The outer end of the first layer current line 143 a of the planar coil 141 is connected to an electrode pad 170 a provided on the printed circuit board 140.

  As shown in FIG. 19, the second layer current line 143b constituting the planar coil 142 is wound in a spiral shape counterclockwise from the inside to the outside. The outer end of the second layer current line 143 b of the planar coil 142 is connected to an electrode pad 170 b provided on the printed circuit board 140. The inner end portion of the first layer current line 143a constituting the planar coil 141 and the inner end portion of the second layer current line 143b constituting the planar coil 142 are printed in the vicinity of the respective central portions. They are connected to each other through contact holes provided in the substrate 140. The yoke 160b is provided with openings 160c and 160d at positions corresponding to the electrode pads 170a and 170b on the printed circuit board 140, respectively, and the yoke 160b and the electrode pads 170a and 170b are not in contact with each other.

  As shown in FIG. 18, the planar coil 141 has first portions 141a and 141b extending in the directions of arrows Y1 and Y2, and second portions 141c and 141d extending in the directions of arrows X1 and X2, respectively. The width W2 of the current line 143a constituting the second portions 141c and 141d is formed to be smaller than the width W1 of the current line 143a constituting the first portions 141a and 141b of the planar coil 141. Thereby, the pitch (distance between the centers of the adjacent current lines 143a) L2 of the current lines 143a constituting the second portions 141c and 141d is smaller than the pitch L1 of the current lines 143a constituting the first portions 141a and 141b. Become.

  Further, when viewed in a plan view, at least a part of the second portions 141c and 141d is disposed so as to overlap the first side wall portion 110b of the frame 110, respectively. That is, the arrangement area of the planar coil 141 is larger than the movable part 120 in plan view and covers the entire movable part 120.

  As shown in FIG. 19, planar coil 142 has the same configuration as planar coil 141, and extends in the directions of arrows Y1 and Y2 and has a width W1, and extends in the directions of arrows X1 and X2. Second portions 142c and 142d having a width W2 are provided. In addition, as viewed in a plan view, a part of the second portions 142 c and 142 d is disposed so as to overlap the first side wall portion 110 b of the frame 110.

  As described above, when the driving current is supplied to the planar coils 141 and 142, the current directions of the first portion 141a (142a) and the first portion 141b (142b) are opposite to each other. And the electromagnetic force by the 1st part 141a (142a) and the 1st part 141b (142b) becomes a driving force for moving the movable part 120.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 18-21, operation | movement of the linear motor 100 by 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

  First, a drive current is supplied to the current line 143 through the electrode pads 170a and 170b. As a result, as shown in FIG. 20, the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field in the directions of arrows Z1 and Z2 (see the broken line arrows in FIG. 20) generated between the N pole surface 121a and the S pole surface 122a of the movable portion 120 (see FIG. 17). The current in the direction of arrows Y1 and Y2 in FIG. 19 flows through the first portions 141a and 141b of the planar coil 141 and the first portions 142a and 142b of the planar coil 142. And the Lorentz force which the electric current which flows through the 1st part 141a (142a) of the planar coil 141 (142) contributes acts on the N pole surface 121a of the 1st magnet 121 in the arrow X2 direction. At the same time, the Lorentz force contributed by the current flowing through the first portion 141b (142b) of the planar coil 141 (142) acts on the S pole surface 122a of the second magnet 122 in the direction of the arrow X2. As described above, the movable unit 120 is linearly moved in the arrow X2 direction.

  Then, after a predetermined time, as shown in FIG. 21, by supplying a drive current in the direction opposite to the state shown in FIG. 20, the movable portion 120 is linearly moved in the direction of the arrow X1 by the same action as described above. . In this way, by switching the direction of the drive current at a predetermined frequency, the movable unit 120 is linearly moved alternately in the direction of the arrow X1 and the direction of the arrow X2 so as to resonate. At this time, the magnetic flux generated between the S pole surface 121b of the first magnet 121 and the N pole surface 122b of the second magnet 122 is absorbed by the yoke 160a and selectively passes through the yoke 160a. It does not occur to penetrate to the outside. Further, the magnetic flux generated between the N-pole surface 121a of the first magnet 121 and the S-pole surface 122a of the second magnet 122 is absorbed by the yoke 160b when passing through the printed circuit board 140 and is selectively passed through the yoke 160b. Does not extend to the outside of the yoke 160b.

  At this time, the movable portion 120 is moved along the directions of the arrows Y1 and Y2, respectively, by the electromagnetic force generated from the second portions 141c (142c) and 141d (142d) facing each other in the planar coil 141 (142). A force in a direction toward the center or a force in a direction of pulling outward from the center along the directions of the arrows Y1 and Y2 is applied.

  In the linear motor 100 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the effects (1) to (5).

  (8) The planar coils 141 and 142 are spirally formed so as to be flat along the moving direction of the movable portion 120. This eliminates the need to provide a region in the height direction (height direction) due to the coil winding surface, compared to the case where the coil winding surface is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the movable part. The thickness in the directions of arrows Z1 and Z2 can be reduced. Therefore, the linear motor 100 can be thinned.

  (9) The movable portion 120 including the N pole surface 121a and the S pole surface 122a having different polarities is provided on the surface facing the planar coil 141 (142), and corresponds to the N pole surface 121a and the S pole surface 122a, respectively. The first portions 141a and 141b (142a and 142b) of the planar coil 141 (142) in which the directions of current flow are opposite to each other are arranged at the positions. As a result, the force applied to the N pole surface 121a and the S pole surface 122a by the electromagnetic force generated when a current flows through the planar coil 141 (142) is in the same direction, so that the movable part 120 is moved in that direction. Can do. That is, since a linear motor can be configured by one spiral planar coil, the apparatus can be reduced in size (reduced area) accordingly.

  In addition, when the polarity of the permanent magnet on the side facing the coil consists of only one type, it is necessary to dispose the coil on both sides in order to move the movable part in one direction and the other direction. (Small area) has a certain limit.

  (10) The N pole surface 121a and the S pole surface 122a of the movable portion 120 are arranged so as to face the surface of the planar coil 141 (142). Thereby, the magnetic force line (magnetic pole surface where the magnetic force line is generated) generated from the movable part 120 side and the magnetic flux line (coil surface where the magnetic flux line is generated) generated by passing a current through the planar coil 141 (142) become parallel. On the other hand, in the structure of the said patent document 2, the magnetic force line from a magnet and the magnetic flux line from a coil are orthogonally crossed. Therefore, compared to the configuration described in Patent Document 2, the configuration in the linear motor 100 has a large amount of overlapping of the magnetic lines of force and the magnetic flux lines, and accordingly, the driving force when moving the movable unit 120 can be increased accordingly. it can.

  (11) On the surface opposite to the surface facing the planar coil 141 (142) of the movable portion 120, the S pole surface 121b is provided at a position corresponding to the N pole surface 121a, and the position corresponding to the S pole surface 122a. N pole surface 122b was provided. As a result, the N pole surface 121a, the S pole surface 122a, the S pole surface 121b, and the N pole surface 122b of the movable portion 120 are mutually moved in the moving direction (arrow X1 and X2 directions) and the thickness direction (arrow Z1 and Z2 directions) are arranged so that different magnetic poles are adjacent to each other. Accordingly, the length of the magnetic flux generated between the magnetic pole surfaces is reduced, and accordingly, the leakage of the magnetic flux to the outside of the linear motor 100 can be suppressed. As a result, when the linear motor 100 is disposed in various devices, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of device malfunction due to magnetic flux leakage from the linear motor 100.

  (12) By providing the yoke 160a having a function as a magnetic shield on the surfaces of the S pole surface 121b and the N pole surface 122b of the movable part 120, the magnetic flux generated between the S pole surface 121b and the N pole surface 122b is linear motor. It is possible to reliably suppress leakage from the bottom plate 150 side of 100 to the outside. Further, by arranging the yoke 160b on the surface of the printed circuit board 140, a magnetic flux is generated between the N-pole surface 121a and the S-pole surface 122a so as to pass through the yoke 160b while passing through the planar coils 141 and 142. To do. Therefore, it is possible to reliably suppress the magnetic flux generated between the N pole surface 121a and the S pole surface 122a from leaking to the outside from the printed circuit board 140 side. As described above, leakage of magnetic flux from the linear motor 100 to the outside can be easily suppressed.

  (13) The pair of leaf springs 130 that support the movable part 120 from both sides are bent so that the support part 130c with the movable part 120 bends along the moving direction (arrow X1 and X2 directions) of the movable part 120. By providing the leaf spring 130, the locus of the support portion 130c moves linearly along the directions of the arrows X1 and X2. As a result, the support portion 130c supports the movable portion 120 while moving linearly along the directions of the arrows X1 and X2, so that when the movable portion 120 moves, the support portion 130c shifts to a contact portion between the support portion 130c and the movable portion 120. Can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to suppress the movable part 120 from rotating while moving, so that the linear motor 100 can be operated stably.

  (14) By making the movable portion 120 a rectangular shape with chamfered corners, the movable portion 120 is caught between the first side wall portion 110b of the frame portion 110 when the movable portion 120 moves compared to the case where the chamfered portion is not chamfered. Can be suppressed. Therefore, it can suppress more reliably that the movable part 120 rotates resulting from such catch.

  (15) The first portion 141a, 141b (142a, 142b) extending in the direction (arrow Y1 direction and arrow Y2 direction) intersecting the moving direction of the movable portion 120 on the planar coil 141 (142), and the movable portion 120 Second portions 141c and 141d (142c and 142d) extending in the moving direction (arrow X1 direction and arrow X2 direction) were provided. The pitch L2 of the current lines 143a (143b) adjacent to the second portions 141c, 141d (142c, 142d) is equal to the pitch L1 of the current lines 143a (143b) adjacent to the first portions 141a, 141b (142a, 142b). It comprised so that it might become smaller.

  Thereby, since the pitch L2 of the second portions 141c, 141d (142c, 142d) is reduced, the lengths of the first portions 141a, 141b (142a, 142b) in the arrow Y1 direction and the arrow Y2 direction are increased. The electromagnetic force for moving the movable part 120 can be increased, and the response time of the movable part 120 can be shortened.

  (16) The current lines 143a (143b) adjacent to the second portions 141c, 141d (142c, 142d) are reduced by reducing the width W2 of the current lines 143a (143b) of the second portions 141c, 141d (142c, 142d). The pitch L2 between them is configured to be smaller than the pitch L1 between the adjacent current lines 143a (143b) of the first portions 141a, 141b (142a, 142b). As a result, the resistance of the current line 143a (143b) can be reduced by the increase in the width W1 of the current line 143a (143b) of the first portions 141a, 141b (142a, 142b), so the current line 143a (143b) The amount of current flowing through can be increased. As a result, the driving force of the movable part 120 can be increased.

  (17) A part of the second portions 141c (142c) and 141d (142d) of the planar coil 141 (142) is disposed so as to overlap the first side wall portion 110b in plan view. As a result, the area where the forces in the directions of the arrows Y1 and Y2 act on the movable portion 120 can be reduced, so that when the movable portion 120 moves linearly in the directions of the arrows X1 and X2, the force in the directions of the arrows Y1 and Y2 Due to this, it is possible to suppress deviation from the linear movement path. As a result, the linear motor 100 can be stably operated. In addition, the first portion 141a that contributes to the generation of electromagnetic force for moving the movable portion 120 by a part of the second portion 141c, 141d (142c, 142d) overlaps the first side wall portion 110b of the frame 110. Since the length of 141b (142a, 142b) can be further increased, the driving force of the movable portion 120 can be increased.

  (18) The direction of current flowing in the first portion 141a (142a) of the planar coil 141 (142) facing the N pole surface 121a and the first portion 141b of the planar coil 141 (142) facing the S pole surface 122a ( 142b) is substantially opposite to the direction of the current flowing through 142b). Accordingly, the first portion 141a (142a) of the planar coil 141 (142) facing the N pole surface 121a and the first portion 141b (142b) of the planar coil 141 (142) facing the S pole surface 122a are formed. Since the force in the same direction works, the movable part 120 can be easily driven.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 22 and FIG. 23 are diagrams for explaining an example of a portable device using the linear motor 1 (100). FIG. 23 is a cross section of a portion including the linear motor 1 (100) of FIG.

  The linear motor 1 (100) according to any of the first and second embodiments of the present invention can be used in a mobile phone 300 or the like as shown in FIGS. The mobile phone 300 includes a linear motor 1 (100), a CPU 310 (see FIG. 23), and a display unit 320. The linear motor 1 (100) is disposed on the surface opposite to the side on which the display unit 320 of the mobile phone 300 is disposed. The display unit 320 is configured by a touch panel panel, and is configured to operate the mobile phone 300 by pressing a button unit 320 a displayed on the display unit 320. The linear motor 1 (100) vibrates when it is detected that the button part 320a displayed on the display part 320 is pressed or when the manner mode is set when a call is received. Are controlled by the CPU 310. The mobile phone 300 is an example of the “mobile device” in the present invention.

  In the mobile phone 300 including the linear motor 1 (100) of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

  (19) By providing the linear motor 1 (100), the mobile phone 300 can be thinned, and the response time (start-up time) until the mobile phone 300 reaches a predetermined vibration amount is shortened. be able to.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown not by the above description of the embodiments but by the scope of claims for patent, and further includes all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims for patent.

  For example, in the first embodiment, the example in which the distance between the movable part and the fixed part is set to 0.5 (mm) is shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the movable part faces the fixed part during operation. If the movable part collides with the fixed part via the leaf spring within a period of five reciprocations after the start of reciprocating movement, the distance between the movable part and the fixed part is set to a distance other than 0.5 (mm). It may be set.

  Moreover, in the said 1st-3rd embodiment, although the example which makes a movable part collide with a fixed part via a leaf | plate spring was shown, this invention is not restricted to this, For example, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 25, the movable portion may be caused to directly collide by supporting one side by two leaf springs (a total of four leaf springs) 430.

  Moreover, in the said 1st Embodiment, although the example which uses a circular shaped movable part seeing planarly was shown as an example of a movable part, this invention is not restricted to this, For example, as shown in FIG. You may use the movable part 520 of the shape where the both ends of circular shape were cut off seeing planarly. An elliptical movable part may also be used.

  Moreover, although the example which arrange | positions a planar coil on the lower surface of the printed circuit board 13 was shown in the said 1st Embodiment, this invention is not limited to this, It seems that a planar coil is arrange | positioned on both the lower surface of the printed circuit board 13, and an upper surface. It may be.

  Moreover, although the example which supplies a drive current (alternating current) from the frequency scanner part 15 to the planar coils 14a and 14b was shown in the said 1st Embodiment, this invention is not limited to this. For example, you may make it supply an alternating current to the planar coils 14a and 14b directly from the outside (mobile telephone side). In this case, the frequency scanner unit 15 becomes unnecessary and the number of parts is deleted, so that the cost of the linear motor 1 can be reduced.

  Moreover, in the said 1st-3rd embodiment, although the inner wall of the stationary part was shown as an example of the member which a movable part collides, this invention is not restricted to this, A movable part in the range which achieves the objective of this invention. If it is a member which can collide, a columnar member etc. may be sufficient.

  In the second embodiment, as an example of the movable part, the example in which the rectangular movable part 120 whose corners are chamfered in plan view is used is shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this and is chamfered. A rectangular movable portion that is not used may be used. Moreover, you may make the movable part 120 into shapes other than rectangular shapes, such as circular shape.

  Moreover, in the said 2nd Embodiment, although the movable part 120 showed the example comprised by N pole surface 121a, S pole surface 122a, S pole surface 121b, and N pole surface 122b, this invention is not limited to this. . For example, the movable part 120 may be configured by only the N pole surface 121a and the S pole surface 122a, and the S pole surface 121b and the N pole surface 122b may not be provided. That is, it is only necessary to provide magnetic pole surfaces magnetized with different magnetism along the surface facing the planar coils 141 and 142.

  Moreover, although the example which provided the movable part 120 so that the 1st magnet 121 and the 2nd magnet 122 may be adjoined was shown in the said 2nd Embodiment, this invention is not limited to this, The 1st magnet 121 and the 2nd For example, a weight such as tungsten may be disposed between the magnet 122 and the magnet 122. In this case, the movable part 120 can be more stably operated by the amount of the weight. At this time, by arranging the weight without changing the volume of the movable portion 120, the weight of the movable portion 120 can be increased while maintaining the same volume as compared with the case where the weight is not arranged. Thereby, the vibration amount of the movable part 120 can be increased easily.

  Moreover, in the said 2nd Embodiment, although the example which provides the yoke 160a on the surface of the S pole surface 121b and the N pole surface 122b of the movable part 120 was shown, this invention is not restricted to this, The yoke 160a is made into S You may arrange | position so that it may extend to the part of a side surface from the surface of the pole surface 121b and the N pole surface 122b. In this case, magnetic flux leakage in the side surface direction (the directions of arrows X1 and X2 in FIG. 17) of the movable unit 120 can be reliably suppressed.

  In the second embodiment, the example in which the movable portion 120 is movably supported by the two leaf springs 130 is shown as an example of the elastic member. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plate such as a coil spring or a rubber member is used. An elastic member other than the spring may be used. Further, the movable part 120 may be supported by three or more leaf springs 130.

  In the second embodiment, the example in which the printed circuit board 140 on which the planar coils 141 and 142 are arranged is arranged only on one surface side of the movable unit 120 is shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the movable unit is not limited thereto. You may arrange | position on the surface of the both sides of 120, respectively. Thereby, since it drives from the both sides of the movable part 120, the driving force of the movable part 120 can be improved. As a result, the response time of the movable part 120 (time until the movable part 120 reaches a predetermined vibration amount) can be shortened. When the printed circuit board 140 is disposed on both surfaces of the movable portion 120, the yoke 160a is not attached to the movable portion 120, but instead the yoke 160b is provided on both sides of the apparatus main body, so that the linear motor 100 (200 It is preferable to suppress magnetic flux leakage to the outside from .about.400).

  In the second embodiment, the example in which the movable portion 120 is supported by the support portions 130c of the pair of leaf springs 130 is shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the support portions 130c of the leaf springs 130 and You may adhere | attach the contact part with the movable part 120. FIG. In addition, it is more preferable that the movable part 120 adheres as the shape is closer to a circle.

  In the second embodiment, the example in which the movable part 120 is directly supported by the leaf spring 130 is shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a plate with a magnetic fluid disposed on the surface of the movable part 120 is used. You may support by the spring 130. FIG. In this case, since the frictional force between the movable part 120 and the first side wall part 110b and the frictional force between the movable part 120 and the bottom plate 150 are reduced by the amount of the magnetic fluid disposed, the movable part 120 is reduced. The response time can be shortened.

  In the second embodiment, the pitch L2 of the second portion 141c (141d) of the planar coil 141 is formed so as to be smaller than the pitch L1 of the first portion 141a (141b) in plan view. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the pitch L2 of a part of the second portion 141c (141d) may be formed to be smaller than the pitch L1 of the first portion 141a (141b).

  Further, in the second embodiment, an example in which a part of the second portion 141c (141d) of the planar coil 141 is arranged so as to overlap the first side wall portion 110b of the frame body 110 in plan view. Although shown, the present invention is not limited to this, and all of the second portion 141c (141d) may be provided so as to overlap the first side wall portion 110b of the frame 110.

It is the top view which showed the structure of the linear motor by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing along the 600-600 line of FIG. It is a top view for demonstrating the structure of the linear motor by 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating operation | movement of the linear motor by 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating operation | movement of the linear motor by 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating operation | movement of the linear motor by 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. It is a top view for demonstrating operation | movement of the linear motor by 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating operation | movement of the linear motor by 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. It is the figure which showed the movable part position in the simulation of the linear motor by 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. It is the figure which showed the acceleration of the housing | casing in the simulation of the linear motor by 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the simulation result of the linear motor by 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the simulation result of the linear motor by 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the simulation result of the linear motor by 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the simulation result of the linear motor by 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the structure of the linear motor by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the linear motor by 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the linear motor by 2nd Embodiment. It is the top view which showed the 1st layer of the planar coil of the linear motor by 2nd Embodiment. It is the top view which showed the 2nd layer of the planar coil of the linear motor by 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating operation | movement of the linear motor by 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating operation | movement of the linear motor by 2nd Embodiment. It is the top view which showed the structure of the portable apparatus by 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed the structure of the portable apparatus by 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view for demonstrating the modification of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view for demonstrating the modification of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view for demonstrating the modification of 1st Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

10 fixed part 11, 110 frame (fixed part)
11a, 11b Inner wall (member)
12, 13, 140 Printed circuit board (fixed part)
14, 143a, 143b Current line 14a, 14b, 141, 142 Planar coil 20, 120 Movable part 30, 130 Leaf spring (elastic member)
141a, 141b, 142a, 142b First part 141c, 141d, 142c, 142d Second part 1,100 Linear motor 300 Mobile phone (mobile device)

Claims (6)

A fixed part having a spiral current line;
A magnetic part having a magnetic pole surface facing the current line, and a movable part provided movably along the surface of the spiral current line;
A linear motor, wherein the fixed portion is provided with a member that collides with the movable portion directly or via an elastic member when the movable portion moves. The movable part is configured to be reciprocally movable,
2. The movable portion according to claim 1, wherein the movable portion collides with the colliding member directly or via an elastic member within a period of 5 reciprocations after the movable portion starts to reciprocate. Linear motor. The elastic member includes a leaf spring,
3. The linear motor according to claim 1, wherein the fixed part is vibrated by causing the movable part to collide with the colliding member via the leaf spring. 4. The spiral current line includes a pair of planar coils arranged apart from each other along the moving direction of the movable part,
The linear motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pair of planar coils are configured to form magnetic fields in opposite directions when an electric current is applied. The spiral current line includes one spiral coil,
The linear motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the movable portion is configured to move based on a magnetic field formed by the one spiral coil.   The portable apparatus provided with the linear motor of any one of Claims 1-5.

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