JP2010042590A - Printed matter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve more excellent forgery preventing effect. <P>SOLUTION: A printed matter 10 includes a matter to be printed 11 and a first printing pattern P1 formed on the matter to be printed 11 and provided with a gap G1. The area ratio of the first part where a distance from the first printing pattern P1 of the gap G1 to the first region R1 consisting of the first printing pattern P1 and the gap G1 is 0.1 mm or less is 10% or more, and the area ratio of the first printing pattern P1 to the first region R1 is within a range from 85 to 90%. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a forgery prevention technique.

  In recent years, counterfeiting of printed materials has increased. Therefore, various anti-counterfeiting techniques have been developed to suppress this (for example, see Patent Document 1).

However, many printed materials to which the anti-counterfeiting technology is applied have a problem that the application is relatively easily recognized by an observer. If the application of the anti-counterfeiting technology is realized, there is a high possibility that the printed material is illegally copied or altered. That is, an excellent anti-counterfeit effect cannot be achieved.
JP 2005-88276 A

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to realize a better anti-counterfeit effect.

  According to an aspect of the present invention, the printing apparatus includes: a printing medium; and a first printing pattern formed on the printing medium and provided with a gap, the first printing pattern and the first area including the gap with respect to the first area. The area ratio of the first portion of the gap whose distance from the first print pattern is 0.1 mm or less is 10% or more, and the area ratio of the first print pattern to the first region is 85% to 90%. A printed matter characterized in that it is within the range of is provided.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a better anti-counterfeit effect.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, in each figure, the same referential mark is attached | subjected to the component which exhibits the same or similar function, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  FIG. 1 is an enlarged plan view schematically showing a printed material according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view schematically showing a modification of the printed matter shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view schematically showing a copy of the printed matter shown in FIG. 1 or FIG.

  The printed material 10 includes a printing material 11 and a first print pattern P1 formed thereon.

  There is no particular limitation on the type of the substrate 11. As the substrate 11, for example, paper can be used. As this paper, for example, paper such as art paper, coated paper or high-quality paper, paperboard such as coated ball, coated manila or double-sided card, or special securities paper can be used. Alternatively, the substrate 11 may be a card made of plastic. The substrate 11 may have a single layer structure or a multilayer structure.

  The printed material 11 is desirably a bright color. Here, as an example, it is assumed that the substrate 11 is white.

  The first print pattern P1 is formed using ink. There are no particular restrictions on the type and color of the ink. However, typically, black or turbid ink with relatively low saturation is used in order to make the forgery prevention effect described later remarkable.

  A gap G1 is provided in the first print pattern P1. The first print pattern P1 and the gap G1 form a first region R1. In the gap G1, the area ratio of the first portion with the distance from the first print pattern P1 of 0.1 mm or less to the first region R1 is 10% or more. The area ratio of the first print pattern P1 to the first region R1 is in the range of 85% to 90%.

  The first print pattern P1 includes a plurality of sub-patterns arranged in a nested manner. Each of the plurality of sub-patterns is a ring in FIG. 1 and a partially missing ring in FIG. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, since the first print pattern P1 is drawn in an enlarged manner, the sub patterns can be distinguished from each other. It is difficult to distinguish from each other.

  Each of the plurality of sub-patterns may be an elliptical ring or a partially missing elliptical ring. Alternatively, each of the plurality of sub-patterns may be a closed polygon or a partially missing polygon.

  Alternatively, the first print pattern P1 may be formed in a lattice shape. For example, the first print pattern P1 may have a square lattice shape, a rectangular lattice shape, a triangular lattice shape, or a hexagonal lattice shape. The grating | lattice which comprises the 1st printing pattern P1 may be formed with the straight line, and may be formed with the curve. Moreover, these straight lines or curves may be partially missing.

  When a part of the first print pattern P1 is partially missing, the shortest distance from any point in the missing part to the first print pattern P1 is, for example, 0.1 mm or less. Specifically, it is 0.05 mm or less.

  When the first print pattern P1 is observed with the naked eye, it is perceived as a brighter print pattern compared to a print pattern in which no gap is provided. That is, the first print pattern P1 is typically indistinguishable from a dark gray print pattern in which no gap is provided, when observed with the naked eye. Therefore, it is difficult to realize that the anti-counterfeiting technology is applied to the printed matter 10, and an excellent anti-counterfeiting effect can be achieved.

  When the printed material 10 shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 is copied by an electrophotographic technique or an inkjet printing technique, a copied material 20 shown in FIG. 3 is obtained. The copy 20 includes a blank medium 21 and a first copy pattern C1 formed on the blank medium 21 and corresponding to the first print pattern P1. The blank medium 21 is a medium on which information to be copied is not recorded, and is typically paper. Here, as an example, it is assumed that the blank medium 21 is white paper.

  The shape of the first copy pattern C1 does not match the shape of the first print pattern P1. The shape of the first copy pattern C1 is typically a shape corresponding to the area occupied by the first print pattern P1 and the first portion. That is, the gap provided in the first print pattern P1 disappears due to a positional deviation during copying and bleeding of toner or ink, or the area of the gap becomes extremely small.

  Therefore, the first copy pattern C1 is perceived as a darker pattern as compared to the first print pattern P1. Therefore, by comparing the brightness of each pattern before and after copying, the printed product 10 that is a genuine product and the copied product 20 that is a non-authentic product can be distinguished from each other. That is, an excellent anti-counterfeit effect can be achieved.

  The difference between the reflectance of the first region R1 composed of the first print pattern P1 and the gap G1 and the reflectance of the first copy pattern C1 or the region composed of the first copy pattern C1 and the gap is the first region. Depends on the area ratio of the first part to R1. This area ratio is 10% or more as described above. More preferably, the area ratio is 15% or more. If this area ratio is small, it may be difficult to perceive a difference in brightness between the first print pattern P1 and the first copy pattern C1.

  The reflectance or brightness of the first region R1 depends on the area ratio of the first print pattern P1 occupying the first region R1. This area ratio is in the range of 85% to 90% as described above. If this area ratio is large, the first print pattern P1 and the first copy pattern C1 are both perceived as dark patterns, and it may be difficult to perceive a difference in brightness between the two. If this area ratio is small, the first print pattern P1 and the first copy pattern C1 are both perceived as bright patterns, and it may be difficult to perceive a difference in brightness between the two.

  Note that when a pattern having a missing portion as shown in FIG. 2 is used as the first print pattern P1, a brighter display is possible as compared to the case where a pattern having no missing portion is used. Therefore, in this case, the first print pattern P1 and the first copy pattern C1 can be further easily identified.

  Although FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 depict the case where the printed material 10 includes only one first print pattern P1, the printed material 10 may include a plurality of first print patterns P1. For example, the printed matter 10 may include a plurality of first print patterns P1 that are regularly arranged. In this case, it becomes easier to distinguish between the printed product 10 that is a genuine product and the copy 20 that is a non-authentic product.

  FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view schematically showing a printed matter according to another aspect of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view schematically showing a copy of the printed matter shown in FIG.

  The printed matter 10 shown in FIG. 4 has the same configuration as the printed matter 10 described with reference to FIG. 1 except that the printed matter 10 further includes a second print pattern P2 formed on the substrate 11.

  The second print pattern P2 is typically formed using the same color ink as the first print pattern P1.

  In the printed matter 10 shown in FIG. 4, the second printed pattern P2 has no gap. Therefore, the second print pattern P2 is perceived as a darker pattern compared to the first print pattern P1. That is, in this printed matter 10, the first print pattern P1 and the second print pattern P2 can be distinguished from each other.

  A copy 20 obtained by copying the print 10 by electrophotographic technology or ink-jet printing technology includes a first copy pattern C1 corresponding to the first print pattern P1 and a second copy pattern C2 corresponding to the second print pattern P2. Including. As described above, the first copy pattern C1 has no gap or the size of the gap is extremely small. Therefore, the first copy pattern C1 is perceived as a dark pattern. Further, the second copy pattern C2 does not have a gap like the second print pattern P2. Therefore, the second copy pattern C2 is also perceived as a dark pattern. Accordingly, it is impossible or extremely difficult to distinguish the first copy pattern C1 and the second copy pattern C2 from each other.

  As described above, the printed product 10 that is a genuine product and the copy 20 that is a non-authentic product display different patterns. Therefore, both can be distinguished from each other. That is, the printed matter 10 has an excellent anti-counterfeit effect.

  In this case, there are the following advantages compared to the case where the printed matter 10 does not include the second print pattern P2. That is, in this case, the print patterns P1 and P2 or the copy patterns C1 and C2 can be directly compared in a single printed matter. Therefore, the authenticity of the printed material can be confirmed without comparing with the first printed pattern P1 of the authentic product. Therefore, it becomes easier to distinguish between the printed product 10 which is a genuine product and the copy 20 which is a non-authentic product. That is, a further excellent anti-counterfeit effect can be achieved.

  FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view schematically showing a modification of the printed matter shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is an enlarged plan view schematically showing a copy of the printed matter shown in FIG.

  The printed matter 10 shown in FIG. 6 has the same configuration as the printed matter 10 shown in FIG. 4 except that the second print pattern P2 has a gap.

  In this example, the area ratio of the second print pattern P2 to the second region R2 composed of the second print pattern P2 and the gap G2 is larger than the area ratio of the first print pattern P1 to the first region R1. . That is, the second print pattern P2 is perceived as a darker pattern compared to the first print pattern P1. Therefore, in the printed matter 10, the first print pattern P1 and the second print pattern P2 can be perceived as different patterns.

  In addition, the area ratio of the portion other than the second portion where the distance from the second print pattern P2 is 0.1 mm or less to the second region R2 in the gap G2 of the second print pattern P2 is the gap of the first print pattern P1. The area ratio of the portion other than the first portion of G1 to the first region R1 is equal to or smaller than the area ratio. Therefore, the second copy pattern C2 is perceived as a pattern having the same or darker brightness than the first copy pattern C1. As described above, the first copy pattern C1 is perceived as a dark pattern. That is, the first copy pattern C1 and the second copy pattern C2 are both perceived as dark patterns. Therefore, it is impossible or extremely difficult to distinguish between the first copy pattern C1 and the second copy pattern C2.

  As described above, in the printed matter 10 shown in FIG. 6, both patterns can be discriminated by directly comparing the brightness difference between the first print pattern P1 and the second print pattern P2. On the other hand, in the copy 20, it is impossible or extremely difficult to distinguish the first copy pattern C1 and the second copy pattern C2 from each other. Therefore, it is possible to distinguish the printed product 10 that is a genuine product and the copy 20 that is a non-authentic product from each other.

  In the printed matter 10 described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7, the area of the region composed of the first print pattern P1 and the first portion and the area of the region composed of the second print pattern P2 and the second portion are mutually equal. May be equal. In this case, since the area of the first copy pattern C1 and the area of the second copy pattern C2 are substantially the same, the difference in brightness between these copy patterns is further reduced. For this reason, it is more difficult to distinguish between the two, and a more excellent anti-counterfeit effect can be achieved.

  The first print pattern P1 described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 6, the second print pattern P2 described with reference to FIG. 4, and the second print pattern P2 described with reference to FIG. , The brightness is different from each other. Therefore, these print patterns can be distinguished from each other. That is, if these patterns are combined, the printed matter 10 can be displayed with three gradations.

  FIG. 8 is a plan view schematically showing an example of a printed matter obtained by using the configuration shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. FIG. 9 is a plan view schematically showing a copy of the printed matter shown in FIG.

  The printed matter 10 includes a plurality of first print patterns P1 and a plurality of second print patterns P2. As each of these print patterns P1 and P2, the print patterns described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 are used.

  These patterns are typically arranged regularly. And the arrangement | sequence of several 1st printing pattern P1 or the arrangement | sequence of several 2nd printing pattern P2 typically displays at least one part of the information which the printed matter 10 has. That is, information such as characters and graphics can be displayed by comparing the plurality of relatively bright first print patterns P1 and the plurality of relatively dark second print patterns P2. In FIG. 8, as an example, a case where an array of a plurality of second print patterns P <b> 2 displays information representing the character “A” is depicted.

  In the printed matter 10 shown in FIG. 8, most of the first print patterns P1 are patterns having a plurality of circular rings arranged in a nested manner. On the other hand, most of the second print patterns P2 are patterns made of circles having no gaps inside. And the diameter of the ring which forms the perimeter of these 1st printing patterns P1 and the diameter of the circle which constitutes these 2nd printing patterns P2 are mutually equal.

  Further, the printed matter 10 shown in FIG. 8 is partially composed of the first print pattern P1 and the remainder from the second print pattern P2 at the boundary between the array of the first print pattern P1 and the array of the second print pattern P2. Contains a pattern. The radius of the circle forming the outer periphery of this pattern is equal to the radius of the ring or circle in the print patterns P1 and P2 described above.

  When the printed material 10 is copied by an electrophotographic technique or an ink jet printing technique, a copied material 20 as shown in FIG. 9 is obtained. The copy 20 includes copy patterns C1 and C2. As described above, the copy patterns C1 and C2 cannot be distinguished from each other or are extremely difficult. Therefore, when the printed matter 10 is copied, the information displayed by the comparison between the print patterns P1 and P2 on the printed matter 10 is lost or extremely difficult to perceive. Therefore, by checking the presence / absence of this information display or the difference in its visibility, it is possible to distinguish the printed product 10 that is a genuine product and the copied product 20 that is a non-authentic product from each other.

  FIG. 10 is a plan view schematically showing a modification of the printed matter shown in FIG. FIG. 11 is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the printed matter shown in FIG. FIG. 12 is a plan view schematically showing a copy of the printed matter shown in FIG.

  The printed material 10 shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is formed on the printed material 11 in addition to the first printed pattern P1 and the second printed pattern P2 described with reference to FIG. A print pattern P3 and a fourth print pattern P4 are further provided. In the printed matter 10 shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the arrangement of the plurality of second print patterns P <b> 2 displays information representing the character “A” as in the printed matter 10 shown in FIG. 8. Further, in the printed material 10, the third printed pattern P 3 forms a latent image that displays information representing the letter “B” in the copy 20 of the printed material 10 by the electrophotographic technique or the inkjet printing technique, as shown in FIG. is doing. This will be described in detail below.

  There is no particular limitation on the shape of each halftone dot. Typically, each halftone dot is circular with a certain radius.

  These print patterns P3 and P4 are formed so that the area ratio of the halftone dots in the unit region is equal to each other and is in the range of 15% to 20%. Therefore, the area R3 in which the third print pattern P3 is formed and the area R4 in which the fourth print pattern P4 is formed in the printed material 10 are equal in brightness and cannot be distinguished from each other or are extremely difficult. is there.

  Further, the size of the halftone dots is different between the third print pattern P3 and the fourth print pattern P4. Specifically, the size of the halftone dots constituting the third print pattern P3 is larger than the size of the halftone dots constituting the fourth print pattern P4. The third print pattern P3 has a relatively large halftone dot size, and thus is easily reproduced by copying using an electrophotographic technique or an inkjet printing technique. The fourth print pattern P4 has a relatively small halftone dot size, and is difficult to be reproduced by copying using an electrophotographic technique or an ink jet printing technique. Therefore, when these print patterns P3 and P4 are copied by the electrophotographic technique or the ink jet printing technique, as shown in FIG. 12, the copy 20 includes a region R3 ′ corresponding to the region R3 and a region R4 corresponding to the region R4. 'And are formed to be distinguishable from each other. That is, regions R3 'and R4' having different reflectivities are obtained.

  As described above, the printed matter 10 shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 displays the information “A” by the arrangement of the plurality of print patterns P2. When this printed matter 10 is copied, as shown in FIG. 12, the character information “A” displayed by the arrangement of the plurality of second print patterns P2 disappears, and the character as a latent image by the third print pattern P3 is lost. Information “B” is visualized. Therefore, if the printed material 10 is a genuine product, it is possible to identify the genuine product and the non-authentic product very easily.

  The ratio of the area per dot of the halftone dots constituting the third print pattern P3 to the area per dot of the halftone dots constituting the fourth print pattern P4 is, for example, within a range of 5 to 7 To do. If this value is small, the region R3 'and the region R4' may be difficult to distinguish from each other. If this value is large, the region R3 and the region R4 may be easily distinguished from each other.

  The print patterns P3 and P4 are typically formed so as to overlap the print patterns P1 and P2. In this case, it is more difficult to discriminate between the print patterns P3 and P4 than when the print patterns P3 and P4 are formed so as not to overlap the print patterns P1 and P2. Therefore, when one of the printing patterns P3 and P4 forms a latent image, the existence of the latent image is more difficult to understand.

  A gap is provided between the print patterns P1 and P2 so that the print patterns P3 and P4 can be visually recognized. The shortest distance between the print patterns P1 and P2 is typically in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm. If this distance is small, it may be difficult to perceive an image displayed by comparing the copy patterns C3 and C4. On the other hand, if this distance is large, the presence of the print patterns P3 and P4 forming the latent image may be easily recognized. Also, it may be difficult to display information due to the arrangement of the print patterns P1 or P2.

  Note that the print patterns P3 and / or P4 may be formed by lines instead of halftone dots. The lines constituting the lines may be straight lines or curved lines. When both the printing patterns P3 and P4 include a line, for example, the line widths of the lines differ in both patterns.

  FIG. 13 is an enlarged plan view schematically showing a printed matter according to another aspect of the present invention. FIG. 14 is an enlarged plan view schematically showing a copy of the printed matter shown in FIG.

  A printed matter 10 shown in FIG. 13 includes a substrate 11 and a first print pattern P1 and a second print pattern P2 formed thereon. Note that a gap G2 is provided in the second print pattern P2.

  The second print pattern P2 and the gap G2 form a second region R2. The area ratio of the second print pattern P2 to the second region R2 is equal to the area ratio of the first print pattern P1 to the first region R1. That is, when this printed matter 10 is observed with the naked eye, the brightness of both is equal. Therefore, it is impossible or extremely difficult to distinguish the print patterns P1 and P2 from each other.

  The gap G2 of the second print pattern P2 includes a portion where the shortest distance from the second print pattern P2 exceeds 0.1 mm. In addition, the area ratio of the second portion with respect to the gap G2 in the gap G2 that is less than or equal to 0.1 mm from the second print pattern P2 is smaller than the area ratio of the first portion with respect to the gap G1.

  In this case, the second copy pattern C2 formed by copying the second print pattern P2 is brighter than the first copy pattern C1 formed by copying the first print pattern P1. Therefore, the copy patterns C1 and C2 can be distinguished from each other. That is, it is impossible or extremely difficult to distinguish the print patterns P1 and P2 from each other in the printed product 10 that is a genuine product, whereas the copy patterns C1 and C2 are printed in the copied product 20 that is a non-authentic product. Can be distinguished from each other. Therefore, the genuine product and the non-genuine product can be easily identified.

  FIG. 15 is a plan view schematically showing an example of a printed matter obtained using the configuration shown in FIG. FIG. 16 is a plan view schematically showing a copy of the printed matter shown in FIG.

  The printed matter 10 shown in FIG. 15 has the same configuration as the printed matter 10 shown in FIG. 13 except that the printed matter 10 includes a plurality of print patterns P1 and P2.

  The arrangement of the print patterns P1 or P2 typically forms a latent image that displays at least part of the information on the copy 20 of the print 10 by electrophotographic technology or inkjet printing technology. FIG. 16 shows a case where the latent image displays information representing the character “T” as an example.

  In the printed product 10 which is a genuine product, it is impossible or extremely difficult to distinguish the print patterns P1 and P2 from each other, and therefore the arrangement of these patterns does not constitute a visible image. On the other hand, in the non-authentic copy 20, the copy patterns C1 and C2 can be discriminated from each other, so that the arrangement of the copy patterns C1 or C2 forms a visible image. That is, by copying the printed matter 10, the latent image formed by the arrangement of the print patterns P1 or P2 is visualized. Thereby, it is possible to easily identify the genuine product and the non-genuine product.

  FIG. 17 is a plan view schematically showing a modification of the printed matter shown in FIG. FIG. 18 is a plan view schematically showing a copy of the printed matter shown in FIG.

  The printed material 10 further includes the above-described print patterns P3 and P4 in addition to the print patterns P1 and P2 described with reference to FIG. One of the print patterns P3 and P4 typically constitutes a latent image that displays at least another part of the information in the copy 20 of the print 10 by electrophotographic or ink jet printing techniques. In FIG. 18, as an example, the case where the latent image displays information representing the character “P” is depicted.

  In this case, in the printed product 10 which is a genuine product, it is impossible or extremely difficult to distinguish the print patterns P1 and P2 from each other. Further, as described above, it is impossible or extremely difficult to distinguish the region R3 and the region R4 from each other. On the other hand, in the copy 20 which is a non-authentic product, the copy patterns C1 and C2 can be distinguished from each other. Furthermore, the region R3 'and the region R4' can be distinguished from each other.

  Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 18, two types of latent images can be visualized simultaneously on the copy 20 which is a non-authentic product. Therefore, it becomes easier to distinguish between genuine products and non-genuine products.

<Example 1: Production of sample A>
As an example of the printed material 10, the printed material 10 described with reference to FIG. 8 was manufactured. Each print pattern P1 and P2 was formed with black ink. Each of the first print patterns P1 was a pattern composed of a plurality of circular rings arranged in a nested manner. Each of the second print patterns P2 was a solid circle. The radius of the ring constituting the outermost periphery of the first print pattern P1 and the radius of the circle constituting the second print pattern P2 were both 2.5 mm. The shortest distance between the patterns was 0.15 mm. That is, the feed pitch for the vertical and horizontal arrangement of each pattern was 2.65 mm. In addition, the number of circular rings included in each of the first print patterns P1 is seven.

  Here, the ratio L1 / L2 between the radial width L1 of each annular ring and the radial width L2 of the gap between the annular rings is such that the area ratio of the first print pattern P1 to the first region R1 is 95. %. Hereinafter, the printed matter thus obtained is referred to as “sample A”. In this case, the area ratio of the first portion to the first region R1 was 5%.

<Example 2: Production of sample B>
A printed matter was manufactured in the same manner as described for Sample A, except that the ratio L1 / L2 was determined so that the area ratio of the first print pattern P1 to the first region R1 was 90%. Hereinafter, this printed matter is referred to as “sample B”. In this case, the area ratio of the first portion to the first region R1 was 10%.

<Example 3: Production of sample C>
A printed matter was manufactured in the same manner as described for Sample A, except that the ratio L1 / L2 was determined so that the area ratio of the first print pattern P1 to the first region R1 was 85%. Hereinafter, this printed matter is referred to as “sample C”. In this case, the area ratio of the first part to the first region R1 was 15%.

<Example 4: Production of sample D>
A printed matter was manufactured in the same manner as described for Sample A, except that the ratio L1 / L2 was determined so that the area ratio of the first print pattern P1 to the first region R1 was 80%. Hereinafter, this printed matter is referred to as “sample D”. In this case, the area ratio of the first portion to the first region R1 was 20%.

<Example 5: Production of sample E>
A printed matter was manufactured in the same manner as described for Sample A, except that the ratio L1 / L2 was determined so that the area ratio of the first print pattern P1 to the first region R1 was 75%. Hereinafter, this printed matter is referred to as “sample E”. In this case, the area ratio of the first portion to the first region R1 was 25%.

<Example 6: Production of sample F>
A printed matter was manufactured in the same manner as described for Sample A, except that the ratio L1 / L2 was determined so that the area ratio of the first print pattern P1 to the first region R1 was 70%. Hereinafter, this printed matter is referred to as “sample F”. In this case, the area ratio of the first part to the first region R1 was 30%.

<Distinction between printed materials and copies>
First, the visibility of the information displayed by samples A to F was examined. Specifically, each of the samples A to F was observed by 20 subjects, and the ease of perception of the display of the letter “A” was evaluated.

  Next, each of Samples A to F was copied using a color copier. Then, for the copy corresponding to each sample, the difficulty in perceiving the display of the letter “A” was evaluated.

These results are shown in Table 1.

  As can be seen from Table 1, in Samples B to F, the display of the letter “A” was clearly perceived. On the other hand, in sample A, the density difference between the print patterns P1 and P2 is small, and both are recognized as dark patterns, and it is difficult to perceive the display.

  In addition, in the copies of Samples A to C, the display of the letter “A” cannot be clearly perceived. On the other hand, in the copies of samples D to F, the first copy pattern C1 corresponding to the first print pattern P1 is visually recognized as a bright pattern, and the second copy pattern C2 corresponding to the second print pattern P2 is visually recognized as a dark pattern. It was possible to perceive the display.

  As described above, in Samples B and C, the display of the character “A” could be eliminated by copying. That is, these samples were able to achieve an excellent anti-counterfeit effect.

  As can be seen from Table 1, the visibility of the display of the letter “A” is different in each of the samples A to F. From this, it can be seen that display with different brightness can be performed by changing the ratio L1 / L2 and the like. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture the printed matter 10 described with reference to FIG. 13 by using together print patterns having different ratios L1 / L2 and the like.

<Example 7: Production of sample G>
As another example of the printed material 10, the printed material 10 described with reference to FIG. 11 was manufactured. The printing patterns P1 and P2 have the same configuration as that described for the sample C. Each of the printing patterns P3 and P4 is composed of halftone dots. The print patterns P3 and P4 were formed so that the third print pattern P3 can display information of the letter “B” in the copy.

  The area ratio of halftone dots in the unit area was 15% for both patterns. The ratio S3 / S4 of the area S3 per dot of the halftone dots composing the third print pattern P3 to the area S4 per dot of the halftone dots constituting the fourth print pattern P4 is 5.14. did.

<Example 8: Production of sample H>
A printed matter was produced in the same manner as described for Sample G except that the area ratio of the halftone dots in the unit area was 18%. Hereinafter, this printed matter is referred to as “sample H”.

<Example 9: Production of sample I>
A printed matter was produced in the same manner as described for Sample G except that the area ratio of the halftone dots in the unit area was 20%. Hereinafter, this printed matter is referred to as “sample I”.

<Example 10: Production of sample J>
A printed matter was produced in the same manner as described for Sample G except that the area ratio of the halftone dots in the unit area was 25%. Hereinafter, this printed matter is referred to as “sample J”.

<Example 11: Production of sample K>
A printed matter was produced in the same manner as described for Sample G except that the area ratio of the halftone dots in the unit area was 30%. Hereinafter, this printed matter is referred to as “sample K”.

<Distinction between printed materials and copies>
First, the visibility of the printed pattern P3 in samples G to K was examined. Specifically, 20 subjects were allowed to observe each of samples G to K and evaluated whether the display of the letter “B” was perceptible.

  Next, each of samples G to K was copied using a color copier. Then, the ease of perception of the display of the letter “B” was evaluated for the copy corresponding to each sample.

These results are shown in Table 2.

  As can be seen from Table 2, in samples G through K, it was impossible or extremely difficult to perceive the display of the letter “B”. In particular, in samples G to I, it was more difficult to perceive the display of the letter “B” compared to samples J and K.

  In addition, in the copies of Samples G to K, the display of the letter “B” could be perceived. In particular, the copies of Samples G through I were much more clearly marked with the letter “B” compared to the copies of Samples J and K. That is, in these copies, the latent image constituted by the third print pattern P3 could be clearly visualized.

  As described above, in samples G to K, the latent image formed by the third print pattern P3 can be visualized by copying. That is, these samples were able to achieve an excellent anti-counterfeit effect.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view schematically showing a printed material according to one embodiment of the present invention. The enlarged plan view which shows roughly the modification of the printed matter shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view schematically showing a copy of the printed matter shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2. The enlarged plan view which shows schematically the printed matter which concerns on the other aspect of this invention. FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view schematically showing a copy of the printed matter shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view schematically showing a modification of the printed matter shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 7 is an enlarged plan view schematically showing a copy of the printed matter shown in FIG. 6. The top view which shows roughly an example of the printed matter obtained using the structure shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. The top view which shows roughly the copy of the printed matter shown in FIG. The top view which shows roughly the modification of the printed matter shown in FIG. The top view which expands and shows a part of printed matter shown in FIG. FIG. 12 is a plan view schematically showing a copy of the printed material shown in FIG. 11. The enlarged plan view which shows schematically the printed matter which concerns on the other aspect of this invention. FIG. 14 is an enlarged plan view schematically showing a copy of the printed matter shown in FIG. 13. The top view which shows roughly an example of the printed matter obtained using the structure shown in FIG. The top view which shows roughly the copy of the printed matter shown in FIG. The top view which shows roughly the modification of the printed matter shown in FIG. The top view which shows schematically the copy of the printed matter shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Printed material, 11 ... Printed material, 20 ... Copy material, 21 ... Blank medium, P1 ... 1st printing pattern, P2 ... 2nd printing pattern, G1 ... Gap, G2 ... Gap, R1 ... 1st area | region, R2 ... 1st 2 areas, C1... First copy pattern, C2... Second copy pattern, R3... Area, R3 ′... Area, R4.

Claims (14)

  A first printed pattern formed on the printed material and provided with a gap, wherein the first printed pattern among the gaps with respect to a first region composed of the first printed pattern and the gap. The area ratio of the first portion whose distance from the first region is 0.1 mm or less is 10% or more, and the area ratio of the first print pattern to the first region is in the range of 85% to 90%. Printed material.   The printed matter according to claim 1, further comprising a second printed pattern formed on the substrate to be printed and not provided with a gap.   A second print pattern formed on the substrate and provided with a gap is further provided, and an area ratio of the second print pattern to a second region including the second print pattern and the gap is the first print pattern. The first portion of the portion other than the second portion, which is larger than the area ratio of the first printed pattern to the region, and the distance from the second printed pattern is 0.1 mm or less in the gap of the second printed pattern. 2. The printed matter according to claim 1, wherein an area ratio with respect to the two regions is equal to or smaller than an area ratio with respect to the first region of a portion other than the first portion in the gap of the first print pattern.   The area occupied by the first print pattern and the first portion has the same area as the area occupied by the second print pattern or the second print pattern and the second portion. Printed matter described in 1.   When the plurality of first print patterns and the second print patterns are provided and observed with the naked eye, the array of the plurality of first print patterns or the array of the plurality of second print patterns displays at least a part of the information. The printed matter according to claim 2, wherein the printed matter is a printed matter.   The printing apparatus further comprises third and fourth printing patterns formed on the substrate, each including halftone dots or lines, and the third and fourth printing patterns are the halftone dots or lines that occupy a unit area. The area ratios of the lines are equal to each other and are within a range of 15% to 20%, and the size of the halftone dots is different or the line widths of the lines are different. The printed matter according to claim 1.   7. One of the third and fourth print patterns constitutes a latent image that displays at least a part of information in a copy of the printed material by an electrophotographic technique or an inkjet printing technique. The printed matter described.   A second print pattern formed on the substrate and having a gap is further provided, and an area ratio of the second print pattern to a second region occupied by the second print pattern and the gap is the first print pattern. Equal to the area ratio of the first print pattern to the area, and the gap of the second print pattern includes a portion where the shortest distance from the second print pattern exceeds 0.1 mm, and the gap among the gaps of the second print pattern The area ratio of the second portion having a distance from the second print pattern of 0.1 mm or less to the gap of the second print pattern is more than the area ratio of the first portion to the gap of the first print pattern. The printed matter according to claim 1, wherein the printed matter is small.   Each of the first and second print patterns includes a plurality of the first print pattern arrangements or the plurality of second print pattern arrangements in a copy of the printed matter by an electrophotographic technique or an inkjet printing technique. The printed matter according to claim 8, wherein the printed matter forms a latent image that displays at least part of the information.   The printing apparatus further comprises third and fourth printing patterns formed on the substrate, each including halftone dots or lines, and the third and fourth printing patterns are the halftone dots or lines that occupy a unit area. The area ratios of the lines are equal to each other and within a range of 15% to 20%, and the sizes of the halftone dots are different or the line widths or orientations of the lines are different. Printed matter described in 1.   11. One of the third and fourth printing patterns constitutes a latent image that displays at least a part of information in a copy of the printed material by an electrophotographic technique or an inkjet printing technique. The printed matter described.   The shape of the second print pattern or the shape of the second region occupied by the second print pattern and the gap between the shapes is equal to the shape of the first region. The printed matter described.   The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the first print pattern includes a plurality of sub-patterns arranged in a nested manner.   The printed matter according to claim 13, wherein each of the plurality of sub-patterns is a ring or a partially missing ring.

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