JP2009287490A - Sterling engine using reciprocating flow turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a maintenance-free sterling engine structure that can be used even in severe working condition, and has a simple and robust structure, without using helium gas without requiring crank mechanism or the like, without using a power piston and displacer. <P>SOLUTION: An air chamber is partitioned into an air chamber (A) and an air chamber (B) by a bulkhead, and a reciprocating flow turbine is provided on the bulkhead. A fan at an upper end of the air chamber (A), and a flow passage switching valve at an upper part of the fan are disposed on the same axis line as that of the reciprocating flow turbine. Flow passages are formed from the flow passage switching valve to a heater and a cooler respectively. Further flow passages are formed from exhaust ports of the heater and the cooler to the air chamber (A) respectively. An acting member is provided on the same axis line as lower part of the reciprocating flow turbine provided on the bulkhead. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a Stirling engine that has a simple structure and is easy to operate and maintain.

  Stirling engines, regardless of the type of heat source, can effectively use energy that is currently wasted, and are quiet and low-pollution, so various types have been researched and developed, and are one of the important future heat engines. It has been noticed.

The Stirling engine heats and cools a gas sealed in an air chamber to expand and contract the gas to obtain power.
A conventional displacer type Stirling engine reciprocates the gas between a heating part and a cooling part to heat and cool the gas, expands and contracts, and pushes a power piston to regenerate power. Is what you get. The displacer is configured to interlock with the power piston in phase.
Conventional Stirling engines are classified into three types, α type, β type, and γ type, depending on the arrangement of pistons, cylinders, and the like. Details of these three types of operations are described in Patent Document 1.

Patent Document 1 proposes a Stirling engine in which a gas hydride is used as a cold heat source and a high output ratio and high efficiency can be obtained.
In addition, an α-type Stirling engine referred to in Patent Document 2 has been proposed for the purpose of increasing output and improving vibration resistance.
In addition, as a device that enables small temperature differences to be efficiently converted into kinetic energy, such as hot waste water, hot spring heat, waste liquid, solar heat, etc., the hydrogen storage alloy cools hydrogen, which is a compressive working fluid, Patent Document 3 proposes a γ-type Stirling engine that uses a property of absorbing and releasing by heating (hydrogenation reaction) to synergize pressurization and decompression to operate a piston.
There is a Stirling engine with a free piston as a displacer as a modification of the γ-type Stirling engine. A piston is provided at the end of the displacer without using a connecting rod or crank, and the piston swings in the gas spring space. Patent Document 4 proposes a free piston type compressor that drives a power piston by reciprocating a gas enclosed in a cylinder between a heating unit and a cooling unit to generate a pressure difference in the cylinder.

  However, the above-mentioned conventional Stirling engine requires precise machining and is expensive, and a crank mechanism is required to convert the reciprocating motion of the piston into a rotational motion. Maintenance is required to maintain the lubricity and airtightness of the moving part, and a special heat-resistant alloy is required to withstand high temperatures, and the displacer is moved from the piston crankshaft through the link mechanism, but in order to obtain a large stroke A large mechanism is required, and a rod that reciprocates through the pressure wall is required, which makes the structure complicated and expensive, requires airtightness, makes high-speed operation difficult, and improves output. There are various problems such as using rare gas, helium gas.

  On the other hand, there are reciprocating turbines that generate rotational torque in the same direction even if the direction of gas flow is reversed, and a reciprocating impulse turbine and a symmetrical wing wells turbine without guide vanes are proposed. Has been. The reciprocating turbine is already in practical use for wave power generators.

In Patent Document 5, a rotor hub fixed to an output shaft, a plurality of turbine blades having a substantially semicircular cross section having one end fixed so as to intersect the axial direction of the hub at equal intervals around the rotor hub, and the turbine blade A guide blade disposed on both sides of the guide blade, a rotating shaft that rotatably supports an end portion of the guide blade on the turbine blade side, and a stopper that restricts the guide blade to a predetermined rotation range. Impulse turbines with self-variable pitch guide vanes have been proposed. For the same purpose, Patent Document 6 proposes a wave power generation apparatus using a symmetrical blade type biplane wells turbine having a mounting angle.
Moreover, in order to improve the turbine power generation efficiency of the wave power generation device, Patent Document 7 proposes a turbine that controls the rotor blades to an appropriate angle and rotates them in the same direction.
Further, Patent Document 8 proposes a reciprocating air turbine device. In line (1) to line 14 of page (2) 4, the rotor rim holds the rotor blade and also functions as a flywheel during normal rotation. It has been proposed to be effective in obtaining a stable rotational speed.

JP 2006-275018 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-60751 JP 2002-206919 A Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-30465 Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-39197 Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-89645 JP-A-9-287546 Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-33961

  In view of the prior art as described above, the present invention does not require a displacer to move the working gas, does not require a power piston and a crank mechanism for converting reciprocating motion into rotational motion, and has a small fluid resistance. It is a challenge to provide a Stirling engine that does not require special heat-resistant materials, has a simple structure, is low in production cost, can be used even under harsh conditions, and is durable and easy to operate. To do.

The inventors of the present invention have intensively studied to solve the above problems, and as a result, have completed the invention having the following configuration.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the air chamber is divided into an air chamber A and an air chamber B by a partition, a reciprocating turbine is provided in the partition, a fan is provided at the upper end of the air chamber A, and a flow path switching valve is provided above the fan. The flow path switching valve is used to form a flow path to the heater and the cooler, and the discharge port of the heater and cooler is formed to the air chamber A. The reciprocating turbine provided is used to drive an action body such as a generator or a blower. A displacer is not required, and a power piston and a crank mechanism for converting reciprocating motion into rotational motion are provided. It was found that a Stirling engine that is not necessary can be realized.

  A second aspect of the present invention is the Stirling engine according to the first aspect, wherein the flow path switching valve includes a housing part and a rotating part that rotates inside the housing, and the housing part is connected to a heater. An opening is provided for each of the flow path and the flow path to the cooler, and the rotation part is also provided with an opening. By the rotation of the rotation part, the opening of the rotation part and the housing part The flow path to the heater is opened at a position where the opening that leads to the flow path to the heater overlaps, and the rotation position changes so that the opening to the rotation section and the flow path to the cooler of the housing part are conducted. The flow path to the cooler is opened at a position where the openings to be overlapped.

  A third aspect of the present invention is the Stirling engine according to any one of the first and second aspects, wherein the fan is installed on the same axis of the reciprocating turbine and is extended by the reciprocating turbine. It is characterized by being driven through.

  The invention of claim 4 is the Stirling engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rotating part of the flow path switching valve freely rotates around an axis on the same axis, The blades provided in the flow path switching valve rotating portion are rotated by receiving the wind pressure from the fan and stopped at a set position by an electromagnet.

  A fifth aspect of the present invention is the Stirling engine according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the flow path switching valve, the fan, the reciprocating turbine, and the axis on the same axis of the working body are hollow. The hollow shaft is provided with an opening that communicates with the flow path switching valve position and an opening that communicates with the lower part of the air chamber B, and a labyrinth is provided inside the hollow shaft. .

  A sixth aspect of the present invention is the Stirling engine according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the air chamber A has a double structure composed of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, and the space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. A partition plate is provided in the empty space to form a hot air passage and a cold air passage, and the cold air passage is a cooler.

  A seventh aspect of the present invention is the Stirling engine according to the first aspect, wherein the air chamber B is provided with a similar fan and a flow path switching valve provided in the air chamber A, and the flow path switching valve. The flow paths are respectively formed in the same heater and cooler provided in the air chamber A by the above, and the flow paths are further formed in the air chamber B through the discharge ports of the heater and the cooler, respectively. It is.

  The invention of claim 8 is the Stirling engine described in claims 1 to 7, wherein a regenerative heat exchanger is provided on the fan windward or leeward side.

The Stirling engine of the present invention does not use a displacer compared to a conventional Stirling engine, and uses a fan and a flow path switching valve. Therefore, a regenerative heat exchanger is not required to obtain the heat efficiency, and as a result, the flow resistance is low, so that the working gas may be nitrogen or air, and it is not necessary to use rare helium. In addition, since there is no displacer, heat insulation can be attached to the inside of the air chamber, improving the thermal efficiency and allowing the air chamber to be cooled from the outside, and using a special heat resistant alloy by keeping the air chamber outer shell at a low temperature There is no need.
In addition, since a reciprocating turbine is used without using a power piston, the rotary motion can be transmitted directly to a generator, etc., so that it can be taken out as power. There is no need, there is little mechanical loss due to friction, etc., the efficiency is improved, the structure is simple, the parts that require high precision processing are limited, the assembly is easy, the durability is high, and the operation is simple There are various excellent effects such as low vibration, low noise and quietness.

  Hereinafter, specific modes for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a basic form of a Stirling engine 100 of the present invention.
In the figure, an air chamber 101 is divided into an air chamber A and an air chamber B by a partition wall 110, a rotary shaft 200 is provided on the partition wall 110, and a reciprocating turbine 120 is fixed. A fan 121 is installed at the upper end of the air chamber 101, and a flow path switching valve 300 is installed downstream of the fan 121. The means for driving the fan 121 and the means for driving and controlling the flow path switching valve 300 are not mentioned here. A generator 130 is provided at the lowermost part of the rotating shaft 200 and is provided outside the air chamber 101. Reference numeral 150 denotes a heater, one end of which is electrically connected via the flow path switching valve 300 and the flow path 151, and the other end is electrically connected to the lower part of the air chamber A via the flow path 152. Reference numeral 160 denotes a cooler, one end of which is electrically connected via the flow path switching valve 300 and the flow path 161, and the other end is electrically connected to the lower part of the air chamber A via the flow path 162.

  The above-described action is as follows. First, when the flow of nitrogen gas, which is the working gas in the air chamber A, is generated by the fan 121 and the flow path switching valve 300 is in a position where it is conducted to the flow path 151 as indicated by the arrow, As the gas flow passes through the heater 150 and flows from the flow path 152 to the lower part of the air chamber A as indicated by an arrow, the nitrogen gas in the air chamber A is heated and expanded, and the nitrogen gas is discharged from the air chamber A. Since it moves to the air chamber B, the reciprocating turbine 120 is rotated by the nitrogen gas flow. Next, the flow path switching valve 300 is switched so as to conduct to the flow path 161 by a signal, and the nitrogen gas flow passes through the cooler 160 and flows from the flow path 162 to the lower part of the air chamber A. The nitrogen gas in the air chamber B is cooled and contracted, and the nitrogen gas in the air chamber B moves to the air chamber A, so that the reciprocating turbine 120 rotates by the nitrogen gas flow. The generated gas flow is in the opposite direction to that during heating, but the reciprocating turbine 120 generates rotational torque in the same direction, so that the generator 130 is operated to obtain power as electricity by continuing to rotate in the same direction. In addition, power can be taken out directly as rotational torque.

FIG. 2 shows the principle of the flow path switching valve 300. The flow path switching valve 300 includes a housing part 310 and a rotating part 320 that rotates inside the housing part 310. The housing part 310 has openings 311 and 312 that communicate with the heater 150 and the cooler 160, respectively. Is provided. The rotating part 320 is also provided with an opening 321, and a conduction path leading to the heater 150 is opened by overlapping the opening 311 that leads to the heater 150 of the housing part 310 depending on the rotational position. At this time, the opening 312 leading to the cooler 160 is closed (FIG. 2A).
Further, due to the change in the rotation position, the rotation part 320 opening 321 overlaps the opening 312 that leads to the cooler 160 of the housing part 310, and a conduction path that leads to the cooler 160 is opened. At this time, the opening 311 leading to the heater 150 is closed (FIG. 2B).

  In FIG. 2, the shape of the housing part 310 and the rotating part 320 is a cylinder. Alternatively, the openings 311 and 312 leading to the heater 150 and the cooler 160 of the housing part 310 may be located on the side surface or the ceiling part 313, and the openings 311 and 312 and the rotating part 320 opening 321 of the housing part 310 are respectively provided. There may be multiple.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a method for driving and controlling the fan 121 and the flow path switching valve 300.
The fan 121 is installed on the same axis line of the reciprocating turbine 120 and is driven by the reciprocating turbine 120 via the extension shaft 201, and the blade 330 is installed inside the flow path switching valve 300 rotating unit 320. The rotating force is generated and rotated by receiving the wind pressure (indicated by the arrow) by the fan 121, and stopped at the set position by the attractive force between the electromagnet 340 attached to the housing portion 310 and the iron piece 350 attached to the rotating portion 320. It is something to be made. The fan 121 and the vicinity of the flow path switching valve 300 are at a high temperature, and it is difficult to use permanent magnets, electric motors, gears, and the like. The valve 300 is driven and controlled.
The fan 121 can be installed on the same axis line of the reciprocating turbine 120 and driven by a power transmission means such as a gear, a belt, etc. in addition to being driven by the extension shaft 201.

  In addition, the method of stopping the flow path switching valve 300 rotating unit 320 at the set position by the electromagnet 340 is a method of applying the principle of the variable reactance type stepping motor other than the method using the electromagnet 340 and the iron piece 350 shown in FIG. There is a method using a hysteresis brake (not shown).

FIG. 4 shows an example of a method for cooling the bearing 210 of the fan 121 and the bearing 211 of the flow path switching valve 300.
The vicinity of the bearing 210 of the fan 121 and the bearing 211 of the flow path switching valve 300 becomes high temperature and needs to be cooled, but the extension shaft 201 and the reciprocating turbine that drive the fan 121 by the reciprocating turbine 120. The rotating shaft 200 that drives the acting body by 120 is made hollow, and the upper end of the extension shaft 201 is widened to form a bearing chamber 214 of the fan 121 to accommodate the bearing 210 of the fan 121. A bearing 210 of the fan 121 is attached to a central shaft 314 fixed to the ceiling portion 313 of the housing portion 310 of the flow path switching valve 300. Through the center axis 314. The rotating part 320 of the flow path switching valve 300 shares the bearing chamber 214 of the flow path switching valve 300 and houses the bearing 211 of the flow path switching valve 300. The bearing 211 of the flow path switching valve 300 is attached to a central shaft 314 fixed to the ceiling portion 313 of the housing portion 310 of the flow path switching valve 300, and the rotating part 320 of the flow path switching valve 300 is It rotates around the central shaft 314 via the bearing 211 of the flow path switching valve 300. The upper end of the hollow portion of the extension shaft 201 opens into the bearing chamber 214 of the fan 121, the lower end is connected to the hollow portion of the rotary shaft 200, and the lower end of the hollow portion of the rotary shaft 200 is closed. However, an opening (not shown) is provided in the lower part of the air chamber B. A labyrinth 220 is provided inside the hollow portion of the extension shaft 201. The extension shaft 201 has a heat insulating structure. The rotary shaft 200 and the extension shaft 201 are joined (not shown) at the position of the reciprocating turbine 120 and configured integrally, and the hollow portion is also conductive. That is, the rotary shaft 200 is between the reciprocating turbine 120 and the working body, and the extension shaft 201 is between the reciprocating turbine 120 and the fan 121. A large torque is applied between the reciprocating turbine 120 and the working body, and a large torque is not applied between the reciprocating turbine 120 and the fan 121 only by turning the fan 121, and the materials and structures are different.

When the working gas is heated, the pressure P _A in the air chamber A rises initially, then the pressure P _B in the air chamber B rises. During this heating, the pressure P _{A in the} air chamber _A > the pressure P _B in the air chamber B. Therefore, since the air chamber A and the air chamber B are electrically connected by the internal hollow extension shaft 201 and the rotary shaft 200, the working gas passes from the air chamber A through the internal hollow extension shaft 201 and the rotary shaft 200 to the air chamber B. To flow. Increase in P _A stops if the pressure P _A in the air chamber A is maximized, the pressure P _B of the pressure P _{A =} air chamber B in the air chamber A. When the working gas is further cooled, the pressure PA in the air chamber _A decreases, and then the pressure P _B in the air chamber B decreases. During this cooling, the pressure P _{A in the} air chamber _A <the pressure P _B in the air chamber B.

Therefore, since the air chamber A and the air chamber B are electrically connected by the internal hollow extension shaft 201 and the internal hollow rotary shaft 200, the working gas flows from the air chamber B to the internal hollow extension shaft 201 and the internal hollow shaft. It flows into the air chamber A through the rotating shaft 200. The labyrinth 220 has a large resistance when the working gas moves downward, and a small resistance when the working gas moves upward.
As a result, the flow of the cold working gas in the air chamber B flowing upward in the extension shaft 201 and the rotary shaft 200 becomes dominant, and the bearing 213 (FIG. 6) of the reciprocating turbine 120 on the flow path, the fan The bearing 210 of 121 and the bearing 211 of the flow path switching valve 300 are cooled.
The extension shaft 201 has a heat insulating structure so that the cold working gas passing through the extension shaft 201 is not heated.

  FIG. 5 shows a basic form of the Stirling engine 100 according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 in which the flow path switching valve 300 shown in FIG. 2 and the fan 121 shown in FIG. It combines a method of driving by a reciprocating turbine 120 and shows a standard form for embodying a Stirling engine 100 according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of an actual machine based on the example of FIG. The heater 150 is attached to the lid 102 at the top of the air chamber 101 shown in FIG. 1. The upstream is connected to the flow path switching valve 300, and the downstream is connected to the air chamber A via the flow path 151. Has been.
The cooler 160 is attached to the side surface as a plurality of cooling pipes 163, the upstream is connected to the flow path switching valve 300, and the downstream is connected to the air chamber A via the flow path 161. A vane 330 is attached to the lower part inside the rotation unit 320 of the flow path switching valve 300, and the rotation unit 320 is rotated by the flow of the working gas from the fan 121. When the electromagnet 340 attached to the housing part 310 is energized, the iron piece 350 attached to the rotating part 320 is attracted and the rotation of the rotating part 320 stops. The stop position is a position where the opening 323 leading to the heater 150 is opened and the opening 322 leading to the cooler 163 is closed, and the opening 322 leading to the heater 150 is closed and the opening 322 leading to the cooler 163. Is the position to be opened.
Accordingly, when the electromagnet 340 is turned ON / OFF, a conduction path that leads to the heater 150 side is opened, and at the same time, a conduction path that leads to the cooler 163 side is closed, or a conduction path that leads to the cooler 163 side is simultaneously opened, and the heater 150 is simultaneously opened. The conduction path leading to the side can be closed.

The fan 121 is driven by a reciprocating turbine 120 through an extension shaft 201. With this method, the fan 121 and the flow path switching valve 300 can be driven and controlled without using permanent magnets, electric motors, gears, or the like.
The working gas in the air chamber A is sent to the flow path switching valve 300 by the fan 121, but when the conduction path leading to the heater 150 side is opened, the working gas is in the air chamber A, the fan 121, and the flow path switching valve. 300, the heater 150, the hot air flow channel 151, and the air chamber A are circulated through a path indicated by an arrow, and are heated by the heater 150.

  The heated working fluid expands and enters the air chamber B through the reciprocating turbine 120 installed in the partition wall 110 provided between the air chambers A and B. Is rotated by the working gas flow. Next, when the flow path switching valve 300 is switched by a signal and a conduction path leading to the cooler 163 side is opened, the working gas is the air chamber A, the fan 121, the flow path switching valve 300, the flow path 161, and the cooler 163. Circulates along the path indicated by the arrow of the air chamber A and is cooled by the cooler 163. The cooled working fluid contracts, and the working gas that has entered the air chamber B returns to the air chamber A through the reciprocating turbine 120. In this process, the reciprocating turbine 120 is rotated by the working gas flow. . The generated gas flow is in the opposite direction to that during heating, but the reciprocating turbine 120 generates rotation torque in the same direction and continues to rotate, and the generator 130 can be operated to obtain power as electricity. The hot air flow channel 151 has a heat insulating structure provided with a heat insulating material 203 to prevent the internal hot air from being cooled by heat transfer.

By the reciprocating turbine 120, the extension shaft 201 that drives the fan 121 and the rotary shaft 200 that drives the working body by the reciprocating turbine 120 are hollow, the upper end opens into the bearing chamber 214 of the fan 121, and the lower end. Has an opening 212 in the upper part of the reciprocating turbine 120 bearing 213 of the hollow rotary shaft 200 in the air chamber B, so that the air chamber A is heated in the hollow extension shaft 201 and the hollow rotary shaft 200 and the working gas is heated. When the pressure P _{A in the} air chamber _A > the pressure P _{B in} the air chamber B, a flow from the flow path switching valve 300 toward the air chamber B occurs, and the air chamber A is cooled. When the pressure P _{A in the} air chamber _A <the pressure P _{B in} the air chamber B, a flow from the air chamber B toward the flow path switching valve 300 occurs, but the labyrinth 220 is provided inside the hollow extension shaft 201. From the air chamber B Flow resistance in the direction towards the switching valve 300, the direction of the flow resistance smaller toward the air chamber B from the flow path switching valve 300. For this reason, the working gas flow rate in the direction from the air chamber B toward the flow path switching valve 300 becomes larger than that in the opposite direction.

  When the working gas in the direction from the air chamber B toward the flow path switching valve 300 passes through the cool air passage 153 in the air chamber B, the working gas is cooled through the air chamber B outer shell 103, and passes through the reciprocating turbine 120 bearing 213. After cooling, it is guided to the opening 212 at the upper part of the reciprocating turbine 120 bearing 213 and further guided into the bearing chamber 214 of the fan 121 through the hollow extension shaft 201 and the switching of the bearing 210 of the fan 121 and the flow path. The bearing 211 of the valve 300 is cooled. The hollow extension shaft 201 has a heat insulating structure because the cold air passing through the hollow extension shaft 201 cannot be heated by the working gas in the air chamber A.

  Further, the inside of the air chamber 101, the air chamber A and the lid 102, and the air chamber A and the air chamber B are thermally insulated by heat insulating materials 203, 204, and 205 (not shown). For this reason, although the thermal efficiency is improved, since the inside of the air chamber 101 is further insulated by the heat insulating material 203, the air chamber 101 outer shell 103 does not become a high temperature, and it is not necessary to use a heat resistant material.

  The generator 130 is in a normal pressure environment outside the pressure-resistant outer shell 103, and pressure resistance and heat resistance are not required. For this reason, the general purpose generator 130 can be used. For this reason, the rotary shaft 200 that drives the generator 130 needs to penetrate the pressure-resistant wall 104, but the rotary shaft 200 pressure-resistant wall 104 penetrating structure is configured as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 231 denotes a bearing for receiving the rotary shaft 200, and reference numeral 232 denotes a rotary shaft seal having a high pressure specification. The gap 234 provided between the two bearings 231 is connected to a separately provided high-pressure cylinder (not shown) and a connection portion 233, and an average in the air chamber B is passed through a pressure regulating valve (not shown). Since the pressure is adjusted, there is no leakage of working gas between the air gap 234 and the air chamber B, and even if there is some gas leakage from the air gap 234 to the atmosphere side, it is easily obtainable nitrogen gas and does not cause a problem. .

  As shown in FIG. 6, the Stirling engine 100 of the present invention can incorporate built-in components and devices centering on the partition wall 110, and the air chamber A, the air chamber B, and the heater 150 including the cooler 163. The lid 102 to which is attached only has to be screwed to the flange 105 with a bolt and nut (not shown), and the assemblability is very good.

FIG. 7 shows an example in which the cooler 163 is housed in the air chamber 101 in the standard form of the Stirling engine 100 according to the present invention shown in FIG.
The air chamber A has a double structure composed of an outer cylinder 360 and an inner cylinder 370, and a space 380 between the outer cylinder 360 and the inner cylinder 370 is provided with a partition plate 381 shown in the right sectional view of the corresponding part in the right figure. The passage 390 and the cold air passage 400 are formed, and the cold air passage 400 is used as the cooler 160.
The hot air passage 390 is provided with a heat insulating material 391, and a heat insulating material 392 is provided between the inner cylinder 370 and the cold air passage 400 to form a heat insulating structure.

The fan 121 is installed on the same axis line of the reciprocating turbine 120 and is driven by the reciprocating turbine 120 via the extension shaft 201, and the lower part inside the flow path switching valve 300 rotating unit 320 (see FIG. 6) is provided with a blade 330, receives a wind pressure from the fan 121, generates a rotational torque, and rotates to set a position by an attractive force between the electromagnet 340 attached to the housing portion 310 and the iron piece 350 attached to the rotating portion 320. To stop.
Since the outer cylinder 360 is constantly cooled with water or the like, the outer cylinder 360 does not reach a high temperature, and the inner cylinder 370 does not need to withstand pressure. That is, the outer cylinder 360 is subjected to stress due to pressure, but is not required to be heat resistant because it is kept at a low temperature, and the inner cylinder 370 is not subjected to stress although it is at a high temperature. There is.
This structure is extremely compact and suitable for small machines.

FIG. 8 shows an example in which the Stirling engine 100 of the present invention is double-acting.
A fan 122 and a flow path switching valve 301 are also provided in the air chamber B, and a heater 155 and a cooler 165 are installed, and the flow path switching valve 301 supplies a hot air flow path to the heater 155 and the cooler 165, respectively. 156, a cool air flow path 166 is formed, and the discharge ports of the heater 155 and the cooler 165 are further formed into the air chamber B to form flow paths 157 and 167, respectively. It is also added to the room B. The fan 122, the flow path switching valve 301, the heater 155, and the cooler 165 may be the same as the fan 121, the flow path switching valve 300, the heater 150, and the cooler 160 in the air chamber A.

  Although it is difficult to drive the fans 121 and 122 by the reciprocating turbine 120, an electric motor, a stepping motor, or the like (not shown) that drives the fans 121 and 122 and the flow path switching valves 300 and 301 on the upper part. ) May be provided. By making the heating / cooling cycle of the air chamber A and the heating / cooling cycle of the air chamber B in opposite phases, when the working gas in the air chamber A is heated and expanded, the working gas in the air chamber B is cooled. It shrinks. Conversely, when the working gas in the air chamber A is cooled and contracts, the working gas in the air chamber B is heated and expands. As a result, the pressure difference applied to the reciprocating turbine 120 is doubled, and the generated output of the reciprocating turbine 120 is doubled, which is suitable for higher output than a medium-sized machine.

FIG. 9 shows a regenerative heat exchanger 410 attached to the standard type of Stirling engine 100 according to the present invention shown in FIG.
In the conventional Stirling engine, the working gas is reciprocated between the heating part and the cooling part by reciprocating movement of the displacer to heat or cool the working gas. For this reason, in order to heat this working gas, it passes through a cooler and the working gas once cooled is heated by the heater. In addition, the working gas is cooled by passing through a heater and cooling the working gas once heated by the cooler. For this reason, a regenerative heat exchanger is installed between the heater and the cooler to improve thermal efficiency. However, the regenerative heat exchanger uses helium which has a low resistance because of its high flow resistance.

In the Stirling engine 100 according to the present invention, the working gas is directly led to the heater 150 via the flow path switching valve 300 for heating, and the working gas is directly cooled via the flow path switching valve 300 for cooling. Led to. Therefore, even if the regenerative heat exchanger 410 is not used, the same thermal efficiency as that of a conventional Stirling engine using the regenerative heat exchanger can be obtained. Since the regenerative heat exchanger 410 is not used, it is not necessary to use helium gas, and nitrogen gas that is easily available is sufficient.
However, if the regenerative heat exchanger 410 is attached to the Stirling engine 100 according to the present invention, the thermal efficiency can be further improved.

  The position where the regenerative heat exchanger 410 is attached needs to be directly upstream of the flow path switching valve 300. It is possible just upstream of the fan.

Schematic sectional view showing the basic principle of the Stirling engine of the present invention Main part sectional view of the present invention Main part sectional view of the present invention Main part sectional view of the present invention Schematic sectional view showing the basic mold of the present invention Schematic sectional view showing a practical example of the present invention Schematic sectional view showing another practical example of the present invention Schematic sectional view showing another practical example of the present invention Schematic sectional view showing another practical example of the present invention Main part sectional view of the present invention

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Stirling engine 101 Air chamber 102 Cover part 103 Outer shell 104 Pressure-resistant wall 105 Flange 110 Bulkhead 120 Reciprocating turbine 121 Fan 122 Fan 130 Generator 150 Heater 151 Hot air flow path 152 Flow path 153 Cold air path 155 Heater 156 Hot air flow Path 157 channel 160 cooler 161 cool air channel 162 channel 163 cooling pipe 165 cooler 166 cool air channel 167 channel 200 rotating shaft 201 extension shaft 203 heat insulating material 204 heat insulating material 205 heat insulating material (not shown)
210 Bearing 211 Bearing 212 Opening 213 Bearing 214 Bearing chamber 220 Labyrinth 230 Pressure-resistant penetrating portion 231 Bearing 232 Rotating shaft seal 233 Connection portion 234 Air gap 300 Channel switching valve 301 Channel switching valve 310 Housing parts 311 and 312 Opening 313 Ceiling 314 Central shaft 320 Rotating part 321 Opening part 322 Opening part 323 Opening part 330 Blade 340 Electromagnet 350 Iron piece 360 Outer cylinder 370 Inner cylinder 380 Void 381 Partition plate 390 Hot air passage 391 Heat insulating material 392 Heat insulating material 400 Cold air passage 410 Regenerative heat exchanger

Claims (8)

  The air chamber is divided into an air chamber A and an air chamber B by a partition, a reciprocating turbine is provided in the partition, a fan is provided at the upper end of the air chamber A, and a flow path switching valve is provided above the fan. A flow path is formed to each of the heater and the cooler by the path switching valve, and further, a flow path is formed to each of the air chamber A at the discharge port of the heater and the cooler. A Stirling engine characterized by driving an action body.   The flow path switching valve is composed of a housing part and a rotating part that rotates inside the housing, and the housing part is provided with openings that lead to the flow path to the heater and the flow path to the cooler, respectively. The rotating part is also provided with an opening, and the rotation of the rotating part leads to the heater at a position where the opening of the rotating part and the opening connected to the flow path to the heater of the housing part overlap. The flow path to the cooler is opened at a position where the opening of the rotating portion and the opening that leads to the flow path to the cooler of the housing portion overlap with each other due to a change in the rotational position. The Stirling engine according to claim 1.   The Stirling engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fan is installed on the same axis of the reciprocating turbine and is driven by the reciprocating turbine via an extension shaft.   The rotation part of the flow path switching valve rotates freely around the same axis, and the blades provided in the flow path switching valve rotation part are rotated by receiving the wind pressure from the fan and stopped at the set position by the electromagnet. The Stirling engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein   The axis on the same axis of the flow path switching valve, fan, reciprocating turbine, and working body is constituted by a hollow shaft, an opening that communicates with the position of the flow path switching valve to the hollow shaft, and a lower portion in the air chamber B. The Stirling engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a conducting opening is provided and a labyrinth is provided inside the hollow shaft.   The air chamber A has a double structure consisting of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, a partition plate is provided in a space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder to form a hot air passage and a cold air passage, and the cold air passage is a cooler. The Stirling engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   A similar fan and flow path switching valve provided in the air chamber A are disposed in the air chamber B, and flow paths are respectively formed in the same heater and cooler provided in the air chamber A by the flow path switching valve. Furthermore, the Stirling engine according to claim 1, wherein a flow path is formed in the air chamber B through the discharge ports of the heater and the cooler, respectively.   The Stirling engine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a regenerative heat exchanger is provided on the fan windward or leeward side.

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