JP2010045974A - Permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine, and vehicle, elevator, fluid machinery and processing machine equipped with same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine with high efficiency which can output a large torque at the time of starting or rapid load change by preventing the saturation of a q-axis magnetic flux in iron core parts formed between outer end faces of magnet holes arranged in V shape and an outer periphery face of a rotator, and to provide a vehicle, an elevator, a fluid machinery and a processing machine that are equipped with the same. <P>SOLUTION: The rotator core 11 of the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine has a prescribed magnetic pole pitch angle θ. Within the magnetic pole pitch angle θ, magnet holes 2, 3 are so provided as to be inserted with permanent magnets 6, 7 respectively along V shape for one pole. An angle formed between the magnet hole 3 with an origin that is a vertex of the V shape and a center line OC of the magnetic pole pitch angle θ is made smaller than an angle formed between the magnet hole 2 and the center line OC of the magnetic pole pitch angle θ. A magnetic repulsion boundary point of a d axis as an action point moving the rotator, is made common in a way that on the center line OC equally dividing the magnetic pole pitch angle θ, an attraction portion is formed such that a magnetic polarity of the rotator and a magnetic polarity of the stator on the permanent magnet 6 side are opposite across the center line with a gap therebetween and a repulsion portion is formed such that a magnetic polarity of the rotator and a magnetic polarity of the stator on the permanent magnet 7 side are identical across the center line with a gap therebetween. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle, a fuel cell vehicle, an electric vehicle, a crane, a hoisting machine, an elevator, an elevator such as a multilevel parking lot, a fluid machine such as a compressor, blower or pump for wind and hydraulic power, or a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus or machine The present invention relates to a permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine, a vehicle including the same, a lift, a fluid machine, and a processing machine.

In recent years, the role that vehicles such as hybrid vehicles and industrial labor-saving machines should play has become very important from the viewpoint of preventing global warming and securing resources, including the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions and energy consumption. It is necessary to improve efficiency.
For such vehicles such as hybrid cars or industrial labor-saving machines, it is possible to achieve high output and high speed rotation, and it is reliable and efficient, and the rotation speed is variable and controllability is permanent. There is a need for a magnet-type synchronous rotating electrical machine. An example of a rotating electrical machine that satisfies this condition is a synchronous motor having a permanent magnet built in a rotor, a so-called embedded magnet type synchronous motor (IPM motor: Interior Permanent Magnet Motor). Since the motor has features such as miniaturization and weight reduction, in the field of industrial labor-saving machinery, cranes, hoisting machines, elevators, elevators such as multilevel parking lots, compressors and blowers for wind and hydraulic power Applications are expanding to fluid machines such as pumps or processing machines mainly including semiconductor manufacturing equipment and machine tools. Hereinafter, in this example, an embedded magnet type synchronous motor will be mainly described.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a magnetic steel sheet forming body punched out for forming a rotor core in the first prior art.
In FIG. 6, the electromagnetic steel sheet forming body 35 is made of one thin disk-shaped electromagnetic steel sheet for forming a rotor core. The magnetic steel sheet forming body 35 is provided with one magnet hole 31 for inserting a permanent magnet per pole when the rotor is formed, and a portion between the magnet hole 31 and the outer periphery of the rotor. An outer bridge 32 is formed on the outer side. When a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheet forming bodies 35 are stacked and formed into a block shape, an electromagnetic steel sheet stacked body (rotor core 34 in FIG. 7) is manufactured (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1).

Next, the operation principle of the embedded magnet type synchronous motor will be described.
FIG. 7 is a front sectional view of the main part of an embedded magnet type synchronous motor to which the rotor of the first prior art is applied. In the illustrated motor, the rotor has 6 permanent magnet magnetic poles, and the stator has 36 salient magnetic poles (same as the number of slots).
In FIG. 7, in the operation of the motor, in the rotor 30 in which the permanent magnet 33 is inserted into the rotor core 34, the gap magnetic flux density is high on the q axis constituting the magnetic convex portion having a small magnetic resistance, and the magnetic resistance is reduced. On the d-axis that forms a large magnetic recess, the gap magnetic flux density is low. Due to the saliency of the rotor 30, when q-axis inductance is Lq and d-axis inductance is Ld, Lq> Ld, and reluctance torque generated by change in magnetic flux density can be used in addition to magnet torque. Increased efficiency can be expected. Magnet torque means that a magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet 33 of a rotor 30 and a rotating magnetic field generated by a stator winding (not shown) housed in a slot 42 in a stator core 41 of a stator 40 are caused by a magnetic attractive force and a magnetic repulsive force. The reluctance torque is a torque generated when the salient pole portion of the rotor 30 is attracted to a rotating magnetic field by a stator winding (not shown).

Next, the second prior art will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 8 is a front view of a magnetic steel sheet formed body punched for rotor core formation in the second prior art (for example, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, Patent Document 4, Patent Document 5, Patent Document 6, Patent Reference 7).
In FIG. 8, the electromagnetic steel sheet forming body 50 is composed of one thin disk-shaped electromagnetic steel sheet for forming a rotor core. In this electromagnetic steel sheet forming body 50, two magnets for one pole are inserted symmetrically with respect to the radial pole pitch line provided at a predetermined pole pitch angle when the rotor is formed. The two magnet holes 52 and 53 are provided in a V shape. An outer bridge 54 is formed in a portion between the upper end portions of the magnet holes 52 and 53 and the outer peripheral portion of the rotor. The magnetic steel sheet forming body 50 is provided with a center bridge 51 between the magnet holes 52 and 53. When a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheet forming bodies 50 are stacked and formed into a block shape, an electromagnetic steel sheet stack (rotor core 57 in FIG. 9) is manufactured.

Next, the operation will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 9 is a front sectional view of the main part of an embedded magnet type synchronous motor to which the rotor of the second prior art is applied, and schematically shows the positional relationship between the magnetic poles of the stator and the rotor that generate the optimum rotational torque. It is shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B are diagrams for explaining the operation of the interior permanent magnet type synchronous motor according to the second prior art, in which FIG. 10A is a schematic diagram showing the operation during normal rotation of the motor, and FIG. 10B shows the rotating magnetic field of the motor. It is the figure which showed the relationship between the electric current phase to generate | occur | produce and a torque. In the illustrated motor, the rotor has eight permanent magnet magnetic poles, and the stator has 48 salient magnetic poles (the same number as the number of slots).
9 and 10A, the embedded magnet type synchronous motor has a permanent magnet type rotor 50 in which permanent magnets 55 and 56 of the same size as the magnet holes are inserted into the magnet holes 52 and 53, respectively. Yes. With this configuration, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 55 and 56 embedded in the rotor core 57 and the rotating magnetic field generated by a stator winding (not shown) housed in the slot 62 of the stator core 61 of the stator 60 are attracted. Repels and generates magnet torque. Further, since the magnetic resistance in the q-axis direction perpendicular to the magnet axis is smaller than that in the d-axis direction, a salient pole structure is formed. The q-axis inductance Lq is larger than the d-axis inductance Ld, and reluctance torque is generated by this saliency. In FIG. 9 and FIG. 10A, the V-shaped array of permanent magnets 55 and 56 embedded in the magnet holes 52 and 53 are isosceles, so that they are sandwiched between permanent magnets of the same size with two identical poles facing each other. The rebound point of the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet in the outer core portion is located at the center of the outer core portion of the rotor 50 and on the center line OC passing through the center of the radial pole pitch line OP.

In FIGS. 9 and 10A, the force that gives rotational energy to the rotor 50 is actually a combination of the strength of the current flowing through the stator winding (not shown) in the slot 62. However, it is simplified for the sake of explanation. The magnetic flux density distribution of the motor will be described by paying attention to the pole at the position of the 12 o'clock hand as indicated by the clock hand.
Since the rebounding point of the d-axis of the outer iron core part surrounded by the two homopolar permanent magnets 55 and 56 is at the center of the surface of the rotor 50, it is formed by a stator winding (not shown) in the slot 62. 9 and 10A, in the gap surface between the stator 60 and the rotor 50, the left side is the stator N pole and the rotor S pole with respect to the rebound point on the OC. The suction part of the configuration, the right side is a repulsion part that becomes the S pole for both the stator and the rotor. On the surface of the rotor 50, the magnetic flux is dense in the attracting part and the magnetic flux is sparse in the repulsive part. Therefore, the rotor 50 is a magnet that moves from a dense magnetic flux to a sparse magnetic flux, that is, in a clockwise direction. Torque works. The q-axis magnetic flux mainly flows through the teeth 63 of the stator 60 facing the salient poles.
10A, the magnetic field by the permanent magnets 55 and 56 of the rotor 50, the attraction of the rotating magnetic field by the stator winding (not shown) in the slot 62, and the stator winding (not shown). Since the d-axis salient pole portion of the rotor 50 is attracted to the rotating magnetic field, the magnetic flux density at the shaded portion is particularly high. At this time, the N pole component by the winding is shorter than the S pole component of the permanent magnet and the S pole component by a stator winding (not shown), so that the magnetic flux of the S pole component is shortened, that is, rotated in the clockwise direction. The reluctance torque which tries to move the child 50 works.
Here, in FIG. 10B, the magnet torque generated by the magnetic attractive force and magnetic repulsive force between the magnetic field by the magnet and the rotating magnetic field by the winding is in the relationship of the curve in the figure, and rotates to the rotating magnetic field by the winding. The reluctance torque generated when the salient poles of the child are attracted has the relationship of the curve in the figure. Thus, when both the magnet torque and the reluctance torque are combined, the torque indicated by the thick solid line in the figure can be generated.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-2111826 (page 4 of the specification, FIGS. 1 to 3) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-039963 (pages 4-6 of the specification, FIGS. 1 and 2) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-057958 (Specifications pages 4-7, FIGS. 1 and 5) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-130604 (page 8 of specification, FIG. 1) JP 2005-160133 A (page 8 of the specification, FIG. 1) JP 2002-112513 A (page 5 of the specification, FIGS. 1 and 3) JP 2006-254629 A (pages 7 to 8 of the specification, FIG. 4)

Toyo Denki Technical Report No. 111, 2005-3 (pages 13 to 21)

However, in the second prior art, the reluctance torque is used because the q-axis magnetic flux due to the armature reaction tends to be saturated at the outer iron core formed between the upper surfaces of the two permanent magnet insertion holes and the outer diameter of the rotor core. It is not possible to obtain a large torque at start-up or sudden load fluctuation.
Further, as shown in the second prior art, the shape of the V-shaped two permanent magnets arranged per pole is more magnetically anisotropic than the shape having a flat permanent magnet arrangement as shown in the first prior art. Although it has a strong shape, it does not take full advantage of anisotropy and does not contribute to improving motor efficiency at low speeds and light loads.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and a q-axis magnetic flux is formed by an upper iron core portion formed between the upper surface of two V-shaped magnet holes and the outer diameter of the rotor. Permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electrical machine that can reduce saturation and improve reluctance torque and improve magnet torque, and can obtain large torque during startup and sudden load fluctuations. An object is to provide a vehicle, an elevator, a fluid machine, and a processing machine that are provided.

In order to solve the above problem, the present invention is configured as follows.
The invention described in claim 1 comprises a stator for mounting a stator winding on a stator core, and a rotor having a rotor core, and the rotor has a predetermined pole pitch with respect to the rotor core. A first magnet hole and a second magnet hole for inserting two permanent magnets for one pole along a V-shape with the rotation center side as a vertex, and the first and second magnet holes. First and second permanent magnets respectively inserted into the magnet holes, and a center bridge for partitioning the first and second magnet holes provided so as to be positioned at the top of the V-shape. In the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine, the vertex of the V-shape is on a center line that bisects the pole pitch angle, and the first magnet hole and the pole pitch angle with respect to the vertex of the V-shape are used as a reference. The angle formed with the center line is the distance between the second magnet hole and the center line of the pole pitch angle. When the magnet axis constituting the magnetic concave portion of the rotor is d-axis and the salient pole constituting the magnetic convex portion of the rotor is q-axis, the pole pitch angle is smaller than the angle. Is divided into two equal parts, and the polarity of the gap surface between the rotor and the stator on the first permanent magnet side with the center line as a boundary, and the second permanent magnet side with the center line as a boundary The rotor is rotated in the forward direction so that either one of the polarity of the gap surface between the rotor and the stator in the above constitutes a suction part having a different polarity and the other forms a repulsion part having the same polarity. It is characterized in that the magnetic repulsion boundary point in the d-axis, which is the operating point for moving in the reverse direction, is matched.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to the first aspect, the shapes of the first and second magnet holes are asymmetrical.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to the first or second aspect, the longitudinal length of the first magnet hole is shorter than the longitudinal length of the second magnet hole. It is characterized by being.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to the first or second aspect, the first and second magnet holes are formed on the electromagnetic steel sheet forming body from the upper end surfaces of the holes. It is characterized in that it is provided at a position where the interval of the iron core part to the outer peripheral part becomes the same.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to the first or second aspect of the invention, the first and second magnet holes are respectively connected to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the magnet holes on the outer peripheral side or An arc space for preventing leakage magnetic flux having a shape bulging toward the inner peripheral side is provided.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to the first or second aspect, the corner portion of the first and second magnet holes includes a corner portion of the magnet hole. An arc space for preventing leakage magnetic flux having a shape that bulges toward the outer peripheral side with a curvature larger than the above-described curvature is provided.
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to the first or second aspect, the first and second magnet holes are substantially rectangular.
According to an eighth aspect of the invention, in the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to the first or second aspect, the first and second magnet holes are arc-shaped.
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to the first aspect of the present invention, the rotor core is determined by a stress limit due to a centrifugal force on pole pitch lines located at both ends of the pole pitch angle. It is characterized in that a hollow portion is provided.
A tenth aspect of the present invention is the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to the first aspect, wherein the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine is formed between upper end surfaces of the first and second magnet holes and an outer peripheral portion of the rotor core. A magnetic flux generated by the first and second permanent magnets is distributed in the iron core portion in a circumferential direction with respect to a center line passing through the center of the pole pitch angle in the rotor core.
According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to the first aspect, the number P of magnetic poles constituted by the first and second permanent magnets and the salient pole magnetic pole of the stator. The relationship between the number M of salient poles arranged is P = 2 (n + 1) (where n is an integer equal to or greater than 1) and M = 6P.
According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to the eleventh aspect, the rotating electric machine is an embedded magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine in which the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet is eight. It is said.
A thirteenth aspect of the present invention is a vehicle using the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to the first to twelfth aspects of the present invention as a drive motor for driving wheels.
The invention described in claim 14 is a vehicle using the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine described in claims 1-12 as a generator.
A fifteenth aspect of the invention is an elevator using the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to the first to twelfth aspects as a drive motor.
The invention described in claim 16 is a fluid machine using the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electrical machine described in claims 1-12 as a drive motor.
The invention described in claim 17 is a processing machine using the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine described in claims 1 to 12 as a drive motor.

  According to the present invention, two magnet holes for inserting two permanent magnets for one pole along the V shape within a range of radial pole pitch lines provided at a predetermined pole pitch angle in the rotor core. The magnetic flux produced by two permanent magnets is rotated by shifting one magnet hole in a direction away from the center line of the pole pitch line and shifting the other in a direction approaching the center line of the pole pitch line. The iron core formed between the upper end surfaces of the two magnet holes arranged in a V shape and the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core because it is distributed in the circumferential direction with respect to the center of the pole pitch line in the core. In this section, it is possible to suppress the saturation of the q-axis magnetic flux, and to use both the reluctance torque and the magnet torque. As a result, it is possible to obtain a permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electrical machine used in the fields of vehicles, elevators, fluid machinery, processing machines, etc., which can obtain a large torque even at start-up and sudden load fluctuations and is efficient. be able to.

It is a front view of the electromagnetic steel plate formation body stamped out for rotor core shaping | molding which shows the Example of this invention. It is the front sectional view which expanded the structure of the rotor to which the electrical steel sheet forming object of the present invention is applied. FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of the main part of an embedded magnet type synchronous motor to which the rotor of the present invention is applied, and schematically shows the positional relationship between the magnetic poles of the stator and the rotor that generate the optimum rotational torque. . It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of the embedded magnet type synchronous motor by this invention, Comprising: (a) is a schematic diagram which shows the operation | movement at the time of motor normal rotation, (b) is the electric current phase which generates the rotating magnetic field of a motor, and It is the figure which showed the relationship of the torque. It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of the embedded magnet type | mold synchronous motor by this invention, Comprising: (a) is a schematic diagram which shows the operation | movement at the time of a motor reverse rotation, (b) is the electric current phase which generates the rotating magnetic field of a motor, and It is the figure which showed the relationship of the torque. It is a front view of the electromagnetic steel plate formation body stamped out for rotor core formation in the 1st prior art. It is a front sectional view of the principal part of the embedded magnet type synchronous motor to which the rotor of the first prior art is applied. It is a front view of the electromagnetic steel plate formation body punched out for rotor core formation in the 2nd prior art. It is a front sectional view of the main part of the embedded magnet type synchronous motor to which the rotor of the second prior art is applied, and schematically shows the positional relationship between the magnetic poles of the stator and the rotor that generate the optimum rotational torque. It is. It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of the embedded magnet type synchronous motor by 2nd prior art, (a) is a schematic diagram which shows operation | movement at the time of motor normal rotation, (b) is the electric current which generates the rotating magnetic field of a motor. It is the figure which showed the relationship between a phase and a torque.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a magnetic steel sheet formed body punched for forming a rotor core according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged front sectional view of the structure of a rotor to which the magnetic steel sheet formed body of the present invention is applied. is there.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a magnetic steel sheet forming body, 2 and 3 are first and second magnet holes, and 4 is an outer bridge. In FIG. 2, 5 is a center bridge, 6 and 7 are first and second permanent magnets, 8 is a cavity, 10 is a rotor, 11 is a rotor core, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 is a circular arc space for preventing leakage magnetic flux, O is a center of rotation, θ is a pole pitch angle, OP is a pole pitch line positioned at both ends of the pole pitch angle θ, and OC is a pole pitch sandwiched between the pole pitch lines OP and OP. A center line that bisects the angle θ, La and Lb are radial lengths of the first and second magnet holes 2 and 3, respectively, and Cr is an outer peripheral portion of the rotor core 11 from the upper end surfaces of the magnet holes 2 and 3. It is the interval of the iron core between.

The features of the present invention are as follows.
In FIG. 1, an electromagnetic steel sheet forming body 1 is composed of one thin disk-shaped electromagnetic steel sheet for forming a rotor core. Two magnets for one pole along the V-shape with the center of rotation of the core as a vertex within the radial pole pitch line provided at a predetermined pole pitch angle in the disk-shaped electromagnetic steel sheet forming body 1 Two magnet holes 2 and 3 for insertion are provided. An outer bridge 4 is formed in a portion between the upper end portions of the magnet holes 2 and 3 of the electromagnetic steel sheet forming body 1 and the outer peripheral portion of the rotor. Further, a center bridge 5 is provided in the electromagnetic steel sheet forming body 1 so as to partition the magnet holes so as to be positioned at the apexes of the V-shaped magnet holes 2 and 3. When a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheet forming bodies 1 are laminated and formed into a block shape, an electromagnetic steel sheet laminate (rotor core 11 in FIG. 2) is manufactured.
Next, in FIG. 2, first and second magnet holes for inserting two permanent magnets 6 and 7 per pole into the rotor core 11 composed of the electromagnetic steel sheet forming body 1 shown in FIG. 1. A few features will be specifically described. Within the range of the radial pole pitch line OP provided at a predetermined pole pitch angle θ along the V-shape with the rotation center O side of the core 11 as the apex, the first magnet hole 2 corresponds to the pole pitch line OP. The second magnet hole 3 is shifted in a direction away from the center line OC passing through the center, and the second magnet hole 3 is shifted in a direction approaching the center line OC passing through the center of the pole pitch line OP.
The shapes of the first and second magnet holes 2 and 3 are asymmetrical, the radial length La of the first magnet hole 2 is increased, and the radial length Lb of the second magnet hole 3 is increased. It is shortened.
Further, the first and second magnet holes 2 and 3 are formed in the iron core portion between the upper end surfaces of the holes through which the magnets 6 and 7 are inserted into the rotor core 11 and the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core 11. The distance Cr is provided at the same position.
In addition, the first and second magnet holes 2, 3 have arcuate spaces 20, 21, 22 for preventing leakage magnetic flux that are shaped to bulge toward both the outer peripheral side and the inner peripheral side at both ends in the radial direction of the magnet holes. , 23 are provided.
In addition, the first and second magnet holes 2 and 3 each include a corner portion of the magnet hole so as to include a corner portion of the magnet hole, and an arc space for preventing leakage magnetic flux that bulges toward the outer peripheral side with a curvature larger than the curvature of the corner portion. 24 and 25 are provided. Here, the shape of the first and second magnet holes 2 and 3 described in the present embodiment is basically formed in a substantially rectangular shape, but may be an arc shape instead.
Further, the rotor core 11 composed of the electromagnetic steel sheet forming body 1 is provided with a cavity 8 in an area determined by a stress limit due to centrifugal force and located on the radial pole pitch line OP.

Next, an embedded magnet type synchronous motor to which the rotor of the present invention is applied will be described.
FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of the main part of an embedded magnet type synchronous motor to which the rotor of the present invention is applied, and schematically shows the positional relationship between the magnetic poles of the stator and the rotor that generate the optimum rotational torque. Is. In the illustrated motor, the number of permanent magnet magnetic poles of the rotor is 8 and the number of salient pole magnetic poles (same as the number of slots) of the stator is 48, and the combination of the number of magnets and the number of slots is the second conventional. Same as technology.
In the embedded magnet type synchronous motor, the permanent magnets 6 and 7 embedded in the rotor 10 have a V-shaped arrangement, the same poles face each other, and the circumferential thickness is the same, but one permanent magnet 6 The radial length of the other permanent magnet 7 is short, and the distance Cr between the iron core portions from the upper end surface of each permanent magnet to the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 10 is It is provided at the same depth. Further, the opening angle of the permanent magnets 6 and 7 shown in FIG. 3 with respect to the rotation center of the rotor 10 is the same as the opening angle of the permanent magnets 55 and 56 shown in FIG. 10 of the second prior art. Therefore, the rebound point of the magnetic flux by the permanent magnet in the outer iron core portion sandwiched between the two permanent magnets 6 and 7 having the same pole and different length is closer to the side of the permanent magnet 7 having a shorter radial length, that is, deformed. A position deviating δ from the center line QQ passing through the center of the opening angle α (open angle) of the V-shaped permanent magnets 6 and 7 toward the circumferential direction (on the center line OC of the pole pitch line of the rotor 10) ).

FIG. 3 shows an example in which the number of permanent magnet magnetic poles arranged in the magnet hole of the rotor = 8 poles and the number of salient magnetic poles arranged in the stator magnetic pole poles (number of slots) = 48. This combination is preferably expressed by the following relationship as the number of magnetic poles P of the permanent magnet of the rotor and the number of magnetic salient poles M of the stator.
That is, P = 2 (n + 1) (where n is an integer equal to or greater than 1) and M = 6P
With these combinations, it is possible to obtain a high-output and high-efficiency rotating electrical machine with less cogging and less vibration.

[Description of forward rotation operation of rotating electrical machine according to the present invention]
Next, the operation will be described.
4A and 4B are diagrams for explaining the operation of the embedded magnet type synchronous motor according to the present invention. FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram showing the operation during normal rotation of the motor, and FIG. 4B is a diagram for generating a rotating magnetic field of the motor. It is the figure which showed the relationship between an electric current phase and a torque.
In FIG. 4A, the d-axis magnetic repulsion point in the outer iron core part surrounded by two homopolar permanent magnets 6 and 7 having different lengths is located outside the bottom of the V-shaped array. As shown in FIG. 3, the deviation amount on the surface is described as a deviation angle (δ) that is a deviation amount of about 1 slot of the stator from the center line OC of the pole pitch line OP. To do.
When the pole formed by the stator winding (not shown) mounted in the slot 14 of the stator core 13 is as shown in FIG. 4A, the gap surface between the stator and the rotor is a magnetic repulsion point (OC). The left side is an attracting part with the stator winding side as the N pole and the permanent magnet side as the S pole, and the right side is the repulsion part with both the stator winding side and the permanent magnet side as the S pole. The attracting part has a dense magnetic flux and the repulsive part has a sparse magnetic flux, but the attracting part has a smaller number of N poles on the stator side due to the current direction of the stator winding compared to the example of FIG. The magnetic flux density is higher than that of the example of FIG. 10, and the repulsion part has a lower magnetic flux density than the example of FIG. While the density difference is large, the magnet torque acting on the rotor is larger than that in the example of FIG. In FIG. 4A, the opening angle α of the two permanent magnets 6 and 7 with respect to the rotation center of the rotor is the same as in the example of FIG. 10, but the magnetic repulsion point in the d axis is about By shifting one slot (δ in FIGS. 3 and 4), the salient poles (teeth) of the stator facing the rotor salient poles through which the q-axis magnetic flux flows are one of the examples in FIG. Compared to almost two, magnetic saturation is difficult. In the explanatory part of FIG. 3, since the magnetic field by the permanent magnet of the rotor and the rotating magnetic field by the winding are attracted and the d-axis salient pole part of the rotor is attracted by the rotating magnetic field by the winding, the diagonal lines in FIG. The magnetic flux density in the part is particularly high. At this time, the N pole component of the permanent magnet and the S pole component of the winding are shorter by one slot than the example of FIG. 10, and the magnetic flux of the S pole component is shortened, that is, clockwise. The reluctance torque that tries to move the rotor works more strongly than the example of FIG.

Next, the relationship between the current phase and torque of the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the rotor of the present invention includes a first core portion formed between the upper end surfaces of the first and second magnet holes 2 and 3 and the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core 11. The magnetic flux produced by the first and second permanent magnets 6 and 7 is distributed in a circumferentially biased manner with respect to the center OC of the radial pole pitch line OP provided at a predetermined pole pitch angle in the rotor core 11. As a result, the d-axis magnetic flux is biased to increase the d-axis magnetic resistance, the q-axis inductance Lq becomes larger than the d-axis inductance Ld, and the saliency becomes prominent, so that reluctance torque is likely to be generated. . At the same time, in order to suppress q-axis magnetic flux saturation, the permanent magnet arrangement is biased so that the number of salient pole magnetic poles (teeth) of the stator facing the q-axis in the pole pitch OP can be increased. Thereby, the saturation of q-axis magnetic flux can be relieved. The magnet torque generated by the magnetic attraction force and magnetic repulsion force between the magnetic field by the magnet and the rotating magnetic field by the winding has a relationship as shown by the curve in FIG. 4B. The reluctance torque generated by the suction is as shown by the curve in FIG. Thus, when both the magnet torque and the reluctance torque are combined, the torque (total torque) indicated by the thick solid line in FIG. 4B can be generated.

[Description of Reverse Rotation Operation of Rotating Electric Machine According to the Present Invention]
5A and 5B are diagrams for explaining the operation of the embedded magnet type synchronous motor according to the present invention. FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram showing the operation during reverse rotation of the motor, and FIG. 5B is a diagram for generating a rotating magnetic field of the motor. It is the figure which showed the relationship between an electric current phase and a torque.
4 shows the optimum rotational torque position when the rotating electrical machine of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 rotates clockwise (forward rotation), whereas FIG. 5 shows that the rotating electrical machine rotates counterclockwise (reverse rotation). The optimum rotational torque position is shown.
In FIG. 5 (a), the left side of the rotor's d-axis homopolar magnetic repulsion point is the repulsion part having both the stator winding side and the permanent magnet side as the S pole, the right side is the N pole at the stator winding side, In the attracting part with the S pole on the permanent magnet side, a magnet torque that tries to move the rotor in the direction of the repulsive part that is more sparse than the attracting part having a high magnetic flux density, that is, counterclockwise. The relationship between the current phase of the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine and the torque in this case is shown in FIG. 5B, but the total torque is basically the same as that in the case of the normal rotating operation of the rotating electric machine, and will be omitted.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail. As shown in the second prior art of FIG. 10, the permanent magnet embedded in the rotor is compared with the rotor in which the isosceles V-shaped array is arranged. The present invention shown in FIG. 2 is for inserting two permanent magnets 6 and 7 for one pole along the V shape within the range of the radial pole pitch line OP provided at a predetermined pole pitch angle θ in the rotor core 11. Of the two magnet holes 2, 3, one magnet hole 2 is shifted in a direction away from the center line OC of the pole pitch line OP, and the other magnet hole 3 approaches the center line OC of the pole pitch line OP. Since the magnetic flux generated by the two permanent magnets 6 and 7 is distributed in a circumferential direction with respect to the center OC of the pole pitch line OP in the rotor core 11 by being shifted in the direction, the rotation in one direction V shape with the radial length of the permanent magnet changed with respect to the direction Magnet torque in sequence, to improve both the reluctance torque, it is possible to increase the efficiency of the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine. And the improvement of the magnet torque with respect to one direction of rotation can greatly improve the efficiency of the low-speed / light-load region where the current of the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine is low.
In general, a centrifugal force acts on the permanent magnet embedded by the rotation of the rotor 10, and the permanent magnet tends to escape to the outer peripheral side of the rotor. The greater the contact area between the permanent magnet and the permanent magnet insertion hole, the closer the permanent magnet is to the horizontal with respect to the center of rotation, and the lighter the permanent magnet, the stronger the centrifugal force. In the V-shaped permanent magnet arrangement in which one of the two permanent magnets 6 and 7 is short in the radial direction and the other is elongated as in the present invention, the permanent magnet 7 having the shorter radial direction is used. Stands for the center of rotation, but its weight is light because of its short length, and the permanent magnet 6 with the longer radial direction is closer to the center of rotation than the isosceles V-shape to be compared. Strong against rotational centrifugal force.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the first and second magnet holes 2 and 3 each have a circular arc space for preventing leakage magnetic flux that bulges toward the outer peripheral side or the inner peripheral side at both ends in the radial direction of the magnet holes. Leakage magnetic flux having a configuration in which 20 to 23 are provided, and the first and second magnet holes 2 and 3 swell toward the outer peripheral side with a curvature larger than the curvature of the corners so as to include the corners of the magnet holes, respectively. Since the prevention arc spaces 24 and 25 are provided, the concentration of stress in the magnet hole of the rotor 10 can be diffused and mitigated by the arc space.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the rotor core 11 is provided with a center bridge 5 between the magnet holes 2 and 3 for inserting two magnets per pole along the V shape and the magnet holes. Therefore, the centrifugal strength is further increased by this center bridge. That is, higher speed rotation is possible.
Further, since the eight hollow portions 8 are formed in the rotor core 11 as shown in FIG. 2, it is possible to reduce the weight of the rotor 10 that was originally heavy, and the rotor The mechanical loss in a bearing portion (not shown) for supporting a rotor shaft (not shown) fitted in the hollow portion 10 can be reduced and made efficient. In this case, the cavity portion 8 is set by a shape dimension determined by a stress limit generated by a centrifugal force acting on the rotor 10 and a shape dimension determined by determining where there is little influence on the magnetic path. The stator winding (not shown) and the rotor mounted in the slot 14 of the stator 12 do not impair the mechanical strength against the rotational centrifugal force. The magnetic flux flow (magnetic path) by the ten permanent magnets 6 and 7 is not obstructed, and the characteristics are not adversely affected.
And since a refrigerant | coolant can be taken in and distribute | circulated to the cavity part 8 of the rotor core 11 mentioned above, a rotor core can be cooled directly and the improvement of the cooling performance of the rotor 10 can be aimed at.

  In FIG. 10 of the second prior art, the d-axis magnetic repulsion boundary provided in the rotor is necessarily centered in the normal isosceles V-shaped permanent magnet arrangement, whereas in FIG. In the above description, the principle of shifting to the shorter permanent magnet side by one slot has been described, but the amount of shift varies depending on the combination of the number of slots of the stator of the rotating electrical machine and the number of poles of the rotor.

Further, as a description and drawings of the above-described embodiment, a so-called slotted stator is used. However, the present invention mainly relates to the structure of the rotor, and is therefore limited to the slotted stator. Needless to say, the same effect can be obtained by using a so-called slotless stator.
The present invention can also be applied to a linear motor that moves linearly instead of the rotary motor.

  According to the electromagnetic steel sheet forming body, the electromagnetic steel sheet laminate of the present invention, the rotor for a permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine including the same, and the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine, two magnets arranged in a V shape on the rotor core In the iron core part formed between the upper end surface of the hole and the outer periphery of the rotor core, it is possible to suppress the saturation of the q-axis magnetic flux and to use both the reluctance torque and the magnet torque. As a result, it is possible to obtain a large torque even at start-up and sudden load fluctuations and to improve the efficiency, so that drive motors and generators such as hybrid vehicles, fuel cell vehicles, electric vehicles, It is effective as a generator for use in drive motors and generators for railway vehicles, and generator cars for uninterruptible power supplies. Further, it is also effective as a motor for driving industrial machines such as elevators, elevators in multilevel parking lots, fluid machinery such as compressors, blowers, and pumps for wind and hydraulic power, or semiconductor manufacturing devices and machine tools.

1 electromagnetic steel sheet forming body,
2, 3 first and second magnet holes,
4 Outer bridge,
5 Center bridge,
6, 7 1st, 2nd permanent magnet,
8 cavity,
10 rotor,
11 Rotor core (magnetic steel sheet laminate),
20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 Arc space 12 for preventing leakage magnetic flux 12 Stator,
13 Stator core,
14 slot O center of rotation,
OP pole pitch wire,
OC The center line of the pole pitch line,
θ pole pitch angle,
α Opening angle (opening angle) of the first and second magnet holes,
δ Shift amount (deflection angle) of rebound point of magnetic flux,
La, Lb Permanent magnet radial length,
The distance between the upper end surface of the Cr magnet hole and the outer periphery of the rotor core

Claims (17)

A stator for mounting a stator winding on the stator core, and a rotor having a rotor core;
The rotor is
A first magnet hole and a second magnet hole that are provided in the rotor core at a predetermined pole pitch angle and for inserting two permanent magnets for one pole along a V-shape with the rotation center side as a vertex. When,
First and second permanent magnets respectively inserted into the first and second magnet holes;
A center bridge for partitioning the first and second magnet holes provided to be located at the apex of the V-shape;
In the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine with
The V-shaped apex is on a center line that bisects the polar pitch angle;
The angle formed between the first magnet hole and the center line of the pole pitch angle with respect to the vertex of the V shape is smaller than the angle formed between the second magnet hole and the center line of the pole pitch angle. And
When the magnet axis that constitutes the magnetic concave portion of the rotor is d-axis and the salient pole that constitutes the magnetic convex portion of the rotor is q-axis, The polarity of the gap surface between the rotor and the stator on the first permanent magnet side with the center line as the boundary, and between the rotor and the stator on the second permanent magnet side with the center line as the boundary D becomes an operating point for moving the rotor in the forward or reverse direction so that either one of the polarities of the gap surface forms a suction part having a different polarity and the other forms a repulsion part having the same polarity. A permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electrical machine characterized by matching the magnetic repulsion boundary point in the shaft.   2. The permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the first and second magnet holes have asymmetric shapes.   The permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the longitudinal length of the first magnet hole is shorter than the longitudinal length of the second magnet hole.   The first and second magnet holes are provided at positions where the intervals of the iron core portions from the respective upper end surfaces of the holes to the outer peripheral portion of the electromagnetic steel sheet forming body are the same. The permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to claim 1 or 2.   Each of the first and second magnet holes is provided with arc space for preventing leakage magnetic flux in a shape that bulges toward the outer peripheral side or the inner peripheral side at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the magnet hole. The permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to claim 1 or 2.   The first and second magnet holes are each provided with an arc space for preventing leakage magnetic flux that bulges toward the outer periphery with a curvature larger than the curvature of the corner so as to include the corner of the magnet hole. The permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the above.   The permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first and second magnet holes are substantially rectangular.   The permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first and second magnet holes have an arc shape.   2. The permanent magnet synchronization according to claim 1, wherein the rotor core is provided with a cavity portion determined by a stress limit due to a centrifugal force on a pole pitch line positioned at both ends of the pole pitch angle. Rotating electric machine.   In the iron core portion formed between the upper end surfaces of the first and second magnet holes and the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core, the magnetic flux generated by the first and second permanent magnets is the pole pitch in the rotor core. 2. The permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine is distributed in a circumferential direction with respect to a center line passing through the center of the corner.   The relationship between the number P of magnetic poles composed of the first and second permanent magnets and the number M of salient poles arranged in the salient pole of the stator is P = 2 (n + 1) (where n is 1). The permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein M = 6P.   The permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to claim 11, wherein the rotating electric machine is an embedded magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine in which the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet is eight.   A vehicle using the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to claim 1 as a driving motor for driving a wheel.   A vehicle, wherein the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to claim 1 is used as a generator.   An elevator using the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to claim 1 as a driving motor.   13. A fluid machine using the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to claim 1 as a drive motor.   A processing machine using the permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine according to claim 1 as a drive motor.

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