JP2009504950A - Method and apparatus for clearing an obstacle on a bore crown during a boring process - Google Patents

Abstract

  The present invention is a method and apparatus for clearing an obstacle on a bore crown 1 during a boring process for drilling holes in the ground or rock, in particular during impact boring or rotary impact boring, whereby boring It relates to a method and apparatus in which a bore hole is formed by a bore crown 1 mounted on and connected to a rod 2 and actuated by a boring rod to produce a rotational movement and optionally an impact movement. According to the invention, when the bore crown 1 is obstructed and the continuation of the boring process and in particular another rotational movement of the bore crown 1 is prevented, the bore crown 1 undergoes a linear movement in a direction opposite to the boring direction by the boring rod 2. And the corresponding connection between the end of the boring rod 2 facing the bore crown 1 and the bore crown 1 during the boring process, independent of the rotary drive for performing the boring process. 7 and 9 are subjected to rotational movement in a direction opposite to the direction of rotational displacement. As a result, after clearing the obstacle on the bore crown 1, the bore hole can be easily bored.

Description

  The present invention provides a method for clearing a drill bit or bore crown during drilling of a hole in soil or rock material, in particular drilling or boring by impact or rotational impact, wherein the borehole is drill rod The present invention relates to a method formed by a drill bit mounted on and coupled to an assembly or a boring rod and actuated by a drill rod assembly to perform a rotational movement and optionally an impact movement. The present invention further provides a device for clearing a drill bit during drilling of a hole in soil or rock material, in particular during impact drilling or rotary impact drilling, wherein the drill bit is mounted on the drill rod assembly. And a device actuated by a drill rod assembly to perform a rotational movement and optionally an impact movement for the formation of a borehole.

  Forces and vibrations introduced during excavation in situations where boreholes are made in soil or rock material by impact or rotary impact excavation, especially in soil or ground or rock layers that are displaceable or movable relative to each other Thus, such displacement or movement of the rock layer inside the borehole may cause jamming or obstruction or sticking of the drill bit. In such a case, the drilling rotary drive or the boring device for creating the borehole generally overcomes the forces that occur during the movement of the rock layer, and therefore again is subject to drill bit interference. Is not dimensioned strong enough to release In the most preferred case, when such a failure of the drill bit occurs, at least from the drill bit left in the incomplete borehole, at least to reuse the drill rod assembly when performing a new drilling procedure It would be possible to separate the drill rod assembly. In the least preferred case, the drill rod assembly must also be left in the imperfect borehole and is therefore placed substantially immediately next to the imperfect borehole to achieve the required strength characteristics. In addition to the creation of new holes that must be made, it includes increased time, expense, and accordingly increases in gold and material are left in the borehole assembly, and in any case the interior of the borehole Will be caused by a drill bit that must be left behind.

  The purpose of the present invention is not to avoid any additional amount of time, gold and material required for the creation of a new bore, but also after the drill bit has been cleared, within the incomplete borehole. To provide a method and apparatus for clearing a drill bit failure during a drilling procedure to also allow easy continuation or completion of the bore.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the first defined type of method is drilling during drill bit or bore crown failures that prevent continuation of the drilling procedure and, in particular, any further rotational movement of the drill bit. Through the appropriate connection between the end of the drill rod assembly facing the bit and the drill bit, independent of the rotary drive for performing the drilling procedure, between the drilling procedure and the drill rod assembly Thus, the drill bit is essentially characterized by being exposed to a linear motion opposite to the drilling direction, as well as a rotational motion opposite to the direction of rotational motion. According to the present invention, when the drill bit is in the fault of the drill bit, it is only necessary to move straight through the drill rod assembly, independent of the above-mentioned, usually insufficiently strong rotary drive, in the direction opposite to the drilling direction. Drilling by at least partial retraction of the drill bit and the simultaneous achievement of the rotary movement, opposite to the drilling direction, because of being also exposed to the opposite rotary movement in the direction of the rotary movement between drilling procedures Removes or clears the jamming or sticking of the bit, thus allowing the continuation or completion of an incomplete borehole drilling procedure that was interrupted by the failure after the drill bit failure or jamming has been cleared be able to. In this situation, the linear drive applies a sufficiently strong pulling force on the drill rod assembly and thus on the drill bit, opposite to the drilling direction, and is therefore strong enough to cause the drill bit to be released in the straight direction of the borehole. Is expected. By additionally providing a suitable connection between the drill rod assembly and the drill bit, the drill bit further performs a drilling procedure and thus, for example, a jam or a jam caused by a slight movement of adjacent rock layers In order to allow the drill bit to disengage from the disturbed state, it is subjected to a rotational movement opposite to the direction of the rotational movement. To perform the drilling procedure, by providing said rotational motion opposite to the direction of the rotational motion, the drilling procedure is immediately removed when the drill bit failure is released without separating the drill bit from the drill rod assembly. Further guarantee that it can continue.

  In order to provide a particularly reliable connection that can be easily manufactured to simultaneously achieve a rotational movement while applying a pulling force to the drill rod assembly, according to a preferred embodiment, at least one helical or spiral shaped depression is provided. Alternatively, the connection between the drill bit and the end of the drill rod assembly facing the drill bit is realized via an adapter comprising a flat work or ridge and a complementary contour provided on the drill bit. It is proposed that the spiral or spiral shaped recess or planar work or ridge includes a large slope or pitch relative to the longitudinal axis of the drill rod assembly. A correspondingly strong pulling force on the drill rod assembly opposite to the drilling direction by providing at least one helical or spiral shaped connection or contour with a large pitch or inclination relative to the longitudinal axis of the drill rod assembly Appropriate force could also be applied during the drilling procedure to obtain a rotational motion opposite to the direction of the rotational motion.

  A drill bit recess or a correspondingly complementary drill rod assembly and / or adapter of the drill bit facing the drill bit to achieve a rotational force to release or clear the obstacle of the drill bit. In order to provide a proper distribution over the outer periphery of the end receiving the pocket hole, according to a further preferred embodiment, a plurality of spirals arranged uniformly around the periphery of the end facing the drill bit It is proposed that a conical or spiral shaped connection or contour is provided.

  In order to avoid excessive frictional forces in the area of the connection between the drill rod assembly and / or adapter and the drill bit, in particular during the movement procedure for clearing the drill bit obstacle, in a further preferred embodiment According to this, it is proposed that only point-wise engagement at several positions is provided in the region of the contour between the drill rod assembly or adapter and the drill bit. Such pointed engagement at several positions is sufficient to transmit the force necessary to simultaneously achieve a linear pulling motion and a rotational motion opposite to the rotational direction between drilling procedures, for example, Excessive frictional forces in the area of the connection between the drill bit and the drill rod assembly will allow the desired simultaneous achievement of the linear pulling motion and the rotational motion.

  In order to solve the first stated object, an apparatus of the type defined initially further comprises at least one spiral shape or spiral between the end of the drill rod assembly facing the drill bit and the drill bit. When the drill bit is retracted, when the drill rod assembly is retracted opposite to the drilling direction, and when moving linearly opposite to the drilling direction, the connection is actuated on the drill bit to In the meantime, it is substantially characterized by performing a rotational movement in a direction opposite to the rotational direction, independently of the rotational drive for performing the excavation procedure. Therefore, as already pointed out above, when performing a drilling procedure to clear the drill bit failure or jamming in a simple, reliable manner, the opposite of the direction of rotation and the linear pulling motion It would be possible to provide a suitable element for applying the rotational motion simultaneously.

  In order to obtain a precisely conforming embodiment that is easy to make, at least one spiral-shaped or helical connection was provided on the adapter located between the drill rod assembly and the drill bit. It is preferably proposed to be composed of a depression or ridge or a planar working part and a complementary contour provided on the drill bit.

  In order to ensure that the force is introduced evenly, optionally even a large force, according to a preferred embodiment, each is equally spaced between the drill rod assembly or adapter and the drill bit, respectively. It is proposed that a plurality of arranged spiral or spiral connections or contours are provided.

  In order to allow a reliable transmission of simultaneous pulling forces and rotational movements from the drill rod assembly to the drill bit, at least one helical shape is provided to correspond to a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention. It is further provided that the swirl-shaped connection or contour further comprises a large pitch or slope relative to the longitudinal axis of the drill rod assembly.

  As already pointed out above, the introduction of excessive frictional forces between the drill rod assembly and / or the adapter and the drill bit should be avoided as much as possible. In this situation, according to a further preferred embodiment, the plurality of substantially point-shaped or hemispherical ridges are one or more spiral-shaped or helical depressions on the end of the adapter facing the drill bit or It is proposed to be provided in the pocket hole of the drill bit for cooperating with one or more recesses.

  Due to the uniform distribution of forces on the entire periphery of both the adapter or drill rod assembly and the drill bit, according to a further preferred embodiment, a plurality of adjacent, spiral-shaped planar workpieces, respectively, Provided on the outer periphery of the adapter or drill rod assembly, and a complementary planar machining is provided in the pocket hole of the drill bit, said planar machining being polygonal, e.g. It is proposed to have an outline. Such helical polygons are easy to design and at the same time provide a reliable bond.

  For the reliable cooling and / or cleaning of the drill bit and / or adapter during the drilling procedure, the interior of the drill rod assembly and / or adapter to correspond to a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention It is further proposed that an exit channel or a drill channel for injecting into the working surface of the drill bit and / or the peripheral surface of the adapter or a passage channel for supplying cooling or cleaning fluid to the drill bit and / or the adapter is further proposed. Is done.

  To ensure reliable transport of the drilled material between drilling procedures and thus further reduce the possibility of drill bit failure or jamming during the implementation of the drilling procedure, Drill bit in a manner known per se in order to remove drilled material through an annular space between the outer periphery of the drill rod assembly and the inner wall of the fabricated borehole It is further preferably provided that it is provided on the outer periphery of the.

  In the following, the invention will be described in more detail by way of exemplary embodiments schematically illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

  1-4, it is clear that an adapter 3 is provided between a drill bit or bore crown, indicated generally at 1, and a drill rod assembly or boring rod, indicated generally at 2. The drill rod assembly 2 is connected to an adapter 3 via a screw connection, indicated generally at 4, which is shown separately in FIG.

  In particular, as can be seen from FIG. 5, the adapter 3 has a large pitch or relative to the longitudinal axis indicated generally at 8 in FIG. 3 at the outer periphery of its end 6 facing the drill bit 1. It includes a plurality of spiral or spiral-shaped depressions 7 having an inclination. A spiral or spiral-shaped depression or connection or contour 7 provided on the outer periphery of the end 6 of the adapter 3 cooperates with the point-shaped or hemispherical ridge 9 of the drill bit 1. Is shown in more detail in FIGS. 3 and 4 and allows a reliable fixation of the drill bit 1 to the adapter 3 and thus to the drill rod assembly 2.

  For example, in the case of a failure of the drill bit 1 during a drilling procedure caused by displacement or movement of a layer of rock in the area of the drill bit 1 and thus preventing the next continuation of the drilling procedure, the drill rod assembly 2, The adapter 3 as well as the drill bit 1 are thus subjected to a linear pull-out movement in the direction of the arrow 10 with a movement direction running opposite to the normal excavation or mining direction.

  To receive the free end 6 of the adapter 3, a corresponding ridge 9 provided inside the pocket hole 11 of the drill bit is provided with a spiral shape or helix provided on the adapter 3 or its end 6 facing the drill bit. Due to the cooperation of the dents 7, the rotational movement of the drill bit 1 along the spiral or spiral connection or contour 7 is simultaneously effected by applying an extraction movement 10, and thus the drill bit 1 The straight pull-out movement and the simultaneous rotary movement of the drill bit 1 allow the drill bit 1 to be released and released. Thus, after releasing the drill bit 1, via an adapter 3 inserted with known drive means that engages the end of the drill rod assembly 2 protruding from the borehole in a known manner, By properly operating the drill rod assembly 2 and thus the drill bit 1, the drilling procedure can be continued immediately.

  In order to provide a proper cooling or cleaning effect, both the drill rod assembly 2 and the adapter 3 further comprise a passage channel, indicated by 12 and 13, respectively, which passes through the respective outlet channel or the drill bit 1 or The hole 14 is open and then the hole 14 is injected onto the working surface 15 of the drill bit 1. Furthermore, the adapter 3 also comprises an outlet channel 16 that separates from the passage channel 13 to facilitate the transport of the drilled material.

  In order to remove the drilled material from the region of the working surface 15 of the drill bit 1, a passage opening 17 is further provided in the outer periphery of the drill bit 1. Furthermore, the drill bit 1 includes a suitable recess 18 in its outer periphery, which likewise allows for reliable removal of material from the region of the working surface 15 of the drill bit 1.

  Instead of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 comprising a plurality of peripherally distributed connecting elements formed by recesses 7 and ridges 9 when applying a linear pulling movement opposite to the drilling direction of the drill bit 1 There may be a single connection between the drilling procedures that provides the appropriate rotational motion in the opposite direction of the rotational motion.

  Instead of having a spiral or spiral recess 7 at the adapter 3 or its end 6, the drill bit 1 or pocket hole 11 was provided at the corresponding contour, in particular at the periphery of the end 6 of the adapter 3. Appropriate depressions or grooves that cooperate with the ridges may also be provided.

  Instead of the adapter 3 shown in the drawing, the end of the drill rod assembly 2 facing the drill bit cooperates with the corresponding contour of the drill bit 1, thus avoiding additional manufacturing costs for the adapter 3. A suitable spiral or spiral depression or ridge can be provided directly.

  When using the adapter 3, in particular, the conventional design of the drill rod assembly 1 may not have to be provided so that a special embodiment of the drill rod assembly 2 achieves simple fault clearing of the drill bit 1. If due to the nature of the material of the soil or rock to be drilled, the drill bit must be obstructed or jammed due to displacement or movement, the conventional drill rod assembly 2 is used to adapt the adapter 3 and the corresponding drill bit. By providing 1, the drilling procedure can be executed immediately, and in particular, the manufacture of special drill rod assembly elements can be dispensed with, thus facilitating inventory management.

  Again from the embodiment represented in FIGS. 6 and 7 of the adapter shown at 3, the adapter faces a drill bit not shown in detail, again at its end, also shown at 6, with a plurality of spirals. It is also clear in this case that a spiral-shaped planar processing part 19 is provided, and the planar processing part forms a polygonal shape, particularly a hexagonal outer shape in cross section, as is particularly clear from FIG. Drill not shown in detail, comprising the helical or spiral-shaped planar machining part 19 on the end 6 of the adapter 3 and each complementary planar machining part forming a polygonal shape By designing the pocket hole 11 in the bit, when the drill rod assembly and adapter 3 are withdrawn to release the secured drill bit 1 and allow the next completion of the borehole, in the direction opposite to the drilling direction Rotational motion can again be imparted to a drill bit not shown in detail in FIGS.

  Instead of the substantially hexagonal profile of the spiral polygon shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a correspondingly modified polygonal profile, including for example 4, 5, 7 or more ridges, is used. Of course you can.

  Furthermore, it is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 that adjacent planar working portions 19 are respectively connected by a round zone 20 defined by the outer periphery of the cylindrical end 6 of the adapter 3.

FIG. 2 is a top view of a drill bit of an apparatus according to the invention for carrying out the method of the invention. FIG. 2 is a rear view of the drill bit shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 1. 4 is a cross-sectional view along line IV-IV of FIG. 1 in a view similar to that of FIG. 5 is a side view of a first embodiment of an adapter used between a drill bit and a drill rod assembly according to FIGS. 1-4. FIG. FIG. 6 is a side view of a modified embodiment of an adapter used between a drill bit and a drill rod assembly in a view similar to that of FIG. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view along line VII-VII in FIG. 6 on an enlarged scale relative to FIG.

Claims (12)

  Mounted on the drill rod assembly (2) in a manner for unscrewing the drill bit (1) during drilling of holes in soil or rock material, in particular during impact drilling or rotary impact drilling, and A method in which a borehole is formed by a drill bit (1) connected to it and actuated by a drill rod assembly (2) to perform a rotational movement and optionally an impact movement, comprising a drilling procedure and, in particular, Between the end of the drill rod assembly (2) facing the drill bit (1) and the drill bit (1) in the event of a failure of the drill bit (1) which prevents any further rotational movement of the drill bit (1) During the drilling procedure via the appropriate connection (7, 9) of the drill bit (1) independently of the rotary drive for carrying out the drilling procedure But through the drill rod assembly (2), characterized in that it is subjected to rotational motion in the opposite direction to the direction of drilling opposite linear motion, as well as rotational movement direction, method.   The connection between the end of the drill rod assembly (2) facing the drill bit (1) and the drill bit (1) is at least one spiral or spiral shaped recess or planar workpiece (19) or ridge (7) including an adapter (3) and a complementary contour (9) provided on the drill bit (1), the spiral or spiral shaped depression or planar processing part ( 19) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that 19) or the ridge (7) comprises a large inclination or pitch with respect to the longitudinal axis of the drill rod assembly (2).   Characterized in that a plurality of spiral or spiral contours (7, 9, 19) are provided, uniformly arranged around the outer periphery of the end facing the drill bit (1), The method of claim 2.   Only pointed engagement is provided at some positions in the region of the contour (7, 9, 19) between the drill rod assembly (2) or adapter (3) and the drill bit (1) The method according to claim 1, 2, or 3.   A drill bit (1) is provided as a device for relieving obstacles on a drill bit (1) during drilling of holes in soil or rock material, in particular during impact drilling or rotary impact drilling. (2) a device mounted on and actuated by a drill rod assembly (2) for performing a rotational movement and optionally an impact movement to form a borehole, the drill facing the drill bit (1) At least one spiral or spiral connection (7) is provided between the end of the rod assembly (2) and the drill bit (1), and in the event of a drill bit (1) failure, opposite the drilling direction When retracting the drill rod assembly (2) as well as when moving linearly opposite the drilling direction, the connection (7) is actuated on the drill bit (1) and the drilling procedure During, independently of the rotary drive apparatus for performing a drilling procedure, it executes a rotational movement in the opposite direction to the rotation direction, device.   A recess or ridge (7) or planar workpiece provided at least one spiral-shaped or helical connection on an adapter (3) arranged between the drill rod assembly (2) and the drill bit (1) 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that it consists of (19) and a complementary contour (9) provided on the drill bit (1).   Between the drill rod assembly (2) or adapter (3) and the drill bit (1), there are a plurality of spiral or spiral contours (7, 9, 19) respectively arranged at equal intervals. Device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that it is provided.   8. The 5, 6 or 7 characterized in that the at least one spiral or spiral shaped connection or contour (7, 19) comprises a large pitch or inclination with respect to the longitudinal axis of the drill rod assembly. The device described.   A plurality of substantially point-shaped or hemispherical ridges (9), wherein the end (6) of the adapter (3) facing the drill bit is one or more indentations or one or more 9. Device according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that it is provided in a pocket hole (11) of a drill bit (1) for cooperating with a recess (7).   A plurality of adjacent, spiral-shaped planar workpieces (19) are provided on the outer periphery of the adapter (3) or drill rod assembly (2), respectively, and complementary planar workpieces are provided on the drill bit (1). 9. The pocket hole (11) according to claim 5, characterized in that the planar working part has a polygonal, for example hexagonal profile, with respect to the cross section. The device described.   Inside the drill rod assembly (2) and / or adapter (3), an exit channel or drill bit (1) which is injected into the working surface (15) of the drill bit (1) and / or the peripheral surface of the adapter (3) 11) A passage channel (12, 13) for supplying cooling or cleaning fluid to the holes (14, 16) and / or the adapter (3) is provided. A device according to claim 1.   In essence, in a known manner, a recess or recess (18) and / or a passage opening (17) is formed between the outer periphery of the drill rod assembly (2) and the inner wall of the produced borehole. 12. Device according to any one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that it is provided on the outer periphery of the drill bit (1) for removing drilled material through the space.

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