JP2010005516A - Penetration type purification method for soil, river, and polluted water - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a natural circulation function-based purification method of making use of polluted soil, sludge and polluted water which utilizes the two natural circulation laws including ground surface circulation performed by light and water which allow organic substances to be decomposed by microbes and to be absorbed by plants and long-term substance stabilization in a deep underground at high temperature and high pressure. <P>SOLUTION: The method of purifying contaminated soil, sludge, and polluted water by use of the natural circulation laws comprises permeating water by a water penetration pipe and using a high-pressure water injection pipe for permeation of water into a high-pressure deep layer underground because both use water as media. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to an environmental technology for purifying by utilizing a natural circulation function of contaminated soil, sludge, and polluted water for the preservation of the global environment.

  Conventional purification methods for environmental pollutants are generally positive physical purification methods. The disadvantage is that it requires a lot of resources and energy to improve the environment and its implementation cost is huge. These have recently begun to attract attention that the means of applying the laws of natural circulation are optimal for maintaining the global environment, but there is no implementation technique and there has been no method other than physical in the past.

  Considering the cycle of soil contamination of environmental pollutants and natural circulation purification of sludge in rivers and lakes, surface circulation with light and water that decomposes organic matter into microorganisms and absorbs them into plants, and long-term deep layers at high temperature and high pressure There are two laws of material stabilization by underground. Since all use water as a medium, it is important to develop a permeation pipe and a high-pressure deep underground water injection pipe, which are means for obtaining water penetration, which is the basis of these technologies.

  The present invention has succeeded in developing a technology for purifying contaminated soil, sludge, and contaminated water using the law of natural circulation. The basic technology consists of organic polluted soil with microbial degradation and plant absorption by permeated water, non-degraded material washed with permeated water and injecting the pollutant into the deep underground. Since it is similar to “residual oil recovery technology”, technology development applying oilfield technology was implemented.

The achievements of the present invention include the microbial degradation of organic matter and the plant absorption purification method, which are short-term circulation laws of the natural circulation law, and other long-term (10,000 to 1,000,000 years) circulation of harmful chemical substances in the deep underground. It is a method that enables decomposition (mineralization) and the like. As a result, it was found that significant cost reduction and secondary pollution treatment problems can be resolved compared to conventional means such as active decomposition on the ground.

  The permeation purification method for contaminated soil, sludge, and polluted water according to the present invention relating to environmental conservation and the permeation pipe and high-pressure water injection pipe used will be described. Environmental pollution is separated into gas, liquid, and solid, but liquid and solid (water and soil) can take common purification measures if the movement of pollutants is considered. Since many substances on the earth can use water as a medium, we will consider treatment methods based on water. Consider cases with high social awareness of rivers, lakes and soils. Examples of pollution of rivers mainly due to organic matter due to incomplete sewage treatment in China, and when the discharge destination is lakes, etc. There are underground pollution due to accumulated pesticides and underground pollution due to waste chemicals from chemical factories.

  It is well known that the method of eliminating the pollution source is the most effective for eliminating these pollutions, but it takes a historical time to naturally decompose the already accumulated contaminants. On the other hand, it is also well known that there are also plant and microorganism deposits due to nature. The present invention has devised an artificial system that can protect the global environment using a natural purification function. The basis of this system consists of the purification of natural circulation (one year cycle) and the long-term decomposition of non-circulating / excess environmental substances in the deep underground (one million year decomposition).

Details of the law for natural circulation purification of organic matter by microorganisms and plants are shown below.

Figure 1 shows the addition of aerobic water to the sedimentary layer where organic sludge is accumulated to release plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and carbon dioxide by the decomposition of sludge by microorganisms. A model that promotes the natural circulation purification law by promoting plant growth by the action of chlorophyll. The efficiency of natural purification has been proven by many researchers that the collaboration effect with plants is the most efficient, and a structure that can improve efficiency is important. The sludge material that accumulates on the lake bottom in nature cannot be decomposed by microorganisms and the bottom of the lake is in anoxic state. Contaminated rivers indicate this condition. In addition, the pollution of the lake is caused by the decomposition of sludge by microorganisms, and the abnormal occurrence of water fish in the water is caused by excessive nutrients in the water. In other words, it can be said that collaboration with above-ground plants is indispensable for efficient natural circulation purification. For this collaboration, the separation method of sewage and sludge by the permeable wall shown in the right figure of FIG. 1 is effective.

In a short period of time, sludge and sewage can be pumped up and moved to the isolation part of the permeable wall, and sludge compression and purified water / purified lake bottom can be generated. By passing the active aerobic water through the deposited sludge (the purification is completed in a short time), the microorganisms are activated and the decomposed nutrients are absorbed by the upper plant. The change in the water level of purified water (starting the purification of natural circulation) enters the sludge and the action of microorganisms adhering to the permeable wall is also added, purifying the sludge and purifying the lake water. If the permeable wall is a tubular structure, a strong wall surface can be obtained. In addition, if necessary, activated carbon or the like is placed inside the tube, which leads to initial purification of sewage and activation of microorganisms. As sludge decomposition progresses, additional sludge can be deposited on top. In addition, the sludge draws a river that is aerobic water from the top, and induces further effects. From the above, the collaborative natural circulation purification method using microorganisms and plants of artificial organic matter can provide an artificial structure that can accumulate sludge with a permeation pipe, purify it during accumulation, and decompose sludge over time.

The implementation of the lake sludge purification method (construction of a permeable purification island) by the permeable method is shown below.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the purification island of the lake by the permeability method. The basic structure is an outline diagram of the construction of an artificial purification island using a water permeable pipe employing the artificial structure of FIG. The feature is that sludge and sewage can be accumulated. There is no need to move to another location. The construction period is short, and after the sludge treatment, real estate value as an artificial island is created. Applicable to large lakes. It is especially effective for shallow lakes and has a large carbon dioxide absorption effect by afforestation, making it highly practical. It is effective to provide a plant on a floating surface layer made of glass fibers and foamed plastic beads on the surface of the artificial island. This is because the roots of plants need sufficient fixation, and the float function comes to the decomposition and settlement of sludge. On the artificial island, river water, which is also aerobic water, can be pumped and sewage can be constantly sprayed. That is, a sewage treatment effect can be expected. The size of the artificial island should be about 10 to 100 meters. On the artificial island, oxygen supply to sludge by pneumatic pumps with windmills is also effective.

The following shows the water-permeable cleaning of the chemical decomposition and injection into the deep underground.

For chemical substances that cannot be circulated and purified by microorganisms and plants, wash the soil using a water-permeable cleaning method. In this method, a surfactant, an oxidizing flocculant, and other adhesives for cleaning effective pollutant chemical substances are used in combination. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of injection of washing water into the underground contaminated soil, discharge of the extracted chemical substance through the permeation pipe, and injection of the pollutant into the deep underground. Soil cleanup is basically possible because potential chemicals can be considered water-soluble. For cleaning, inject a substance effective for the specified pollutant and perform cleaning by infiltration. There are two types of cleaning, vertical drainage and horizontal drainage, both of which are used depending on the purpose. For supplementation of organic gas contained in the ground, a sheet is attached to the ground surface and collected for the required period. Remove the solid content of the collected chemicals, mix the chemicals necessary for stabilization in the deep underground, and inject high pressure. The depth of the deep underground selected will depend on the area, but below the stable ground. In general, 700 meters or less (American example) seems appropriate. These methods of underground pollution by infiltration and deep underground injection have the following characteristics.

Natural circulation purification is not performed in the surface environment. Stabilize over a long time under high temperature and high pressure conditions underground. Because it does not involve conventional excavation, movement and treatment of physical soil, it does not cause secondary pollution. Construction is not overwhelming and no waste is generated. Above all, the construction cost is low. The construction period can be shortened, but another construction work can be used during cleaning. It can also be cleaned and purified without damaging existing buildings. From the above, this permeable permeation cleaning method can be said to be an underground purification method with great merit.

The extracted chemical substance is injected below the stabilized ground by a corrosion-resistant high-pressure tube as shown in FIG. Generally, a maximum of 2300 meters or less is expected. In the Kanto region, 1500 to 2000 meters is considered appropriate, but it is determined by a detailed geological survey. Extracted chemicals are collected in a surface tank, mixed with stabilizing materials, solid materials are removed and injected with a high pressure pump (10 to 15 megapascals). The chemicals injected into the deep underground are reserved for about 1 million years. In other words, it means the return of surplus material to the underground environment opposite to the production of oil from which fossil fuel is extracted. Underground injection uses carbon dioxide, nuclear material, deleterious substances, etc., and its depth is determined by geological survey. The characteristics of this chemical injection method into the deep underground are as follows.

Waste can be treated (stabilized) in the deep underground below about 700 meters. Oilfield technology can be applied as necessary technology. Preventing the diffusion of contaminants can be done easily by using groundwater pressure. Many achievements can be utilized, such as no impact on the oil injection technology and the environment of water injection. Washing water such as seawater and industrial water is used, and there is a possibility of using the return water by washing the injected water underground. Other carbon dioxide can also be used in combination. After installing a water permeable pipe and a high pressure injection pipe, it can be automatically washed with water, making it cheap and simple.

The following shows an efficient implementation system for the permeation treatment method for soil contamination.

For efficient purification of soil contamination, it is necessary to develop a computer simulation system. This system is an analysis related to cleaning including three-dimensional image processing. The medical image processing system currently in operation is a system that takes into account the blood flow of blood and can be applied. The present invention advances this system with the same idea as a medical image processing system and an oil field extraction system. FIG. 5 is a model explanation for designing an optimum water permeability method for soil contaminated sites. The broken line indicates the contaminated soil area, and the ● mark indicates the plane position of the water injection permeation pipe to prevent the inflow of groundwater into the contaminated area. Arrows indicate the direction of contaminant penetration.

(1) A hydraulic curtain by water injection with a permeable pipe is shown. (2) shows cleaning injection of a chemical substance of type B, and (4) shows cleaning extraction of chemical substance A. (3) shows the state of the pollutant cleaning line by the hydraulic curtain, and (5) shows the extraction of the chemical substance C. (6) shows high-pressure injection of the extracted chemical into the deep underground. From the figure, there are a plurality of effective concentration distributions for different chemical substances having a plurality of concentration distributions. This efficient production system can calculate the optimal pressure, position and depth by computer analysis. It is also possible to predict decontamination time and concentration. It is necessary to calculate the optimal water injection position and pressure, drainage position and pressure, the effect of effective cleaning additives, etc. This system is very effective for efficient decontamination.

Outline of purification of organic matter according to the present invention by the law of natural circulation Construction of lake surface artificial purification island by water permeability method of the present invention Cleaning by underground chemical injection of the present invention and injection of contaminants into the deep underground Cross-sectional view of deep underground treatment of pollutants according to the present invention Permeable pipe and high-pressure pipe arrangement plan view of purification by the method of water purification of contaminated soil of the present invention

Claims (5)

  In the purification method of environmental pollutants of soil, rivers, lakes, and sewage, organic pollutants are concentrated by using the effect of isolating and infiltrating aqueous solutions containing pollutants using water permeable pipes, and aerobic water Purification method using water permeation pipe, characterized by purification by microbial decomposition by injection or extraction of harmful heavy metals and chemical substances by injection / neutralization of dissolved substances. A structure in which aerobic water necessary for activities is injected from the top or side into microorganisms that decompose organic pollutants by separating pollutants with water permeation pipes in the purification of sludge and polluted water mainly composed of organic substances. In addition, a method for purifying a water-permeable tube is provided with a plant layer having a floating structure, if necessary, so that the decomposed organic matter can be absorbed by the plant and can provide sufficient water and light necessary for the plant.   In the method of concentrating harmful substances using a permeation pipe, when the sludge from rivers and lakes is pumped and transferred to a concentrating chamber equipped with a permeation pipe isolation wall, the purification function is performed when concentrating inside the permeation pipe constituting the isolation wall. For the purpose of detoxification of harmful substances and harmful substances, for example, a structure of a water permeable wall formed by encapsulating activated carbon, lime, adsorbing substances, etc.   In the processing of harmful chemical substances extracted by a permeation pipe, harmful chemical substances are used as stable and innocuous substances in the ground in combination with chemical substances necessary for chemical reaction changes in stable underground layers that are not extracted on the surface for at least the required period. A method of mixing and injecting contaminants into the ground to treat the contaminants.   In the method of remediating soil contamination with water-permeable pipes, pipes that allow multiple water passages are embedded at the boundary between non-polluted areas and contaminated areas, and the water level in the ground is improved by water permeability to isolate it from contaminated areas. If necessary in the contaminated area, water is added to the substances necessary for adsorption and extraction of harmful chemical substances, water is injected, a permeation pipe is buried in the most efficient contaminated area, and the pollutant is infiltrated through the permeated pipe, so that the water level in the isolated area. Soil pollution purification method using a permeation pipe that enables a discharge method that lowers pollution from non-contaminated areas.

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