JP2010029133A - Combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase efficiency of reaping work by smoothly dividing long culms such as sunflower culms and guiding to a guiding transfer device. <P>SOLUTION: A pair of right and left guide covers 81, 81 are provided between right and left side-dividers 2, 2 and the right and left side parts of guiding transfer devices 3 etc., the front side parts of the right and left guide covers 81, 81 are formed as front grass division/guide portions 81a, 81a, protruded forward from the right and left side-dividers 2, 2, and the front grass-dividing position of the right and left side-dividers 2, 2 and the front grass-dividing positions of the front division/guide portions 81a, 81a are aligned on the same longitudinal straight line. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a combine that harvests and harvests crops of long stems such as sunflowers.

  In recent years, so-called biomass utilization technology that uses oil crops as a raw material to purify biodiesel fuel and produce pulp has attracted attention. Seeds such as sunflower are used as resource crops for the biomass.

Sunflowers and other plants have long stems and are tall. There exists a thing shown in patent document 1 as a general purpose combine which harvests such a plant.
JP 2007-252260 A

  The general-purpose combine of the background art is a mowing device, left and right weed pods provided on both sides of the mowing device, a plurality of guided conveyance devices extending forward and downward from the upper side of the mowing device, and in the vicinity of the rear of the mowing device. It is the structure provided with the scraping auger which rotates around the horizontal axis of the left-right direction, the conveyance conveyor apparatus extended toward the back from one side of the scratching auger, and the threshing apparatus provided in the back of the conveyance conveyor apparatus.

  Then, left and right guide covers are provided between the left and right weed baskets and the guide conveyance device, and the weed tip positions of the left and right guide covers protrude forward from the tip weed positions of the left and right weed baskets. Since the tip weed position is shifted left and right, the sunflower stalk is caught on the tip of the weeds of the left and right weeds that are located behind, and the sunflower florets are lost. was there. Therefore, the present invention is intended to solve such a problem.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention takes the following technical means.
That is, the invention described in claim 1 includes a reaping device (1), left and right weed pods (2, 2) provided on the left and right sides of the reaping device (1), and the reaping device (1) from above. A plurality of guided conveyance devices (3,...) Extending forward in a downwardly inclined manner, and a scraping auger provided at a rear portion of the reaping device (1) so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis (4) in the left-right direction. (5), a conveying conveyor device (6) extending rearward from the rear side of the biting auger (5), and a threshing device (10) provided at the rear of the conveying conveyor device (6). A left and right guide cover (81, 81) provided between the left and right weed folds (2, 2) and the left and right sides of the guide transport device (3, ...), A tip weed guide portion that projects the front side portion of the left and right guide covers (81, 81) forward from the left and right weed ridges (2, 2). 81a, 81a), a rear inclined guide surface portion (81b, 81b) is connected to the rear portion of the left and right tip weed guide portions (81a, 81a), and the rear inclined guide surface portion (81b, 81b) An inclined surface that is higher on both the left and right sides and lower on the inner side is formed, and the lower end of the inclined surface faces both the left and right sides of the guiding and conveying device (3,...). The combine is characterized in that the position and the tip weeding position of the left and right tip weed guides (81a, 81a) are arranged on the same straight line in the front-rear direction.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that a protective plate (85,...) Is provided so as to cover the lower part of the transport endless belt (3a to 3f) of the guide transport device (3,...). It shall be the combine as described.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the sunflower florets and the like that are weeded by the left and right tip weed guides (81a, 81a) of the left and right guide covers (81, 81) and the left and right weed buds (2, 2). Is guided down and inward along the inclined surface while being guided rearward on the left and right rear inclined guide surface portions (81b, 81b) of the left and right guide covers (81, 81). ...) is reliably transported backward while supporting the vicinity of the floret of the pedicle part, and cut by the reaping device (1) from the part close to the floret of the pedicle, thereby preventing a harvest loss. In addition, since the tip weeding positions of the left and right weed ridges (2, 2) and the tip weeding positions of the left and right tip weed guides (81a, 81a) are arranged on the same straight line in the front and rear direction, Therefore, it is possible to smoothly cause the flower buds and the like of the sunflower falling down to be guided to the left and right inner sides, and to efficiently perform the cutting work of the flower buds and the like.

  According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the stem to the transport endless belt (3a to 3f) of the guide transport device (8,...) Is provided by the protective plate (85,...). It is possible to prevent the trap from being caught and to perform the cutting operation smoothly.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
The combine of the present invention is produced mainly for harvesting sunflowers. As shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, this general-purpose combine for sunflowers is equipped with the threshing apparatus 10 which made the supply part 11 the front side on the chassis 9 equipped with the left-right pair of crawlers 8 and 8, The supply terminal 11 is configured to face the transfer end portion of the transfer conveyor device 6. The transfer conveyor device 6 is mounted in a conveyor chamber 17 and pivoted, the transfer end side faces the supply unit 11 of the handling chamber 18, and the transfer start end side faces the back of the front auger 5.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the threshing apparatus 10 has a handling chamber 18 in which a handling cylinder 19 is pivoted on the upper part by a handling cylinder shaft in the front-rear direction, and a selection receiving net 20 is stretched below the handling cylinder 19. A sorting chamber 21 is provided on the lower side.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pre-cutting processing device 7 is provided with a rear end portion of the collection table 30 connected to the conveyance start end side of the conveyor chamber 17 and extending to the front side. A take-up auger 5 pivoted on a horizontal shaft 4 that is horizontally oriented is provided. In the pre-cutting processing device 7, the cutting device 1 corresponding to the first cutting blade is provided at a position slightly away from the front high portion of the collection table 30. The flower part (seed part) of the sunflower upper part of the stalk that has been cut by the cutting device 1 is fed to the side of the auger 5 and supplied to the conveying start end side of the conveyor chamber 17 while being collected in the conveying process of the auger 5. It is configured. Then, the take-up auger 5 is provided with a take-up finger 31 at a portion corresponding to the front side of the transfer start end side of the transfer conveyor device 6 so as to scrape the floret backward. Reference numeral 66 denotes a scraping reel.

In addition, left and right weed pods 2, 2 are provided on the left and right side portions of the collection table 30 at portions corresponding to the left and right sides of the reaping device 1 so as to protrude forward.
Moreover, as shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, the guide conveyance apparatus 3 forms the pedicle channel | path 12, ... between the some conveyance endless belts 3a-3f made into the shape conveyed by an upper surface part, respectively, and back and forth It is arranged in the direction so that it can be conveyed backward while guiding a plurality of sunflower stems. As shown in the drawings, each of the transport endless belts 3a to 3f extends rearward from the upper side of the reaping device 1 to the front and lower endlessly through the lower side, and the front end portion is inclined downward to the front side. The sunflower flower part is placed on top and conveyed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the guiding and conveying device 3 includes a virtual center in which a conveyance endless belt 3 a located at the center of the left and right extends forward from a central portion of a pair of left and right crawlers 8 and 8 provided in the chassis 9. It arrange | positions so that it may arrange | position on a line (PP). And as shown in FIG. 1, the 2nd cutting device 13 is arrange | positioned on the said virtual centerline (PP) similarly to the conveyance endless belt | band | zone 3a of the left-right center position, and can ensure the left-right balance of a conveyor. Yes.

Next, a configuration for guiding the sunflower stalk to the guided conveyance device 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 3, and 4.
On the left and right sides of the harvesting device 1 in the collection table 30, left and right weed pods 2, 2 are provided so as to protrude forward, and between the left and right weed pods 2, 2 and the left and right side portions of the guide transport device 3. Left and right guide covers 81 are provided so as to cover the space portion. The front side portions of the left and right guide covers 81, 81 are configured as left and right tip weed guide portions 81a, 81a, and the tip weed position and the weed positions of the left and right weed cages 2, 2 are set in the front-rear direction. Positioned on the same straight line, the left and right tip weed guides 81a and 81a extend forward from the left and right weed rods 2 and 2, respectively.

  The left and right rear inclined guide surface portions 81b and 81b are connected to the rear sides of the left and right tip weed guide portions 81a and 81a, and the upper surface has inclined surfaces that are higher on the left and right sides and lower on the inner side, as shown in FIG. Forming. Left and right vertical guide surface portions 81c, 81c, which are aligned in the vertical direction in a front view, are connected to the inclined lower end portions of the left and right rear inclined guide surface portions 81b, 81b, thereby conveying endless belts 3e, 3f on the left and right sides of the guide conveyance device 3. It faces in the vicinity.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in the conventional apparatus, the tip weeding positions of the left and right weed cages 2 and 2 and the tip weeding positions of the left and right guide covers 81 and 81 are shifted to the left and right. Was caught on the right and left weed pods 2 and 2 and was pushed down, and the sunflower was lost.

  However, according to the above configuration, the tip weed positions of the left and right tip weed guides 81a and 81a and the tip weed positions of the left and right weed ridges 2 and 2 are aligned with each other. The sunflower flower buds can be caused reliably and smoothly.

  The sunflower florets caused by the left and right tip weed guides 81a and 81a and the left and right weed pods 2 and 2 are rearward on the left and right rear inclined guide surfaces 81b and 81b of the left and right guide covers 81 and 81. While guided, it flows down inward along the inclined surface, and the florets are reliably conveyed backward by the conveying endless belts 3e and 3f on both the left and right sides, and are cut by the reaping device 1 from the portion close to the florets. Therefore, the driving operation becomes easier, the harvest loss can be prevented, and the cutting performance can be improved.

Next, the guided conveyance device 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 3, and 6.
The guide transport device 3 is arranged in the front and rear direction so that a plurality of transport endless belts 3a to 3f form a pedicle passage 12 on the transport frame 3g,... It is freely supported. An arm 84a and a rod 84b that are refracted by a horizontal axis are provided below the carrier frame 3g,... Of the machine body frame, and a front end portion of the rod 84b supports a midway portion in the front-rear direction of the carrier frame 3g. ing. And the vertical adjustment means 83 is provided between the arm 84a and the rear side part of the conveyance frame 3g, and supports the conveyance frames 3g,.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the conventional apparatus has a configuration in which the transport frame 3g is simply supported so as to be pivotable up and down around the left and right axis with respect to the body frame. There was a problem that it bent and deformed or vibrated. However, according to the said structure, the rigidity of the conveyance frame 3g can improve, can reduce a vibration, and can convey the sunflower pedicle stably.

Next, the guided conveyance device 3 will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the guide transport device 3 wraps a plurality of transport endless belts 3a to 3f around a front end roller 3h,... And a rear end roller (not shown) around the transport frame 3g,. .. Are arranged in the front-rear direction so as to form the coral passages 12,..., Slats 3 i,... Are provided at predetermined intervals on the transport endless bands 3 a to 3 f, and sunflower florets are placed and transported backward. It is composed. A protective plate 85 is attached to the transport frames 3g,... So as to cover the bottom of the transport endless bands 3a to 3f.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the conventional apparatus has nothing below the transport endless belts 3a to 3f, and the portion rotating forward below the transport endless belts 3a to 3f is the non-working side. When the endless belts 3a to 3f hang down, there is a problem that a stem is hooked and brought into the front end roller 3h, resulting in clogging.

  However, according to the configuration, the protective plate 85 prevents the endless belts 3a to 3f from drooping, prevents the stems from being caught in the front end roller 3h by the endless belts 3a to 3f, and performs a smooth transport operation. In addition, the rigidity of the transport frame 3g can be increased.

  Further, a support plate 86 is attached to the lower front side of the transport frame 3g. The support plate 86 extends forward through the lower side of the protective plate 85, and rotates around the vertical axis at the front end of the support plate 86. Thus, the disc 87 is attached, and this disc 87 is disposed below the front end portions of the transport endless bands 3a to 3f.

According to the above configuration, the sunflower pedicles do not enter the transport endless belts 3a to 3f from the support portion of the disk 87 when the aircraft is moving backward, and the sunflower florets can be prevented from falling off.
Next, based on FIG.11 and FIG.12, the automatic cutting height control of the cutting pre-processing apparatus 7 in a general purpose combiner is demonstrated.

  In a general-purpose combine capable of controlling the cutting pretreatment device 7 to the left and right, left and right grounding sensors 91a and 91b and a central grounding sensor 91c are provided below the cutting pretreatment device 7, and the cutting pretreatment device 7 provides 3 畦 U,. It is configured to cut sunflowers. Then, the cutting height control is performed on the cutting pretreatment device 7 in parallel with the left and right ground so that the grounding of the left and right grounding sensors 91a and 91b has priority. When the ground contact of the center ground sensor 91c is detected during the height control in parallel with the left and right ground, the pre-cutting processing device 7 is changed to the cutting height control in the horizontal direction.

  As shown in FIG. 12, when the cutting height control is started, it is determined whether or not the automatic cutting height control condition is satisfied from the conditions such as the cutting / threshing clutch is engaged and the forward running is started at the work speed ( Step S1). When the automatic cutting height control condition is satisfied, it is determined whether the automatic cutting height switch is ON / OFF (step S2). When the automatic cutting height control is OFF, the automatic cutting height control is canceled (step S3). In the case of ON, it is determined whether or not the left and right ground sensors 91a and 91b are grounded (step S4).

  If it is ON, it is determined whether or not the center ground sensor 91c is grounded (step S5). If ON, the cutting pre-processing device 7 is subjected to cutting height control in a horizontal horizontal position (step S6), and if OFF, the cutting pre-processing device 7 is controlled to perform cutting height parallel to the ground right and left (step S6). Step S7).

  Further, it is determined whether or not the automatic cutting height control condition is satisfied (step S1), and when the automatic cutting height control condition is not satisfied, the lifting operation of the lifting lever is determined (step S8). If it is an ascending operation, the pre-cutting processing device 7 is raised to cancel the automatic cutting height control, and if it is a descending operation, the process proceeds to step S4. Further, it is determined whether or not the left and right ground sensors 91a and 91b are grounded (step S4). If they are not grounded, the process proceeds to step S6.

  In the cutting height control in which the pre-processing device 7 for three-row cutting is only left and right parallel to the ground, if the central cocoon is high, either the left or right cocoon becomes high cutting, and the uncut stalk There is a problem that becomes longer. However, according to the said structure, when the center ground sensor 91c detects a grounding state, the cutting pretreatment apparatus 7 is changed to the left and right horizontal control, so that the left and right stems can be reduced.

Next, another embodiment of automatic cutting height control of the pre-cutting processing device 7 in the general-purpose combiner will be described with reference to FIG.
In a general-purpose combine capable of controlling the triple-cutting type pre-cutting processing device 7 to the left and right, left and right grounding sensors 91a and 91b and a central grounding sensor 91c are provided below the pre-cutting processing device 7, and left and right of the pre-cutting processing device 7 The height from the center ground can be detected, and the left / right parallel control height and the left / right horizontal control height are calculated by a controller (not shown) from the detected heights of the three ground sensors 91a, 91b, 91c. The cutting pre-processing device 7 performs cutting height control by left / right parallel control or left / right horizontal control.

  As shown in FIG. 13, when the cutting height control is started, it is determined whether or not the cutting height automatic control condition is satisfied (step S11). When the automatic cutting height control condition is satisfied, it is determined whether the automatic cutting height switch is ON / OFF (step S12). When the automatic cutting height control is OFF, the automatic cutting height control is canceled (step S3). Return to step S11. When the cut height automatic switch is ON, the ground height is detected by the left and right ground sensors 91a and 91b (step S14), and the ground height is detected by the center ground sensor 91c (step S15). To enter.

  Next, the CPU calculates the lowest ground height of the ground contact sensors 91a and 91b and the lowest ground height of the center ground sensor 91c by a predetermined arithmetic expression (step S16). Next, when the left and right ground sensors 91a and 91b detect a height that is equal to or higher than the ground lower limit height, cutting height control is performed by parallel to the ground (step S17), and the center ground sensor 91c performs ground lower limit height. When the height is detected, the horizontal cutting height control is executed (step S18).

According to the above configuration, when the center ground sensor 91c detects the minimum ground contact height, the pre-cutting processing device 7 is changed to the left and right horizontal control, so that the left and right stems can be reduced.
Next, the combine crawler mud dropping device will be described with reference to FIG.

  Left and right brush arms 95, 95 are pivotally supported around the left and right axis 95a at the rear of the vehicle body, and a brush support shaft 96 is attached to the tip of the left and right brush arms 95, 95. The cylinders 97a and 97a of the left and right brushes 97 and 97 are fitted to the left and right sides of the brush support shaft 96 and fixed with pins. Further, a brake 98 is attached to the brush support shaft 96.

  When the left and right brush arms 95 and 95 are rotated downward, the left and right brushes 97 and 97 come into contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of the left and right crawlers 8 and 8, and the brake 98 is operated on the brush support shaft 96, while If 8 is made to run, the mud adhering to an outer peripheral surface can be dropped rapidly. Further, when the left and right brush arms 95, 95 are rotated upward, the left and right brushes 97, 97 can be stored in the upper retracted position.

  According to the above configuration, the mud of the crawler 8 can be removed in the vicinity of the entrance / exit of the field by moving the combine forward and backward when leaving the field, and the crawlers 8 and 8 can be easily cleaned. Further, the left and right brushes 97 can be exchanged from both the left and right sides of the machine body, and the exchange work is facilitated.

Next, the combine power saving configuration will be described with reference to FIG.
At the time of the combine work, the power generation of the alternator 101 is made zero to reduce the horsepower loss particularly during the turning and wet field work.

  As shown in FIG. 15, in an electric circuit provided with an alternator 101, a regulator 102 and a controller 103, the alternator 101 and the regulator 102 are connected via a connection circuit 104 connected to the controller 103. . On the input side of the controller 103, a clutch detection switch 103a for detecting the operation state of the mowing / threshing clutch lever is connected, and left and right steering detection switches 103b and 103c of a power steering lever for left and right steering are connected. Further, a rolling solenoid output circuit 103d for rolling control is connected to the output side, and a control signal is output to the rolling solenoid.

  The steering information of the left and right steering detection switches 103b and 103c based on the left and right steering operation of the power steering lever is, for example, 2 seconds in a state where the operation of the cutting and threshing clutch is input to the controller 103 by the cutting and threshing clutch on / off detection switch 103a. When the detection is continuously performed or when the rolling solenoid output circuit 103d outputs, for example, an excitation signal of the rolling solenoid 10 times or more in 5 seconds, the excitation current of the field coil 101a of the alternator 101 is cut and friction is generated. The loss is reduced.

  The power consumption of the electrical components increases due to the automation of the combine and the night work, and a loss of about 1 horsepower is generated in the alternator 101 at the maximum during the work. However, according to the said structure, the horsepower loss of the alternator 101 during the high load driving | running | working of a combine can be reduced, and a work can be advanced smoothly.

  In order to reduce the friction loss of the alternator 101 when the engine is started, when the belt tension clutch for driving the continuously variable transmission is inactive while the main transmission lever is in the neutral state, the field coil of the alternator 101 You may comprise so that the excitation current of 101a may be cut.

The whole top view of a combine. The whole side view of a combine. The cutting | disconnection front view of the cutting pre-processing apparatus (SS sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 1). The top view of a cutting pre-processing apparatus. The top view of the conventional cutting pretreatment apparatus. The side view of a guide conveyance apparatus. The side view of the conventional induction conveyance apparatus. The side view of a guide conveyance apparatus. The cutting front view of an induction conveyance apparatus. The side view of the conventional induction conveyance apparatus. The side view and top view of a cutting pretreatment apparatus. flowchart. flowchart. The side view of a combine rear side part, and a rear view. Control electrical circuit diagram.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mowing device 2 Weeding shears 3 Guide conveyance device 4 Staking auger 6 Conveying conveyor device 10 Threshing device 81 Guide cover 81a Tip weeding guide part 81b Rear inclined guide surface part

Claims (2)

  A reaping device (1), left and right weed pods (2, 2) provided on the left and right sides of the reaping device (1), and forwardly extending downward from above the reaping device (1). A plurality of guided conveying devices (3,...), A scraping auger (5) provided at a rear portion of the reaping device (1) around the horizontal axis (4) in the left-right direction, 5) A combine comprising a transport conveyor device (6) extending rearward from the rear side and a threshing device (10) provided at the rear of the transport conveyor device (6), Left and right guide covers (81, 81) are respectively provided between the right and left side portions of the weed folds (2, 2) and the guide conveyance device (3,...), And the left and right guide covers (81, 81). The front side portion of the left and right weed ridges (2, 2) is configured as a tip weed guide portion (81a, 81a) projecting forward, The rear inclined guide surface portions (81b, 81b) are connected to the rear portions of the left and right tip weed guide portions (81a, 81a), and the rear inclined guide surface portions (81b, 81b) are inclined such that the left and right sides are higher and the inner side is lower. Forming a plane so that the inclined lower end faces the left and right sides of the guiding and conveying device (3,...), The tip weed position of the left and right weed baskets (2, 2) and the left and right tip weed guide portions The combine characterized by arrange | positioning the front-end weeding position of (81a, 81a) on the same straight line of the front-back direction.   The combine according to claim 1, wherein a protective plate (85, ...) is provided so as to cover a lower portion of the transport endless belt (3a to 3f) of the guide transport device (3, ...).

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