JP2009273580A - Puncture needle, syringe and cannula - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a puncture needle, a syringe and a cannula capable of simply reducing puncture accidents, infections and seeding caused by its contact with a needle without affecting on a puncture operation in the puncture needle, for example a medical injection needle, for a living body including the human body. <P>SOLUTION: This syringe 1 for living beings including humans is provided with a skirt 5, or a flexible thin film spreading outward, at a side face of an elongated puncture needle body (a distal tube 4 and a proximal tube 2) with a pointed tip. The puncture needle body is fixed to the skirt 5 at a position penetrating the skirt 5 other than its edge from one surface side to the other face side. When puncturing the syringe 1, a part of the skirt 5 is introduced in a tissue along with the syringe 1. When pulling out the syringe 1, the skirt 5 is turned over to make all of the portions in contact with the tissue inward the skirt 5. This constitution can reduce the risk of the infection and seeding by the syringe 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a puncture needle, a syringe, and a cannula capable of suppressing seeding and infection.

  There have been problems of puncture needles for living bodies including human bodies, for example, injection needles for medical use, such as needle stick accidents, infection caused by contact with the needles, and seeding (diffusion of infected parts and tumors into the body).

  For example, in Patent Document 1, when an injection needle is put in a cylinder formed with an expandable bellows, the bellows contracts only while the injection needle is pierced to expose the needle, and the injection needle is not pierced Describes a technique in which the bellows extends to cover the needle.

JP-A-8-182761

  However, the above-described patent document 1 has a problem that it is difficult to position the tip of the injection needle at a desired position to be punctured because the injection needle main body is covered with an extendable casing. It was. In addition, the device described in Patent Document 1 has a problem in that an oblique puncture operation is difficult when the puncture is performed obliquely with respect to the body surface and the injection needle body becomes an obstacle.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and affects the puncture operation in the puncture operation of a puncture needle for a living body including a human body, for example, a needle stick accident, infection due to contact with the needle, and seeding. An object of the present invention is to provide a puncture needle, a syringe and a cannula that can be easily reduced without affecting the puncture operation.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the present invention is a puncture needle for a living body including humans, and a flexible thin film extending outward is formed on the side surface of an elongated puncture needle body having a sharp tip. It is provided. In other words, the puncture needle body is fixed to the thin film at a position penetrating the thin film from one surface side to the other surface side at a portion other than the edge thereof.

  When the puncture needle is punctured, a part of the thin film is introduced into the tissue together with the puncture needle. When the puncture needle is withdrawn, the thin film is turned over, so that all the parts that have been in contact with the tissue come inside the thin film. This reduces the risk of infection and seeding with the puncture needle.

  That is, by the thin film, the puncture needle body is divided into a distal end portion that is closer to the distal end than the thin film and a proximal end portion that is proximal to the thin film. The thin film has a first surface facing the distal end portion of the puncture needle body and a second surface facing the proximal end portion of the puncture needle body. When the puncture needle body is introduced into the body, a part of the thin film is introduced into the body together with the puncture needle body. By this introduction, the tip portion of the puncture needle body and the portion of the first surface of the thin film introduced into the body come into contact with the living tissue. When the puncture needle body is extracted, the thin film is turned over naturally with the operation of extraction or with the assistance of the operator. Due to this turning over, the base end portion of the puncture needle and the second surface of the thin film are exposed to the outside, and the portion that has been in contact with the living tissue (the tip portion of the puncture needle body and the first surface of the thin film). The portion introduced into the body) is all located inside the thin film. Therefore, the risk of infection and seeding due to contact with the puncture needle after use is reduced.

  Examples of the puncture needle include, but are not limited to, an injection needle, a suction needle, a drug discharge needle in a DDS (Drug Delivery System), an electrode or probe inserted into the living body by puncture, and a sputum.

  The configuration of the present invention can be expressed as follows, for example. A puncture needle for a living body including a human body, which is provided with an elongated puncture needle body having a pointed tip and a flexible thin film extending outward from a side surface of the puncture needle body. According to this configuration, the thin film introduced into the living body together with the puncture needle body at the time of puncture is turned over when the puncture needle is pulled out, and the portion of the thin film that comes into contact with the living body comes to the inside. Is reduced.

  The distance from the tip of the puncture needle body to the base of the thin film can be shorter than the distance from the base of the thin film to the edge of the thin film. If it does in this way, since the tip of the puncture needle body is covered with the thin film turned over, the risk of infection is further reduced. For example, in order to ensure that the tip of the puncture needle is covered with the thin film turned over, the distance from the tip of the puncture needle body to the base of the thin film and the distance from the base of the thin film to the edge of the thin film The difference can also be 1 cm or more.

  The edge of the thin film may be an open end. In this way, the movement of the edge of the thin film is not constrained, so that the turning operation of the thin film becomes smooth. Further, since the edge of the thin film freely spreads when the puncture needle is punctured into the living body, it is possible to effectively block the cells of the infection source from scattering from the puncture hole of the living body to other parts. Note that the fact that the edge of the thin film is an open end means that the movement of the thin film is not restricted by the edge. For example, if another member is fixed to the edge of the thin film, it is not an open end. If the edge of the thin film is accommodated in the container, the movement of the edge is regulated by the internal shape of the container, so that it is not an open end. If the edge of the thin film is an open end, the edge of the thin film is positioned on the rear end side of the puncture needle body with respect to the base end portion of the thin film before puncturing, and the edge of the thin film expands during puncturing. It is convenient for the shape change of the thin film that the thin film is turned over during the extraction operation of the puncture needle body, and the edge of the thin film is located on the distal end side of the puncture needle body from the base end portion of the thin film.

The thin film may be an elastic member. In this way, when the puncture needle is punctured into the living body, the amount of the thin film folded around the puncture needle can be reduced, and the puncture becomes smoother.
The thin film may be formed with a non-slip pattern on at least a part of the surface of the puncture needle main body. In this way, when the puncture needle is withdrawn, the thin film is turned over by the anti-slip pattern.

  Further, at least a part of the thin film may include a reinforcing member that reinforces the thin film so that a tip of the puncture needle body does not break the thin film. In this way, prevention of infection due to a needlepoint accident becomes more effective. For example, at least one of Kevlar fiber, aramid fiber, and steel may be adopted as the reinforcing member.

  The material of the thin film may include at least one of silicon rubber, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polyimide.

  A plurality of the thin films can be provided. In this way, particularly important sites such as the tip of the puncture needle can be covered with a plurality of thin films, and infection can be prevented more effectively.

  The thin film may be made of a transparent material. In this way, since the tip of the puncture needle can be observed through the thin film, workability is good at the time of puncture.

  The thin film may have a different color on the front surface and the back surface. In this way, since the inside-out of the thin film can be confirmed by color, it is easy to visually distinguish between before and after use of the puncture needle.

  An example of a puncture needle is an injection needle. In addition, a syringe or cannula equipped with the puncture needle of the present invention is also included in the present invention.

  The configuration of the present invention can also be expressed as follows. A puncture needle for a living body including a human body, which is provided with an elongated puncture needle main body having a sharp tip and a skirt made of a flexible thin film positioned on a side surface of the puncture needle main body.

  Furthermore, the configuration of the present invention can be expressed as follows. A puncture needle for a living body including a human body, wherein a flexible thin film and an elongate puncture needle that is fixed at a position penetrating the thin film from one surface side to the other surface side at a portion other than the edge and having a pointed tip And a needle body.

  According to the present invention, when the puncture needle is punctured, a part of the thin film is introduced into the tissue together with the puncture needle, and when the puncture needle is withdrawn, the thin film is turned over so that the portion that is in contact with the tissue is Since they are all located inside the thin film, they do not affect the puncture operation or have little influence on the puncture operation, and the risk of infection and seeding by the puncture needle can be reduced by a simple operation.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a puncture needle, a syringe, and a cannula according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments. Further, in this embodiment, a medical injection needle will be described as an example of a puncture needle.

  FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a configuration of an injection needle that is a puncture needle according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, an injection needle 1 has a proximal end tube 2 formed of a hard member such as stainless steel, a skirt 5 formed of a flexible thin film, and a distal end tube 4 formed of a hard member such as stainless steel. The proximal end tube 2 and the distal end tube 4 form an injection needle body, and the injection needle 1 is formed by adding a skirt 5 which is a thin film extending outward from the side surface of the injection needle body.

  The injection needle main body is divided into a distal end portion from the skirt 5 and a proximal end portion from the skirt 5 to the proximal end side by the skirt 5. In the present embodiment, the distal end tube 4 corresponds to the distal end portion from the skirt 5 to the distal end tube 4, and the proximal end tube 2 corresponds to the proximal end portion from the skirt 5 to the proximal end side. The skirt 5 has a first surface on the distal end portion side of the injection needle body and a second surface on the proximal end portion side of the injection needle body.

  The skirt 5 is a thin film formed of a material such as silicon rubber, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, or polyimide, and has flexibility. The skirt 5 may be elastic. Thus, by making the skirt 5 into a thin film and having flexibility and elasticity, the skirt 5 can be thinly extended, and when the needle body is introduced into the body, the skirt 5 is folded around the needle body. The volume is reduced and insertion of the injection needle is facilitated.

  The skirt 5 has an opening near the center, and is fixed to the injection needle body at the periphery of the opening. The skirt 5 can be made of a material that is transparent to some extent. In this way, the doctor can visually observe the periphery of the tip of the injection needle 1 through the skirt 5 and can easily confirm the puncture position. Alternatively, the first surface and the second surface of the skirt 5 can be different colors. In this way, before use (before puncture) and after use (after puncture) of the injection needle 1 can be easily distinguished by color. For example, if the injection needle 1 is covered with blue by coloring the first surface in blue and the second surface in red, the injection needle 1 is in a state before use. If it is covered with red, it can be easily determined that the injection needle 1 is in a used state.

The proximal end tube 2 and the distal end tube 4 are formed in a tubular shape, and are fixed to each other with the skirt 5 interposed therebetween. In the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the engaging portion of the distal end tube 4 is made smaller than the outer shape of the engaging portion 3 of the proximal end tube 2, and the distal end tube 4 is heated and expanded to engage the proximal end tube 2. The joint part 3 is inserted into the engaging part of the tip tube 4 and assembled. The distal end tube 4 is firmly fixed to the proximal end tube 2 in a cold state, and the skirt 5 sandwiched between the distal end tube 4 and the proximal end tube 2 is also fixed to the injection needle body. However, the distal end tube 4 may be fixed to the proximal end tube 2 by other methods. For example, an adhesive or the like may be used.
In the distal end tube 4, the proximal end tube 2 and the skirt 5,
(Outer shape of distal end tube 4) ≧ (Outer shape of proximal end tube 2) + (Thickness of skirt 5) × 2
Is preferably satisfied. Thereby, when the injection needle 1 is inserted into the body, the effect of the step due to the skirt 5 can be reduced.

  In the present embodiment, the edge of the skirt 5 is an open end. As shown in FIG. 2, the skirt 5 before use is arranged in a shape in which the open end of the skirt 5 is on the proximal end side of the injection needle 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the skirt after use is turned over by the skirt 5, and its open end comes to the distal end side of the injection needle 1.

  FIG. 4 shows how the skirt 5 is turned over when the injection needle 1 is pulled out. FIG. 5 shows a state where the injection needle 1 is punctured into the tissue. As shown in FIG. 4, the central part 5a of the skirt 5 is located in the tissue together with the injection needle 1, but the peripheral part 5b of the skirt 5 is located outside the tissue. Further, the peripheral portion 5b of the skirt 5 extends around the puncture hole. For this reason, there exists an effect | action which suppresses the seeding | inoculation by the spreading | diffusion of the dangerous substances (an infection source, a tumor, etc.) which leak from a tissue through a puncture hole. Further, when the injection needle 1 is pulled out, scattering of dangerous substances is also suppressed.

  As shown in FIG. 5, when the operation of pulling out the injection needle 1 is started, the surface 5c in contact with the tissue of the skirt 5 receives resistance to slide with respect to the tissue. For this reason, as the injection needle 1 moves in the extraction direction, the central portion 5a of the skirt 5 fixed to the injection needle 1 is retracted into the inside, and the skirt 5 is turned over. Further, when the injection needle 1 is pulled out, the skirt 5 is almost reversed as shown in FIG. When the injection needle 1 is completely extracted, the skirt 5 is completely turned over as shown in FIG. At this time, the skirt 5 has a shape that hangs down somewhat due to the weight of the substance (moisture or the like) adhered in the tissue.

  In this way, the portion of the first surface of the tip tube 4 and the skirt 5 that has been in contact with the tissue with the injection needle 1 being in the tissue, that is, the portion introduced into the tissue (center portion 5a). And the surrounding first surface) are located inside the skirt 5 by turning over the skirt 5. Therefore, the risk of infection and sowing due to contact with the needle is reduced. In addition, since the tip of the injection needle 1 is also covered with the skirt 5, the risk of a needle stick accident is reduced.

  In the present embodiment, the skirt 5 is turned over naturally when the injection needle 1 is pulled out. However, the worker may perform auxiliary work that promotes turning over. As an example of such an auxiliary work, when the injection needle 1 is attached to the tip of a cannula that penetrates through the channel of the endoscope, the peripheral portion 5b of the skirt 5 is used as a tissue at the tip of the endoscope. There is work to press against. Alternatively, the operator may press the peripheral portion 5b of the skirt 5 against the tissue by hand.

Here, as shown in FIG. 8, the distance a from the tip of the injection needle 1 to the attachment position on the needle side surface of the skirt 5 and the length b of the skirt 5 are such that the needle tip is hidden when the skirt 5 is turned over. As
a <b
It becomes. As a more preferable condition, taking into account that the skirt 5 sufficiently covers the tip of the needle, a margin of 1 cm is taken (a + 1 cm) <b
It becomes.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a skirt configuration of Modification 1 of the present embodiment. In this modified example 1, as shown in FIG. 9, a cross-sectional pattern on the mountain side inclined in the proximal direction of the injection needle 1 is formed on the tissue contact surface side of the skirt 5, and when the injection needle 1 is extracted, It makes it difficult for the tissue to slip.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a skirt configuration of Modification 2 of the present embodiment. In the second modification, a folded portion is provided on the open end side of the skirt 5. By providing the folded portion, leakage from the open end side of the skirt 5 after the injection needle 1 is extracted can be reduced.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of Modification 3 of the present embodiment. In the third modification, the reinforcing portion 6 is provided at least at the position of the first surface of the skirt 5 corresponding to the tip of the injection needle 1, and after the injection needle 1 is pulled out, the tip of the injection needle 1 breaks the skirt 5. This is better to prevent the possibility of a needlestick accident. The reinforcing portion 6 is realized by embedding a kevlar fiber or aramid fiber net in the first surface portion of the skirt 5.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a fourth modification of the present embodiment. In this modified example 4, a small skirt 7 is provided on the distal end side of the skirt 5 of the injection needle 1, and after the injection needle 1 is extracted, the distal end of the injection needle 1 is covered with the small skirt 7 and the skirt 7 in a double manner. The tip of the injection needle 1 is better prevented from breaking the skirt 5 so as to reduce the possibility of a needle stick accident. The small skirt 7 may be thicker than the skirt 5, and the reinforcing part 6 shown in FIG. 11 may be provided on the small skirt 7.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration of Modification 5 of the present embodiment. In this modified example 5, the skirt 5 is a skirt portion 8a in which only the vicinity of the open end is inflated, and the skirt portion 8a is deformed into a substantially cylindrical skirt portion 8b, and the skirt portion is folded when the injection needle is inserted. Therefore, the injection needle can be easily inserted. The skirt 5 is preferably formed of an elastic member.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of Modification 6 of the present embodiment. In this modified example 6, the skirt 5 is a skirt 9 wound in advance in a roll shape, and the skirt 9 wound when the injection needle is inserted is developed. As a result, the skirt 10 can be kept compact before use.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a configuration of Modification 7 of the present embodiment. In this modified example 7, the shape of the skirt 10 (the original shape when no force is applied) is made flat, and the skirt 10 can be easily manufactured.

  FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of Modification 8 of the present embodiment. This modification 8 has a cylindrical attachment portion 11 for attaching the opening of the skirt 12 to the engagement portion 3. By providing the mounting portion 11, the skirt 12 can be easily mounted.

  FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a syringe to which the injection needle according to the present embodiment is applied. As shown in FIG. 17, this syringe 20 has the above-described injection needle 1 attached to the tip of a cylindrical cylinder 21, and a piston 22 is inserted into the cylinder 21, whereby a drug solution or the like in the cylinder 21 is transferred to a tissue such as a living body. To be administered. According to this syringe 20, an operation such as puncture can be performed in the same manner as a conventional syringe without the skirt 5.

  FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a cannula to which the injection needle according to the present embodiment is applied. As shown in FIG. 18, the cannula 30 can be configured by attaching the above-described injection needle 1 to the tip of a flexible tube 31. The skirt 5 covers at least the connection portion 32 to which the proximal end tube 2 inserted into the living body and the tube 31 are connected.

  In this embodiment, with a simple configuration in which only the skirt 5 is provided, a needle stick accident, infection due to contact with the needle, and seeding can be reduced. In addition, since the skirt formed of a thin film is turned over, it is possible to discriminate between before and after using the puncture needle at a glance only by turning over the skirt, thereby preventing the used puncture needle from being reused by mistake. be able to. Furthermore, the needle tip is exposed before the puncture needle is used, and the puncture operation can be performed while observing the needle tip, so that the puncture operation is facilitated. Further, since the skirt does not cover the needle tip during puncturing, it can also be used for oblique puncturing.

It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the structure of the injection needle which is a puncture needle concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the state of the injection needle before puncture. It is a perspective view which shows the state of the injection needle after extraction after puncture. It is sectional drawing which shows the state of the injection needle main body and skirt at the time of puncture. It is sectional drawing which shows the state of an injection needle main body and a skirt during extraction of an injection needle main body. It is sectional drawing which shows the state of an injection needle main body and a skirt immediately after extraction of an injection needle main body. It is sectional drawing which shows the state of an injection needle main body and a skirt after extraction of an injection needle main body. It is a figure explaining the length of a tip pipe, and the length of a skirt. It is a figure which shows the skirt structure of the modification 1 of this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the skirt structure of the modification 2 of this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the modification 3 of this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the modification 4 of this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the modification 5 of this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the modification 6 of this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the modification 7 of this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the modification 8 of this Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the syringe to which the injection needle which is this Embodiment is applied. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the syringe to which the injection needle which is this Embodiment is applied.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Injection needle 2 Base end pipe 3 Engagement part 4 Tip pipe | tube 5, 9, 10, 12 Skirt 6 Reinforcement part 7 Small skirt 7, 8 Skirt part 11 Attachment part 20 Syringe 21 Cylinder 22 Piston 30 Cannula 31 Tube 32 Connection part

Claims (17)

A puncture needle for a living body including a human body,
An elongated puncture needle body with a sharp tip;
A flexible thin film extending outward from the side surface of the puncture needle body;
A puncture needle characterized by comprising:   2. The puncture needle according to claim 1, wherein a distance from the distal end of the puncture needle body to the base of the thin film is shorter than a distance from the base of the thin film to an edge of the thin film.   The puncture needle according to claim 2, wherein the difference between the distance from the tip of the puncture needle body to the base of the thin film and the distance from the base of the thin film to the edge of the thin film is 1 cm or more.   The puncture needle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an edge of the thin film is an open end.   The puncture needle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the thin film is an elastic member.   The puncture needle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the thin film has an anti-slip pattern formed on at least a part of a surface of the puncture needle main body.   7. At least a part of the thin film includes a reinforcing member that reinforces the thin film so that the tip of the puncture needle body does not break the thin film. The puncture needle as described.   The puncture needle according to claim 7, wherein the reinforcing member includes at least one of Kevlar fiber, aramid fiber, and steel.   The puncture needle according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the thin film includes at least one of silicon rubber, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polyimide.   The puncture needle according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the thin films are provided.   The puncture needle according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the thin film is made of a transparent material.   The puncture needle according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the surface and the back surface of the thin film have different colors.   The puncture needle according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the puncture needle is an injection needle.   A syringe equipped with the puncture needle according to any one of claims 1 to 13.   A cannula equipped with the puncture needle according to any one of claims 1 to 13. A puncture needle for a living body including a human body,
An elongated puncture needle body with a sharp tip;
A skirt made of a flexible thin film located on a side surface of the puncture needle body;
A puncture needle characterized by comprising: A puncture needle for a living body including a human body,
A flexible thin film,
An elongated puncture needle main body fixed at a position penetrating from one surface side to the other surface side at a portion other than the edge of the thin film,
A puncture needle characterized by comprising:

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