JP2010047857A - Nonwoven fabric and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a nonwoven fabric usable as a protective nonwoven fabric or the like for glasshouses or the like because of having characteristics excellent in the piercing resistant value, bulking characteristics and air permeation resistance. <P>SOLUTION: The nonwoven fabric is a staple nonwoven fabric comprising a highly functional fiber as a main component and having a 100-3,000 g/m<SP>2</SP>weight, and has 100-1,000 g piercing resistance value, 15-50% compressibility and 0.1-30 cm<SP>3</SP>/cm<SP>2</SP>/s air permeability. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a nonwoven fabric excellent in puncture resistance, bulkiness and air permeability and a method for producing the same.

  There are many dangerous operations at manufacturing plants. For example, in a glass or liquid crystal manufacturing factory, it is easy to hurt hands, necks, etc. due to glass fragments, piercing or cutting at edges. For this reason, protective gears such as gloves and hoods that can be operated safely and with peace of mind are used. However, thick fabrics and hard fabrics are used for that purpose, and workability and wearing feeling are inferior. Therefore, it is desired to develop a further protective device that can cope with fine work and is excellent in wearing feeling.

  For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2007-107139 proposes a protective fabric and a manufacturing method thereof (see Patent Document 1). However, this technique is intended to reduce the feeling of being stiff by making microfilaments, and the workability is likely to be lowered because the fabric becomes thicker by increasing the number of laminated fabrics.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-321622 proposes a protective fabric excellent in puncture resistance and excellent in soft feeling and workability and a method for manufacturing the same (see Patent Document 2). However, this technique is a technique in which constituent yarns of a woven or knitted fabric are made into microfilaments and the microfilaments are entangled with each other, and it is necessary to laminate a large number of fabrics.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-22454 proposes a protective sheet having excellent cut resistance (see Patent Document 3). This technique has a problem that the puncture resistance is low because the high elastic fiber is simply made into a bulky nonwoven fabric.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-144886 proposes a knitted fabric knitted with aramid fibers as a stab-proof material (see Patent Document 4). However, this technique requires a plurality of knitted fabrics to be stacked. As a result, the fabric becomes thick and the workability tends to deteriorate.

  Furthermore, JP-A-6-342609 proposes an aramid nonwoven fabric having a specific heat shrinkage rate (see Patent Document 5). However, this technique is a pressed thin paper and does not have a protective performance.

Therefore, the conventional technology has not proposed a protective material that can cope with fine work and has a good wearing feeling.
JP 2007-107139 A JP 2007-32162 A JP 2006-22454 A JP 2005-144886 A JP-A-6-342609

  The present invention has been made in view of the background of such conventional technology, and provides a nonwoven fabric excellent in puncture resistance and cut resistance, and also having bulkiness, air resistance, flame retardancy, and the like, and a method for producing the same. The purpose is to do.

  The present invention is characterized by any one of the following configurations (1) to (5) in order to solve the problems of the conventional technology.

(1) A short fiber nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 100 to 3000 g / m ² mainly composed of highly functional fibers, a puncture resistance value of 100 to 1000 g, a compression rate of 15 to 50%, and a breathability of 0.1. A non-woven fabric characterized in that it is -30 cm ³ / cm ² / sec.

  (2) The non-woven fabric according to (1), wherein the high-functional fibers are made of para-aramid fibers.

  (3) The nonwoven fabric according to (1) or (2), wherein a part or all of the short fibers located on the front (front) surface of the short fiber nonwoven fabric are flattened.

  (4) The fiber diameter of the short fiber located on the front (front) surface of the short fiber nonwoven fabric is 1.3 to 3.0 times the fiber diameter of the short fiber located on the inner layer or the back surface. The nonwoven fabric according to (3) above.

  (5) A method for producing a hard surface nonwoven fabric according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein a short fiber nonwoven fabric mainly composed of high-functional fibers is rolled to a roll temperature of room temperature to 300 ° C. A method for producing a non-woven fabric, characterized by heat-pressing one or both sides at a linear pressure of 10 to 100 kg / cm.

  Since the non-woven fabric of the present invention is densely entangled with short fibers with a flat cross section in the surface layer, the piercing resistance value by a thin sharp blade, sewing needle, glass fragment, nail, etc. is increased. The protection performance is high.

  In addition, since it is densely covered with short fibers, it has high air resistance, and for example, ventilation of harmful gases, liquids, powders, dusts and the like can be suppressed.

  Furthermore, since the inner layer is entangled with short fibers, the voids are wide and bulky. Therefore, the inner layer has excellent compressibility and compression modulus in the cross-sectional direction, has a soft cushioning property, and the fabric surface is hard. The part is soft and the workability is high.

The non-woven fabric of the present invention is a non-woven fabric composed of short fibers having a high-performance fiber as a main component and a basis weight of 100 to 3000 g / m ² , and has a puncture resistance value of 100 to 1000 g and a bulky compression ratio of 15 to 50. %, Air permeability is 0.1 to ³⁰ cm ³ / cm ² / sec.

The nonwoven fabric of the present invention needs to have a basis weight of 100 to 3000 g / m ² . If the basis weight of the short fiber nonwoven fabric is less than 100 g / m ² , the nonwoven fabric becomes thin, so that the puncture resistance value and bulkiness are low, and it is not suitable for protection. When the basis weight is 100 to 1000 g / m ² , it is practical and easy to handle as a general protective material or material. Having a basis weight in the case of more than 3000g / m ² are suitable for civil engineering and construction materials and marine materials, but is not suitable for protection too is heavy or too thick.

  The nonwoven fabric of the present invention has a puncture resistance value of 100 to 1000 g. For protection purposes, a higher puncture resistance value is preferred, but if it exceeds 1000 g, the surface becomes harder and the bulkiness properties deteriorate, so the flexibility of the fabric is impaired, so 500 g to 900 g is the most preferred range. Conversely, if it is less than 100 g, it is insufficient for protection.

  In addition, the puncture resistance value in this invention says the value measured with the following method. That is, the resistance value (g) when the needle pierces the sample is measured using a test apparatus. The sample is sandwiched and fixed between two plate-like sample support plates having a slit of 10 mm width and 18 mm length at the center so as not to cause wrinkles and sagging, and the needle is 90 degrees (vertical) to the sample. The needle tip is pressed against the sample at a speed of 100 mm / min, the maximum stress when the needle pierces the sample is measured, and an average value of n = 5 is shown. The needle is an industrial sewing needle.

  The nonwoven fabric of the present invention has a compression rate of 15 to 50%. If the compression ratio representing the bulkiness characteristic is less than 15%, the bulkiness is thin and paper-like, and the cushioning property is lost. If the compression ratio exceeds 50%, it becomes difficult to handle because it becomes easy to cover. Therefore, 15 to 50% is preferable, and further 15 to 40% is a practically more preferable range.

  Moreover, although there exists a compressive elasticity modulus as a parameter | index showing a bulkiness characteristic, since the one where a compression elastic modulus is high has a good recovery, 40% or more is required. If it is less than 40%, the recovery performance is gradually impaired. On the other hand, the upper limit is 90%.

Since the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is densified with short fibers whose front surface is flattened, the air permeability is high and the air permeability is 30 cm ³ / cm ² / sec or less. On the other hand, in order to make the air permeability less than 0.1 cm ³ / cm ² / sec, since the nonwoven fabric becomes like a film, the range of 0.1 to ³⁰ cm ³ / cm ² / sec is practically preferable. range 0.5~10cm ³ / ^cm 2 / sec is preferred.
In addition, the air permeability in this invention means the air permeability in the method as described in JIS L1913 6.8 air permeability (fragile method).

  The nonwoven fabric of the present invention is composed mainly of highly functional fibers. Examples of the highly functional fibers include aramid fibers (fully aromatic polyamide fibers), fully aromatic polyester fibers (for example, “Vectran (registered trademark)” manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.), polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole fibers ( For example, Toyobo Co., Ltd., “Zylon (registered trademark)”), ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber (for example, Toyobo Co., Ltd., “Dyneema (registered trademark)”) and the like can be mentioned.

Among these, an aramid fiber that can be flattened and easily densified is preferred. Aramid fibers include meta-aramid fibers and para-aramid fibers. Examples of the meta-aramid fiber include meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers such as polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber (manufactured by DuPont, “NOMEX (registered trademark)”). Examples of the para-aramid fiber include polyparaphenylene terephthalamide fiber (manufactured by Toray DuPont, “Kevlar (registered trademark)”) and copolyparaphenylene-3,4-diphenyl ether terephthalamide fiber (Teijin Ltd.). Para-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers such as “Technola (registered trademark)” manufactured by the company are listed.
In the nonwoven fabric of the present invention, the highly functional fiber is preferably para-aramid fiber, and more preferably polyparaphenylene terephthalamide.

  Moreover, what used one type of highly functional fiber independently may be used, and what mixed the 2 or more types of highly functional fiber from which a raw material, a kind, and a fiber structure may mix may be sufficient.

  In addition to the above highly functional fibers, fibers such as polyphenylene sulfide fibers and fluorine fibers can be used as the highly functional fibers.

  In the present invention, the “main component” means 80% or more by weight, and may contain fibers other than the highly functional fibers as long as the range is not exceeded.

  The highly functional fiber constituting the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is a short fiber, and the fiber length is preferably 2.54 to 12.7 cm (1 to 5 inches). If it is less than 2.54 cm, it is difficult to form a non-woven fabric because it is difficult to be entangled. Moreover, since the short fiber end will be conspicuous on the surface when it exceeds 12.7 cm, it is not preferable.

  The single fiber fineness of the short fiber is preferably 0.1 to 3.0 dtex. Since the short fiber is easily densified, the single fiber fineness is preferably small. The short fiber may be fibrillated in advance. If it exceeds 5.0 dtex, the short fiber becomes thick and difficult to be densified, which is not preferable. In the present invention, it is preferable that the short fiber nonwoven fabric is constituted by short fibers having a uniform single fiber fineness, and heat press processing (that is, flattening the short fibers located on the front surface) is preferable. A short fiber nonwoven fabric having a certain degree of fineness distribution may be used.

  In the present invention, some or all of the short fibers located on the front (front) surface of the short fiber nonwoven fabric are flattened. On the other hand, the short fibers located on the inner layer or the back surface are not flattened, or the degree of flattening is smaller than the short fibers located on the front (front) surface. Such a configuration can be achieved by pressing a short fiber nonwoven fabric as will be described later. Furthermore, the short fiber diameter (dl) located on the front (front) surface of the short fiber nonwoven fabric is 1.3 to 3.0 times the short fiber diameter (d2) located on the inner layer or the back surface, that is, the diameter The ratio (d1 / d2) is preferably 1.3 to 3.0.

  Here, the fiber diameter (d1) of the short fibers located on the front (front) surface of the nonwoven fabric is a photograph taken with a scanning electron microscope (commonly known as SEM) enlarged 100 to 1000 times (nonwoven fabric surface) ) (Measured from the direction perpendicular to) and measured the fiber diameter (d1) of the short fibers located on the outermost surface of the pressed surface (average value of n = 10). Further, the fiber diameter (d2) of the short fibers located in the inner layer is the fiber diameter (d2) of the short fibers that can be seen from the gap in the surface layer portion as measured in the same manner as (d1) (average value of n = 10). It is. In addition, the fiber diameter (d2) of the short fiber located in the inner layer is measured by focusing on the short fiber visible from the gap. However, if the short fibers in the surface layer are crushed and the short fibers cannot be seen from the gap, slice the cross section, peel off the sliced surface slightly, shoot the part that seems to be scratched by the slice, Measure. Moreover, when press work is not performed, the fiber diameter (d2) of the short fiber located in the surface layer of a back surface is measured.

Since the fiber is flattened as the fiber diameter (d1) of the short fiber located on the front (front) surface is larger, the gap between the short fibers is smaller as the fiber diameter (d1) is larger. Since the gap is reduced, for example, a thin and sharp blade edge such as a sewing needle is difficult to pierce and the puncture resistance value increases.
When the ratio (d1 / d2) of the fiber diameter (d1) of the short fibers located on the front (front) surface to the fiber diameter (d2) of the short fibers located on the inner layer or the back surface is less than 1.3 (O The short fiber located on the surface is less flattened and the gap is rough and the effect is small. When the ratio exceeds 3.0, the flattening of the short fiber is too large and the gap becomes small, but the thickness of the nonwoven fabric is small. It is not preferable because it becomes thin and the bulkiness is impaired. More preferably, it is 1.5-2.5. The fiber diameter ratio can be adjusted to 1.3 to 3.0 even if a thick fiber is used for the short fiber located on the front surface and a thin fiber is used for the short fiber located on the inner layer or the back surface. In such a configuration, it is difficult to obtain the above effects. This is because, for example, if the fiber cross section is round and not flattened, the needle is less likely to be pierced, and the surface is easily slid and penetrated, so the effect is low. Therefore, it is necessary that the short fibers located on the front surface are flattened.

  Next, the manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric of this invention is explained in full detail.

  In the method for producing a nonwoven fabric of the present invention, a roll temperature is room temperature to 300 ° C. and a roll line pressure is 10 to 100 kg / cm, preferably a conveyance speed of 1 m / min to 30 m, on a short fiber nonwoven fabric mainly composed of high-functional fibers. It is a manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric which heat-presses on one side or both sides by / min.

  First, a short fiber nonwoven fabric is manufactured by a normal method using the high-functional fibers having the single fiber fineness and the fiber length. For example, the web can be entangled with a needle punch or a water jet punch, or can be made into a nonwoven fabric by an adhesive or heat processing.

  However, it should be noted that when an adhesive, a resin, or a low melting point fiber is mixed, the fabric is likely to be hardened and the bulkiness may be impaired. It is desirable to form a nonwoven fabric with a light needle punch or water jet punch.

  Next, the obtained short fiber nonwoven fabric is heated and pressed.

  Pressing is performed to flatten the short fibers located on the front (front) surface of the short fiber non-woven fabric. For the press processing, a heating roll or a heating flat plate press is used, or a pair of hard roll processing equipment is suitable. ing. Especially, it is preferable to use a heating roll. In processing with a heating roll, only one side of the roll or both sides of the roll can be heated to perform single-side processing or double-side processing. Single-sided processing is preferred for flattening only the short fibers located on the front (front) surface. In particular, it is preferable to heat-press one side with a metal roll and the other with a paper roll. Although the roll temperature depends on the type of the high-performance fiber, for example, room temperature to 300 ° C. is preferable for aramid fibers, and flattening of short fibers is difficult at temperatures below room temperature. This is not preferable. Here, room temperature refers to the temperature of the atmosphere in which hot pressing is performed.

  The roll pressure for processing with a heated roll is preferably in the range of 10 kg / cm to 100 kg / cm as the linear pressure. If it is less than 10 kg / cm, flattening of the short fiber is weak, and if it exceeds 100 kg / cm, the bulkiness is impaired, which is not preferable.

  In addition, in order to flatten the fiber diameter of the short fiber located on the front (front) surface of the short fiber nonwoven fabric to 1.3 to 3.0 times the fiber diameter of the short fiber located on the inner layer or the back surface In the heating press, this can be achieved by increasing the pressing pressure or heating temperature and decreasing the conveying speed. By doing in this way, since the short fiber diameter of a press surface, ie, a table | surface (front) surface, can be flattened, the ratio of a short fiber diameter can be enlarged. It should be noted that if the press pressure or heating temperature is too high, the short fibers located on the inner layer or the back surface will be flattened. Moreover, the thickness of the short fiber nonwoven fabric to be used tends to flatten only the short fiber on one side.

In addition, in the range of 1000 to 3000 g / m ^{2 where} the basis weight is large, the linear pressure may be 100 to 200 kg / cm and the temperature may be 300 to 400 ° C. under special high pressure / high temperature conditions.
About the manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric of this invention, although the short fiber of the highly functional fiber to use is preferable, an aramid fiber is preferable, For example, in 300 degreeC high temperature dry heat shrinkage, shrinkage by the temperature which exists in the range of 0%-0.01% Polyparaphenylene terephthalamide, which does not change, is particularly excellent.

[Measuring method]
(1) basis weight (g ^{/ m} 2)
Based on JIS L 1913 6.2 (mass per unit area), 3 specimens of 50000 mm ² were sampled, each mass (g) in the standard state was weighed, and the average value was the mass per 1 m ² (g / M ² ).

(2) Puncture resistance value (N)
Using an Autograph SD-100 apparatus (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), the resistance value (g) when the needle pierces the sample was measured. The sample was fixed using the following jig. The sample is sandwiched and fixed between two plate-like sample support plates having a slit of 10 mm width and 18 mm length in the center so as not to cause wrinkles and sagging, and the needle is at an angle of 90 degrees (vertical) to the sample. The needle tip was pressed against the sample at a speed of 100 mm / min, the maximum stress when the needle pierced the sample was measured, and an average value of n = 5 was shown. The needle used was an industrial sewing needle (# 11 Organ Needle).

(3) Compression rate (%), compression modulus (%)
Measured according to JIS L1018 8.19 (compression rate and compression modulus).

Five pieces of about 5 cm × 5 cm were collected, and the thickness T under a pressure per 7 g / cm ² was measured using a compression elasticity tester. Further, the thickness To under a pressure of 300 g / cm ² is measured. After standing for 1 minute, the thickness T1 under a pressure of 7 g / cm ² was measured again.
Compression rate (%) = {(T−To) / T} × 100
Then, five sheets were measured and the average value was calculated. Also,
Compression elastic modulus (%) = {(T1-To) / (T-To)} × 100
Then, five sheets were measured and the average value was calculated.

(4) Breathability (cm ^{3 /} cm ² / s)
It was measured according to JIS L1913 6.8 (Breathability (fragile type method)). That is, five test pieces of 20 cm × 20 cm were collected from the sample, and the test piece was attached to one end (intake side) of the cylinder using a Frazier type tester. When mounting the test piece, place a flat rubber ring packing (thickness 1 mm) having the same inner diameter as the inner diameter of the cylinder on the cylindrical test piece mounting side, place the test piece on it, and place the suction part on the test piece. A load of about 98 N (10 kgf) was applied evenly so as not to be blocked, and air leakage at the test piece mounting portion was prevented. After attaching the test piece, the suction fan was adjusted so that the inclination type barometer showed a pressure of 125 Pa by an adjusting resistor, and from the pressure indicated by the vertical type barometer and the type of air hole used, The amount of air passing through the test piece was obtained from a table attached to the test machine, and the average value for the five test pieces was calculated.

(5) Fiber diameter of short fibers Ten randomly selected fibrillated fibers located on the surface layer were taken using a photograph taken at a magnification of 100 to 1000 times with a scanning electron microscope (commonly known as SEM). The diameter of the stem short fiber excluding was measured and the average value (d1) was calculated.
The short fiber diameter located in the inner layer is obtained by actually measuring the trunk short fiber diameter excluding 10 fibrillated fibers randomly selected from the gaps in the surface layer portion, and calculating the average value (d2). Alternatively, 10 short fiber diameters randomly selected on the back surface were measured, and an average value (d2) was calculated.

(6) Thickness (mm)
Based on JIS L1913 6.1 (thickness (Method A)), three test pieces of 20 cm × 20 cm were collected, and NAKAYAMA ERECTRIC IND Ltd. The thickness of each test piece after 10 seconds under a pressure of 0.5 kPa was measured at 10 locations using a compression modulus measuring machine manufactured by the company, and the average value was expressed in thickness (mm).

(7) Density (g / cm ³ )
Using the basis weight data of (1) and the thickness data of (6), density (g / cm ³ ) = weight basis (g / m ² ) / thickness (mm) × 1 (m ² ) is calculated. .

(8) Dry heat shrinkage (%)
The sample was cut into a square of 10 cm vertical by 10 cm wide and collected. After putting it in a dryer having a temperature of 300 ° C. for 10 minutes, taking it out and cooling it to room temperature, the dimensions of the vertical and horizontal dimensions were measured to obtain horizontal L1 and vertical L2.
(Horizontal) Dry heat shrinkage rate = {(10−L1) / 10} × 100
(Vertical) Dry heat shrinkage = {(10−L2) / 10} × 100
The average value of N = 4 was calculated.

(9) Cut resistance value (N)
It measured according to JIS T8052 (ISO13997).

  That is, using a RIG (Canada) model TDM-100 cut resistance tester, a small piece of 10 cm × 4 cm is taken in the 45 degree direction of the fabric. A sharp blade is pressed and moved at a speed of 20 cm for 1 minute. The pressure AN at a cutting length of 20 mm was calculated from the relationship between the pressure at which the pressing force was changed and the fabric was cut and the cutting length. The average value of n times 5 times was adopted.

[Example 1]
(Highly functional fiber)
Polyparaphenylene terephthalamide (“Kevlar (registered trademark)” manufactured by Toray Deyupon Co., Ltd.) short fiber fiber having a fineness of 1.64 dtex and a fiber length of 5.08 cm was used as the high-functional fiber.

(Web processing)
A web was produced by a card machine to obtain a laminated sheet.

(Needle punching process)
The above sheet was subjected to needle punching under the following conditions to obtain a short fiber nonwoven fabric.

(Needle punch processing conditions)
Needle punch: Upper needle intermittent type device (manufactured by Yamato Kiko Co., Ltd.)
Needle type: 9 barb needle (FPD-1 manufactured by Organ)
Needle spacing: 80 rows in the width direction in a row of 10 mm, 40 rows in the length direction: Number of punching times: 100 times per minute Sheet movement speed: 1.2 m per minute
The short fiber was passed through a card machine to form a web, and the web was needle punched to entangle the short fiber to produce a nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 109 g / m ² .

(Press working)
As a press working apparatus, a hydraulic three calendar (manufactured by Yuri Roll Co., Ltd., model: H3CM, NoM-1738) equipment was used.

  The short fiber nonwoven fabric was passed between a metal heated roll having a diameter of about 22 cm, a paper roll having a diameter of about 30 cm, and a pair of rolls having a length of 60 cm at a conveying speed and roll pressure shown in Table 1 for treatment.

[Examples 2, 3, and 4]
Example 2 will be described in detail mainly, but Examples 3 and 4 were carried out by changing the amount of short fiber fibers so that the nonwoven fabric weights after needle punching were 1110 g and 2911 g, respectively. 2 and the physical properties were measured.

(Highly functional fiber)
Polyparaphenylene terephthalamide (“Kevlar (registered trademark)” manufactured by Toray Deyupon Co., Ltd.) short fiber fiber having a fineness of 1.64 dtex and a fiber length of 5.08 cm was used as the high-functional fiber.

(Web processing)
A web was produced by a card machine to obtain a laminated sheet.

(Needle punching process)
The above sheet was subjected to needle punching under the following conditions to obtain a short fiber nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 305 g / m ² .

(Needle punch processing conditions)
Limited company Yamato Kiko: Upper needle intermittent type device Needle type: 9 barb needle (Organ Corporation FPD-1)
Needle spacing: 80 rows in the width direction for 10 mm intervals, 40 rows in the length direction: Number of punching times: 200 times per minute Sheet moving speed: 1.2 m per minute
The short fiber was passed through a card machine to form a web, and the web was needle punched to entangle the short fiber to produce a nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 312 g / m ² .

(Press working)
As a press working apparatus, a hydraulic three calendar (manufactured by Yuri Roll Co., Ltd., model: H3CM, NoM-1738) equipment was used.

  The short fiber nonwoven fabric was passed between a metal heated roll having a diameter of about 22 cm, a paper roll having a diameter of about 30 cm, and a pair of rolls having a length of 60 cm at a conveying speed and roll pressure shown in Table 1 for treatment.

[Examples 5, 6, 7, 8]
Based on the conditions of Example 2, the heating temperature condition for press working was changed (Examples 5 and 6), or the press linear pressure was changed (Examples 7 and 8).

(Highly functional fiber)
Same as Example 2.

(Web processing)
Same as Example 2.

(Needle punching process)
Same as Example 2.

(Press working)
As a press working apparatus, the same hydraulic three calender as in Example 2 (manufactured by Yuri Roll Co., Ltd., model: H3CM, NoM-1738) equipment was used.

  The short fiber nonwoven fabric was passed under the press working conditions shown in Table 2 between a metal heating roll having a diameter of about 22 cm, a paper roll having a diameter of about 30 cm, and a pair of rolls having a length of 60 cm.

[Comparative Example 1]
As Comparative Example 1, the case of low basis weight was shown.

(Highly functional fiber)
Polyparaphenylene terephthalamide (“Kevlar (registered trademark)” manufactured by Toray Deyupon Co., Ltd.) short fiber fiber having a fineness of 1.64 dtex and a fiber length of 5.08 cm was used as the high-functional fiber.

(Web processing)
A web was produced by a card machine to obtain a laminated sheet.

(Needle punching process)
The sheet was needle punched under the following conditions to obtain a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 67.8 g / m ² .

(Needle punch processing conditions)
Limited company Yamato Kiko: Upper needle intermittent type device Needle type: 9 barb needle (Organ Corporation FPD-1)
Needle spacing: 80 rows in the width direction per row of 10 mm, 40 rows in the length direction: Number of punching times: 50 times per minute Sheet movement speed: 0.5 m per minute
The short fiber was passed through a card machine at a low speed to form a web, and the web was subjected to a needle punch at a low rotational speed to entangle the short fiber to produce a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 70.0 g / m ² .

(Press working)
As a press working apparatus, a hydraulic three calendar (manufactured by Yuri Roll Co., Ltd., model: H3CM, NoM-1738) equipment was used.

  The nonwoven fabric was passed between a metal heated roll having a diameter of about 22 cm, a paper roll having a diameter of about 30 cm, and a pair of rolls having a length of 60 cm at a conveying speed and roll pressure shown in Table 1 for treatment.

[Comparative Example 2]
As Comparative Example 2, a case where no press working was performed was shown.

(Highly functional fiber)
Same as Example 2.

(Web processing)
Same as Example 2.

(Needle punching process)
Same as Example 2.

[Comparative Example 3]
As Comparative Example 3, a case where high-temperature and high-pressure pressing was performed was shown.

(Highly functional fiber)
Same as Example 2.

(Web processing)
Same as Example 2.

(Needle punching process)
Same as Example 2.

(Press working)
As a press working apparatus, a hydraulic three calendar (manufactured by Yuri Roll Co., Ltd., model: H3CM, NoM-1738) equipment was used.

  The short fiber nonwoven fabric is allowed to pass between a metal heated roll having a diameter of about 22 cm, a paper roll having a diameter of about 30 cm, and a pair of rolls having a length of 60 cm at the conveyance speed and roll pressure shown in Comparative Example 3 of Table 2. Processed.

[Comparative Example 4]
As Comparative Example 4, the case of high basis weight was shown.

(Highly functional fiber)
Same as Example 2.

(Web processing)
Same as Example 2.

  (Needle punch processing step).

A nonwoven fabric having a basis weight after needle punching of 3150 g / m ² was obtained.

(Press working)
As a press working apparatus, a hydraulic three calendar (manufactured by Yuri Roll Co., Ltd., model: H3CM, NoM-1738) equipment was used.

  The short fiber nonwoven fabric is passed between a metal heated roll having a diameter of about 22 cm, a paper roll having a diameter of about 30 cm, and a pair of rolls having a length of 60 cm at the conveying speed and roll pressure shown in Comparative Example 4 of Table 2. Processed.

[Evaluation results]
With respect to the hard surface nonwoven fabric obtained in Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 and the thin-leaf nonwoven fabric obtained in Comparative Example 1, various properties were measured by the above-described methods, and Table 1 shows physical properties.

  The Examples have extremely high puncture resistance values, compression rates, and compression elastic moduli compared to the comparative examples, and are further excellent in air resistance. This is because the nonwoven fabric has a large basis weight and is bulky, so that only the surface of the nonwoven fabric is hardened and the inner layer retains high bulk performance. Further, the comparative example was a thin-leaf-like fabric with extremely small basis weight, no bulky high performance.

  In Examples 5, 6, 7, and 8, the heating press conditions were changed, but the puncture resistance value is low when the heating temperature is low, and the bulkiness is lowered when the heating temperature is high. Further, when the pressing pressure is low, the puncture resistance value is low, and when it is high, the bulkiness characteristic is lowered, and the tendency is similar to the heating temperature.

It is the photograph which image | photographed 300 times by the scanning electron microscope (common name SEM) the surface layer part of the surface of Example 2. FIG. The surface layer portion of the surface of the present invention, which is a heat-pressed portion, the short fiber diameter is slightly thicker than the short fiber diameter of FIG. The diameter is even thicker. In addition, since the thick short fibers are entangled, the front surface has a dense structure in which the gaps between the short fibers are narrower than the back surface. It is the photograph which expanded the surface layer part of the back surface of Example 2 300 times with the scanning electron microscope (common name SEM), and was image | photographed.

  As described above, the nonwoven fabric of the present invention has high puncture resistance value and air permeability resistance, and the back surface and inner layer portion are excellent in bulkiness characteristics, so it can be used for work gloves such as glass factories, hats and aprons. Used.

  Outside of glass factories, it is used for materials such as welding sparks and metal workpieces, protection for textiles such as nails and sewing needle factories, travel bags, luggage carrying cases, rug cushions, spacers, filter media, and battery separators. The best material.

Claims (5)

It is a short fiber nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 100 to 3000 g / m ² mainly composed of highly functional fibers, and has a puncture resistance value of 100 to 1000 g, a compression rate of 15 to 50%, and a breathability of 0.1 to ³⁰ cm ^3. nonwoven which is a / ^cm 2 / sec.   The nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the highly functional fiber is made of a para-aramid fiber.   The non-woven fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a part or all of the short fibers located on the front (front) surface of the short-fiber non-woven fabric are flattened.   The fiber diameter of the short fiber located on the front (front) surface of the short fiber nonwoven fabric is 1.3 to 3.0 times the fiber diameter of the short fiber located on the inner layer or the back surface. 3. The nonwoven fabric according to 3.   It is the manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric in any one of Claims 1-4, Comprising: A roll temperature is room temperature-300 degreeC, and a roll line pressure is 10-100 kg / cm to the short fiber nonwoven fabric which has a highly functional fiber as a main component. A method for producing a non-woven fabric, characterized by heat-pressing on one or both sides.