JP2010012760A - Artificial drying method of wood using no heat energy and discharging no co2 - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wood drying technique discharging no CO<SB>2</SB>and not destructing cells because no heat energy is used and reducing the water content of raw wood to about 40% in a mountain during one-two months. <P>SOLUTION: In contrast to that wood has a water transport system for absorbing water from roots and transpiring water from leaves, a deliquescent chemical agent is used in place of a transpiration system of leaves to dry wood on the falling spot of wood while transporting water present in the ducts or tracheids of wood. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention has a water transport system in which trees absorb water from the roots and evaporate water from the leaves, whereas a deliquescent agent is used in place of the leaf transpiration system, and the tree canal or temporary path The present invention relates to artificial drying of timber that realizes drying of trees at a tree cutting site while moving water present in a pipe.

  The present invention relates to artificial drying of wood that achieves zero CO2 emission because no fossil fuel is used.

  In the present invention, since water in cells is moved only by application of biotechnology without using thermal energy, the cells are not destroyed, and drying without shrinkage, cracking, cracking, or discoloration after processing is realized. It relates to artificial drying of wood.

  In the conventional wood drying technology, as a method of preventing the destruction of the cells, the natural drying method is to dry slowly over time by stacking or leaning on the plate outdoors or indoors, standing as it is for a certain period after felling Leave in the forest, the leaves and leaves turn yellow, and then dry until they die red. Furthermore, the temperature is set to 35-40 ° C while applying a small amount of power by applying the water transfer function of the cell membrane. Then, there is a “wood dryer using the cell membrane water transfer function” that dries trees in 3 to 5 days.

  Regarding artificial drying, high-temperature drying, steam high-temperature drying, high-frequency (microwave) drying, vacuum drying under reduced pressure, etc. are methods for moving water through cell walls and cell gaps that have been destroyed by significantly destroying cell walls and cells. is there.

  The most popular drying technology in Japan is a steam high-temperature dryer. Although the shrinkage is remarkable, cracks and cracks are difficult to occur, but because a large amount of heavy oil or kerosene is used, the thermal energy cost is 400,000 to 1,000,000 yen per month, the running cost is extremely high, and CO2 Emissions are also significant. In addition, the cells in the material are destroyed and damaged due to high temperature heating, and at the same time the function of lignin that promotes immunity is reduced, so that long-term storage and durability of the material is difficult.

  A short time drying technique is a vacuum vacuum dryer. The capital investment for purchasing a series of equipment is 50 million yen or more, and some are over 100 million yen, so it is difficult for ordinary lumber companies to purchase. Furthermore, since the physical decompression is physically performed, all the cells in the material are severely destroyed and the strength is lost, so that the material is difficult to be stored for a long time and durability.

  Natural drying and leaf-drying have the great advantage that they do not destroy cells and do not incur drying costs, but the former requires 4 to 6 months to reduce the moisture content to 40% to 50%, and the latter Since 3 to 4 months are required to reduce the water content to 80%, the productivity is remarkably lowered in any case. Therefore, the development of a drying technique that improves the productivity by shortening the moisture content to 40% to 50% without shortening the cells for 1 to 2 months is a first problem.

  The decrease in moisture content with the dry days after leaf cutting varies depending on the timing of cutting, and the rate of reduction for summer cuts in July and August is greater than that for fall and winter cuts in September and November. For July and August logging, the minimum moisture content reaches about 80% in about 2 months, but it is estimated that September and October logging requires 3 months, and logging after November requires approximately 4 months Is done. (Exhibitor: Tokushima Prefecture Wood Cooperative Federation, March 1992)

  When squares are dried by natural drying, shrinkage, cracks and cracks are remarkably generated. Although the cells are not destroyed, the commercial value is reduced. The second issue is the development of a drying technique in which the square bar does not destroy cells and does not cause shrinkage, cracking or cracks.

  Timber immediately after logging is extremely heavy because it contains a large amount of moisture, and it is not easy to collect and transport. There is an overhead wire gathering method that pulls the felled tree with a gathering machine that stretches the overhead line. The logs are transported to the material market by loading them on a truck. If the weight of the raw wood can be reduced to about half at the felling site, it will make the collection work easier and the transportation cost will be significantly reduced. Thinned wood is often left in the mountains because of its high transportation cost even if it is cut, and the fixed CO2 is diffused again into the air. The third challenge is to develop a technology that can reduce the weight to about half in one to two months at the logging site in order to facilitate transportation, reduce costs, and prevent the thinned wood from being left in the mountains. It is.

  The decrease in the weight of the cedar with the dry days after the felling of the trees after the felling is similar to the decrease in the moisture content with the dry days with the dry leaves, but the weight is reduced, but there is a difference depending on the cutting time. In July-September logging, it decreases to about 70% of the raw material weight in about 2 months, but it is estimated that more than 5 months are required in logging after November. (Exhibitor: Tokushima Prefecture Wood Cooperative Federation, March 1992)

  After logging, without changing the water flow function of the tree as it is, free water in the canal or temporary canal is used in the direction from the origin to the end by using the strong moisture absorption of the deliquescent agent. The first problem has been solved by allowing the moisture content to be reduced to 40% to 50% in one to two months by discharging from the end while moving.

  If the free water is evenly discharged to 40% -50% throughout the cell of the wood while moving the free water to the end with the bark of the felled tree attached, the tensile stress in the wood Is significantly reduced throughout the material. In particular, since the water of the sapwood, which is a part with a large amount of water, moves and is discharged from the end, even if the bark is removed at the lumber mill, the log does not shrink, crack or crack. Even if this log is further ground into a pillar material or a flat cut material, shrinkage, cracking and cracking will not occur. That is, the amount of water in the sapwood part and the amount of water in the heart part are almost the same, so that the moisture balance in the whole cell becomes uniform, so that the tensile stress is lost and the cause of cracking is eliminated. Furthermore, by putting it in a “wood dryer that uses the water transfer function of the cell membrane” and performing final drying at a low temperature of 40 ° C., the cells can be destroyed without shrinking, cracking, cracking and cracking. It was possible to make a log, a pillar material or a flat splitting material having a moisture content of 15% or less, which solved the second problem.

  Trees whose moisture content has been reduced to 40% to 50% by draining free water from the end due to the strong moisture absorption of the deliquescent agent at the felling site is about half the weight immediately after logging. The third problem has been solved by facilitating transportation and reducing costs.

  Since deliquescent drugs are used in the natural environment, they must be environmentally-friendly drugs. For this purpose, sodium acetate or calcium chloride is suitable, but the following chemicals may be mixed in order to increase hygroscopicity. They are calcium oxide, calcium bromide, calcium carbonate, metal calcium, calcium titanate, magnesium chloride, magnesium oxide, magnesium bromide, magnesium carbonate, strontium oxide, lanthanum oxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride, sodium bromide, Anhydrous sodium sulfate, phosphorus pentoxide, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, lithium bromide, lithium chloride, metal lithium, lithium borate, lithium fluoride, lithium acetate, lithium silicate, hypochlorite Lithium acid, normal butyl lithium, secondary butyl lithium, strontium chloride, strontium hydride, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum hydride, aluminum chloride, potassium sulfate Minium, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium chloride, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfide, ammonium chloride, guanidine sulfamate, guanidine phosphate, cobalt chloride, glycerin, Examples include sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, urea, zinc chloride, iron chloride, iron sulfate, copper sulfate, palladium chloride, barium chloride, barium oxide, and ribose.

  The drying test of the present invention was carried out on cedar and cypress in the forest area of Marumori-machi, Igi-gun, Miyagi, during the two months from spring to summer.

    Drying leaves dry leaves the transpiration function of the leaves even after harvesting to promote the flow of water, but cedar and cypress leaves have no transpiration or photosynthetic function one month after harvesting. . Therefore, in the first month, the moisture content 180% is reduced to 130% and 150% to 100%. However, the water content does not decrease after that because transpiration stops. When the flow of water is promoted by the deliquescent drug of the present invention, the water moves by being pulled by the deliquescent drug regardless of the transpiration function of the leaves after 2 months or 3 months.

In Table 2, in the case of cedar and cypress, a water content of about 40% was achieved after two months. If the moisture content at the time of cutting is 60% to 90%, 40% can be achieved after one month.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

  Drop the tip of the tree to the valley when logging. If the wood is chopped, lie with the end facing the valley. In order to prevent insects from sticking, sleepers should be placed at the front and end to prevent contact with the ground. Use a chain saw at the end to make a cut for attaching the drug. The location of the cut is 10cm from the end. The width of the cut is 5cm. Cut the cut from both sides to the core part with a chisel. If the cuts on both sides are alternately separated by 5 cm, the cuts may be stable. Next, put the deliquescent drug into the cut surface. Before that, while holding a headband with hard plastic at the cut end, press the cut ends on both sides to prevent the drug from falling on the ground. The drug uses sodium acetate or calcium chloride. You may mix and use both chemical | medical agents. However, when considering the environment, it is appropriate to use sodium acetate. Finally, close the cuts on both sides with hard plastic and plug them with nails, and then cover the end and the front with vinyl to prevent rain and dew from entering. As a result, water begins to move from the original entrance to the end, and the water accumulated at the end site flows to the ground.

  The present invention enables high-quality drying without shrinkage, cracking and cracking to occur in about 1 to 2 months to achieve a moisture content of about 40%, compared to natural drying and leaf dry drying. For leaf dryers, the possibility of use is great because the drying costs are extremely low.

  In the Japanese lumber industry, there are many companies that are difficult to own expensive dryers. Of the 8,000 lumber companies, about 20% own a dryer. In other words, 80% lumbering companies have to be reluctant to dry for a long time, or to dry withered leaves, which only have a moisture content of 70% to 80%. If there is a drying technique that reduces the moisture content to 40% in 1 to 2 months and does not cost much, the energetic lumber industry can be greatly expected.

Claims (5)

    A method for artificially drying wood, characterized by zero CO2 emissions without using thermal energy.     Instead of transpiration of water from the leaves of trees at the logging site, water is promoted using a deliquescent agent to dry the trees to a moisture content of 40% to 50% in 1 to 2 months. An artificial drying method for wood.     3. The method for artificial drying of wood according to claim 2, wherein water is moved from the main mouth to the tail end and discharged outside by attaching it to the end portion of the tree from which the deliquescent agent is cut.     4. The method for artificial drying of wood according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the deliquescent agent is mixed with one or both of sodium acetate and calcium chloride.     4. The deliquescent agent according to claim 2, wherein the deliquescent agent is calcium chloride, calcium oxide, calcium bromide, calcium carbonate, metal calcium, calcium titanate, magnesium chloride, magnesium oxide, magnesium bromide, magnesium carbonate, strontium oxide, lanthanum oxide , Sodium acetate, sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride, sodium bromide, anhydrous sodium sulfate, phosphorus pentoxide, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, lithium bromide, lithium chloride, metallic lithium, boric acid Lithium, lithium fluoride, lithium acetate, lithium silicate, lithium hypochlorite, normal butyl lithium, secondary butyl lithium, strontium chloride, strontium hydride, aluminum hydroxide Aluminum, aluminum hydride, aluminum chloride, potassium aluminum sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium chloride, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfide, ammonium chloride, sulfamic acid Guanidine, guanidine phosphate, cobalt chloride, glycerin, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, urea, zinc chloride, iron chloride, iron sulfate, copper sulfate, palladium chloride, barium chloride, barium oxide, ribose, or a mixture of two or more A method for artificially drying wood, characterized by: