JP2009528482A - アンモニアを貯蔵および送出する方法ならびに化学錯体からのアンモニアの脱離のための電磁放射の使用 - Google Patents
アンモニアを貯蔵および送出する方法ならびに化学錯体からのアンモニアの脱離のための電磁放射の使用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
(a)容器を提供するステップと、
(b)前記容器中にアンモニア吸収材料を入れるステップと、
(c)アンモニアの気相への光子活性化(非熱的)放出のための、電磁放射による前記アンモニア吸収材料を照射するための手段を提供するステップと
を含む。
− 固体アンモニア貯蔵材料を有する容器と、
− 電磁放射による材料の照射によって、固体から気相にアンモニアを放出するための手段と、
− 容器から排気ガス中にアンモニアガスを導入するための手段と、
− 添加されたアンモニアとの反応によってNOXを減少させるための触媒と、
− 触媒の下流のガスからのアンモニアスリップを最小化する一方で、高いNOX変換を得るために、NOXとアンモニアとの最適な割合をもたらすためのアンモニアの量を制御するための手段と
を含む。
− 固体アンモニア貯蔵材料を含有するための容器と、
− アンモニアの気相への光子活性化(非熱的)放出のための、電磁放射による前記アンモニア貯蔵材料を照射するための手段と、
− NOX還元触媒の前に、容器から排気ライン中にアンモニアガスを導入するための手段と、
− 機関の操作条件に応じて、排気ラインに導入されるアンモニアの量を制御するための手段と
を含む。
2 バルブ
3 緩衝液
4 バルブ
5 排気ライン
6 IRエミッターのパネル
7 透過性窓または蓋
Claims (24)
- (a)容器を提供するステップと、
(b)前記容器中にアンモニア含有材料を入れるステップと、
(c)アンモニアの気相への光子活性化(非熱的)放出のための、電磁放射による前記アンモニア含有材料を照射するための手段を提供するステップと
を含む、アンモニアを貯蔵および送出する方法。 - 前記アンモニア含有材料がアンモニアで飽和している、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記放射の波長スペクトルが、前記アンモニア含有材料の1つまたは複数の吸収ピークに適合するように選択される、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記放射の波長スペクトルが、不飽和(または枯渇した)前記アンモニア吸収材料の吸収ピークの特に外側であるように選択される、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記放射の1つまたは複数の波長が、マイクロ波領域、赤外領域、可視領域または紫外領域内である、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記アンモニア吸収材料が、一般式Ma(NH3)nXz(式中、Mは、Li、Na、KまたはCsなどのアルカリ金属、Mg、Ca、SrまたはAlなどのアルカリ土類金属、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、CuまたはZnなどの遷移金属、あるいはNaAl、KAl、K2Zn、CsCuまたはK2Feなどのこれらの組合せから選択される1つまたは複数の陽イオンであり、Xは、フッ化物イオン、塩化物イオン、臭化物イオン、ヨウ化物イオン、硝酸イオン、チオシアン酸イオン、硫酸イオン、モリブデン酸イオンおよびリン酸イオンから選択される1つまたは複数の陰イオンであり、aは、塩1分子当たりの陽イオンの数であり、zは、塩1分子当たりの陰イオンの数であり、nは、2〜12の配位数である)のイオン性塩の形態の化学錯体である、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記イオン性塩が、MgCl2、CaCl2、SrCl2またはそれらの混合物である、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記アンモニア含有材料が、密なブロック、棒、円柱リング、または立方体などの縁のあるユニットに圧縮された、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記放射の波長が、1〜15マイクロメートルである、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記放射が細長い容器の一端から放出される、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記放射が、アンモニア貯蔵材料で周りを取り囲んだ前記容器内部の円柱状の源から放出される、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記放射が前記容器のいくつかの表面から放出される、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- アンモニアの放出速度が前記放射の正確な制御によって決定される、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- アンモニアの放出が、低減バルブ、流量調整器、バルブまたは同様のタイプの装置によってさらに制御される、請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 放出されたアンモニアが、燃焼過程からの排気ガス中のNOXの選択的接触還元において使用される、請求項1から14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 放出されたアンモニアが、ディーゼル、ガソリン、天然ガスまたは任意の他の化石燃料によって燃料を供給される固定式および可動式燃焼機関からのNOX排出削減において使用される、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 放出されたアンモニアが、メタノール、エタノール、水素、メタン、エタンまたは任意の他の合成燃料によって燃料を供給される固定式および可動式燃焼機関からのNOX排出削減において使用される、請求項15に記載のアンモニア貯蔵/送出方法。
- 放出されたアンモニアが、石炭、天然ガス油または任意の他の化石燃料によって燃料を供給される固定式および可動式発電装置からのNOX排出削減において使用される、請求項15に記載のアンモニア貯蔵/送出方法。
- 放出されたアンモニアが、メタノール、エタノール、水素、メタン、エタンまたは任意の他の合成燃料によって燃料を供給される固定式および可動式発電装置からのNOX排出削減において使用される、請求項15に記載のアンモニア貯蔵/送出方法。
- 固体アンモニア貯蔵材料を有する容器と、
電磁放射による前記材料の照射によって、前記固体から気相にアンモニアを放出するための手段と、
前記容器から排気ガス中にアンモニアガスを導入するための手段と、
添加されたアンモニアとの反応によってNOXを減少させるための触媒と、
触媒の下流のガスからのアンモニアスリップを最小化する一方で、高いNOX変換を得るために、NOXとアンモニアとの最適な割合をもたらすためのアンモニアの量を制御するための手段と
を含む、燃焼機関または燃焼過程の酸素含有排気ガスからのNOX除去のためのシステム。 - 固体アンモニア貯蔵材料を含有するための容器と、
アンモニアの気相への光子活性化(非熱的)放出のための、電磁放射による前記アンモニア貯蔵材料を照射するための手段と、
NOX還元触媒の前に、前記容器から排気ラインにアンモニアガスを導入するための手段と、
前記機関の操作条件に応じて、前記排気ラインに導入されるアンモニアの量を制御するための手段と
を含む、アンモニアガスおよび還元触媒を使用することによって、燃焼機関または燃焼過程の酸素含有排気ガスにおけるNOXの選択的接触還元のためにアンモニアを提供するための装置。 - 自動車、トラック、列車、船舶または任意の他のモーター付機械に適用される、請求項15に記載のNOXの還元のために使用するための請求項21に記載の装置。
- 電気を発生させる発電装置に適用される、請求項15に記載のNOXの還元のために使用するための請求項21に記載の装置。
- イオン性塩の形態の化学錯体からのアンモニアの脱離のための電磁放射の使用。
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PCT/DK2007/000092 WO2007095955A1 (en) | 2006-02-27 | 2007-02-27 | A method of storing and delivering ammonia and the use of electromagnetic radiation for desorption of ammonia from a chemical complex |
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US (1) | US8578702B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1998874B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2009528482A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101454064A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007095955A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (23)
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WO2006081824A2 (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-10 | Amminex A/S | High density storage of ammonia |
US8968515B2 (en) | 2006-05-01 | 2015-03-03 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Methods for pretreating biomass |
US9206446B2 (en) | 2006-05-01 | 2015-12-08 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Extraction of solubles from plant biomass for use as microbial growth stimulant and methods related thereto |
ES2355274T3 (es) * | 2007-03-30 | 2011-03-24 | Amminex A/S | Sistema para almacenar amoniaco y liberar amoniaco de un material de almacenamiento y procedimiento para almacenar y liberar amoniaco. |
US9400064B2 (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2016-07-26 | Amminex A/S | Method and device for ammonia storage and delivery using in-situ re-saturation of a delivery unit |
DE102008001709A1 (de) * | 2008-05-13 | 2009-11-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung, System und Verfahren zur Bereitstellung eines Reduktionsmittel für ein System zur selektiven katalytischen Reduktion von Stickoxiden |
US20100078426A1 (en) * | 2008-10-01 | 2010-04-01 | Bob Xiaobin Li | Apparatus and method for maintaining a urea solution in a liquid state for treatment of diesel exhaust |
US8945245B2 (en) | 2009-08-24 | 2015-02-03 | The Michigan Biotechnology Institute | Methods of hydrolyzing pretreated densified biomass particulates and systems related thereto |
US10457810B2 (en) | 2009-08-24 | 2019-10-29 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Densified biomass products containing pretreated biomass fibers |
ES2529510T3 (es) | 2009-08-24 | 2015-02-20 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Productos de biomasa densificada y pretratada y procedimientos de fabricación y uso de los mismos |
FR2950651A1 (fr) | 2009-09-29 | 2011-04-01 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Dispositif d'injection dans une ligne d'echappement d'un agent reducteur gazeux |
FR2956156B1 (fr) | 2010-02-09 | 2016-02-12 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Dispositif d'injection dans une ligne d'echappement, d'un agent reducteur gazeux |
GB2478714A (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2011-09-21 | Gm Global Tech Operations Inc | Vehicle that heats reducing agent tank using microwaves |
FR2957970B1 (fr) | 2010-03-29 | 2013-01-11 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Dispositif d'injection dans une ligne d'echappement d'un agent reducteur gazeux |
MX341792B (es) | 2010-04-19 | 2016-09-02 | Univ Michigan State | Biomasa lignocelulósica digeribles y extractos y métodos para producir la misma. |
US8394177B2 (en) | 2010-06-01 | 2013-03-12 | Michigan Biotechnology Institute | Method of separating components from a gas stream |
WO2013082078A1 (en) | 2011-12-02 | 2013-06-06 | Cummins Inc. | Solid storage media charging with ammonia for use in selective catalytic reduction |
CN102720572B (zh) * | 2012-06-29 | 2016-06-29 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 排气管余热方式的活性物储氨供氨的后处理控制单元 |
CN102733912B (zh) * | 2012-06-29 | 2016-12-21 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种用于后处理控制单元的固体储氨材料的制备与填充方法 |
CN102733913B (zh) * | 2012-07-02 | 2016-07-20 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 双级余热方式储氨供氨的后处理控制单元 |
CN102935351B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-08-12 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 含有碳纤维的储氨混合物多孔固体样块及其制备方法 |
CN102744034B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-08-19 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 含有陶瓷纤维的高机械强度储氨混合物及其制备方法 |
US9914645B2 (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2018-03-13 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Process for making ammonia |
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US20010042378A1 (en) * | 1995-09-20 | 2001-11-22 | Pfister Dennis M. | Controlled production of ammonia |
US20020134074A1 (en) * | 2000-12-18 | 2002-09-26 | Georg Huthwohl | Exhaust gas purification system |
EP1374976A1 (de) * | 2002-06-20 | 2004-01-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Reaktor zur Umsetzung von Harnstoff in Ammoniak sowie Abgasreinigungsanlage |
WO2006012903A2 (en) * | 2004-08-03 | 2006-02-09 | Amminex A/S | A solid ammonia storage and delivery material |
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US638336A (en) * | 1899-07-10 | 1899-12-05 | Chicago Railway Equipment Co | Side bearing for railway-cars. |
DE19728343C5 (de) * | 1997-07-03 | 2013-02-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur selektiven katalytischen NOx-Reduktion |
DE10323591A1 (de) | 2003-05-16 | 2004-12-02 | E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Gases aus einem Sublimationsgut |
DE102004050763B4 (de) | 2004-10-16 | 2016-10-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Anordnung zur dynamischen Bereitstellung von Ammoniak zur NOx- Minderung |
WO2006081824A2 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-10 | Amminex A/S | High density storage of ammonia |
-
2007
- 2007-02-27 CN CNA2007800135242A patent/CN101454064A/zh active Pending
- 2007-02-27 WO PCT/DK2007/000092 patent/WO2007095955A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-02-27 JP JP2008555626A patent/JP2009528482A/ja active Pending
- 2007-02-27 EP EP07702510.4A patent/EP1998874B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-02-27 US US12/279,233 patent/US8578702B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20010042378A1 (en) * | 1995-09-20 | 2001-11-22 | Pfister Dennis M. | Controlled production of ammonia |
US20020134074A1 (en) * | 2000-12-18 | 2002-09-26 | Georg Huthwohl | Exhaust gas purification system |
EP1374976A1 (de) * | 2002-06-20 | 2004-01-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Reaktor zur Umsetzung von Harnstoff in Ammoniak sowie Abgasreinigungsanlage |
WO2006012903A2 (en) * | 2004-08-03 | 2006-02-09 | Amminex A/S | A solid ammonia storage and delivery material |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20090313976A1 (en) | 2009-12-24 |
WO2007095955A8 (en) | 2009-01-29 |
EP1998874B1 (en) | 2014-04-16 |
EP1998874A1 (en) | 2008-12-10 |
US8578702B2 (en) | 2013-11-12 |
WO2007095955A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
CN101454064A (zh) | 2009-06-10 |
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