JP2010047224A - Vehicular cabin door opening/closing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vehicular cabin door opening/closing device capable of stopping the door at a fully opened position and a half-opened position of the door without causing size enlargement of a damper. <P>SOLUTION: The damper 40 has a base end turnably supported on a vehicle body of the cabin, can be elongated/contracted and is urged in the elongation direction. An arm 50 has a base end turnably supported on a hinge type door 19 and a tip end turnably supported on the tip end of the damper 40, and can be disposed at a first position close to and a second position separated from a turning center of the door 19 by turning around the turning center of the base end. An arm engagement member 60 detachably locks the arm 50 with the door 19 at the first position and the second position. The door is half opened by opening the door 19 until the damper 40 attains maximum stroke in such a state that the arm 50 is locked with the door 19 at the second position, and the door 19 is fully opened by opening the door 19 until the damper 40 attains the maximum stroke in such a state that the arm 50 is locked with the door 19 at the first position. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a cabin door opening and closing device in a vehicle such as an industrial vehicle or a construction machine.

Patent Document 1 discloses a mechanism for opening and closing a rear side panel in a work vehicle. Specifically, in order to allow the rear side panel to be fully opened, and to position the rear side panel at an intermediate opening degree, the gas spring and the opening / closing regulator (in series) Two linked arms) are connected in parallel. In the middle of reaching the full stroke, which is the maximum stroke of the gas spring, a pin projecting from the other link arm is inserted into and engaged with a slide hole formed in one link arm, so that the intermediate opening is positioned. .
JP 2005-97852 A

  However, in Patent Document 1, in order to increase the door opening at the fully open position, a gas spring (damper) having a large stroke is required, which may increase the size of the gas spring (damper).

  The present invention has been made under such a background, and an object of the present invention is to open and close a cabin door for a vehicle capable of stopping the door at a fully open position and a half open position of the door without causing an increase in size of the damper. To provide an apparatus.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the base end is rotatably supported by the cabin vehicle body constituting the cab, the damper is extendable and biased in the extending direction, and the base end is attached to the vehicle body. The hinged door is pivotally supported and the tip is pivotally supported by the tip of the damper, and the pivoting of the hinged door approaches by rotating around the base end. An arm that can be disposed at a second position separated from the first position, and an arm locking member that detachably locks the arm to the hinged door at the first position and the second position. The hinged door is half-opened by opening the hinged door until the damper reaches a maximum stroke in a state where the arm is locked to the hinged door at the second position by the arm locking member. Together with the arm locking The hinged door by opening the hinged door to the damper in a state engaged with the hinged door the arm in the first position is the maximum stroke is summarized in that the fully opened by wood.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the hinged door is half-opened, the arm is locked to the hinged door by the arm locking member at the second position separated from the rotation center of the hinged door. When the hinged door is opened until the damper reaches the maximum stroke, the hinged door is stopped. As a result, the hinged door is opened halfway.

  On the other hand, when the hinged door is fully opened, the arm is locked to the hinged door by the arm locking member at the first position close to the rotation center of the hinged door. When the hinged door is opened until the damper reaches the maximum stroke, the hinged door is stopped. As a result, the hinged door is fully opened. At this time, the door opening degree can be increased without enlarging the damper by locking the arm to the door at the first position close to the rotation center of the door.

  In this way, when the maximum stroke of the damper is reached by changing the distance between the pivot center of the hinged door and the pivot center of the damper in the arm by selecting the locking position of the arm. The door can be stopped at the fully open position and the half open position of the door.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the vehicular cabin door opening and closing device according to the first aspect, the arm locking member is configured to engage an engagement member to which an urging force is applied to an engaged member. The arm may be detachably locked to the hinged door at the first position and the second position.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle cabin door opening and closing device according to the second aspect, the arm is provided with one engagement member, and the hinged door is provided with the first position and the engagement position. If the two engaged members for the second position are provided, the number of urging means can be reduced. In other words, when an engaged member is provided on the arm and two engaging members for the first position and the second position are provided on the hinged door, it is necessary to provide an urging means for each engaging member. However, in the invention described in claim 3, it is only necessary to provide the urging means on one engaging member, and the number of urging means can be reduced.

  According to the present invention, the door can be stopped at the fully open position and the half open position of the door without increasing the size of the damper.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, a mast 12 is provided on the front side of a machine base frame 11 constituting the vehicle body of the forklift 10. The mast 12 is equipped with a fork 13 that can be lifted and lowered via a lift bracket 14, and the fork 13 is lifted and lowered together with the lift bracket 14 by an expansion and contraction operation of the lift cylinder 15. Four support columns 16 are erected on the machine base frame 11, and the front support column 16 is formed integrally with the head guard 17. A cab 18 is constituted by a space surrounded by the support column 16 and the head guard 17. The cab 18 is partitioned from the outside by transparent walls on the front and rear sides, and doors 19 that can be opened and closed on both the left and right sides. The cab 18 is provided as a cabin that can be opened via the door 19. Yes.

  Drive wheels (front wheels) 20 are provided at the front lower part of the vehicle body, and steering wheels (rear wheels) 21 are provided at the rear lower part of the vehicle body. The drive wheel 20 is driven by a vehicle-mounted motor or a vehicle-mounted engine. The steered wheels 21 are steered according to the operation amount of the handle 22.

  In the cab 18, in addition to a seat (seat) 23, a plurality of cargo handling operation units for operating cargo handling actuators such as a lift cylinder 15 and a tilt cylinder are disposed. The cargo handling operation unit is configured in the form of a lever, and includes a lift lever for fork lifting operation and a tilt lever for mast forward / backward tilting operation.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which the door 19 of the forklift 10 is half open and fully open with respect to the vehicle body 24 in the cab 18. A hinged door (shown as a right door in FIG. 2) 19 is provided on the vehicle body 24 in the cab 18. That is, the door 19 is supported by the upper and lower hinges 25 and 26 in FIG. The left and right doors 19 are inclined and are urged toward the closing side by their own weight.

  3 and 4 are perspective views of the vicinity of the door 19 when the door 19 is fully closed, and FIG. 5 is a plan view of the vicinity of the door 19 when the door 19 is fully closed. 3 to 5, the hinged door 19 can be stopped half open and fully open with respect to the fully closed (door opening = 0 °). In the present embodiment, the door opening when half-opening is 50 °, and the door opening when fully opening is 140 °.

Hereinafter, the cabin door opening and closing device 30 will be described.
The cabin door opening / closing device 30 includes a gas damper 40, an arm 50, and an arm locking member 60. A gas damper 40 and an arm 50 are mounted between the vehicle body 24 and the door 19 above the door 19.

  A base end of the gas damper 40 is rotatably supported on the vehicle body 24 by a shaft 41. In the gas damper 40, a piston 43 is slidably disposed in a cylinder 42 in which gas is sealed, and is urged in the extending direction (the door 19 is urged toward the door opening side). In this way, the base end of the gas damper 40 is rotatably supported by the cabin vehicle body 24 that constitutes the cab 18, can be expanded and contracted, and is urged in the extending direction.

  3 and 4, the distal end of the gas damper 40 and the distal end of the arm 50 are connected and supported rotatably by a shaft 45. The arm 50 includes two strips 51 and 52 that extend linearly, the two strips 51 and 52 extend in parallel at a constant interval, and the leading end portion is connected by a plate portion 53. ing. A base end of the arm 50 is rotatably supported by the door 19 by a pin 55. The arm 50 rotates in the horizontal direction around the pin 55.

  The arm 50 can be arranged at a position indicated by a solid line in FIG. 5 and a position indicated by an imaginary line in FIG. The position indicated by the phantom line in FIG. 5 is the first position approaching the rotation center P1 of the hinged door 19, and the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 5 is the second position separated. The first position approaching the rotation center P1 is the door fully open position, and the separated second position is the door half-open position.

  The angle between the vehicle body 24 and the door 19 changes between the fully closed position and the half-open / full-open position of the door 19, and the gas damper 40 expands and contracts with the change in the angle to open and close the hinged door 19. . At this time, the maximum extension state of the gas damper 40 becomes the half-open position and the fully-open position of the door 19.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, an arm locking member 60 is provided. FIG. 6 shows details of the arm locking member 60. 6A is a cross-sectional view of the arm locking member 60, and FIG. 6B is a side view of the arm locking member 60.

  In FIG. 6, the arm locking member 60 includes a round pin spring type latch 70 and arm locking brackets (latch receiving brackets) 80 and 90. The round pin spring type latch 70 is attached to the tip of the arm 50. 5 and 6, the arm locking bracket 80 is fixed vertically to the door 19, and the arm locking bracket 90 is fixed vertically to the door 19 at a position away from the arm locking bracket 80. Has been.

  A through hole 81 is provided in the bracket 80. Similarly, a through hole 91 is provided in the bracket 90. The arm locking bracket 80 and the arm locking bracket 90 have the same configuration, and only the installation position is different.

  The round pin spring type latch 70 includes a cylinder 71, a round pin 72, a latch release lever 73, and a compression coil spring 74. A cylinder 71 is fixed to the plate portion 53 at the tip of the arm 50. A round pin 72 is slidably supported in the cylinder 71, and a biasing force is applied to the round pin 72 in a direction protruding from the cylinder 71 by a compression coil spring 74. In addition, the latch release lever 73 can move the round pin 72 in a direction to enter the cylinder 71 against the urging force of the compression coil spring 74. That is, the driver can grab the latch release lever 73 and move against the urging force of the compression coil spring 74 to move the round pin 72 in the direction of entering the cylinder 71.

  By rotating the arm 50 by 180 degrees, the round pin spring type latch 70 can be opposed to the arm locking brackets 80 and 90. Further, the round pin 72 of the round pin spring type latch 70 can be fitted into the through holes 81 and 91 of the arm locking brackets 80 and 90. The arm 50 is locked to the door 19 by fitting the round pin 72 into the through holes 81 and 91.

  When the round pin 72 of the round pin spring type latch 70 is fitted into the through hole 81 of the arm locking bracket 80, the arm 50 is locked at a position separated from the rotation center P1 of the door 19. When the door 19 is opened halfway, the arm 50 is locked to the arm locking bracket 80 by using the round pin spring type latch 70.

  On the other hand, when the round pin 72 of the round pin spring type latch 70 is fitted into the through hole 91 of the arm locking bracket 90, the arm 50 is locked at a position close to the rotation center P1 of the door 19. When the door 19 is fully opened, the arm 50 is locked to the arm locking bracket 90 using the round pin spring type latch 70.

  In this manner, the arm locking member 60 detachably locks the arm 50 to the hinged door 19 at the first position (door fully open position) and the second position (door half-open position). That is, the arm 50 can be pivoted so that the arm 50 can be detachably locked to the door 19 at the first position close to the pivot center P1 of the hinged door 19 and the second position spaced apart. That is, in FIG. 4, the distance between the rotation center P1 of the door 19 and the rotation center P2 of the damper 40 in the arm 50 can be set to L1 and L2.

Next, the operation of the vehicle cabin door opening / closing device 30 will be described.
First, the case where the door 19 is moved from the fully closed position to the half open position when the driver gets on and off will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the driver turns the arm 50 to the front side of the vehicle and inserts the round pin 72 of the round pin spring-type latch 70 provided at the tip of the arm 50 into the through hole 81 of the bracket 80. At this time, the bracket 80 is formed with the inclined portion 80a (see FIG. 6), and the tip of the round pin 72 is slid to the inclined portion 80a and is smoothly guided to the through hole 81. The arm 50 is locked by inserting the round pin 72 into the through hole 81. In this state, as shown in FIG. 4, the distance between the pivot center P1 of the door 19 and the pivot center P2 of the damper in the arm 50 is L2 (> L1).

  In this manner, the arm locking member 60 locks the arm 50 to the hinged door 19 at the second position. In this state, the hinged door 19 is opened halfway by opening the hinged door 19 until the damper 40 reaches the maximum stroke. That is, the driver rotates the door 19 and the gas damper 40 extends along with the rotation of the door 19. When the gas damper 40 reaches the maximum stroke, the rotation of the door 19 is stopped. Between the door fully closed position and the door half open position, the damper 40 expands and contracts, and the hinged door 19 opens and closes. At the door half open position, the door 19 is biased in the extending direction, and an unintended external force is applied. The door is prevented from closing.

Next, the case where the door 19 is set to the fully open position when performing maintenance / inspection will be described.
From the state in which the round pin 72 of the round pin spring type latch 70 provided at the tip of the arm 50 in FIG. 7 is fitted in the through hole 81 of the bracket 80, a person grasps the latch release lever 73 in FIG. It moves against the urging force of 74. Thereby, the round pin 72 of the round pin spring type latch 70 comes out of the through hole 81 of the bracket 80, and the arm 50 can be rotated.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 8, the person turns the arm 50 to the rear side of the vehicle, and inserts the round pin 72 of the round pin spring type latch 70 provided at the tip of the arm into the through hole 91 of the bracket 90. At this time, since the bracket 90 is formed with the inclined portion 90a (see FIG. 6), the tip of the round pin 72 is slid to the inclined portion 90a and is smoothly guided to the through hole 91. The arm 50 is locked by fitting the round pin 72 into the through hole 91. In this state, as shown in FIG. 4, the distance between the pivot center P1 of the door 19 and the pivot center P2 of the damper in the arm 50 is L1 (<L2).

  In this way, the arm 50 is locked to the hinged door 19 at the first position by the arm locking member 60. In this state, the hinged door 19 is fully opened by opening the hinged door 19 until the damper 40 reaches the maximum stroke. That is, when a person rotates the door 19 and the door 19 rotates, the gas damper 40 extends, and when the gas damper 40 reaches the maximum stroke, the rotation of the door 19 is stopped (see FIG. 9). Between the door fully closed position and the door fully open position, the damper 40 expands and contracts to open and close the hinged door 19, and at the door fully open position, the door 19 is urged in the extending direction. When the maintenance / inspection work is performed, the door 19 is prevented from closing even when an unintended external force such as wind is applied.

The left and right doors of the forklift have the same configuration (the same door opening / closing device is installed), and the left and right doors operate similarly (the door opening / closing device operates).
Thus, by selecting the locking position of the arm 50, the distance between the rotation center P1 of the door 19 and the rotation center P2 of the damper 40 in the arm 50 is changed, so that the maximum stroke of the damper 40 is achieved. When this happens, the door 19 can be stopped fully open or half open.

  Therefore, in the forklift with a cabin, the opening angle of the door with the gas damper can be easily changed to two stages (without tools). That is, the opening angle of the door can be adjusted in two steps according to the purpose (use).

  Specifically, many forklift cabin doors are usually assisted by a gas damper. With damper assist, it has an assisting force when opening the door and plays a role of preventing unexpected closing (due to strong winds) when the door is opened. As shown in FIG. 11, the opening angle of the door is often set to about 50 degrees for getting on and off by a driver (operator). Further, the opening angle of the door is fixed by the stroke end of the damper. For normal getting on and off, the optimal opening angle is about 50 degrees. For example, when the opening angle is large, when the driver (operator) tries to close the door while sitting on the seat, the hand may not reach the door, which is inconvenient. However, at the time of maintenance, as shown in FIG. 12, when the door 19 is largely opened (for example, 140 degrees), the engine under the engine hood 95 can be seen more easily, and inspection and replacement work are easier.

  At this time, the adjustment is as simple as removing the round pin 72 of the round pin spring-type latch 70 from the through holes 81 and 91 of the brackets 80 and 90 by the latch release lever 73 to release the latch and rotate the arm 50. Can be done by work. Moreover, since the gas damper is provided, the open state can be held by the reaction force of the damper.

According to the above embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) When the hinged door 19 is half-opened, the arm 50 is locked to the hinged door 19 by the arm locking member 60 at the second position separated from the rotation center P1 of the hinged door 19, When the door 19 is opened until the damper 40 reaches the maximum stroke, the hinged door 19 is stopped, and thereby the hinged door 19 is half opened. On the other hand, when the hinged door 19 is fully opened, the arm 50 is locked to the hinged door 19 by the arm locking member 60 at the first position close to the rotation center P1 of the hinged door 19 and the hinged door 19 is opened. When 19 is opened until the damper 40 reaches the maximum stroke, the hinged door 19 is stopped and the hinged door 19 is fully opened. At this time, by locking the arm 50 to the door 19 at the first position close to the rotation center P <b> 1 of the door 19, it is possible to increase the size of the damper 40 without using a damper having a large stroke. In addition, the door opening can be increased. In this way, by selecting the locking position of the arm 50, the distance between the rotation center P1 of the hinged door 19 and the rotation center P2 of the damper 40 in the arm 50 is changed. When the maximum stroke is reached, the door 19 can be stopped at the fully open position and the half open position of the door 19.

  (2) The arm locking member 60 engages the round pin 72 as the engaging member to which the urging force is applied with the through holes 81 and 91 of the arm locking brackets 80 and 90 as the engaged members. Thus, the arm 50 is detachably locked to the hinged door 19 at the first position and the second position. At this time, the arm 50 was provided with one round pin 72, and the hinged door 19 was provided with two brackets 80 and 90 for the first position and the second position. Thereby, the number of the compression coil springs 74 as the urging means can be reduced. That is, when a bracket is provided on the arm 50 and two round pins (round pin spring type latches) for the first position and the second position are provided on the hinged door 19, each round pin (engaging member) is provided. Although it is necessary to provide each compression coil spring, in this embodiment, it is only necessary to provide a compression coil spring on one round pin 72, and the number of urging means can be reduced.

The embodiment is not limited to the above, and may be embodied as follows, for example.
-As an arm locking member, it is good also as a structure as shown in FIG. In FIG. 10, the arm locking member 100 includes a first door side latch member 110, a second door side latch member 120, and an arm side locking through hole 131. A piece insertion through hole 131 is formed in the plate portion 53 at the tip of the arm 50. The first door side latch member 110 has a base plate 111 fixed to the door 19, and a slide piece 112 is slidably provided on the base plate 111. An urging force F is applied to the slide piece 112 by a spring (not shown), and the slide piece 112 is fitted into the piece insertion through hole 131 of the arm 50. The slide piece 112 is provided with a release operation projection 113, and the slide piece 112 can be removed from the arm insertion hole 131 by operating the release operation protrusion 113. The second door side latch member 120 also has the same configuration as the first door side latch member 110, and includes a base plate 121, a slide piece 122, a spring (not shown) for applying an urging force F, and a release operation projection. 123.

  In this way, the door 50 is fully opened by engaging the slide pieces (engagement members) 112 and 122 of the two latch members 110 and 120 with the through holes 131 of the plate portion 53 (members to be engaged). The door 19 can be detachably locked at the first position and the second position where the door is half open.

  -As an arm locking member, it is good also as a structure which detachably locks the arm 50 to the hinged door 19 using a volt | bolt. Specifically, for example, a bolt is provided at the tip of the arm 50, a bracket having a screw hole is fixed to the hinged door 19, and the arm 50 side bolt is screwed into the screw hole of the bracket. 50 is locked to the hinged door 19.

  The base end of the damper 40 is rotatably supported on the vehicle body 24 of the cabin vehicle body 24 and the hinged door 19 and the base end of the arm 50 is rotatably supported on the hinged door 19. Instead, the base end of the damper 40 may be rotatably supported on the hinged door 19 of the cabin vehicle body 24 and the hinged door 19, and the base end of the arm 50 may be rotatably supported on the vehicle body 24. .

-You may apply to not only the forklift 10 but the industrial vehicle in general which is a vehicle used for agriculture etc.
-It may be applied to, for example, construction machines other than industrial vehicles.

Next, technical ideas that can be grasped from the other embodiments will be described below.
(A) a damper whose base end is rotatably supported by a hinged door provided on the cabin body constituting the cab, is extendable, and is biased in the extending direction;
The base end is pivotally supported by the vehicle body and the tip is pivotally supported by the tip of the damper, and the pivot approaches the hinged door by pivoting around the base end. An arm that can be disposed at a first position and a second position spaced apart;
An arm locking member that detachably locks the arm to the vehicle body at the first position and the second position;
With
The hinged door is half-opened by opening the hinged door until the damper reaches a maximum stroke in a state where the arm is locked to the vehicle body at the second position by the arm locking member. A vehicle in which the hinged door is fully opened by opening the hinged door until the damper reaches a maximum stroke in a state where the arm is locked to the vehicle body at the first position by a locking member. Cabin door opening and closing device.

  By adopting such a configuration, by selecting the locking position of the arm, the distance between the rotation center of the hinged door and the rotation center of the damper in the arm is changed, so that the maximum stroke of the damper is achieved. When this happens, the door can be stopped at the fully open position and the half open position.

  (B) In the vehicle cabin door opening and closing device described in (a), the arm locking member engages the engagement member to which an urging force is applied with the engaged member to thereby move the arm to the first. A vehicle cabin door opening and closing device that is detachably locked to the vehicle body at a position and the second position.

  (C) In the vehicle cabin door opening and closing device described in (b), the arm is provided with one engagement member, and the vehicle body is provided with the two for the first position and the second position. A cabin door opening and closing device for a vehicle, wherein an engaged member is provided. With such a configuration, the number of urging means can be reduced. That is, when an engagement member is provided on the arm and two engagement members for the first position and the second position are provided on the vehicle body, it is necessary to provide a biasing means for each engagement member. In the vehicle cabin door opening and closing device described in (c), it is only necessary to provide the urging means on one engaging member, and the number of urging means can be reduced.

The side view of the forklift in this embodiment. The perspective view which shows the state which opened the door of the forklift halfway and fully opened. The perspective view near the door when the door is fully closed. The perspective view near the door when the door is fully closed. The top view of the door vicinity at the time of a door fully closed. (A) is sectional drawing for demonstrating an arm locking member, (b) is a side view for demonstrating an arm locking member. The top view of the door vicinity at the time of a fully closed and half-opening of a door. The top view of the door vicinity at the time of a fully closed and fully opened door. The perspective view near the door when the door is fully open. (A) is a disassembled perspective view for demonstrating the arm locking member of another example, (b) is a front view of the arm locking member seen from the A arrow direction of (a). The perspective view of the door vicinity at the time of the door half open. The perspective view near the door when the door is fully open.

Explanation of symbols

  18 ... cab, 19 ... door, 24 ... vehicle body, 30 ... cabin door opening / closing device, 40 ... gas damper, 50 ... arm, 60 ... arm locking member, 70 ... round pin spring latch, 72 ... round pin, 74 ... Compression coil spring, 80 ... Bracket for arm locking, 81 ... Through hole, 90 ... Bracket for arm locking, 91 ... Through hole, 100 ... Arm locking member, 112 ... Slide piece, 122 ... Slide piece, 131 ... Frame Insertion hole.

Claims (3)

A damper whose base end is rotatably supported by the cabin vehicle body constituting the cab, is extendable, and is biased in the extending direction;
A base end is rotatably supported by a hinged door provided on the vehicle body, and a distal end is rotatably supported by the distal end of the damper, and the hinged door is rotated by rotating about the base end. An arm that can be disposed at a first position approaching the rotation center of the first and a second position spaced apart from each other;
An arm locking member for detachably locking the arm to the hinged door at the first position and the second position;
With
The hinged door is half-opened by opening the hinged door until the damper reaches a maximum stroke in a state where the arm is locked to the hinged door at the second position by the arm locking member. The hinged door is fully opened by opening the hinged door until the damper reaches a maximum stroke in a state where the arm is locked to the hinged door at the first position by the arm locking member. A vehicle cabin door opening and closing device.   The arm locking member is detachably engaged with the hinged door at the first position and the second position by engaging an engagement member to which an urging force is applied with an engaged member. The vehicle cabin door opening and closing device according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle door opening and closing device is stopped.   3. The arm is provided with one engaging member, and the hinged door is provided with two engaged members for the first position and the second position. The vehicle cabin door opening and closing device described in 1.

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