JP2010001617A - Waterproof sheet and waterproofing construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waterproof sheet to be fixed on a construction face when performing construction work and achieving excellent workability of construction work and to provide a construction method by use of this waterproof sheet. <P>SOLUTION: This waterproof sheet 1 is constituted by laminating an opening sheet 2 having a plurality of holes 2a, a synthetic resin film 5 having non-permeability for water, and a fiber basic material 3 formed like mesh by using fibers as its material and an adhesive layer 4 having adhesiveness which are provided between the opening sheet 2 and the synthetic resin film 5. Since the adhesive layer 4 is constituted by sticking and integrating the opening sheet 2, the fiber basic material 3, and the synthetic resin film 5 mutually to stick it on the construction face through the holes 2a in the opening sheet 2, the waterproof sheet 1 is satisfactorily fixed on the construction face on the whole. In addition, since parts 2b other than the holes in the opening sheet 2 do not adhere closely on the construction face, a ventillation passage is ensured among the parts 2b other than the holes in the opening sheet 2 and the construction face. Consequently, the occurrence of a swelling phenomenon of a coating caused by water vapor from the construction face or the like is prevented. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a waterproof sheet used for waterproof construction and a waterproof construction method using the waterproof sheet.

As a method of waterproofing construction on the roof of a building, etc., in order to reinforce the paint film and to secure a ventilation path that prevents the so-called swelling phenomenon on the paint film surface, a sheet made of nonwoven fabric, film, mesh base material, etc. And a method of forming a waterproof coating thereon is used. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a waterproof coating sheet obtained by integrally laminating a resin film having a large number of openings, a net-like body, and a nonwoven fabric. Patent Document 2 describes a waterproof construction sheet made of a non-moisture permeable film having a large number of holes and having a nonwoven fabric bonded on one side. Further, Patent Document 3 describes a waterproof construction sheet formed by laminating a nonwoven fabric and a synthetic resin film.
JP 2007-21467 A JP 2004-225434 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-210286

  In waterproof construction using a waterproof construction sheet, a sheet is first installed on the construction surface. In the waterproof construction sheet described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the sheet itself does not have adhesiveness to the construction surface. For this reason, these sheets are fixed to the construction surface by being fixed to the construction surface with an adhesive, or when the coating film formed on the sheet is in close contact with the construction surface through an opening or the like. For this reason, the operation | work of sheet | seat installation was complicated, or it shifted | deviated to the sheet | seat during construction work, and it was easy to generate | occur | produce a tear.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a waterproof sheet that is fixed to a construction surface during construction work and has excellent workability, and a construction method using the waterproof sheet. And

  The waterproof sheet according to the present invention is provided between an opening sheet having a plurality of holes, a synthetic resin film that is impermeable to water, and the opening sheet and the synthetic resin film, and is formed in a mesh shape using fibers as a material. It is characterized by being formed by laminating an adhesive layer having an adhesive property, which is provided between the fiber base material, the opening sheet and the synthetic resin film.

  The waterproof sheet of the present invention is installed with the opening sheet facing the construction surface. At this time, the adhesive layer adheres and integrates the aperture sheet, the fiber base material, and the synthetic resin film, and adheres to the construction surface through the holes of the aperture sheet. For this reason, the waterproof sheet is fixed to the construction surface as a whole. Therefore, workability is improved. Moreover, since the fiber base material is provided between the opening sheet and the synthetic resin film, the rigidity of the waterproof sheet is improved and the generation of wrinkles is prevented. Further, the waterproof sheet is in close contact with the construction surface by the adhesive layer that has oozed out from the hole portion of the opening sheet, but the portion other than the hole of the opening sheet is not in close contact with the construction surface. For this reason, an air passage is formed between the part other than the hole of the opening sheet and the construction surface. Therefore, the swelling phenomenon of the coating film caused by water vapor generated from the construction surface is prevented. Moreover, the synthetic resin film provided on the opposite side of the opening sheet directed to the construction surface has water impermeability. For this reason, even if there is rain during construction work, water does not soak into the painted surface of the waterproof sheet. Therefore, the work for waiting for the painted surface to dry is not interrupted, and the construction period can be shortened.

  In the waterproof sheet according to the present invention, the synthetic resin film is preferably made of polyethylene terephthalate. As a paint for forming a coating film on the waterproof sheet, a paint containing an unsaturated polyester resin or a urethane resin is used. The paint containing an unsaturated polyester resin contains a solvent made of, for example, styrene. Since polyethylene terephthalate has solvent resistance, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the adhesive layer due to the solvent contained in the paint.

  In the waterproof sheet according to the present invention, the outer surface of the synthetic resin film is preferably coated with ink made of a urethane-based synthetic resin. In this case, since the painted surface is covered with a urethane-based synthetic resin, when a paint containing urethane resin is used as a paint for forming a coating film on the waterproof sheet, adhesion to the waterproof sheet is improved. .

  In the waterproof sheet according to the present invention, the fiber base material is preferably formed using glass fiber as a material. Since the glass fiber is excellent in rigidity, the rigidity of the waterproof sheet is further improved.

  In the waterproof sheet according to the present invention, the adhesive layer is preferably made of butyl rubber. Butyl rubber is suitable as a material for the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer because it has adhesiveness and waterproofness and has appropriate strength.

  The waterproof sheet according to the present invention is preferably formed by laminating an opening sheet, a fiber substrate, an adhesive layer, and a synthetic resin film in this order. Since the fiber base material is laminated in contact with the opening sheet, the opening sheet can be reinforced by the rigidity of the fiber base material. Moreover, since an adhesion layer adheres to a construction surface through the clearance gap between the fibers of a fiber base material, and the hole of an opening sheet | seat, a waterproof sheet can be fixed to a construction surface.

  In the waterproof sheet according to the present invention, the opening sheet may have appropriate rigidity and heat resistance from the viewpoints of adhesion to the fiber base material, sheet drilling workability, and lamination with an adhesive layer such as butyl rubber. preferable. The opening sheet is made of a nonwoven fabric or a film, and is preferably a nonwoven fabric from the viewpoint of economically obtaining a sheet satisfying this required quality, and more preferably a polylaminate nonwoven fabric.

  In the waterproof sheet according to the present invention, the hole diameter of the opening sheet is preferably 5 mm or more and 300 mm or less. If the hole diameter of the hole of an opening sheet is 5 mm or more, favorable workability will be provided because an adhesion layer adheres to a construction surface through this hole. Moreover, if the hole diameter of the hole of an opening sheet is 300 mm or less, the ventilation path provided with sufficient air permeability is formed between parts other than a hole, and a construction surface.

  The waterproof construction method according to the present invention is a waterproof construction method that provides waterproofness to a construction object using the above-described waterproof sheet, and the waterproof sheet is attached to the construction object so that the opening sheet faces the construction surface of the construction object. It is characterized by comprising a waterproof sheet attaching step and a painting step of applying the waterproof sheet using a paint made of a synthetic resin.

  In the waterproof construction method of the present invention, the waterproof sheet is installed on the construction surface so as to contact the opening sheet. At this time, since the adhesive layer adheres to the construction surface through the holes of the opening sheet, the waterproof sheet is fixed to the construction surface as a whole. Therefore, workability is improved. In addition, the waterproof sheet is in close contact with the construction surface by the adhesive layer that oozes out from the hole portion of the opening sheet, but the portion other than the hole of the opening sheet is not in close contact with the construction surface. For this reason, a ventilation path is ensured between parts other than the hole of an opening sheet | seat, and a construction surface. Therefore, the swelling phenomenon resulting from the water vapor | steam etc. which generate | occur | produce from a construction surface is prevented. Moreover, the synthetic resin film provided on the opposite side of the opening sheet in contact with the construction surface has water impermeability. For this reason, even if there is rain during construction work, water does not soak into the painted surface of the waterproof sheet. Therefore, the work for waiting for the painted surface to dry is not interrupted, and the construction period can be shortened.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to provide the construction method using the waterproof sheet which was fixed with respect to the construction surface at the time of construction work, and was excellent in workability, and this waterproof sheet.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a waterproof sheet and a waterproof construction method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a waterproof sheet according to the present embodiment. The waterproof sheet 1 includes an opening sheet 2, a fiber base material 3, an adhesive layer 4, and a synthetic resin film 5, which are laminated in this order. Moreover, FIG. 2 is sectional drawing in the state which affixed the waterproof sheet 1 on the construction surface of waterproof construction object. The waterproof sheet 1 is attached so that the opening sheet 2 faces the construction surface 10 c of the construction target 10. At this time, the adhesive layer 4 adheres and integrates the opening sheet 2, the fiber base material 3, and the synthetic resin film 5, and the construction surface 10 a of the construction target 10 through the hole 2 a of the opening sheet 2. Therefore, the waterproof sheet 1 is fixed to the construction surface 10c as a whole. Therefore, the wrinkle of the waterproof sheet 1 during construction and deviation from the construction surface 10c are prevented. Therefore, workability is improved.

  Moreover, the waterproof sheet 1 adheres to the construction surface 10c by the adhesive layer 4 that oozes out from the hole 2a of the opening sheet 2, and the portion 2b other than the hole of the opening sheet 2 does not adhere to the construction surface 10b. For this reason, an air passage is formed between the portion 2b other than the hole of the opening sheet 2 and the construction surface 10b. Water vapor or the like generated from the construction object 10 is released to the outside through a through-hole provided at an appropriate position of the waterproof sheet 1 or an outer edge portion of the construction range through the ventilation path. Therefore, a so-called swelling phenomenon caused by water vapor or the like is prevented.

  The opening sheet 2 is a sheet-like base material having a plurality of holes 2a. The opening sheet 2 is made of, for example, a polyethylene organic fiber nonwoven fabric or a resin film. However, from the viewpoints of adhesion to the fiber base material 3 and sheet punching workability, the opening sheet 2 is preferably made of a nonwoven fabric. Furthermore, the surface of the opening sheet 2 is preferably subjected to polyethylene laminating in order to further improve the drilling workability and to improve the tear strength.

From the viewpoint of tear strength and flexibility, the mass per unit area of the opening sheet 2 is preferably 10 g / m ² or more and 30 g / m ² or less.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a planar shape of the opening sheet 2. Although the shape of the hole 2a of the opening sheet 2 is not particularly limited, it is preferably a circular shape or a substantially circular shape from the viewpoint of tear resistance. The hole diameter r of the holes 2a is preferably, for example, 5 mm or more and 300 mm or less, and the distance d between the holes 2a is preferably 10 mm or more and 300 mm or less. In addition, the ratio of the area of the holes 2a to the entire surface area of the opening sheet 2 (hereinafter referred to as “opening ratio”) is preferably 20% or more and 50% or less. Since the hole diameter r of the hole 2a is 5 mm or more, the interval d is 300 mm or less, and the opening ratio is 20% or more, the adhesive sheet 4 adheres to the construction surface 10a through the hole 2a. 10c is sufficiently fixed. Therefore, good workability is provided. Moreover, since the hole diameter r of the hole 2a is 300 mm or less, the interval d is 10 mm or more, and the opening ratio is 50% or less, sufficient air permeability is provided between the portion 2b other than the hole of the opening sheet 2 and the construction surface 10b. Is formed. Furthermore, the hole diameter r of the hole 2a is preferably 10 mm or more and 200 mm or less, and most preferably about 100 mm. In this case, better workability is provided, and an air passage having a more appropriate air permeability is formed. In the present embodiment, the shape of the hole 2a is circular, but may be other shapes such as a square. When the hole 2a has a circular shape, the hole diameter r indicates the diameter of the hole 2a. On the other hand, when the hole 2a has a non-circular shape such as a square, the hole diameter r indicates the diameter of a circle having the same area as the hole 2a.

  The fiber base material 3 is a woven fabric or a nonwoven fabric made of continuous fiber yarns arranged linearly in a plurality of directions, and is provided between the opening sheet 2 and the synthetic resin film 5. The fiber base material 3 is formed in a mesh shape having a gap between fiber yarns. It is preferable that the fiber yarns are bonded to each other at, for example, an acrylic adhesive at the intersection between the yarns. By this adhesion, the gap 3a between the fiber yarns is maintained.

  When the fiber base material 3 is a woven fabric, for example, a weaving method such as an entangled weave or a plain weave is exemplified. Moreover, the nonwoven fabric used for the fiber base material 3 is a continuous fiber nonwoven fabric in which fiber yarns are combined, for example, in a lattice shape, and the fiber yarns are bonded together with an adhesive. The arrangement of the fiber yarn is not limited to the lattice shape, and can be arranged in, for example, three directions and four directions. It is preferable that the space | interval between fiber yarns is 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less, for example.

  The material of the fiber substrate 3 is preferably glass fiber. Since the glass fiber is excellent in rigidity, when the fiber base 3 is in close contact with the opening sheet 2, the rigidity of the waterproof sheet 1 is improved and the generation of wrinkles is prevented.

The count of the fiber yarn of the fiber base material 3 is preferably 22.5 tex or more and 570 tex or less, for example, from the viewpoint of tensile strength and flexibility. If it is less than 22.5 tex, the desired reinforcing effect may not be obtained, and if it exceeds 570 tex, it may be difficult to construct. The count (tex) of the fiber yarn corresponds to the mass (gram number) per 1000 m of the fiber yarn. The mass per unit area of the fiber base material 3 is preferably 20 g / m ² or more and 500 g / m ² or less. The ratio of the area of the gap 3a between the fiber yarns to the entire area of the fiber substrate 3 (hereinafter referred to as “gap ratio”) is preferably 50% or more and 90% or less. Since the gap ratio is 50% or more, the adhesive layer 4 can adhere to the construction surface 10a while integrating the fiber base material 3 and the synthetic resin film 5 through the gap 3a. Moreover, since the clearance ratio is 90% or less, the waterproof sheet 1 can obtain sufficient strength and rigidity.

  The adhesive layer 4 is made of an adhesive material, and is provided between the opening sheet 2 and the synthetic resin film 5. The adhesive layer 4 adheres and integrates the opening sheet 2, the fiber base material 3, and the synthetic resin film 5. Moreover, the adhesion layer 4 adheres to the construction surface 10a through the hole 2a of the opening sheet and the gap 3a between the fiber yarns of the fiber substrate 3. By this adhesion, the waterproof sheet 1 is fixed to the construction surface 10c as a whole.

  The adhesive layer 4 is made of, for example, butyl rubber. Butyl rubber is suitable as a material for the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 4 because it has adhesiveness and waterproofness and has appropriate strength. It is preferable that the thickness of the adhesion layer 4 is 0.5 mm or more and 5.0 mm or less. Since the thickness is 0.5 mm or more, the adhesive layer 4 can have sufficient adhesive force. Moreover, since the thickness is 5.0 mm or less, the waterproof sheet 1 has sufficient adhesive force and can be made lightweight. In addition, when the thickness is 5.0 mm or more, the waterproof sheet 1 cannot be used as a wound body, so that workability is deteriorated.

  The synthetic resin film 5 is a film-like sheet that is impermeable to water. Since the synthetic resin film 5 is provided on one surface of the waterproof sheet 1, the adhesive layer 4 is not exposed on the surface. Therefore, even when the waterproof sheets 1 are stacked, the waterproof sheets do not adhere to each other, so that the waterproof sheet 1 can be handled as a wound body.

  An opening sheet 2 is provided on the other surface of the waterproof sheet 1, and at the time of construction, the waterproof sheet 1 is installed with the opening sheet 2 facing the construction surface 10c. Since the synthetic resin film 5 is provided on the opposite side of the opening sheet 2 toward the construction surface 10c, water does not soak into the painted surface of the waterproof sheet 1 even when there is rain during construction work. Therefore, the operation for waiting for the painted surface to dry is not interrupted, and the construction period can be shortened.

  The synthetic resin film 5 can be made of, for example, a resin film. Examples of the resin film include polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate. As a paint for forming a coating film on the waterproof sheet 1, for example, a paint containing an unsaturated polyester resin is used. This paint contains a solvent such as styrene. Since polyethylene terephthalate has solvent resistance, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the adhesive layer 4 due to the solvent contained in the paint.

  The outer surface of the synthetic resin film 5 may be coated with an ink made of, for example, a urethane-based synthetic resin. In this case, when the painted surface of the waterproof sheet 1 is covered with a urethane-based synthetic resin, the adhesion between the paint containing the urethane resin and the waterproof sheet 1 is improved.

  That is, if the synthetic resin film 5 is a polyethylene terephthalate film coated with an ink made of a urethane-based synthetic resin, unsaturated polyester resin or urethane can be used as a paint for forming a coating film on the waterproof sheet. Any resin such as a resin can be suitably applied.

  In the present embodiment described above, the waterproof sheet 1 is formed by laminating the opening sheet 2, the fiber base material 3, the adhesive layer 4 and the synthetic resin film 5 in this order. As long as it is provided on the other surface, the order of lamination is not limited. For example, the waterproof sheet 1 can be formed by laminating an opening sheet 2, an adhesive layer 4, a fiber base material 3, and a synthetic resin film 5 in this order. The waterproof sheet 1 can be formed by laminating an opening sheet 2, a fiber base 3, an adhesive layer 4, a fiber base 3 and a synthetic resin film 5 in this order. Furthermore, the waterproof sheet 1 can be formed by laminating an opening sheet 2, an adhesive layer 4, a fiber base material 3, an adhesive layer 4 and a synthetic resin film 5 in this order.

  A waterproof construction method for imparting waterproofness to a construction object using the waterproof sheet 1 is performed according to the following procedure.

  First, the waterproof sheet 1 is affixed to the construction target 10 so that the opening sheet 2 faces the construction surface 10 c of the construction target 10. At this time, since the adhesive layer 4 adheres to the construction surface 10a through the gap 3a between the fiber yarns of the fiber base 3 and the hole 2a of the opening sheet 2, the waterproof sheet 1 is fixed to the construction surface 10c as a whole. The For this reason, the wrinkle of the waterproof sheet 1 and the shift | offset | difference with respect to the construction surface 10c are prevented. Therefore, workability is improved. Further, the waterproof sheet 1 is in close contact with the construction surface 10a by the adhesive layer 4 oozing out from the hole 2a portion of the opening sheet 2, and the portion 2b other than the hole of the opening sheet 2 is not in close contact with the construction surface 10b. For this reason, an air passage is secured between the portion 2b other than the hole of the opening sheet 2 and the construction surface 10b. Therefore, the swelling phenomenon of the coating film due to water vapor or the like generated from the construction object 10 is prevented.

  Next, it paints on the waterproof sheet 1 using the coating material which consists of synthetic resins. Here, the synthetic resin film 5 is provided on the opposite side of the opening sheet 2 toward the construction surface 10c. This synthetic resin film 5 is impermeable to water. Therefore, even if there is rain during construction work, water does not soak into the painted surface of the waterproof sheet 1. Therefore, the work for waiting for the painted surface to dry is not interrupted, and the construction period can be shortened. Moreover, when the outer surface of the synthetic resin film 5 is coated with an ink made of a urethane-based synthetic resin, the adhesion between the paint containing the urethane resin and the waterproof sheet is improved.

It is a perspective view of the waterproof sheet concerning this embodiment concerning an embodiment. It is sectional drawing in the state which affixed the waterproof sheet on the construction surface of waterproof construction object. It is the figure which showed the planar shape of the opening sheet.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Waterproof sheet, 2 ... Opening sheet, 2a ... Hole, 3 ... Fiber base material, 3a ... Gap, 4 ... Adhesive layer, 5 ... Synthetic resin film, 10 ... Construction object, 10a, 10b, 10c ... Construction surface.

Claims (9)

An opening sheet having a plurality of holes;
A synthetic resin film having water impermeability;
A fiber base material provided between the opening sheet and the synthetic resin film and formed in a mesh shape using fibers as a material;
A waterproof sheet provided by laminating an adhesive layer provided between the opening sheet and the synthetic resin film and having adhesiveness.   The waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic resin film is made of polyethylene terephthalate.   The waterproof sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an outer surface of the synthetic resin film is coated with an ink made of a urethane-based synthetic resin.   The waterproof sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fiber base material is formed using glass fiber as a material.   The waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive layer is made of butyl rubber.   The waterproof sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the opening sheet, the fiber base material, the adhesive layer, and the synthetic resin film are laminated in this order.   The waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein the opening sheet is made of a nonwoven fabric.   The waterproof sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the hole of the opening sheet has a hole diameter of 5 mm or more and 300 mm or less. Using the waterproof sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 8, a waterproof construction method for imparting waterproofness to a construction object,
A waterproof sheet attaching step of attaching the waterproof sheet to the construction object so that the opening sheet faces the construction surface of the construction object;
And a painting step of painting the waterproof sheet using a paint made of a synthetic resin.

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