JP2009293478A - Swash plate compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a swash plate compressor provided with a new mechanism capable of greatly reducing friction at a power transmission part from a swash plate to a piston neck and loss caused by the friction while avoiding the generation of a friction force between a piston rotation prevention part and a housing. <P>SOLUTION: In the swash plate compressor including a relative rotation allowing mechanism between the swash plate and a piston and including a piston rotation prevention mechanism, a bearing is provided at an outer edge of the swash plate, and the relative rotation allowing mechanism and the rotation prevention mechanism are constituted by the contact of the bearing outer ring and the piston neck. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a swash plate compressor, and more particularly to a novel structure of a mechanism portion that converts the rotational movement of a swash plate into the reciprocating motion of a piston.

  In the swash plate compressor, the rotational motion of the swash plate that rotates together with the drive shaft is converted into the reciprocating motion of the piston. When this motion conversion is performed, a relative rotation allowance mechanism is required between the swash plate and the piston. At the same time, a mechanism for preventing the rotation of the piston inserted in the cylinder bore so as to freely reciprocate is required. As a relative rotation permissible mechanism between the swash plate and the piston, for example, a mechanism that converts the rotational movement of the swash plate into the reciprocating motion of the piston via a pair of shoes that are in sliding contact with both side surfaces of the outer peripheral portion of the swash plate. As a piston rotation prevention mechanism, for example, the outer surface of the piston neck in the radial direction of the compressor is slid against the inner surface of the housing, and the neck of the piston is allowed to reciprocate. A mechanism for preventing the rotation of the piston at the portion is known.

For example, in Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 4, in a swash plate compressor 101, a swash plate 103 that rotates together with a drive shaft 102 is disposed in a crank chamber 104. It is converted into a reciprocating motion of the piston 106 through a pair of shoes 105 slidably in contact with 103. The piston 106 is inserted into the cylinder bore 107 so as to be able to reciprocate. A portion that forms the outer surface in the compressor radial direction of the neck portion 108 of the piston 106 is configured as the rotation prevention portion 109, and is formed on the inner surface of the housing 110. The rotation of the piston 106 is prevented by sliding against the piston 106.
JP 2000-97151 A

  However, the conventional piston rotation prevention mechanism as described above may cause the following problems with respect to sliding between the piston neck 108 and the inner surface of the housing 110. That is, during one rotation of the compressor 101, there are two times when the sliding speed between the rotation prevention portion 109 of the piston neck portion 108 and the inner surface of the housing 110 becomes zero (piston top dead center and bottom dead center). When responding to points). Thus, when the sliding speed is low, it is difficult to form a fluid lubrication state with a lubricating oil or the like between them (problem of lubricating oil film breakage), and contact friction between solids easily occurs. When such solid contact friction occurs, it causes an increase in frictional resistance and a possibility of causing wear between the two. In Patent Document 1, an improved structure of the inner surface of the housing on which the piston neck is slid is shown. However, this improved structure only contributes to an improvement in the productivity and weight reduction of the housing, and It does not contribute to reducing sliding resistance. Further, the above-mentioned problem still remains with respect to the sliding friction between the piston side, that is, between the pair of shoes and the swash plate. Furthermore, if the friction at this portion is large, the power loss increases, leading to an increase in compressor drive power loss.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to focus on the problems in the conventional structure as described above, while avoiding the generation of frictional force between the piston rotation prevention portion and the housing, and further in the friction in the power transmission portion from the swash plate to the piston neck. Another object of the present invention is to provide a swash plate compressor having a novel mechanism capable of greatly reducing loss due to friction.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a swash plate compressor according to the present invention allows relative rotation between a swash plate and a piston in order to convert the rotational motion of the swash plate rotated together with the drive shaft into the reciprocating motion of the piston. In a swash plate type compressor having a mechanism and a piston rotation prevention mechanism, a bearing is provided at an outer edge of the swash plate, and the relative rotation permissible mechanism and the rotation are brought about by contact between the outer ring of the bearing and the neck of the piston. It consists of what is characterized by having comprised the prevention mechanism together.

  In other words, the conventional sliding (sliding) mechanism for power transmission from the swash plate to the piston neck is abolished by a bearing provided at the outer edge of the swash plate, and it is replaced with a power transmission mechanism via rolling. is there. Therefore, there is no sliding friction in this part, and rolling friction is generated, so that frictional force and friction loss are greatly reduced, and the problem of running out of the lubricating oil film is eliminated, and a good lubricating state is naturally maintained. Become. At the same time, the contact between the outer ring of the bearing and the neck of the piston makes it possible to prevent the rotation of the piston. Therefore, by sliding with the inner surface of the housing formed on the outer surface of the conventional piston neck. It is possible to eliminate the rotation preventing portion, and it is possible to avoid all problems that may have occurred due to sliding with the inner surface of the housing.

  In such a swash plate compressor according to the present invention, it is preferable that the surface of the piston on the side opposite to the bearing of the neck portion is not in contact with the housing. In the conventional mechanism, the outer surface side of the neck of the piston forms a sliding surface with the inner surface of the housing, thereby preventing the piston from rotating. By adopting the non-contact state, the sliding friction generated in this portion can be completely avoided, and problems such as the loss of the lubricating oil film that have occurred accompanying this can be completely avoided.

  Further, it is possible to adopt a structure in which the inner ring of the bearing is fitted to the outer edge of the swash plate. In principle, a mechanism without an inner ring is also possible, but it is easier to handle the bearing as a component and to install the bearing by providing an inner ring and the inner ring fitted to the outer edge of the swash plate. The state can be stably maintained in a desired state.

  Further, the swash plate compressor according to the present invention can be applied to both a fixed capacity compressor in which the inclination angle of the swash plate is constant and a variable capacity compressor in which the inclination angle of the swash plate is variable.

  The use mode of the swash plate compressor according to the present invention is not particularly limited. However, the vehicle air conditioner is required to have low driving power and excellent durability over a long period of time in order to reduce vehicle fuel consumption. It is particularly suitable when used.

  According to the swash plate compressor according to the present invention, a bearing is provided on the outer edge of the swash plate so that the relative rotation permission mechanism between the swash plate and the piston and the rotation prevention mechanism of the piston can be configured together. It is possible to prevent the rotation of the piston without using the sliding with the housing as in the conventional mechanism, and therefore without generating the frictional resistance for preventing the rotation with the housing, and The rotational motion of the plate is converted to the reciprocating motion of the piston through the rolling of the bearing, and the frictional resistance can be greatly reduced compared to the conventional sliding mechanism, and these parts as a whole are excellent in maintaining a good lubrication state. While achieving the operating state and durability, it is possible to greatly reduce the friction loss and the power loss of the compressor.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an engagement state between a swash plate and a piston of a swash plate compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention. Since the basic configuration of the entire swash plate compressor is the same as that of the conventional structure shown in FIG. 4, the engagement between the swash plate and the piston, which is an improved portion according to the present invention, will be described here.

  In FIG. 1, 1 indicates a swash plate, and 2 indicates a piston. A bearing 3 is provided at the outer edge portion of the swash plate 1. In this embodiment, the bearing 3 has a large number of rollers 6 (cylindrical or cylindrical rollers) in the circumferential direction between the outer ring 4 and the inner ring 5. It is organized into an array. The inner ring 5 of the bearing 3 is fitted (for example, press-fitted) to the outer edge portion of the swash plate 1, and the bearing 3 is fixed to the swash plate 1 at a predetermined position. It can be rotated with a small resistance. The outer ring 4 of the bearing 3 is brought into contact with the inner surface of the neck portion 7 of the piston 2.

  As described above, the swash plate 1 (FIG. 2A) in the present invention in which the bearing 3 is fitted to the outer edge portion, and the swash plate 103 having a simple disc structure as shown in FIG. B)) is compared and shown in FIG. In the conventional structure, both side surfaces of the outer peripheral portion of the swash plate 103 are slidable contact surfaces with a pair of shoes 105 (shown in FIG. 4), and the rotational movement of the swash plate 103 is caused by the piston 106 (through this slidable contact). In this embodiment, since the outer ring 4 of the bearing 3 can freely rotate relative to the rotating swash plate 1, this relative rotation allowing mechanism is used. Thus, the rotational motion of the swash plate 1 is converted into the reciprocating motion of the piston 2.

  Further, the piston 106 (FIG. 3B) provided with the rotation preventing portion 109 of the piston neck 108 by sliding with the inner surface of the housing 110 as shown in FIG. 4 and the piston 2 (FIG. 3) in the present invention. 3 (A)) is shown in FIG. In the conventional structure, in order to prevent the rotation of the piston 106, it is necessary to form the rotation prevention portion 109 that slides with the inner surface of the housing 110 in the piston neck portion 108. In this embodiment, such a rotation prevention portion is provided. It is not necessary to provide the piston neck portion 7, and the rotation of the piston 2 is prevented by the outer ring 4 of the bearing 3 that contacts the inner surface of the piston neck portion 7. Therefore, by providing the bearing 3 at the outer edge portion of the swash plate 1, both a relative rotation permission mechanism between the swash plate 1 and the piston 2 and a rotation prevention mechanism of the piston 1 are configured.

  Thus, in the above embodiment, the conventional sliding (sliding contact) mechanism for power transmission from the swash plate to the piston neck can be abolished, and power transmission via the rolling of the bearing 3 can be performed. Since there is no sliding friction at the part and it becomes rolling friction, the frictional force and friction loss are greatly reduced. Further, because of rolling friction, the problem of running out of the lubricating oil film is substantially eliminated, and a good lubricating state is naturally maintained. At the same time, since the rotation prevention mechanism of the piston 1 is configured by the contact between the outer ring 4 of the bearing 3 and the inner surface of the piston neck portion 7, the conventional rotation prevention portion by sliding with the inner surface of the housing is used as the piston neck portion. There is no need to provide it, and all problems due to sliding with the inner surface of the housing are avoided. Furthermore, since the piston neck 7 can be thinned, the weight of the piston 2 and, consequently, the weight of the compressor can be reduced.

  In the present invention, in order to reduce friction and wear between the outer edge of the bearing and the piston neck, the outer edge of the bearing has an outer R shape that swells outward, and the sliding surface of the piston neck has an outer R shape. In addition, an inner R shape that is recessed inward may be used, and for the same purpose, at least one of these R shape surfaces may be subjected to an appropriate surface treatment.

  The swash plate compressor according to the present invention can be applied to any piston compressor provided with a swash plate, and is particularly suitable for use in a vehicle air conditioner.

It is a perspective view which shows the engagement state of the swash plate and piston of the swash plate type compressor which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the swash plate (A) of FIG. 1, and the conventional swash plate (B). It is a perspective view of the piston (A) of FIG. 1 and the conventional piston (B). It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the conventional swash plate type compressor.

Explanation of symbols

1 Swash plate 2 Piston 3 Bearing 4 Outer ring 5 Inner ring 6 Roller 7 Piston neck

Claims (6)

  In order to convert the rotational movement of the swash plate rotated together with the drive shaft into the reciprocating motion of the piston, in the swash plate type compressor having a relative rotation permissible mechanism between the swash plate and the piston and a rotation prevention mechanism of the piston, A swash plate compressor characterized in that a bearing is provided at an outer edge portion of a swash plate, and the relative rotation permission mechanism and the rotation prevention mechanism are both configured by contact between an outer ring of the bearing and a neck portion of a piston.   The swash plate compressor according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the piston on the side opposite to the bearing of the neck portion is in a non-contact state with respect to the housing.   The swash plate compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an inner ring of the bearing is fitted to an outer edge portion of the swash plate.   The swash plate type compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a fixed capacity compressor.   The swash plate type compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a variable capacity compressor.   The swash plate type compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is used in a vehicle air conditioner.

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