JP2010035334A - Controller and method for controlling power generation - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a controller and a method for controlling power generation, capable of avoiding mechanical breakage of a windmill and controlling suppression of battery performance degradation when a battery is fully charged, without degrading the value of the windmill as a monument. <P>SOLUTION: It is determined whether or not the battery is fully charged. When the full charging is determined, a generator is disconnected from the battery and connected with a power consumption apparatus. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generation control device and a power generation control method for accumulating power generated in a battery.

Conventionally, in a small wind power generator, the generated power is charged in a battery. However, if the state in which the power charged in the battery is not used continues, the battery is fully charged. Here, even if the battery is charged, the wind power generator continues to generate power. If the battery continues to be charged, the battery is overcharged and its performance deteriorates. Therefore, when the battery is fully charged, the performance of the battery can be prevented from being deteriorated by stopping the charging of the battery by controlling the rotation of the windmill not to be transmitted to the generator. Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for charging power to a battery using a wind power generator.
JP-A-52-57926

  However, when the rotation of the windmill is not transmitted to the generator in order to avoid the deterioration of the battery performance as described above, the rotation speed of the windmill increases according to the wind speed and exceeds the allowable rotation speed. There is a possibility of generating. Therefore, it is possible to stop the rotation of the windmill so that the generator stops generating power, but this time, the windmill does not rotate despite the wind blowing. There is a problem that the windmill's notion that “the windmill rotates” cannot be obtained, and the value of the windmill as a monument is reduced. That is, since it is a windmill, the windmill is required to rotate when the wind blows.

  Therefore, the present invention avoids mechanical damage to the windmill, and does not lower the value as a monument of the windmill, and can control the reduction of battery performance deterioration when the battery is fully charged. It is another object of the present invention to provide a power generation control method.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has determined that the storage means for storing the power from the generator, the full charge determination means for determining whether or not the storage means is fully charged, and the full charge. In this case, the power generation control device includes switching means for disconnecting the connection between the generator and the storage means and connecting the generator and the power consumption means.
According to the present invention, when the storage means stores the electric power from the generator, the full charge determination means determines whether the storage means is fully charged, and the switching means determines that the battery is fully charged, the generator And the storage means are disconnected, and the generator and the power consuming means are connected. As a result, since the power output from the generator is consumed by the power consuming means, overcharging at the time of full charging of the storage means can be avoided, and the performance deterioration of the battery can be reduced, Since the windmill continues to rotate, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the value of the windmill as a monument.

Further, the present invention provides storage means for storing electric power from a generator, full charge determination means for determining whether or not the storage means is fully charged, and when it is determined that the battery is fully charged, the storage means A power generation control apparatus comprising: a switching unit that connects a power consuming unit and causes the power consuming unit to consume the power stored in the storage unit.
According to the present invention, the storage means stores the electric power from the generator, and the full charge determination means determines whether the storage means is fully charged. And the power consumption means are connected, and the power stored in the storage means is consumed by the power consumption means. As a result, full charge of the storage means can be avoided, so overcharging of the storage means can be avoided, performance deterioration of the battery can be reduced, and the windmill continues to rotate. Decrease in value can be prevented.

Further, the present invention provides a wind turbine output value specifying means for specifying a wind turbine output value at which the maximum output of the generator is obtained based on the rotational speed of the wind turbine rotating shaft, a power loss value stored in advance, A power command value calculation unit that reads a power loss value that is lost from when the machine generates power to when it is stored in the storage unit, and calculates a power command value by subtracting the power loss value from the power value indicated by the wind turbine output value And charging adjustment means for adjusting the power charged by the charger in the storage means according to the power command value and the power value stored in the storage means.
According to the present invention, the wind turbine output value specifying means specifies the wind turbine output value from which the maximum output of the generator is obtained based on the rotational speed of the wind turbine rotating shaft, and the power command value calculating means uses the power loss value stored in advance. It reads the power loss value that is lost from when the generator of this device generates power until it is stored in the storage means, calculates the power command value by subtracting the power loss value from the power value indicated by the wind turbine output value, and charging The adjustment unit adjusts the power charged by the charger in the storage unit according to the power command value and the power value stored in the storage unit. As a result, it is possible to prevent the storage means from storing more power than the amount of power that can be stored in the storage means, thereby avoiding overcharging and reducing battery performance deterioration.

In the present invention, the storage means stores the power from the generator, the full charge determination means determines whether or not the storage means is fully charged, and the switching means determines that the battery is fully charged. Further, the power generation control method is characterized in that the connection between the generator and the storage means is disconnected and the generator and the power consumption means are connected.
According to the present invention, when the storage unit stores the electric power from the generator, the full charge determination unit determines whether the storage unit is fully charged, and the switching unit determines that the battery is fully charged, the generator And the storage means are disconnected, and the generator and the power consuming means are connected. As a result, since the power output from the generator is consumed by the power consuming means, overcharging at the time of full charging of the storage means can be avoided, and the performance deterioration of the battery can be reduced, Since the windmill continues to rotate, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the value of the windmill as a monument.

In the present invention, the storage unit stores the electric power from the generator, the full charge determination unit determines whether the storage unit is fully charged, and the switching unit determines the full charge. Further, the power storage control method is characterized in that the storage means and the power consumption means are connected, and the power stored in the storage means is consumed by the power consumption means.
According to the present invention, the storage means stores the electric power from the generator, and the full charge determination means determines whether the storage means is fully charged. And the power consumption means are connected, and the power stored in the storage means is consumed by the power consumption means. As a result, full charge of the storage means can be avoided, so overcharging of the storage means can be avoided, performance deterioration of the battery can be reduced, and the windmill continues to rotate. Decrease in value can be prevented.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while avoiding mechanical damage of a windmill, control of reduction of the performance deterioration of a battery when a battery is fully charged can be performed, without reducing the value as a monument of a windmill.

Hereinafter, a power generation control device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a first block diagram showing the configuration of the power generation control device.
In this figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a power generation control device. The power generation control device 1 controls the electric power generated by the generator 3 by the power of the rotating shaft that rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the windmill 2. The power generation control device 1 includes a rectifier 11, a charger 12, a battery 13, a discharger 14, a power consumer 15, a full charge manager 16, and a power regulator 17. .

  In the power generation control device 1, the rectifier 11 rectifies the current output from the generator 3, and the charger 12 accumulates electric power in the battery 13 by the current output from the rectifier 11. Further, the discharger 14 discharges the current output from the rectifier 11, and the power consumer 15 consumes power by the discharged current. Further, the full charge manager 16 determines whether or not the battery 13 is fully charged, and the power regulator 17 is a control for switching the output from the rectifier 11 from the charger 12 to the discharger 14 when the battery 13 is fully charged. I do.

  In such a power generation control device 1, first, when the windmill 2 rotates, a rotation sensor (not shown) measures the rotation speed (hereinafter referred to as “windmill rotation speed [rad / second or min])”. Then, the rotation sensor transmits the measured information to the power generation control device 1. As the wind turbine 2 rotates, a voltage is generated at the terminal of the generator 4 and a current is output to the power generation control device connected to the terminal. This current is rectified by the rectifier 11 of the power generation control device 1, sent to the charger 12, and the charger 12 charges the battery 13. At this time, the power adjuster 17 adjusts the amount of charge of the charger 12 to the battery 13.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a partial circuit configuration of the power generation control device.
The rectifier 11, the charger 12, and the battery 13 of the power generation control device 1 shown in FIG. 1 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 2. First, the current from the generator 3 is rectified by the rectifier 11. Then, the charger 12 charges the battery 13, but here the charger 12 adjusts the charge amount based on the charger operation amount output from the power regulator 17. That is, in this embodiment, the charging power is adjusted by a DC power source that rectifies the output of the generator 3 by controlling the switching element by PWM (Pulse Width Modulation). Here, the PWM control is a technique for converting electric power by repeating On / Off at a high frequency while controlling the On width of the switching element. In the present embodiment, the charging power is adjusted by increasing the On width when it is desired to increase the charging amount, and by decreasing the On width when decreasing the charging amount. The charger operation amount indicates the On width (PWM pulse width) of the switching element, and information indicating this instruction is output from the power regulator 17 to the charger 12. The configuration of the discharger 14 is the same as that of the charger 12, and it is determined whether or not the full charge manager 16 is fully charged in the battery 13. The output from the regulator 17 is switched from the charger 17 to the discharger 14. Accordingly, at this time, no current is output from the charger 12 to the battery.

FIG. 3 is a relationship diagram of the wind turbine output with respect to the wind turbine rotation speed.
FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the windmill rotation speed corresponding to the wind speed and the windmill output. The wind turbine output is approximately proportional to the cube of the wind speed. Utilizing this characteristic, the power generation control device 1 performs control so as to always obtain the maximum output from the wind turbine 2. In other words, the power generation control device 1 controls a desired power generation state by rotating the generator based on the windmill output and adjusting the output of the charger 12 or the discharger 14 based on the output of the charge regulator 14.

Next, processing of the power generation control device will be described.
First, the power adjuster 17 receives the input of the windmill rotation speed measured by the rotation sensor (step S101), and receives the input from the output characteristic data of the windmill output (Pw) corresponding to the windmill rotation speed stored in advance. A wind turbine output (Pw) corresponding to the received wind turbine rotation speed is specified or calculated (step S102). Here, the wind turbine output (Pw) specified in step S102 is a value at which the highest wind turbine output is obtained in FIG. That is, when the wind turbine rotation speed is received, the maximum output value corresponding to the value is specified from data or a table as shown in FIG. 3 or calculated by interpolation calculation. In addition, even if it is not the windmill rotation speed, a value such as the wind speed is obtained from the windmill, and the maximum output value of the windmill is read from the data stored in association with the maximum value of the windmill output corresponding to the wind speed value. You may calculate and specify by interpolation calculation.

  Then, the power regulator 17 includes a power loss due to mechanical factors such as the windmill 2 (hereinafter referred to as mechanical loss) and a power loss due to electrical factors of the charger 12 (hereinafter referred to as charger loss). Then, power loss (Ploss) is calculated by summing power loss due to copper loss and iron loss of the generator 3 (hereinafter referred to as “generator loss”) (step S103).

  Here, it is assumed that each power value of mechanical loss, charger loss, and generator loss is measured in advance and stored in the power regulator 17. Then, the power adjuster 17 subtracts the loss power (Ploss) calculated in step S103 from the maximum value (Pw) of the wind turbine output specified in step S102 (step S104), and calculates a power command value (Pb) ( Step S105). Further, the power regulator 17 calculates the amount of power that can be stored in the battery by subtracting the charging power already charged in the battery 13 from the power command value (Pb) (step S106). Then, the power adjuster 13 calculates a charger operation amount corresponding to the amount of power that can be stored in the battery 13 by the charge compensator, and outputs the charger operation amount (for example, PWM pulse width) to the charger 12 ( Step S107). The charging power of the battery 13 is obtained by detecting the battery voltage Vb and the battery charging current VI and calculating the product thereof. Then, the charger 12 performs PWM control with the PWM pulse width indicated by the charger operation amount, and charges the battery 13 (step S108).

  The electric power is gradually accumulated in the battery 13 by the operations in steps S101 to S108. Then, the full charge manager 16 always detects whether or not the battery 13 is fully charged (step S109). When the battery is fully charged, the full charge manager 16 switches the switch of the power regulator 17 connected to the charger 12 to the discharger 14 (step S110). At this time, the switch of the terminal for detecting the battery voltage Vb and the battery charging current VI is also switched to the terminal of the line between the discharger 14 and the power consumer 15. And the electric current which passed the rectifier 11 is sent to the electric power consumer 15 from the discharger 14, and electric power is consumed by the resistance in the electric power consumer 15 (step S111).

  As a result of the above operation, when the battery 13 is fully charged, power is consumed in the power consumer 15, so the battery is not overcharged, and consumption due to overcharging of the battery can be avoided. Moreover, since it can continue to rotate without stopping rotation of a windmill, it can be set as the power generation control apparatus of a windmill considered not to impair the value as a monument. Further, the power loss obtained by adding the mechanical loss, the charger loss, and the generator loss is calculated, and the power command value obtained by subtracting the power loss from the maximum value of the wind turbine output is calculated. The amount of power that can be stored in the battery is calculated by reducing the charged power that is being charged, and the charger 12 is operated using the charger operation amount corresponding to the amount of power. Therefore, the battery 13 is not charged more than necessary, and the deterioration rate of the battery 13 can be reduced.

FIG. 4 is a second block diagram showing the configuration of the power generation control device.
The power generation control device 1 may have a configuration shown in FIG. 4 in addition to the configuration shown in FIG. In the case of FIG. 4, the operations of the rectifier 11, the charger 12, and the power regulator 17 of the power generation control device 1 are the same as the operations described in the power generation control device 1 of FIG. 1. In the power generation control device 1 of FIG. 4, the discharger 14 of the power generation control device 1 of FIG. 1 is not provided, and the power consumer 15 is connected to consume the power stored in the battery 13. A switch is provided between the power consumer 15 and the battery. In such a power generation control device 1, the full charge manager 16 determines whether or not the battery 13 is fully charged by detecting the battery voltage Vb and the battery charge current VI, and the battery is fully charged. In the case where the power is consumed, the switch is turned on to cause the power consumer 15 to consume battery power. Here, it is assumed that the power consumption per unit time of the power consumer 15 is larger than the power consumption per unit time that the charger 12 accumulates in the battery 13.

  In addition, you may make it the above-mentioned power regulator 17 have a computer system inside. In this case, the process of the above-described charging regulator 14 is stored in a computer-readable recording medium in the form of a program, and the above-described processing is performed by the computer reading and executing this program. Here, the computer-readable recording medium means a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, a semiconductor memory, or the like. Alternatively, the computer program may be distributed to the computer via a communication line, and the computer that has received the distribution may execute the program.

  The program may be for realizing a part of the functions described above. Furthermore, what can implement | achieve the function mentioned above in combination with the program already recorded on the computer system, and what is called a difference file (difference program) may be sufficient.

It is a 1st block diagram which shows the structure of an electric power generation control apparatus. It is a figure which shows the partial circuit structure of an electric power generation control apparatus. It is a related figure of the windmill output with respect to a windmill rotational speed. It is a 2nd block diagram which shows the structure of an electric power generation control apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power generation control apparatus, 2 ... Windmill, 3 ... Generator, 11 ... Rectifier, 12 ... Charger, 13 ... Battery, 14 ... Discharger, 15 ...・ Power consumer, 16 ... Full charge manager, 17 ... Power regulator

Claims (5)

Storage means for storing power from the generator;
Full charge determination means for determining whether or not the storage means is fully charged;
When it is determined that the battery is fully charged, the connection between the generator and the storage unit is disconnected, and the switching unit that connects the generator and the power consumption unit;
A power generation control device comprising: Storage means for storing power from the generator;
Full charge determination means for determining whether or not the storage means is fully charged;
When it is determined that the battery is fully charged, the storage unit and the power consumption unit are connected, and the switching unit causes the power consumption unit to consume the power stored in the storage unit;
A power generation control device. A wind turbine output value specifying means for specifying a wind turbine output value at which the maximum output of the generator is obtained based on the rotational speed of the wind turbine rotating shaft;
The power loss value stored in advance and read from the power value indicated by the windmill output value by reading the power loss value that is lost from the time when the generator of the apparatus generates power to the time when the power is stored in the storage means. A power command value calculating means for calculating a power command value by subtracting;
Charge adjusting means for adjusting the power charged by the charger in the storage means according to the power command value and the power value stored in the storage means;
The power generation control device according to claim 1, further comprising: The storage means stores the power from the generator,
A full charge determining means determines whether or not the storage means is fully charged;
When the switching unit determines that the battery is fully charged, the generator and the storage unit are disconnected and the generator and the power consuming unit are connected. The storage means stores the power from the generator,
A full charge determining means determines whether or not the storage means is fully charged;
When the switching unit determines that the battery is fully charged, the storage unit and the power consumption unit are connected, and the power stored in the storage unit is consumed by the power consumption unit.

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