JP2010002008A - One-way clutch built-in type rotation transmitting device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To attain compatibility between lock performance and wear resistance in a wide temperature range from low temperatures to high temperatures in a one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmitting device. <P>SOLUTION: This one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmitting device includes: a pulley 12; a sleeve 11 disposed concentric with the pulley 12 on the inside diameter side of the pulley 12; rolling bearings 2, 2 provided between the sleeve 11 and the pulley 12; and the one-way clutch 3, wherein as grease filling the one-way clutch 3, Li complex soap is mixed as a thickener to use grease having a viscosity-pressure coefficient of 12 GPa<SP>-1</SP>or more. Thus, heat curing is not caused even in the case of intermittent operation in a wide temperature range from a high temperature to a low temperature, and excellent wear resistance is achieved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotation transmission device with a built-in one-way clutch, and particularly to a rotation transmission device with a built-in one-way clutch that can achieve both locking performance and wear resistance in a wide temperature range from low to high temperatures.

It is known to use a rotation transmission device with a built-in one-way clutch in order to transmit only a rotational force in a predetermined direction to an automobile auxiliary machine such as an alternator, an auxiliary machine driving device, an engine crankshaft, or the like ( Patent Document 1). Further, it is known that urea grease containing a urea compound as a thickener is generally used as a grease for lubricating the one-way clutch built-in rotation transmission device.
JP 2001-12513 A

However, when used in automobiles, it is required to have excellent operability in a wide temperature range from a low temperature (about −40 ° C.) to a high temperature. However, in the conventional example described above, locking in a wide temperature range from a low temperature to a high temperature is required. In some cases, it was not possible to ensure both performance and wear resistance. Specifically, since urea-based grease has a property of thermosetting, the grease may be cured when it is stopped after being used at a high temperature in an environment where it is used in intermittent operation such as an automobile. When the grease is hardened, the fluidity of the grease is lowered, so that the clutch locking performance at low temperatures and the wear resistance at high temperatures may be deteriorated.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to achieve both locking performance and wear resistance in a wide temperature range from a low temperature to a high temperature in a one-way clutch built-in rotation transmission device.

  In order to solve the above problems, a one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission device according to claim 1 of the present invention includes an inner diameter side member, and an outer diameter side disposed concentrically with the inner diameter side member on an outer periphery of the inner diameter side member. A rotational force is provided only when one of the outer diameter side member and the inner diameter side member rotates relative to the other in a predetermined direction. A one-way clutch for transmission, and a rolling bearing provided between the inner diameter side member and the outer diameter side member and supporting the inner diameter side member and the outer diameter side member so as to be relatively rotatable. In the rotation transmission device with a built-in one-way clutch lubricated by the above, the clutch grease for lubricating the one-way clutch contains a metal composite soap as a thickener.

If a grease compounded with a metal composite soap is used as a thickener, it does not thermoset even under high temperature conditions, so it has excellent lock performance at low temperatures and wear resistance at high temperatures.
The rotation transmission device with a built-in one-way clutch according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that, in claim 1, the clutch grease has a viscosity pressure coefficient at 25 ° C. of the base oil of 12 GPa ⁻¹ or more.
Thus, if the base oil has a viscosity pressure coefficient of 12 GPa- ¹ or more, it becomes a hard grease with a small compressibility. For this reason, since a lubricating film is also formed on the surface of a member that becomes high pressure when the one-way clutch is locked, excellent locking performance and wear resistance can be added to the one-way clutch built-in rotation transmission device.

  According to the present invention, both locking performance and wear resistance can be achieved in a wide temperature range from low temperature to high temperature.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[Configuration of rotation transmission device with built-in one-way clutch]
FIG. 1 shows a rotation transmission device with a built-in one-way clutch used in an automobile alternator according to this embodiment.
The one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission device includes a sleeve (inner diameter side member) 11, a pulley (outer diameter side member) 12 arranged on the outer periphery of the sleeve 11 concentrically with the sleeve 11, the sleeve 11 and the pulley 12. Rolling bearings 2 and 2 and a one-way clutch 3 provided between the two.

  The pulley 12 is a substantially cylindrical rotating member, and is formed with irregularities on its outer periphery so that a cross section along the axial direction has a waveform, and an endless belt (poly V belt) (not shown) is stretched around the pulley 12. Although not shown, the endless belt is also stretched over a drive pulley attached to the crankshaft of the engine, and the driving force of the engine crankshaft is transmitted to the pulley 12 via the endless belt. Yes.

In FIG. 1, the sleeve 11 is a cylindrical member that is externally fixed to the alternator shaft S, and transmits a rotational force to the alternator shaft S. A large-diameter portion 11 </ b> A having a large outer diameter is formed at an intermediate portion in the axial direction of the sleeve 11. A generator rotor is fixed to the alternator shaft S, and power is generated by the rotation of the alternator shaft S.
The pair of rolling bearings 2 and 2 includes an outer ring 22, an inner ring 21, a rolling element 23, and a cage 24 that holds the rolling element 23, and supports a radial load generated in the one-way clutch built-in rotation transmission device. However, relative rotation between the sleeve 11 and the pulley 12 is made free. In this embodiment, the bearing space G1 formed between the outer ring 22 and the inner ring 21 is filled with grease according to the present invention (the composition will be described later), and is provided so as to close the bearing space G1. It is sealed by a pair of contact-type seal members 25, 25.

The one-way clutch 3 includes a clutch inner ring 31, a clutch outer ring 32, a plurality of rollers 33 disposed between the clutch inner ring 31 and the clutch outer ring 32, and a clutch retainer 34 that holds the roller 33. .
The clutch inner ring 31 is a substantially cylindrical member that is fitted and fixed to the sleeve 11 by an interference fit, and a concave cam surface 31a that gradually becomes deeper in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery thereof in the circumferential direction. It is formed at a plurality of equal intervals.

  The outer ring 32 for clutch is a substantially cylindrical member that is fitted and fixed to the pulley 12 by an interference fit, and the inner peripheral surface facing the inner ring 31 for clutch is a normal cylindrical surface 32b. As a result, the distance between the clutch inner ring 31 and the clutch outer ring 32 gradually becomes wider or narrower toward the circumferential direction on the cam surface 31a. Further, both ends of the clutch outer ring 32 are bent toward the sleeve 11 to form a flange 32a, which also functions as a grease reservoir for grease filled between the clutch inner ring 31 and the clutch outer ring 32.

In the clutch space G2 between the clutch inner ring 31 and the clutch outer ring 32, a plurality of rollers 33 held by the clutch holder 34 are arranged so as to be slightly movable in the rolling and circumferential directions, respectively. At the same time, the grease according to the present invention is filled, although the composition is different from that of the grease filled in the rolling bearings 2 and 2.
The clutch retainer 34 includes a pillar portion disposed between the rollers 33 and 33 and a spring made of a plate-like member fixed to the pillar portion, and is formed of a synthetic resin. The spring is elastically pressed in a direction in which the distance between the clutch inner ring 31 and the clutch outer ring 32 is reduced.

The rotation transmission device with a built-in one-way clutch configured as described above operates in the following manner while attached to the alternator shaft S.
When the rotational speed of the pulley 12 rotated by the travel of the endless belt is equal to or higher than the rotational speed of the alternator shaft S, the roller 33 tends to move toward the shallower recess of the cam surface 31a. At this time, the roller 33 is also pressed by the spring of the clutch retainer 34, so that the roller 33 bites between the inner ring 31 for clutch and the outer ring 32 for clutch (lock state). As a result, the rotational force is transmitted from the pulley 12 to the sleeve 11, and the driving force of the endless belt is transmitted to the alternator shaft S.

  On the other hand, when the travel of the endless belt is decelerated and becomes lower than the rotational speed of the alternator shaft S that rotates due to inertia, the direction of relative rotation between the sleeve 11 and the pulley 12 is reversed, and the roller 33 is recessed in the cam surface 31a. Tends to move deeper. For this reason, the locked state is released, and the connection between the clutch inner ring 31 and the clutch outer ring 32 is disconnected. In this state, since the pulley 12 is supported by the rolling bearings 2 and 2 and rotates relative to the sleeve 11 (overrun state), the alternator shaft S rotates at the same speed without decelerating as the endless belt decelerates. Continue. As a result, even when the rotational angular speed of the crankshaft of the engine fluctuates, it is possible to prevent the endless belt and the pulley 12 from rubbing, so that it is possible to prevent the generation of abnormal noise called squealing and a decrease in the life of the endless belt due to wear. At the same time, it is possible to prevent a decrease in power generation efficiency of the alternator.

In such a rotation transmission device with a built-in one-way clutch, the rolling bearings 2 and 2 and the one-way clutch 3 are lubricated by the grease of the present invention, so that they do not thermoset even when operated under high temperature conditions. Excellent wear resistance and locking performance over a wide temperature range.
The one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission device to which the present invention is applied is not limited to the one having the above configuration. For example, the cam surface 31 a is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the clutch outer ring 32, or the clutch outer ring 32 is omitted and the inner peripheral surface of the pulley 12 is directly used as the sliding surface of the one-way clutch 3. It is also possible. Similarly, the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 11 may be directly used as the sliding surface of the one-way clutch 3 without providing the inner ring 31 for clutch.

  In the above embodiment, the contact type seal members 25 and 25 are provided at both ends of the rolling bearing 2. However, when the same grease is used for the rolling bearing 2 and the one-way clutch 3, one of the rolling bearings 2 is provided. The seal member 25 may not be provided at the end facing the direction clutch 3. However, it is preferable to provide the seal members 25 at both ends of the rolling bearing 2 because grease can be effectively suppressed from leaking to the outside. Further, when different greases are used as in this embodiment, if the seal member 25 is provided at the end facing the one-way clutch 3, adverse effects caused by mixing of the respective greases can be reduced. ,preferable.

Further, the pair of rolling bearings 2 and 2 are not limited to ball bearings, and the same effect can be obtained even when a roller bearing is employed, or even when both a roller bearing and a ball bearing are employed. It is done.
Moreover, although the case where a roller clutch was used as a one-way clutch was described, the present invention is a sprag clutch using a sprag instead of a roller, a cam clutch using a cam instead of a roller, etc. Other conventionally known one-way clutches may be used.

  In addition, although the one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission apparatus used for the alternator for motor vehicles was demonstrated, the one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission apparatus based on this invention is not limited to the thing of an alternator use. For example, it may be attached to a driven shaft of an auxiliary machine for an automobile such as a compressor other than an alternator for an automobile, a water pump, a cooling fan, etc., and a rotational force in a predetermined direction from an auxiliary machine drive device or an engine may be transmitted. Or it is mounted on the crankshaft of the engine mounted on the idling stop vehicle and the drive shaft of the accessory drive device, etc., and one of the engine or the accessory drive device is in the operating state and the other is in the stopped state. It may be used to transmit only one rotational force and prevent the other drive shaft from rotating. Further, it may be attached to a rotating shaft of a driving device such as a starter motor and used to transmit a rotational force in only one direction.

[About grease]
The grease filled in the bearing space G1 and the clutch space G2 of the one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission device of the present embodiment contains a metal composite soap as a thickener. Hereinafter, the composition will be described in detail.
(About base oil)
The type of base oil used in the grease according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and any base oil that is normally used as a base oil for grease can be used. Preferably, a synthetic oil having good low temperature fluidity is blended in an amount of 50% by mass or more based on the total amount of the base oil. Moreover, it is preferable that the viscosity pressure coefficient in 25 degreeC of base oil is 12 GPa- ¹ or more. Furthermore, the pour point of the base oil is preferably −35 ° C. or lower so as to withstand use under low temperature conditions. Further, the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is preferably 10 mm ² / s or more and 400 mm ² / s or less, more preferably 20 mm ² / s or more and 250 mm ² / s or less, and 25 mm ² / s or more and 150 mm ² / s or less. More preferably. If it is less than 10 mm ² / s, the oil film is insufficiently formed at a high temperature, which may cause seizure. Moreover, when it exceeds 400 mm < ² > / s, there exists a possibility that a one-way clutch cannot be locked.

  Specific examples of the above include mineral oil, synthetic oil, and natural oil. As the mineral oil, a refined oil obtained by appropriately combining mineral oil under reduced pressure distillation, oil removal, solvent extraction, hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing, sulfuric acid washing, white clay purification, hydrorefining, and the like can be used. Examples of synthetic oils include hydrocarbon oils, aromatic oils, ester oils, ether oils, and the like. Examples of the hydrocarbon oil include normal paraffin, isoparaffin, polybutene, polyisobutylene, poly-α-olefin (such as 1-decene oligomer, 1-decene and ethylene co-oligomer), and hydrides thereof. Examples of the aromatic oil include alkylbenzene (monoalkylbenzene, dialkylbenzene, etc.) and alkylnaphthalene (monoalkylnaphthalene, dialkylnaphthalene, polyalkylnaphthalene, etc.). Examples of ester oils include diester oils (dibutyl sebacate, di (2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, dioctyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, ditridecyl adipate, ditridecyl glutarate, methylacetylricinoleate, etc.), aromatic ester oils ( Trioctyl trimellitate, tridecyl trimellitate, tetraoctyl pyromellitate, etc., polyol ester oil (trimethylolpropane caprylate, trimethylolpropane pelargonate, pentaerythritol-2-ethylhexanoate, pentaerythritol pelargonate) Etc.), and complex ester oils that are oligoesters of dibasic and monobasic mixed fatty acids and polyhydric alcohols. Examples of ether oils include polyglycol (polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol monoether, polypropylene glycol monoether, etc.), phenyl ether oil (monoalkyl triphenyl ether, alkyl diphenyl ether, dialkyl diphenyl ether, pentaphenyl ether, tetra Phenyl ether, monoalkyl tetraphenyl ether, dialkyl tetraphenyl ether, etc.). Examples of other synthetic oils include tricresyl phosphate and silicone oil. Examples of the natural oil include beef tallow, lard, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, rice bran oil, coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, and other oils and hydrides thereof. These base oils can be used singly or as a mixture, and are adjusted to values such as the preferred viscosity-pressure coefficient and kinematic viscosity described above.

(About thickener)
In the grease according to the present invention, metal composite soap is used as a thickener as described above. Examples of the metal composite soap include a metal composite soap selected from Li metal composite soap, Na metal composite soap, Ba metal composite soap, Ca metal composite soap, Al metal composite soap, and the like, or a mixture thereof. Among these, it is preferable to mix Li composite soap.

(About blending consistency)
It is preferable that the blending penetration is 220 to 350 according to the blending penetration measuring method defined in JIS K2220. If it is less than 220, the fluidity is poor, and the torque at low temperatures increases. If it exceeds 350, grease leakage is likely to occur. In particular, since the rolling bearings 2 and 2 are provided at the end of the one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission device, if the grease is too mixed, the grease in the bearing will flow out to the outside. In this case, there is a risk that the grease is insufficient inside the bearing, so that seizure may occur due to poor lubrication, or the belt may slip due to adhesion of grease between the belt and the pulley. For this reason, the penetration degree was set to 350 or less.

(About additives)
The grease according to the present invention may contain a known additive as necessary in order to further improve the performance. Examples of such additives include gelling agents (metal soap, benton, silica gel, etc.), antioxidants (amine, phenol, sulfur, zinc dithiophosphate, etc.), extreme pressure agents (chlorine, sulfur, Phosphorus, zinc dithiophosphate, organic molybdenum, etc.), oiliness agents (fatty acids, animal and vegetable oils, etc.), rust inhibitors (petroleum sulfonate, dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, sorbitan esters, etc.), metal deactivators (benzotriazole, And so on) and viscosity index improvers (polymethacrylate, polyisobutylene, polystyrene, etc.), and these can be added alone or in combination of two or more. At this time, the addition amount of the additive and the like is not particularly limited as long as the desired object of the present invention can be achieved, but it may be contained in the grease in a range of about 20% by mass or less.

(About manufacturing method)
Moreover, there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the method of preparing the grease which concerns on this invention. However, it is generally obtained by reacting a thickener in a base oil. In addition, manufacturing conditions, such as heating temperature, stirring, and mixing time, are suitably set with the base oil, the thickener, the additive, etc. to be used. In addition, it is necessary to thoroughly stir and mix the additives after mixing. When this treatment is performed, heating is also effective.
In addition, about the grease with which the bearing space G1 is filled, although it was set as the above-mentioned composition in this embodiment, it is not limited to this, You may use the thing of another composition.

[Rapid acceleration / deceleration endurance test]
In order to confirm the effect of the present invention, a rapid acceleration / deceleration endurance test was conducted, which will be described.
For this test, greases of Examples and Comparative Examples having the respective compositions as shown in Table 1 were used.

In Table 1, “DOS” used for the base oil indicates di (2-ethylhexyl) sebacate. “5P4E” used for the base oil indicates polyphenyl ether.
The test was performed using the one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission device of FIG. The rolling bearings 2 and 2 are deep groove ball bearings with a contact rubber seal having an inner diameter of 25 mm, an outer diameter of 37 mm, and a width of 7 mm, and 0.95 g of the grease to be tested is sealed therein. The one-way clutch 3 has an inner diameter of 27 mm, an outer diameter of 37 mm, and a width of 50 mm, and 1.4 g of the grease to be tested is sealed therein. Then, in order to reproduce the actual use state in which the operation is repeated intermittently, as shown in FIG. 2, the operation state pattern (1) and the stop state pattern (2) are set with the test time of 100 hours as a target. The test was repeated alternately. In the pattern (1), under the conditions of an atmospheric temperature of 150 ° C. and a belt tension of 980 N, the rotation speed of the sleeve 11 was changed from 0 min ⁻¹ to 10000 min ⁻¹ to make one cycle (15 seconds) and continuously rotated for 20 hours. In the pattern (2), the rotation was stopped for 4 hours. After the test, the wear of the cam surface 31a was observed and converted into a wear point, and a sample with a small amount of wear (wear point 1 or less) was accepted (see Table 2). In addition, the test was performed 3 times for each grease to be tested.

The test results are shown in the graph of FIG. As shown in the figure, when Li composite soap is used as the thickener, the overall wear point is lower than when a urea compound is used as the thickener, and the operation is intermittent under high temperature conditions. It was confirmed that wear was sometimes suppressed. This is because a grease containing a metal composite soap in a thickener is harder to heat cure than a urea-based grease. Moreover, it was confirmed that when either the Li composite soap or the urea compound is used as the thickener, the wear is reduced when the viscosity pressure coefficient is large. In particular, in the grease using Li composite soap, when the viscosity pressure coefficient is 12 GPa or more and ⁻¹ (Example 1 and Example 2), it is confirmed that the wear is very small and passes, and excellent wear resistance is exhibited. It was done.

It is a figure which shows the one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is a graph explaining a test condition. It is a graph which shows a test result.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Sleeve 11A Large diameter part 12 Pulley 2 Rolling bearing 21 Inner ring 22 Outer ring 23 Rolling body 24 Cage 25 Seal member 3 One-way clutch 31 Clutch inner ring 32 Clutch outer ring 32a 鍔 33 Roller 34 Clutch retainer

Claims (2)

An inner diameter side member;
An outer diameter side member disposed concentrically with the inner diameter side member on an outer periphery of the inner diameter side member;
One that is provided between the inner diameter side member and the outer diameter side member and transmits a rotational force only when one of the outer diameter side member and the inner diameter side member rotates relative to the other in a predetermined direction. A directional clutch,
A rolling bearing provided between the inner diameter side member and the outer diameter side member, and supporting the inner diameter side member and the outer diameter side member in a relatively rotatable manner;
In the one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission device that is lubricated with grease,
The one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission device, wherein the clutch grease for lubricating the one-way clutch contains a metal composite soap as a thickener. The one-way clutch built-in rotation transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the clutch grease has a viscosity pressure coefficient of 12 GPa- ¹ or more at 25 ° C of the base oil.

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