JP2010026061A - Device for determining whistle blowing sound/inhaling sound, and whistle music test device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device for determining whether whistle is generated by blowing, or the whistle is generated by inhaling. <P>SOLUTION: The device includes: a determination section which determines that the whistle is the blowing sound, when a mean value P<SB>L</SB>of a logarithm power spectrum in a band of 50 to 200 HZ of whistle sound which is input to a microphone 2 is larger than a certain value P<SB>S</SB>, and it is the inhaling sound, when P<SB>L</SB>is P<SB>S</SB>or less; and a display section for displaying determination results based on the determination. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a device for verifying the accuracy of the whistle's music level, for example, the presence / absence of sound generation / absorption and the pitch of the whistle.

  Recently, whistling music, which mainly plays accompaniment and uses whistling like music, has been featured on television, radio, and newspapers, and there is a trend. There is also a whistle music class by whistle performers. However, there is currently no ability test for whistle music like the abacus or piano classroom. This may be due in part to the fact that non-profit instrument manufacturers do not actively propose whistling music tests because whistling music does not require instruments.

Conventionally, with respect to karaoke, a system for evaluating each person's singing ability by a score has been developed, and there is a karaoke apparatus provided with a singing ability evaluation function. For example, “Singing ability evaluation method and karaoke apparatus” according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-15388 is a singing ability for scoring only the singing voice part by determining whether the voice input from the microphone is accompaniment information or a human singing voice. It is an evaluation method and a karaoke apparatus.
The scoring processing unit incorporated in the karaoke apparatus includes an accompaniment / singing voice determination unit that determines whether the audio signal input from the microphone is a karaoke accompaniment or a human singing voice. The accompaniment / singing voice discriminating unit performs frequency analysis on the audio signal input from the microphone to calculate a spectrum, and when it is detected that the energy of the spectrum is concentrated in the high frequency band, It is determined to be “information”.

  When the singer sings, the “automatic performance device with singing ability scoring function” according to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-181407 is “at a distance from the microphone and the singer ’s mouth” at each predetermined time point. , And “the volume value of the melody data, which is a model of singing stored in advance”, and the magnitude of the “volume value of the melody data” and “the distance between the microphone and the singer's mouth” It is an automatic performance device provided with a singing ability scoring means capable of scoring a singer's singing ability by contrasting.

In addition to these, the karaoke apparatus employs a scoring system in which the singing power is displayed as a score when singing is completed. Therefore, you can know how much your singing ability is at. Similarly, it is convenient to know the level when playing music with a whistle, and it seems that the level of whistling music will improve overall.
“Singing ability evaluation method and karaoke apparatus” according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-15388, "Automatic performance device with singing ability scoring function" according to JP-A-5-181407

  Thus, there is currently no system for scoring whistle music. The problem to be solved by the present invention is this problem, and provides a whistle music tester capable of determining the degree of whistling music. Also provided is a device for determining whether or not whistling and sound absorption at the most rudimentary level occurs.

  When a whistle is used like a musical instrument and a song is played mainly with accompaniment as the back, it generally takes 3 to 5 minutes. Therefore, it is necessary not only to whistle and make a sound, but also to breathe and make a sound. Therefore, in the present invention, it is determined whether or not a whistling sound is produced when a breath is blown, and whether or not a whistling sound can be produced when a breath is taken. The distinction of whistling / absorbing sound is automatically input to the microphone and the result is displayed. Although the display method is not limited, for example, in each case, the lamp can be turned on for display.

By the way, it is determined whether or not a whistle is emitted based on the presence or absence of a signal input to the microphone. Then, the noise component is used by the exhalation to determine吹音or sound absorption, when the input signal exceeds the value P _S in the average value P _L in the logarithmic power in the band of 50～200H _Z position is a吹音, When the average value P _L is equal to or less than a certain value P _S , it is determined that sound is absorbed. Here, the a certain value P _S may be, for example, an average value of P _L of吹音and sound absorbing.

  Further, it is possible to determine whether or not the whistling sound has a predetermined pitch. The presentation sound is presented from the device, and it is judged whether or not the whistling sound of the same height can be blown. The pitch detection of the whistling sound is performed by obtaining the frequency corresponding to the peak of the logarithmic power spectrum. .

The whistling sound blowing / absorption determining apparatus according to the present invention can determine whether the whistling sound is generated as a blowing sound or as a sound absorption. In addition, it can also be determined whether or not blowing sound and sound absorption of a predetermined pitch are being produced. Accordingly, since the level of his whistle can be understood by using this device, the whistle music certification test system can be constructed by using this device in the whistle music class. Eventually, it seems to have the effect of spreading whistle music as widely as karaoke.
That is, as in the case of karaoke, the whistle music can be displayed as a score in comparison with the score.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an external appearance of a whistling sound / absorption determination apparatus. That is, it is a device for judging whether a whistle is generated when a breath is blown and whether a whistle is generated when a breath is taken. Two lamps 1a and 1b are provided on the front side. Yes. Therefore, when a whistle is sounded toward a microphone (not shown) at a predetermined position, it can be known whether the whistle is blown or the whistle is sucked. That is, the lamp 1a is turned on in the case of a whistle when blown, and the lamp 1b is turned on in the case of a whistle when sucked.

  Therefore, when the whistle is not generated, the lamps 1a and 1b are not turned on, so that the whistling sound and sound absorption can be immediately determined. 2A and 2B are specific block diagrams showing the whistling sound absorption / absorption determination device. FIG. 2A shows the configuration of an analog circuit, and FIG. 2B shows the configuration of a digital circuit. However, these block diagrams are merely one specific example, and the present invention is not limited to this.

  Therefore, if a whistle is sounded toward the microphone 2, the presence or absence of input is determined by detecting the vibration of the whistle sound. That is, it has a whistling sound presence / absence determination unit that determines the presence or absence of a whistling sound. The apparatus includes a bandpass filter, a filter that passes a predetermined frequency in the whistle sound, and has a determination unit that determines whether the whistle is blowing sound or absorbing sound.

By the way, a noise component due to exhalation is used for determination of blowing sound or sound absorption. Determines if it exceeds a threshold value P _S in the average value P _L in the logarithmic power in the band of 50～200H _Z of the input sound and吹音, the logarithmic power Conversely average P _L is the threshold P _S less than In the case, it is determined as sound absorption. Here, the P _S, for example has an average value of吹音and sound absorption P _L. Based on this determination, the lamps 1a and 1b of the determination device shown in FIG. 1 are turned on.

FIG. 2 (b) shows a block diagram of a sound generation / absorption determination apparatus constituted by a digital circuit. The whistle input to the microphone 2 passes through the low-pass filter and undergoes A / D conversion. Then, a frequency analysis by FFT (Fourier transform) to obtain the logarithmic power spectrum for each window of appropriate length, the threshold P _S which is the average value P _L in the logarithmic power in the band of 50～200H _Z of the input sound If you exceed determined to吹音, the following cases than the threshold P _S which is the average value P _L in the logarithmic power conversely determines that sound absorption. Based on this determination, the lamps 1a and 1b of the determination device shown in FIG. 1 are turned on.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram provided with a pitch determination function in the sound generation / absorption determination apparatus of FIG. 2 (b). By the way, the pitch extraction of the whistling sound is performed by obtaining the frequency corresponding to the peak of the logarithmic power spectrum. That is, it is performed by a method in which a whistle is blown with a sound having the same height as the sound (presentation sound) presented from the sound generation / absorption device.

  The whistle is often played with a sound that is one octave above the actual sound. Therefore, the whistle is compared with the sound of the same pitch as presented, or with a sound one octave higher than the presented sound, and the pitch judgment matches the presented sound. If so, a message to that effect is displayed. For example, in the apparatus of FIG. 1, a pitch determination lamp can be provided separately and the pitch determination lamp can be lit.

  FIG. 4 is a block diagram when bone conduction sound is used for pitch determination. Bone-conducted sound is the sound that is actually produced, and is somewhat different from the whistling sound that you hear directly, which can generally be recorded and heard later. The sound heard by the whistling himself is a sound in which air conduction sound and bone conduction sound are mixed, and more accurate pitch determination can be performed by using bone conduction sound.

That is, whistling or吹音or sound absorption is determined using a logarithmic power spectrum in the band of 50～200H _Z is input to the microphone as described in FIG 2. That is, when the average value P _L of the logarithmic power spectrum exceeds a certain value P _S , the sound is judged as blowing sound, and when P _L is equal to or smaller than P _S , the sound absorption is judged. Then, only the pitch without noise can be accurately captured by the pickup microphone 3, and unlike the microphone 2, accompaniment and ambient noise do not enter the bone conduction sound in this case.

  FIG. 5 shows a specific method for recording a bone conduction sound. A vibration sensor is used for the forehead, and the vibration sound of the pickup microphone 3 equipped with the vibration sensor is passed through a low-pass filter and is converted into an A / D converter. Done. Further, frequency analysis is performed by FFT (Fourier transform), and a logarithmic power spectrum is obtained for each window having an appropriate length. Then, the determination can be made by blowing a whistle with a sound having the same height as the sound (presentation sound) presented from the sound generation / absorption determination device.

  Furthermore, whistling and sound absorption of a whistle can be determined using a personal computer, and FIG. 6 shows a specific example. Here, the Hamming window in the figure cuts out data when performing FFT (Fourier transform). In other words, the whistling frequency waveform is cut out in a predetermined area and used, so that side lobes (high frequency components that are not actually included due to discontinuities cut out by windows) do not occur much. To do. Then, whistling waveform analysis is performed by Fourier transform (FFT).

By the way, the values of P _L and P _S are compared based on the frequency thus Fourier-transformed as in the above embodiment. Its whistling in the case of P _L> P _S is the吹音, its whistling in the opposite case the P _{L <P S} is determined that the sound-absorbing, its effect on the PC screen is displayed.

  FIG. 7 shows a method for determining whether the whistle pitch is acceptable or not using a personal computer. First, a presentation sound is presented from a personal computer, and when this sound is heard, a whistle having the same pitch or an octave higher is produced. This whistle sound is input to a personal computer, and the whistle waveform is subjected to a Fourier transform frequency to obtain a frequency corresponding to the peak of the logarithmic power spectrum, which is used as a detected pitch frequency. That is, the maximum value is detected as shown in FIG.

  By the way, when the detected maximum value is compared with the presentation sound and this error is in the range of −2% to + 2%, it is displayed as OK, and is in the case of exceeding the range of −2% to + 2%. If it is -5% to -2%, it is displayed as low, and if it is + 2% to + 5%, it is displayed as high. However, if there is an error exceeding ± 5%, BAD (failure) is displayed.

  On the other hand, it is also possible to input one piece of music into a personal computer, blow a whistle along with this music, and determine whether or not the whistle sound matches the pitch of the music. In this case, when the whole song is captured in total and judged whether it is acceptable or not (for example,...), Or when individual whistle sounds deviate from the pitch of the song, an X is displayed each time. You can also

1 is an external view of a whistling sound / absorption determination device according to the present invention. The block diagram which discriminate | determines the sound and sound absorption of a whistle. The block diagram which performs the pitch determination of a whistle. Block part for pitch judgment using whistling bone conduction sound. Specific example for detecting bone whistling sound. The block diagram which judges the whistling sound and sound absorption of a whistle with a personal computer. The block diagram which performs the pitch judgment (pitch judgment) of a whistle with a personal computer.

Explanation of symbols

1 Lamp 2 Microphone 3 Pickup microphone

Claims (4)

An apparatus for determining whether whistling occurs by whistling occurs or, and sucks it in blowing, the average value P _L of the logarithmic power spectrum in the band of 50～200H _Z whistling sound entered into the microphone It is characterized by having a determination unit that makes a sound when a certain value P _S is exceeded and makes a sound absorption when P _L is equal to or less than P _S , and has a display unit that displays based on this determination. Whistling sound / absorption judgment device. Or whistling predetermined pitch is produced by blowing, and the whistle of a predetermined pitch by sucking an apparatus for determining whether to generate, in the band of 50～200H _Z whistling sound entered into the microphone A logarithmic power spectrum average value P _L has a determination unit that makes a sound when a certain value P _S exceeds a value P _S , and a sound absorption when P _L is equal to or less than P _S, and a display unit that displays based on this determination A whistle music tester further comprising: a determination unit for determining a predetermined pitch presented by the device, a pitch one octave higher than the pitch, and a whistle pitch; and a determination display unit for the determination unit. The whistle music tester according to claim 2, wherein a pick-up microphone is attached to the head, and a pitch is determined using a bone conduction sound from the pick-up microphone. A device for performing whistle music based on a predetermined score and determining whether or not the whistle music at this time matches the pitch of the score, compared with the pitch or score of the music presented from the device 4. The whistle music test device according to claim 2, wherein the whistle sound pitch is determined and the score of the entire music is displayed.

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