JP2009303191A - Method of encrypting image information, device for encrypting image information, and computer program for encrypting image - Google Patents

Method of encrypting image information, device for encrypting image information, and computer program for encrypting image Download PDF

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JP2009303191A
JP2009303191A JP2008196933A JP2008196933A JP2009303191A JP 2009303191 A JP2009303191 A JP 2009303191A JP 2008196933 A JP2008196933 A JP 2008196933A JP 2008196933 A JP2008196933 A JP 2008196933A JP 2009303191 A JP2009303191 A JP 2009303191A
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image information
fourier transform
information data
key
order fourier
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JP5115930B2 (en
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Hiroyuki Yoshimura
博幸 吉村
Reiko Iwai
玲子 岩井
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Chiba University NUC
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simpler and easier method of encrypting image information, a device for encrypting image information using the method, and furthermore a computer program for embodying the method and the device. <P>SOLUTION: The device for encrypting image information 1 has an image information data storage section 11 to store image information data and a key generation section 12 to perform fractional Fourier transform based on the image information data and generate a key. The computer program is configured to make a computer function as an image information data storage means for storing image information data and a key generating means for performing fractional Fourier transform based on the image information data and generating a key. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

近年、社会の情報化が進むにつれて、様々な機能を電子化する試みが行われている一方、電子化した情報の秘密性確保が問題となっている。電子化された情報の秘密性確保に関しては、指紋、虹彩、静脈パターン等個人特有ないわゆるバイオメトリクス個人情報を使用してその電子化された情報等へのアクセスを制限する等の試みが行われているが、この情報自体も秘密にすべき情報である場合が多く、このような情報も暗号化する必要がある。   In recent years, as the computerization of society progresses, attempts have been made to digitize various functions, while ensuring the confidentiality of the digitized information has become a problem. In order to ensure the confidentiality of computerized information, attempts have been made to limit access to the computerized information using so-called biometric personal information unique to individuals, such as fingerprints, irises, and vein patterns. However, this information itself is often information that should be kept secret, and such information also needs to be encrypted.

暗号化するための方法として、共通鍵暗号方式、公開鍵暗号方式といった方法があり、例えば公開鍵暗号方式として下記非特許文献1にはいわゆるRSA暗号が開示されている。
R.Rivestら、“A method for obtaining digital signatures and bublic−key cryptosystems”、Communications of the ACM、Vol.21,No.2,pp120−126、1978
As a method for encryption, there are a common key cryptosystem and a public key cryptosystem. For example, Non-Patent Document 1 below discloses a so-called RSA cipher as a public key cryptosystem.
R. Rivest et al., “A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems”, Communications of the ACM, Vol. 21, no. 2, pp120-126, 1978

しかしながら、上記非特許文献1に記載の技術は複雑であり、より簡便な方法による暗号化であることが望まれている。   However, the technique described in Non-Patent Document 1 is complicated, and it is desired to perform encryption by a simpler method.

そこで、本発明は上記課題を鑑み、より簡便な画像情報暗号化方法、それを用いた画像情報暗号化装置、更にはそれを実現するためのコンピュータプログラムを提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a simpler image information encryption method, an image information encryption apparatus using the image information encryption method, and a computer program for realizing the method.

本発明者らは、上記課題を鑑み、鋭意検討を行ったところ、画像情報データに対して非整数次フーリエ変換を行うことで、その次数を鍵として用いることが可能となり、また逆にその鍵を用いることで元の画像を取得することができる点に着目し本発明を完成させることに至った。   The inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies in view of the above problems, and by performing non-integer order Fourier transform on image information data, the order can be used as a key. Focusing on the fact that the original image can be acquired by using the method, the present invention has been completed.

即ち、本発明の一手段に係る画像情報暗号化方法は、画像情報データに対し非整数次フーリエ変換を行うことを特徴とする。   That is, an image information encryption method according to one means of the present invention is characterized in that non-integer order Fourier transform is performed on image information data.

また、本発明の他の一手段に係る画像情報暗号化装置は、画像情報データを格納する画像情報データ格納部と、画像情報データに基づき非整数次フーリエ変換を行い、鍵を生成する鍵生成部と、を有する。   According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image information encryption device, an image information data storage unit for storing image information data, and a key generation for generating a key by performing non-integer order Fourier transform based on the image information data. Part.

また、本発明の他の一手段に係るコンピュータプログラムは、コンピュータに、画像情報データを格納する画像情報データ格納手段と、画像情報データに基づき非整数次フーリエ変換を行い、鍵を生成する鍵生成手段として機能させる。   According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer program comprising: an image information data storage unit that stores image information data in a computer; and a key generation that performs a non-integer order Fourier transform based on the image information data to generate a key. It functions as a means.

以上、本発明により、より簡便な画像情報暗号化方法、それを用いた画像情報暗号化装置、更にはそれを実現するためのコンピュータプログラムを提供することができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a simpler image information encryption method, an image information encryption apparatus using the image information encryption method, and a computer program for realizing the method.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を用いて説明するが、本発明は多くの異なる形態による実施が可能であり、以下に示す実施形態、実施例の記載にのみ制限されるものではない。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms, and is not limited only to the description of the following embodiments and examples. .

本実施形態は、画像情報暗号化装置(以下「本暗号化装置」という。)に係るものであり、図1は本暗号化装置についての機能ブロック図である。本に係る暗号化装置1は、画像情報データを格納する画像情報データ格納部11と、画像情報データに基づき非整数次フーリエ変換を行い、鍵を生成する鍵生成部12と、を有する。   The present embodiment relates to an image information encryption apparatus (hereinafter referred to as “the present encryption apparatus”), and FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of the encryption apparatus. The encryption device 1 according to the present book includes an image information data storage unit 11 that stores image information data, and a key generation unit 12 that performs non-integer order Fourier transform based on the image information data and generates a key.

本暗号化装置は、いわゆるパーソナルコンピュータ等の情報処理装置のハードディスク等の記録媒体に、暗号化を実行させるためコンピュータプログラムを格納させ、これを実際に実行させることで暗号化装置として機能させることができる。したがって、上記構成のほか、画像等必要な情報を表示させるためのモニタ、計算処理を行わせるためのCPU、CPUが計算するために必要なデータを一時記憶させるためのメモリ、電気通信回線を通じて情報を含むデータを送受信するためのモデムなど情報処理のために一般的に必要とされるものも有していることが好ましい。   The encryption apparatus can store a computer program for executing encryption in a recording medium such as a hard disk of an information processing apparatus such as a so-called personal computer, and can function as an encryption apparatus by actually executing the program. it can. Therefore, in addition to the above configuration, a monitor for displaying necessary information such as an image, a CPU for performing calculation processing, a memory for temporarily storing data necessary for calculation by the CPU, and information through a telecommunication line It is preferable to have what is generally required for information processing, such as a modem for transmitting and receiving data including.

本暗号化装置において、画像情報データ格納部11は、画像情報データを格納する。格納される画像情報データの元となる画像情報としては、例えば指紋、虹彩、静脈パターン等の二次元の画像情報であることが好ましいが、これに制限されるわけではない。   In this encryption apparatus, the image information data storage unit 11 stores image information data. The image information that is the basis of the stored image information data is preferably two-dimensional image information such as a fingerprint, an iris, and a vein pattern, but is not limited thereto.

本暗号化装置において、鍵生成部12は、画像情報データに基づき非整数次フーリエ変換を行い、鍵を生成する。ここで、非整数次フーリエ変換は、例えば下記式で行われることが好ましい。なお下記式中、u(x)は入力関数、pは次数である。
In this encryption apparatus, the key generation unit 12 performs a non-integer order Fourier transform based on the image information data to generate a key. Here, the non-integer order Fourier transform is preferably performed by, for example, the following equation. In the following formula, u (x) is an input function, and p is an order.

この非整数次フーリエ変換において、次数pは鍵とすることができる。   In this non-integer order Fourier transform, the order p can be a key.

ここで、本暗号化装置の具体的な処理について説明する。ここでは一例として人間の指紋を画像情報としている場合について説明する。図2に指紋画像の例を示す。   Here, specific processing of the encryption apparatus will be described. Here, a case where a human fingerprint is used as image information will be described as an example. FIG. 2 shows an example of a fingerprint image.

この指紋画像情報は、x座標(行方向の位置)、y座標(列方向の位置)及びその輝度(例えば0〜255の間の整数値)を含むデータの集合として把握され、二次元の画像情報データとして画像情報データ格納部11に格納される。   This fingerprint image information is grasped as a set of data including the x coordinate (position in the row direction), the y coordinate (position in the column direction) and the luminance (for example, an integer value between 0 and 255), and is a two-dimensional image. It is stored in the image information data storage unit 11 as information data.

次に鍵作成部12は、画像情報データの各行に対して非整数次フーリエ変換を行う(行方向の非整数次フーリエ変換)。この際、鍵生成部12は、次数pを暗号の鍵として使用する。この鍵は非整数次フーリエ変換を行うために必要なものであり、鍵生成部12が無作為に作成して鍵とすることも可能であるし、本暗号化装置のユーザーに入力するよう要求し、その入力データを次数とすることも可能である。なお、図3に、図2におけるLine1における各画素の輝度分布を示し、図4、図5にその非整数次フーリエ変換後の結果を示しておく。なお図3において横軸はx座標を、縦軸は輝度をそれぞれ示す。また図4において横軸はxp座標を、縦軸は振幅をそれぞれ示す。さらに図5において横軸はxp座標を、縦軸は位相をそれぞれ示す。なお、ここで行う非整数次フーリエ変換において、次数pは、行ごとに同じであってもよいが、行ごとに異なっていてもよい。同じであれば鍵の簡易化を図ることが可能となり、行ごとに異ならせることで暗号の高度化を図ることができる。 Next, the key creation unit 12 performs non-integer order Fourier transform on each row of the image information data (non-integer order Fourier transform in the row direction). At this time, the key generation unit 12 uses the degree p as an encryption key. This key is necessary for performing the non-integer order Fourier transform, and can be randomly generated by the key generation unit 12 and used as a key, or requested to be input to the user of the encryption apparatus. However, the input data can be the order. 3 shows the luminance distribution of each pixel in Line 1 in FIG. 2, and FIGS. 4 and 5 show the results after the non-integer order Fourier transform. In FIG. 3, the horizontal axis represents the x coordinate, and the vertical axis represents the luminance. In FIG. 4, the horizontal axis represents the xp coordinate, and the vertical axis represents the amplitude. Further, in FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents the xp coordinate, and the vertical axis represents the phase. In the non-integer order Fourier transform performed here, the order p may be the same for each row, but may be different for each row. If they are the same, it is possible to simplify the key, and it is possible to enhance the encryption by making it different for each row.

また、本暗号化装置では、更に、この結果に対して列毎に非整数次フーリエ変換を行うことが暗号化の高度化の観点から好ましい。この場合において非整数次フーリエ変換における次数は同じでもよいが異なっていてもよい。同じであれば鍵の簡易化を図ることが可能となり、行ごとに異ならせることで暗号のより高度化を図ることができる。   Further, in this encryption apparatus, it is preferable to perform non-integer order Fourier transform for each column on this result from the viewpoint of advanced encryption. In this case, the orders in the non-integer order Fourier transform may be the same or different. If they are the same, it becomes possible to simplify the key, and it is possible to further enhance the encryption by making it different for each row.

この結果、暗号化された画像情報データを作成することができる。なお、この画像情報と鍵とを用いることで逆非整数次フーリエ変換を行い、復号化できる。   As a result, encrypted image information data can be created. By using this image information and key, inverse non-integer order Fourier transform can be performed and decoded.

なお、本実施形態においては、各画素が強度のみのいわゆる白黒画像で説明しているが、例えば赤(R)、緑(G)、青(B)等の色ごとの輝度分布として把握し、カラー画像にも応用することができる。   In the present embodiment, each pixel is described as a so-called black and white image whose intensity is only, but for example, it is grasped as a luminance distribution for each color such as red (R), green (G), blue (B), It can also be applied to color images.

以上の通り、本暗号化装置により、より簡便な画像情報暗号化方法、それを用いた画像情報暗号化装置、更にはそれを実現するためのコンピュータプログラムを提供することができる。   As described above, this encryption apparatus can provide a simpler image information encryption method, an image information encryption apparatus using the same, and a computer program for realizing the image information encryption apparatus.

また本暗号化装置は、上記のとおりコンピュータを用いて実現することができるが、光学的に暗号化することもできる。具体的には、画像情報に対応した二次元情報のうち、一行分又は一列分の情報を含む光を所定距離置いて配置した少なくとも一つのレンズを透過させてこの透過した光複素振幅の行又は列を暗号化後の画像情報として取得することで可能となる。この取得した暗号化後の画像情報は例えばホログラム等の記録媒体にデータとして格納させることができる。なおこの場合、暗号化前の画像情報の発光源とレンズの中心との距離、レンズの中心と暗号化された画像情報の取得位置の距離、レンズの焦点距離が鍵として使用できる(例えば図6参照)。   The encryption apparatus can be realized by using a computer as described above, but can also be optically encrypted. Specifically, out of the two-dimensional information corresponding to the image information, light including information for one row or one column is transmitted through at least one lens arranged at a predetermined distance, and the row of the transmitted light complex amplitude or This is possible by acquiring the sequence as encrypted image information. This acquired encrypted image information can be stored as data in a recording medium such as a hologram. In this case, the distance between the light source of image information before encryption and the center of the lens, the distance between the center of the lens and the acquisition position of the encrypted image information, and the focal length of the lens can be used as keys (for example, FIG. 6). reference).

本発明は、画像情報暗号化方法、画像情報暗号化装置、そのためのコンピュータプログラムとして産業上の利用可能性がある。   The present invention has industrial applicability as an image information encryption method, an image information encryption device, and a computer program therefor.

実施形態に係る画像情報暗号化装置の機能ブロックを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the functional block of the image information encryption apparatus which concerns on embodiment. 画像情報の一例としての指紋画像情報を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the fingerprint image information as an example of image information. 図3におけるLine1の輝度分布についての概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram about the luminance distribution of Line1 in FIG. 図3におけるLine1の輝度分布に対して非整数次フーリエ変換を行った結果についての概念図(振幅分布)である。It is a conceptual diagram (amplitude distribution) about the result of having performed the non-integer order Fourier transform with respect to the luminance distribution of Line1 in FIG. 図3におけるLine1の輝度分布に対して非整数次フーリエ変換を行った結果についての概念図(位相分布)である。It is a conceptual diagram (phase distribution) about the result of having performed the non-integer order Fourier transform with respect to the luminance distribution of Line1 in FIG. 光学的に暗号化する方法についての概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram about the method to optically encrypt.

Claims (9)

画像情報データに対し非整数次フーリエ変換を行う画像情報暗号化方法。   An image information encryption method for performing non-integer order Fourier transform on image information data. 前記非整数次フーリエ変換は、下記式で示されるものである請求項1記載の画像情報暗号化方法。
The image information encryption method according to claim 1, wherein the non-integer order Fourier transform is represented by the following equation.
前記非整数次フーリエ変換における次数pを鍵とする請求項2記載の画像情報暗号化方法。   3. The image information encryption method according to claim 2, wherein the order p in the non-integer order Fourier transform is used as a key. 画像情報データを格納する画像情報データ格納部と、
前記画像情報データに基づき非整数次フーリエ変換を行い、鍵を生成する鍵生成部と、を有する画像情報暗号化装置。
An image information data storage unit for storing image information data;
An image information encryption apparatus comprising: a key generation unit that generates a key by performing non-integer order Fourier transform based on the image information data.
前記非整数次フーリエ変換は、下記式で示されるものである請求項4記載の画像情報暗号化装置。
The image information encryption apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the non-integer order Fourier transform is represented by the following formula.
前記非整数次フーリエ変換における次数pを鍵とする請求項5記載の画像情報暗号化装置。   6. The image information encryption device according to claim 5, wherein the order p in the non-integer order Fourier transform is used as a key. コンピュータに、
画像情報データを格納する画像情報データ格納手段と、
前記画像情報データに基づき非整数次フーリエ変換を行い、鍵を生成する鍵生成手段と、して機能させるためのコンピュータプログラム。
On the computer,
Image information data storage means for storing image information data;
A computer program for functioning as key generation means for generating a key by performing non-integer order Fourier transform based on the image information data.
前記非整数次フーリエ変換は、下記式で示されるものである請求項7記載のコンピュータプログラム。
The computer program according to claim 7, wherein the non-integer order Fourier transform is represented by the following formula.
前記非整数次フーリエ変換における次数pを鍵とする請求項8記載のコンピュータプログラム。   The computer program according to claim 8, wherein the order p in the non-integer order Fourier transform is used as a key.
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CN101827060A (en) * 2010-03-30 2010-09-08 北京理工大学 Adaptive modulation-demodulation method base on fractional order Fourier transform
CN104134184A (en) * 2014-07-21 2014-11-05 浙江农林大学 Image encryption method based on iteration phase cutting fractional Fourier transform
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CN112016112A (en) * 2020-09-08 2020-12-01 中国人民解放军海军航空大学 Method for encrypting image by compounding Fourier transform and differential transform
CN112016112B (en) * 2020-09-08 2022-02-15 中国人民解放军海军航空大学 Method for encrypting image by compounding Fourier transform and differential transform

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