JP2010051896A - Fluid jetting device, fluid jetting surgical device, and fluid jetting method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluid jetting device which is capable of properly jetting a fluid, to provide a fluid jetting surgical device and to provide a fluid jetting method. <P>SOLUTION: The fluid jetting device 1 is provided with a passage pipe 200 having a passage 201 which allows a pressurized fluid to flow and a fluid jetting port 212 communicating with the passage 201, a fluid supply means 20, 100 to supply the fluid to the passage 201, a control means 30 to control the supply of the fluid by the fluid supply means 20, 100, and a posture detecting means 120 to detect the posture of the passage pipe 200 and to input the signal in answer to the posture of the detected passage pipe 200 into the control means 30. The control means 30 controls the supply of the fluid by the fluid supply means 20, 100 in answer to the signal inputted from the posture detecting means 120. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluid ejecting apparatus that ejects pressurized fluid, a fluid ejecting surgical instrument, and a fluid ejecting method.

Conventionally, as this type of technology, for example, a fluid ejecting apparatus that pumps a high-pressure fluid from a fluid source to a nozzle pipe provided in a handpiece and ejects the high-pressure fluid from an ejection nozzle of the nozzle pipe by driving a pressure pump (See Patent Document 1).
And in the said prior art, a pressurization pump is driven by operating the switch provided in the handpiece.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-92009

However, in the above prior art, when a switch provided on the handpiece is erroneously operated, high pressure fluid may be ejected from the ejection nozzle against the user's intention.
For example, when the handpiece is transferred, if the switch is operated unintentionally, the high pressure fluid is erroneously ejected from the ejection nozzle.
In this case, the fluid is ejected toward something other than the ejection object, or the fluid ejected from the ejection nozzle is scattered around.
This invention is made in view of the said prior art, Comprising: It aims at providing the fluid ejection apparatus, the fluid ejection surgical instrument, and the fluid ejection method which can perform the ejection of a fluid appropriately.

  In order to achieve the above object, a fluid ejecting apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention supplies a fluid channel to a flow path tube having a flow path for flowing pressurized fluid and a fluid ejection port communicating with the flow path, and the fluid to the flow path. Fluid supply means; control means for controlling the supply of fluid by the fluid supply means; attitude detection means for detecting the attitude of the channel pipe and inputting a signal corresponding to the detected attitude of the channel pipe to the control means; The control means controls the supply of fluid by the fluid supply means in accordance with the signal input from the posture detection means.

In the fluid ejection device according to the first aspect of the invention, the fluid supply by the fluid supply means is controlled in accordance with the posture of the flow channel tube, so that the fluid can be ejected appropriately. For example, when the posture of the channel tube is not appropriate as the posture for ejecting the fluid, it can be controlled not to eject the fluid, so that the fluid can be ejected appropriately.
Here, for example, a connection channel 201 described later corresponds to the channel. For example, a fluid ejection opening 212 described later corresponds to the fluid ejection port. An example of the flow path tube is a connection flow path tube 200 described later. As the fluid supply means, for example, a pump 20 and a pulsation generating unit 100 described later are applicable. For example, the control means 30 described later corresponds to the control means. As the posture detection means, for example, posture detection means 120 described later corresponds.

Further, the fluid ejecting apparatus according to the second invention is the fluid ejecting apparatus according to the first invention, wherein the control means is perpendicular to the fluid ejection direction axis of the fluid ejection port based on the signal input from the attitude detecting means. An angle formed with the shaft is detected, and fluid supply by the fluid supply means is controlled according to the detected angle.
In the fluid ejecting apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, since the fluid supply by the fluid supplying means is controlled according to the angle formed by the fluid ejecting direction axis of the fluid ejecting port and the vertical axis, the fluid is ejected more appropriately. It becomes possible. For example, the fluid ejecting apparatus is normally used in a state where the fluid ejecting direction is downward. That is, normally, the fluid ejecting apparatus is not used in a state where the fluid ejecting direction is upward. Therefore, when the angle formed by the fluid ejection direction axis of the fluid ejection port and the vertical axis is increased to some extent, it can be controlled not to eject the fluid, so that the fluid can be ejected appropriately. It becomes.

The fluid ejecting apparatus according to the third invention is the fluid ejecting apparatus according to the second invention, wherein the control means starts the fluid supply by the fluid supplying means only when the detected angle is within a predetermined range. It is possible to make it possible.
In the fluid ejection device according to the third aspect of the present invention, the fluid supply means can start the fluid supply only when the angle formed by the fluid ejection direction axis of the fluid ejection port and the vertical axis is within a predetermined range. This makes it possible to suppress erroneous start of fluid injection. For example, it is possible to prevent the ejection of fluid from being erroneously started when delivering the flow channel pipe.

The fluid ejecting apparatus according to the fourth invention is the fluid ejecting apparatus according to the second or third invention, wherein the control means detects the detected angle exceeding a predetermined range during the fluid supply by the fluid supplying means. In this case, the supply of fluid by the fluid supply means is suppressed or stopped.
In the fluid ejecting apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the angle formed between the fluid ejection direction axis of the fluid ejection port and the vertical axis exceeds a predetermined range, the fluid supply by the fluid supply means is suppressed or stopped. It is possible to prevent the fluid from being accidentally scattered during the jetting.
The fluid ejecting apparatus according to the fifth invention is the fluid ejecting apparatus according to the third or fourth invention, wherein the predetermined range is 60 ° or less.
In the fluid ejecting apparatus according to the fifth aspect, since the predetermined range is set to 60 ° or less, the fluid can be ejected more appropriately.

A fluid ejecting apparatus according to a sixth aspect is the fluid ejecting apparatus according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the fluid is supplied from the outlet flow path communicating with the flow path and the fluid supply means. A pulsation generator having an inlet channel, an outlet channel and a fluid chamber communicating with the inlet channel, and a volume changing unit capable of changing a volume of the fluid chamber. It is characterized by comprising.
In the fluid ejection device according to the sixth aspect of the invention, the pulsating fluid can be ejected by providing the pulsation generator.
Here, for example, an outlet channel 511 described later corresponds to the outlet channel. For example, an inlet channel 503 described later corresponds to the inlet channel. For example, a fluid chamber 501 described later corresponds to the fluid chamber. For example, a piezoelectric element 401 described later corresponds to the volume changing unit. As the pulsation generation unit, for example, a pulsation generation unit 100 described later corresponds.

Further, the fluid ejection surgical instrument according to the seventh aspect of the present invention is a flow path tube having a flow path for flowing pressurized fluid and a fluid ejection port communicating with the flow path, a fluid supply means for supplying fluid to the flow path, Control means for controlling the supply of fluid by the fluid supply means, and attitude detecting means for detecting the attitude of the flow channel tube and inputting a signal corresponding to the detected attitude of the flow channel tube to the control means, Is characterized in that the supply of fluid by the fluid supply means is controlled in accordance with a signal input from the posture detection means, and the surgical target site is incised or excised with the ejected fluid.
In the fluid ejection surgical instrument according to the seventh aspect of the invention, the fluid supply by the fluid supply means is controlled in accordance with the posture of the flow channel tube, so that the fluid can be ejected appropriately.

Furthermore, the fluid ejection method according to the eighth aspect of the invention supplies pressurized fluid to the flow path of the flow path tube, detects the attitude of the flow path pipe, and determines the fluid flow according to the detected attitude of the flow path pipe. The supply is controlled, and the fluid whose supply is controlled is ejected from a fluid ejection port communicating with the flow path.
In the fluid ejection method according to the eighth aspect of the invention, the fluid supply is controlled in accordance with the attitude of the flow channel tube, so that the fluid can be ejected appropriately.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The fluid ejecting apparatus according to the present invention can be applied to drawing using ink or the like, washing of fine objects and structures, a scalpel for surgery, and the like.
In the present embodiment, a case where the fluid ejection device according to the present invention is applied to a water pulse knife suitable for incising or excising a living tissue will be described. Therefore, the fluid used in the present embodiment is water, physiological saline, a chemical solution, or the like.

(Constitution)
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a water pulse knife according to an embodiment of the present invention.
A water pulse knife (fluid ejecting apparatus, fluid ejecting surgical instrument) 1 shown in FIG. 1 pulsates a fluid container 10 that contains fluid, a pump 20 that supplies fluid at a constant pressure, and fluid supplied from the pump 20. A pulsation generating unit 100 that flows, and a control unit 30 that controls the pulsation generating unit 100 and the pump 20 are provided.
The fluid container 10 contains a fluid such as water, physiological saline, or a chemical solution.
The pump 20 sucks the fluid stored in the fluid container 10 through the connection tube 15. The pump 20 supplies the sucked fluid to the pulsation generator 100 through the connection tube 25 at a constant pressure. The discharge pressure of the pump 20 is generally set to 3 atm (0.3 MPa) or less.

Note that when performing an operation using the water pulse knife 1, the part grasped by the operator is the pulsation generator 100 or the connecting flow channel tube 200. Therefore, it is preferable that the connection tube 25 up to the pulsation generator 100 be as flexible as possible. For this purpose, it is preferable that the pressure is reduced within a range in which fluid can be sent to the pulsation generator 100 with a flexible and thin tube.
The pulsation generator 100 includes a fluid chamber 501 (see FIG. 2) and a volume changing unit for the fluid chamber 501. In the present embodiment, the piezoelectric element 401 is used as the volume changing means of the fluid chamber 501.

Next, the pulsation generator 100 will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a pulsation generating portion of the water pulse knife shown in FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which the pulsation generator shown in FIG. 2 is disassembled.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the pulsation generator 100 includes an upper case 500 and a lower case 301. Then, the upper case 500 and the lower case 301 are joined on the surfaces facing each other, and are screwed together by four fixing screws (not shown).
The lower case 301 is a cylindrical member having a flange, and one end is sealed with a bottom plate 311. A piezoelectric element 401 is disposed in the internal space of the lower case 301.

The piezoelectric element 401 is a laminated piezoelectric element and constitutes an actuator. One end of the piezoelectric element 401 is fixed to the diaphragm 400 via the upper plate 411. The other end of the piezoelectric element 401 is fixed to the upper surface 312 of the bottom plate 311.
Diaphragm 400 is formed of a disk-shaped metal thin plate, and a peripheral edge thereof is closely fixed to a bottom surface of recess 303 in recess 303 of lower case 301. By inputting a drive signal to the piezoelectric element 401 as volume changing means, the volume of the fluid chamber 501 is changed via the diaphragm 400 as the piezoelectric element 401 expands and contracts. Thus, by adopting a structure that employs the piezoelectric element 401 and the diaphragm 400 as the volume changing means, the structure can be simplified and the size can be reduced accordingly. Moreover, the maximum frequency of the volume change of the fluid chamber 501 can be set to a high frequency of 1 KHz or more, which is optimal for high-speed pulsating flow injection.

On the upper surface of the diaphragm 400, a reinforcing plate 410 (not shown in FIG. 3) made of a disk-shaped thin metal plate having an opening at the center is laminated.
The upper case 500 has a recess at the center of the surface facing the lower case 301. A fluid chamber 501 is a rotating body formed of the recess and the diaphragm 400 and filled with fluid. That is, the fluid chamber 501 is a space surrounded by the sealing surface 505 of the concave portion of the upper case 500, the inner peripheral side wall 501 a, and the diaphragm 400. An outlet channel 511 is formed in a substantially central portion of the fluid chamber 501.
The outlet channel 511 is penetrated from the fluid chamber 501 to the end of the outlet channel pipe 510 protruding from one end surface of the upper case 500. A connection portion between the outlet channel 511 and the sealing surface 505 of the fluid chamber 501 is smoothly rounded to reduce fluid resistance.

In addition, although the shape of the fluid chamber 501 is a substantially cylindrical shape with both ends sealed in this embodiment (see FIG. 2), it may be conical, trapezoidal, hemispherical, or the like when viewed from the side. For example, if the connecting portion between the outlet channel 511 and the sealing surface 505 is shaped like a funnel, bubbles in the fluid chamber 501 described later can be easily discharged.
A connection channel pipe 200 is connected to the outlet channel pipe 510. A connection channel 201 is formed in the connection channel pipe 200. The diameter of the connection channel 201 is formed larger than the diameter of the outlet channel 511. Further, the thickness of the pipe portion of the connection flow path pipe 200 is formed in a range having rigidity that does not absorb the pressure pulsation of the fluid.
A nozzle 211 is inserted into the distal end portion of the connection flow channel pipe 200. A fluid ejection port 212 is formed in the nozzle 211. The diameter of the fluid ejection port 212 is smaller than the diameter of the connection channel 201.

On the side surface of the upper case 500, an inlet channel tube 502 into which the connection tube 25 that supplies fluid from the pump 20 is inserted is projected. A connection channel 504 on the inlet channel side is formed in the inlet channel tube 502. The connection channel 504 communicates with the inlet channel 503. The inlet channel 503 is formed in a groove shape on the peripheral edge of the sealing surface 505 of the fluid chamber 501 and communicates with the fluid chamber 501.
A packing box 304 is formed on the lower case 301 side and a packing box 506 is formed on the upper case 500 side at a position spaced apart in the outer peripheral direction of the diaphragm 400 on the joint surface between the upper case 500 and the lower case 301. A ring-shaped packing 450 is mounted in a space formed by the packing box 304 and the packing box 506.

Here, when the upper case 500 and the lower case 301 are assembled, the peripheral portion of the diaphragm 400 and the peripheral portion of the reinforcing plate 410 are the peripheral portion of the sealing surface 505 of the upper case 500 and the concave portion 303 of the lower case 301. It is closely attached by the bottom. At this time, the packing 450 is pressed by the upper case 500 and the lower case 301 to prevent fluid leakage from the fluid chamber 501.
The fluid chamber 501 is in a high pressure state of 30 atm (3 MPa) or more when fluid is discharged, and the fluid may slightly leak at the joints of the diaphragm 400, the reinforcing plate 410, the upper case 500, and the lower case 301. However, the packing 450 prevents leakage.
When the packing 450 is disposed as shown in FIG. 2, the packing 450 is compressed by the pressure of the fluid leaking from the fluid chamber 501 at a high pressure, and is further pressed against the walls in the packing boxes 304 and 506. Leakage can be more reliably prevented. From this, a high pressure rise in the fluid chamber 501 can be maintained during driving.

Next, the inlet channel 503 formed in the upper case 500 will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the inlet flow path of the pulsation generating section shown in FIG. 2, and shows a state in which the upper case is viewed from the joint surface side with the lower case.
As shown in FIG. 4, the inlet channel 503 has one end communicating with the fluid chamber 501 and the other end communicating with the connection channel 504. A fluid reservoir 507 is formed at a connection portion between the inlet channel 503 and the connection channel 504. By providing the fluid reservoir 507 at the connection portion between the inlet channel 503 and the connection channel 504, the influence of the inertance of the connection channel 504 on the inlet channel 503 can be suppressed. The connection between the fluid reservoir 507 and the inlet channel 503 is smoothly rounded to reduce the fluid resistance.

In addition, the inlet channel 503 communicates with the inner peripheral side wall 501a of the fluid chamber 501 in a substantially tangential direction. The fluid supplied at a constant pressure from the pump 20 (see FIG. 1) flows along the inner peripheral wall 501a (in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 4) to generate a swirling flow in the fluid chamber 501. The swirling flow is pressed against the inner peripheral side wall 501a by the centrifugal force caused by swirling, and the bubbles contained in the fluid chamber 501 are concentrated at the center of the swirling flow.
Then, the bubbles collected at the center are excluded from the outlet channel 511. For this reason, it is more preferable that the outlet channel 511 is provided in the vicinity of the center of the swirling flow, that is, in the axial center portion of the rotating body. In FIG. 4, the planar shape of the inlet channel 503 is curved. The inlet channel 503 may be communicated with the fluid chamber 501 in a straight line, but is curved from the necessity of increasing the channel length of the inlet channel 503 in order to obtain a desired inertance in a narrow space. .

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the reinforcement board 410 is arrange | positioned between the diaphragm 400 and the peripheral part of the sealing surface 505 in which the inlet flow path 503 is formed. The meaning of providing the reinforcing plate 410 is to improve the durability of the diaphragm 400. Since the notch-like connection opening 509 is formed in the connection portion of the inlet channel 503 with the fluid chamber 501, stress concentration occurs in the vicinity of the connection opening 509 when the diaphragm 400 is driven at a high frequency. May cause fatigue failure. Therefore, by providing the reinforcing plate 410 having a continuous opening without a notch, stress concentration does not occur in the diaphragm 400.
Further, four screw holes 500a are formed at the outer peripheral corner of the upper case 500, and the upper case 500 and the lower case 301 are screwed and joined at the screw hole positions.

Although illustration is omitted, the reinforcing plate 410 and the diaphragm 400 can be joined and integrally laminated and fixed. If the reinforcing plate 410 and the diaphragm 400 are laminated and fixed together, the assembling property of the pulsation generating unit 100 can be improved, and the outer peripheral edge of the diaphragm 400 can be reinforced. As an adhering means, solid layer diffusion bonding, welding, or the like can be adopted even when sticking using an adhesive, but the reinforcing plate 410 and the diaphragm 400 are more closely attached to each other at the joining surface. preferable.
Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the pulsation generating unit 100 includes a hand switch 110 and a posture detecting means 120. 2 and 3, illustration of the hand switch 110 and the posture detection means 120 is omitted.

The hand switch 110 inputs a drive start signal to the control means 30 when the hand switch 110 is turned on by an operator's operation.
The posture detection unit 120 inputs a signal corresponding to the posture of the connection flow channel pipe 200 connected to the pulsation generator 100 to the control unit 30. The posture detection unit 120 always inputs a signal corresponding to the posture of the pulsation generator 100 to the control unit 30. As the attitude detection means 120, a gyro sensor, an acceleration sensor, or the like can be used.

The control unit 30 detects the direction of the fluid ejection opening 212 based on the signal input from the posture detection unit 120. Here, the direction of the fluid ejection opening 212 is synonymous with the fluid ejection direction of the fluid ejection opening 212.
Specifically, the control unit 30 detects the attitude of the connection flow channel pipe 200 based on the signal input from the attitude detection unit 120. Then, the control means 30 detects an angle (hereinafter referred to as a nozzle angle) formed by the fluid ejection direction axis of the fluid ejection opening 212 and the vertical axis from the detected attitude of the connection flow channel pipe 200. The control means 30 always detects the nozzle angle.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the nozzle angle.
As shown in FIG. 5, the fluid ejection direction axis a of the fluid ejection opening 212 refers to the central axis of the fluid ejection opening 212 formed in the nozzle 211. The vertical axis b is an axis extending vertically downward from an arbitrary point on the central axis. The nozzle angle α is an angle formed by the fluid ejection direction axis a of the fluid ejection opening 212 and the vertical axis b. The injection direction axis and the vertical axis are virtual axes.
Then, the control unit 30 controls the pump 20 and the pulsation generator 100 based on the drive start signal input from the hand switch 110 and the detected nozzle angle.
Next, control of the pump 20 and the pulsation generator 100 by the control means 30 will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing processing by the control means 30 at the start of fluid ejection. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing processing by the control means 30 during fluid ejection.
Here, the control means 30 repeatedly executes the process shown in FIG. 6 and the process shown in FIG. 7 while the water pulse knife 1 is activated.
First, processing by the control means 30 at the start of fluid ejection will be described. At the start of fluid ejection, the hand switch 110 is turned off, and no control start signal is input from the hand switch 110 to the control means 30. In this case, the pump 20 and the pulsation generator 100 are not driven.

As shown in FIG. 6, at the start of fluid ejection, the control means 30 first determines whether or not a control start signal is input from the hand switch 110 in step S1. And when it determines with the control start signal having been input from the hand switch 110 (Yes), it transfers to step S2. On the other hand, when it determines with the control start signal not being input from the hand switch 110 (No), the process of step S1 is repeated.
In step S2, the control unit 30 determines whether the detected nozzle angle is within a predetermined range. In the present embodiment, it is determined whether or not the detected nozzle angle is 60 ° or less. And when it determines with the detected nozzle angle being 60 degrees or less (Yes), it transfers to step S3. On the other hand, when it determines with the detected nozzle angle not being 60 degrees or less (No), a series of processes are complete | finished. That is, when it is determined that the detected nozzle angle is not 60 ° or less (No), the pump 20 and the pulsation generator 100 are not driven.

Further, the control means 30 starts driving the pump 20 in step S3, and proceeds to step S4.
Further, in step S4, the control means 30 starts to input a drive signal to the piezoelectric element 401 of the pulsation generator 100, and ends a series of processes. In this case, when the drive signal is input to the piezoelectric element 401 of the pulsation generating unit 100, the driving of the pulsation generating unit 100 is started. Note that the signal input to the piezoelectric element 401 by the control means 30 is a voltage signal.

Next, processing by the control unit 30 during fluid ejection will be described. During fluid ejection, the hand switch 110 is turned on, and a control start signal is being input from the hand switch 110 to the control means 30. In this case, the pump 20 and the pulsation generator 100 are driven.
As shown in FIG. 7, during fluid ejection, the control means 30 first determines whether or not the input of a control start signal from the hand switch 110 is stopped in step S11. And when it determines with the input of the control start signal from the hand switch 110 having been stopped (Yes), it transfers to step S13. On the other hand, when it determines with the input of the control start signal from the hand switch 110 not having been stopped (No), it transfers to step S12.

Moreover, the control means 30 determines whether the detected nozzle angle exceeded the predetermined range in step S12. In the present embodiment, it is determined whether or not the detected nozzle angle exceeds 60 °. And when it determines with the detected nozzle angle having exceeded 60 degrees (Yes), it transfers to step S13. On the other hand, when it determines with the detected nozzle angle not exceeding 60 degrees (No), a series of processes are complete | finished. That is, when it determines with the detected nozzle angle not exceeding 60 degrees (No), the drive of the pulsation generation | occurrence | production part 100 and the pump 20 is continued.
Furthermore, the control means 30 stops the input of the drive signal to the piezoelectric element 401 of the pulsation generator 100 in step S13, and proceeds to step S14.
Moreover, the control means 30 stops the drive of the pump 20 in step S14, and complete | finishes a series of processes. In this case, the drive of the pulsation generator 100 is stopped by stopping the input of the drive signal to the piezoelectric element 401 of the pulsation generator 100.

Next, the operation of the water pulse knife 1 according to this embodiment will be described.
The fluid discharge of the pulsation generating unit 100 of the water pulse knife 1 according to the present embodiment may be called an inertance L1 on the inlet channel side (sometimes referred to as a synthetic inertance L1) and an inertance L2 on the outlet channel side (called a synthetic inertance L2). Is done by the difference of
First, inertance will be described.
The inertance L is expressed by L = ρ × h / S, where ρ is the density of the fluid, S is the cross-sectional area of the flow path, and h is the length of the flow path. When the pressure difference in the flow path is ΔP and the flow rate of the fluid flowing through the flow path is Q, the relationship of ΔP = L × dQ / dt is derived by modifying the equation of motion in the flow path using the inertance L. It is.

That is, the inertance L indicates the degree of influence on the time change of the flow rate. The larger the inertance L, the less the time change of the flow rate, and the smaller the inertance L, the greater the time change of the flow rate.
In addition, the combined inertance related to the parallel connection of a plurality of flow paths and the series connection of a plurality of flow paths having different shapes is performed by synthesizing the inertance of individual flow paths in the same manner as the parallel connection or series connection of inductances in an electric circuit. Can be calculated.
The inertance L1 on the inlet flow path side is calculated in the range of the inlet flow path 503 because the connection flow path 504 is set to have a sufficiently large diameter with respect to the inlet flow path 503. At this time, since the connection tube connecting the pump 20 and the inlet channel has flexibility, it may be deleted from the calculation of the inertance L1.

Further, the inertance L2 on the outlet flow channel side has a much larger diameter of the connection flow channel 201 than the outlet flow channel, and the pipe portion (tube wall) of the connection flow channel pipe 200 has a small thickness. Minor. Therefore, the inertance L2 on the outlet channel side may be replaced with the inertance of the outlet channel 511.
Note that the thickness of the pipe wall of the connection flow path pipe 200 has sufficient rigidity for the pressure propagation of the fluid.
In this embodiment, the flow path length and cross-sectional area of the inlet flow path 503 and the flow path length and cross-sectional area of the outlet flow path 511 are such that the inertance L1 on the inlet flow path side is larger than the inertance L2 on the outlet flow path side. Set.

Next, the operation of the pulsation generator 100 will be described.
When the control means 30 starts driving the pump 20, the fluid is always supplied to the inlet channel 503 by the pump 20 at a constant hydraulic pressure. As a result, when the piezoelectric element 401 does not operate, the fluid flows into the fluid chamber 501 due to the difference between the discharge force of the pump 20 and the fluid resistance value of the entire inlet channel side.
When the control unit 30 inputs a drive signal to the piezoelectric element 401, the volume of the fluid chamber 501 is changed via the diaphragm 400 as the piezoelectric element 401 expands and contracts.
That is, if a drive signal is input to the piezoelectric element 401 and the piezoelectric element 401 is suddenly expanded, the pressures in the fluid chamber 501 are sufficiently large in the inertances L1 and L2 on the inlet channel side and the outlet channel side. If it does, it will rise rapidly and reach several tens of atmospheres.

Since this pressure is much larger than the pressure by the pump 20 applied to the inlet channel 503, the inflow of fluid from the inlet channel side into the fluid chamber 501 is reduced by the pressure, and the outflow from the outlet channel 511. Will increase. Therefore, there is no need for a check valve provided on the inlet channel side, such as the water pulse knife according to Patent Document 1 described above.
Here, the inertance L1 of the inlet channel 503 is larger than the inertance L2 of the outlet channel 511. Therefore, since the increase amount of the fluid discharged from the outlet channel is larger than the decrease amount of the flow rate of the fluid flowing into the fluid chamber 501 from the inlet channel 503, the pulsed fluid discharge to the connection channel 201, that is, A pulsating flow is generated. The pressure fluctuation at the time of discharge propagates through the connection flow path pipe 200, and the fluid is ejected from the fluid ejection port 212 of the nozzle 211 at the tip.

That is, the pulsation generation unit 100 drives the piezoelectric element 401 to generate pulsation, thereby ejecting the fluid supplied from the pump 20 through the connection flow channel pipe 200 and the nozzle 211 at high speed.
Here, since the diameter of the fluid ejection port 212 of the nozzle 211 is smaller than the diameter of the outlet channel 511, the fluid is ejected as high-pressure, high-speed pulsed droplets.
On the other hand, the inside of the fluid chamber 501 is in a vacuum state immediately after the pressure rises due to the interaction between the decrease in the fluid inflow amount from the inlet channel 503 and the increase in the fluid outflow from the outlet channel 511. As a result, after a predetermined time has elapsed due to both the pressure of the pump 20 and the vacuum state in the fluid chamber 501, the fluid in the inlet channel 503 flows toward the fluid chamber 501 at the same speed as before the operation of the piezoelectric element 401. Return.

After the fluid flow in the inlet channel 503 is restored, the pulsating flow from the nozzle 211 can be continuously ejected if the piezoelectric element 401 expands.
Further, in the operation of the pulsation generating unit 100 described above, the fluid chamber 501 has a substantially rotating body shape and includes an inlet channel 503 as a swirling flow generating unit, and the outlet channel 511 has a substantially rotating body shape. Therefore, a swirling flow is generated in the fluid chamber 501, and the bubbles contained in the fluid are quickly discharged from the outlet channel 511 to the outside.
Therefore, even in a minute volume change of the fluid chamber 501 by the piezoelectric element 401, a sufficient pressure increase can be obtained without hindering the pressure fluctuation by the bubbles.

Here, in the operation of the pulsation generating unit 100 described above, the control unit 30 receives the control start signal from the hand switch 110 at the start of fluid ejection, and only when the detected nozzle angle is 60 ° or less. The driving of the pump 20 and the pulsation generator 100 is started. That is, the control means 30 does not start driving the pump 20 and the pulsation generator 100 when the detected nozzle angle is not 60 ° or less.
Accordingly, it is possible to suppress erroneous ejection of fluid when the fluid ejection direction of the fluid ejection opening 212 is not appropriate as a posture for ejecting fluid.
For example, during the operation, the pulsation generating unit 100 is frequently delivered between operators. When the pulsation generator 100 is delivered, even if the hand switch 110 is operated unintentionally, if the detected nozzle angle is not 60 ° or less, the ejection of fluid is not started. Therefore, it is possible to suppress erroneous injection of fluid.

Moreover, the control means 30 stops the drive of the pump 20 and the pulsation generation | occurrence | production part 100, when the detected nozzle angle exceeds 60 degrees during fluid ejection.
Accordingly, when the fluid is ejected, it is possible to prevent the fluid from being accidentally scattered when the fluid ejection direction of the fluid ejection opening 212 is not appropriate as the posture for ejecting the fluid. Become.
Therefore, according to the water pulse knife 1 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to appropriately eject the fluid.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but includes modifications and improvements as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved.
For example, in the above embodiment, the hand switch 110 is used as a switch for inputting a drive start signal to the control means 30. However, instead of the hand switch 110, a foot switch may be used as a switch for inputting the drive start signal to the control means 30.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, the pump 20 and the pulsation generating part 100 are used as a fluid supply means. However, the configuration may be such that only the pump is used as the fluid supply means without providing the pulsation generator 100. In this case, the fluid ejected from the fluid ejection opening 212 of the connection flow channel pipe 200 is a continuous flow.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, the control means 30 becomes a structure which stops the drive of the pump 20 and the pulsation generation | occurrence | production part 100, when the detected nozzle angle exceeds 60 degrees during fluid injection. However, when the detected nozzle angle exceeds 60 ° during fluid ejection, the fluid ejected from the fluid ejection opening 212 may be suppressed. Further, when the detected nozzle angle exceeds 60 °, the fluid ejected from the fluid ejection opening 212 may be suppressed according to the detected nozzle angle. In addition, suppressing the fluid ejected from the fluid ejection opening 212 includes suppressing the strength of the ejected fluid and suppressing the amount of the ejected fluid.
Furthermore, in the said embodiment, the predetermined range is set to 60 degrees or less. However, the predetermined range can be set as appropriate within a certain safe range.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the water pulse knife which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the pulsation generation | occurrence | production part of the water pulse knife shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the outline of the state which decomposed | disassembled the pulsation generation | occurrence | production part shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows the inlet flow path of the pulsation generation | occurrence | production part shown in FIG. 2, and represents the state which visually recognized the upper case from the joint surface side with a lower case. It is a schematic diagram which shows a nozzle angle. It is a flowchart which shows the process by the control means at the time of the fluid injection start. It is a flowchart which shows the process by the control means in the time of fluid injection.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water pulse knife (fluid ejection apparatus, fluid ejection surgical instrument), 201 connection flow path (flow path), 212 fluid ejection opening (fluid ejection opening), 200 connection flow path pipe (flow path pipe), 20 pump (fluid Supply means), 100 pulsation generator (fluid supply means), 30 control means, 120 attitude detection means, 511 outlet flow path, 503 inlet flow path, 501 fluid chamber, 401 piezoelectric element (volume changing means).

Claims (8)

A flow path pipe having a flow path for flowing pressurized fluid and a fluid ejection port communicating with the flow path;
Fluid supply means for supplying fluid to the flow path;
Control means for controlling the supply of fluid by the fluid supply means;
Posture detecting means for detecting the posture of the flow channel tube and inputting a signal corresponding to the detected posture of the flow channel tube to the control means;
The fluid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls supply of fluid by the fluid supply unit in accordance with a signal input from the posture detection unit. The control means includes
Based on a signal input from the posture detection means, an angle formed by a fluid ejection direction axis of the fluid ejection port and a vertical axis is detected,
The fluid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fluid supply by the fluid supply unit is controlled according to the detected angle. The control means includes
3. The fluid ejecting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the fluid supply unit can start the fluid supply only when the detected angle is within a predetermined range. The control means includes
4. The fluid according to claim 2, wherein the fluid supply by the fluid supply unit is suppressed or stopped when the detected angle exceeds the predetermined range during the fluid supply by the fluid supply unit. Injection device.   The fluid ejecting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined range is 60 ° or less. An outlet channel communicating with the channel, an inlet channel supplied with fluid from the fluid supply means, a fluid chamber communicating with the outlet channel and the inlet channel, and the volume of the fluid chamber can be changed. A pulsation generator having a volume changing means,
The fluid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pulsation generating unit constitutes the fluid supply unit. A flow path pipe having a flow path for flowing pressurized fluid and a fluid ejection port communicating with the flow path;
Fluid supply means for supplying fluid to the flow path;
Control means for controlling the supply of fluid by the fluid supply means;
Posture detecting means for detecting the posture of the flow channel tube and inputting a signal corresponding to the detected posture of the flow channel tube to the control means;
The control means controls the supply of fluid by the fluid supply means according to a signal input from the posture detection means,
A fluid ejection surgical instrument characterized by incising or excising a surgical target site with ejected fluid. Supply pressurized fluid to the channel of the channel tube,
Detecting the posture of the channel tube;
Control the supply of fluid according to the detected posture of the channel tube,
A fluid ejecting method, wherein the fluid whose supply is controlled is ejected from a fluid ejecting port communicating with the flow path.

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