JP2009264679A - Explosive neutralizing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an explosive neutralizing device capable of positively neutralizing an explosive, even if the explosive is a dud, is abandoned or disposed. <P>SOLUTION: This explosive neutralizing device includes a decomposing agent container 22, filled with a decomposing agent BZ composed of microorganisms or a chemically-synthesized compound for decomposing the explosive 40; an activator container 23 filled with an activator KZ for activating the microorganisms in the decomposing agent BZ; and a reaching timing regulating means 24 for regulating the timing with which the decomposing agent BZ reaches the explosive 40 from the decomposing agent container 22. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an explosive safety device that secures explosives such as explosives loaded in unexploded ammunition or abandoned ammunition or industrial explosives for civilian products that have been disposed of.

  Conventionally, ammunition that has been fired (used) has become unexploited for some reason, and if it is buried in the soil or rubble, or submerged in the sea, lake, swamp, river, etc., it is difficult to find the ammunition There are very many situations that result in abandoned ammunition. As an example, in Japan today, unexploded ammunition during World War II is often accidentally excavated during excavation work at construction sites, and some of them cause explosion accidents. In other words, abandoned ammunition is an extremely dangerous entity that continues to pose a threat to people for many years after the end of the war.

  In recent years, ammunition used has not been fired in response to the Protocol on Explosive War Remnants (Protocol V) in the Convention on the Restriction on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW). Development of safety technology for loaded explosives is regarded as important worldwide.

  For example, in the following Patent Document 1, as a mine safety technology, a radio frequency or ultrasonic wave receiving means transmitted from a remote place, a means for converting a signal received by the receiving means into an electrical signal, A rotation mechanism or a reciprocating mechanism having a relay that operates on the basis of the converted electric signal, and a means for forming a transfer series that separates the explosive series of detonator, relay, explosion, and explosive A mine fuze safety device is disclosed.

In the technique of Patent Document 1, in order to shift a landmine from an arming state to a non-arming state, a rotation mechanism or a reciprocating mechanism having a relay agent is operated by a predetermined radio wave signal or ultrasonic signal, and a detonator or relay agent is operated. To separate the explosive series from the non-arming state from the non-arming state to the arming state, the rotary mechanism or the reciprocating mechanism is used. The relay is activated and returned to the gunpowder series to be aligned.
JP-A-8-189799

  As described above, conventionally, a technique for transmitting radio waves or ultrasonic waves from a remote place to ammunition and making the explosive loaded in the ammunition safe by electrical control has been mainstream. However, the types of abandoned ammunition are not only those of the installation type such as landmines, but also of the type that is shot out from the cannon toward the target like a cannonball. Such shells are often buried deep in the soil or in debris, rivers, etc. when they do not occur, and there is a possibility that radio waves do not reach and control becomes impossible and the safety device does not operate normally. . In addition, when an electronically controlled safety device is used in a shell, there is a possibility that an electronic circuit may be damaged due to an impact or static electricity colliding with a target and the safety device may not operate normally.

 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and even if an explosive is used in any state, it can be reliably made safe when it is misfired, abandoned, or disposed of. An object is to provide an explosive safety device.

 In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the present invention, as a first solving means related to an explosive safety device, a decomposition agent container filled with a decomposition agent composed of a microorganism or a chemical synthesis agent that decomposes an explosive, and the decomposition agent Comprises an arrival timing regulating means for regulating the timing of reaching the explosive from the decomposition agent container.

 Further, in the present invention, as the second solving means related to the explosive safety device, in the first solving means, when the explosive is a nitrate explosive, a Baltic microorganism is used as the decomposing agent. Features.

 Further, in the present invention, as a third solving means related to the explosive safety device, in the first or second solving means, in the case where the decomposition target of the decomposing agent is an explosive loaded on a rotating projectile, The arrival timing regulating means has a supply path of a decomposing agent that reaches the explosive, and a moving body that is provided with a through-hole and moves by centrifugal force, and the moving body rotates the rotating projectile Before the generation of the centrifugal force due to the above, the supply path is disposed so as to be cut, and after the generation of the centrifugal force, the supply path is moved to communicate with the through hole.

 In the present invention, as a fourth solution for the explosive safety device, in the third solution, when a microorganism is used as the decomposing agent, an activator for activating the microorganism is filled. And an activator container that communicates with the decomposing agent container by an impact generated at the start of flight of the rotary projecting body.

 Further, in the present invention, as a fifth solving means related to the explosive safety device, in the first or second solving means, the decomposition target of the decomposing agent is loaded into a casing installed at a predetermined position. In the case of an explosive, the arrival timing regulation means includes a supply path of a decomposing agent that reaches the explosive and a blocking plate that blocks the supply path, and the blocking plate is deteriorated over time or the decomposing agent. It is comprised from the material which the hole which connects the said supply path | route by the erosion by is produced.

 Further, in the present invention, as a sixth solving means related to the explosive safety device, in the fifth solving means, when a microorganism is used as the decomposing agent, it faces the decomposing agent container with the blocking plate interposed therebetween. An activator container that is disposed and filled with an activator for activating the microorganism, and the opposite side of the blocking plate in the activator container is in communication with the supply path of the decomposing agent. It is characterized by.

 Further, in the present invention, as a seventh solving means relating to the explosive safety device, in the first or second solving means, the decomposition target of the decomposing agent is loaded into a casing installed at a predetermined position. In the case of an explosive, the arrival timing regulation means has a supply path for a decomposition agent from the decomposition agent container to the explosive, the full length of which is set in consideration of the timing at which the decomposition agent reaches the explosive. And

 In the present invention, as an eighth solution for the explosive safety device, in the seventh solution, when a microorganism is used as the decomposing agent, a part or all of the supply path includes the microorganism. It is characterized by being filled with an activator for activating.

In the explosive safety device according to the present invention, a decomposing agent composed of a microorganism or a chemical synthesis agent that decomposes the explosive is used, and the timing at which the decomposing agent reaches the explosive is regulated by the arrival timing regulating means, thereby obtaining a desired value. Explosives can be decomposed (made safe) at the timing. For example, in the case of an injection-type ammunition such as a shell, it is sufficient if it has a function as an ammunition until it collides with a target. What is necessary is just to regulate arrival timing. Also, in the case of installation-type ammunition such as landmines, it is necessary to have a function as ammunition for a certain period after installation. What is necessary is just to regulate the arrival timing. In addition, commercial explosives (for example, explosives for deploying automobile airbags) are often disposed of after several years, so the explosives are made safe at the time of disposal. Thus, the arrival timing of the decomposition agent may be regulated.
As described above, according to the explosive safety device according to the present invention, even if the explosive is used in any state, it is possible to ensure safety in the event of failure, abandonment, or disposal. .

Hereinafter, an embodiment of an explosive safety device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
First, the explosive safety device according to the first embodiment will be described. In the first embodiment, an explosive safety device for securing an explosive loaded on a shell (rotating flying object) emitted from a cannon or the like toward a target will be described.

 FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a shell provided with an explosive safety device according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 100 is a shell, 10 is a fuse, 20 is an explosive safety device, 30 is a shell body, and 40 is a glaze (explosive). The fusible tube 10 is mounted by a shell main body 30 and a screwing mechanism, and is an instantaneous or postponed fusible tube for detonating the glaze 40 loaded in the lower part (bottom part) of the shell main body 30. The explosive safety device 20 is arranged at the lower end inside the housing of the fuze 10 and is intended to make the glaze 40 loaded in the shell body 30 safe at a predetermined timing. The shell body 30 is joined to the fusible tube 10 to form the shell 100, and a glaze 40 is loaded in the lower part inside. The glaze 40 is, for example, a TNT explosive that is a nitric explosive, and explodes due to an initiation action by the fuze 10.

 FIG. 2 is a detailed configuration diagram of the explosive safety device 20. As shown in FIG. 2, the explosive safety device 20 includes a casing 21, a decomposing agent container 22, an activator container 23, and an arrival timing regulating unit 24. The casing 21 plays a role as a protective casing for the decomposition agent container 22, the activator container 23 and the arrival timing restricting unit 24 disposed inside, and these are detected from the impact when the cannonball 100 collides with the target. Protect.

 The decomposing agent container 22 is a container such as an ampoule filled with a decomposing agent BZ made of a microorganism that decomposes an explosive or a chemical synthesis agent. In this embodiment, a Baltic microorganism is used as the decomposing agent BZ. This Baltic microorganism has the ability to decompose nitric explosives such as TNT explosives, and is suitable as a decomposing agent BZ for decomposing (safety) the glaze 40 that is a TNT explosive. The Baltic microorganisms are put into a dormant state by pulverization or gelation and filled in the decomposition agent container 22. Further, the decomposition agent container 22 is moved in the direction opposite to the direction in which the cannonball 100 travels (that is, the activator container 23 side) due to the impact (acceleration) generated when the cannonball 100 is injected (at the start of flight). Is installed in the housing 21.

 The activator container 23 is fixedly installed at the lower part of the decomposing agent container 22 (that is, the direction opposite to the advancing direction of the cannonball 100), and includes a nutrient agent that activates the Baltic microorganisms used as the decomposing agent BZ. A container such as an ampoule filled with the activator KZ. As shown in FIG. 2, on the upper surface side (opposite surface side of the decomposing agent container 22) of the outer periphery of the activator container 23, a convex portion 23a having a hole communicating with the inside at the apex is provided. When the decomposing agent container 22 moves and collides with the activator container 23 due to an impact generated when the cannonball 100 is injected, the convex portion 23a penetrates the bottom surface of the decomposing agent container 22 and the activator container 23 and the decomposing agent. The container 22 is in communication. In addition, an opening 23 b is provided on the bottom surface of the activator container 23 for communicating with a supply path 26 for a decomposing agent BZ described later.

 The arrival timing restricting portion 24 is for restricting the timing at which the decomposing agent BZ reaches the glaze 40 from the decomposing agent container 22, and is generated by rotation (rotation) of the cannonball 100 while being provided with a through hole 25 a. The movable body 25 is moved by centrifugal force and the supply path 26 of the decomposing agent BZ reaching the glaze 40. The moving body 25 is disposed so as to cut the supply path 26 before the generation of the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the cannonball 100, and after the generation of the centrifugal force, moves so that the supply path 26 communicates with the through hole 25a. Is.

 Next, the operation of the explosive safety device 20 according to the first embodiment configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3A shows the state of the explosive safety device 20 at the time of the injection of the cannonball 100 (at the start of flight), and FIG. The state of the explosive safety device 20 is shown.

 As shown in FIG. 3A, when the cannonball 100 is ejected, the decomposing agent container 22 moves in the direction opposite to the direction in which the cannonball 100 travels and collides with the activator container 23 due to the impact generated by the injection. The convex portion 23a of the activator container 23 breaks through the bottom surface of the decomposing agent container 22, and the activator container 23 and the decomposing agent container 22 communicate with each other. Thereby, the decomposing agent BZ and the activator KZ are mixed, and the Baltis microorganisms start to grow using the activator KZ as a bait. At this time, the supply path 26 of the decomposing agent BZ is in a cut state, and therefore the decomposing agent BZ (Valtis family microorganism) does not move to the supply path 26.

 Then, as shown in FIG. 3B, in a situation where the flying object is flying while rotating after the cannonball 100 is ejected, the moving body 25 in the arrival timing regulating unit 24 is moved by centrifugal force, and the supply path 26 is passed through the through hole 25a. Is communicated. As a result, the opening 23b provided in the bottom surface of the activator container 23, the through-hole 25a, and the supply path 26 communicate with each other, and the supply path 26 passes through the glaze 40 while the Baltic microorganism as the decomposing agent BZ continues to grow. Start moving towards. Since the movement speed of such microorganisms is extremely slow compared to the flight speed of the cannonball 100, the function as an ammunition can be maintained until the cannonball 100 collides with a target.

 Then, if the cannonball 100 does not fire for some reason when it collides with the target, the Baltic microorganisms, which are the decomposing agent BZ, reach the glaze 40 after a certain period of time, and decompose the glaze 40. start. In other words, according to the explosive safety device 20 according to the first embodiment, even if an injection-type ammunition such as the cannonball 100 is used, it is compared with the conventional method of making the glaze safe by electronic control by remote operation. There is no problem of breakdown or static electricity, and the glaze 40 can be made safe without problems even when it is buried in the soil or deep in rubble.

 In the above embodiment, the case where a microorganism is used as the decomposing agent BZ has been described as an example. However, when air is used as the activator KZ of this microorganism, or when a chemical synthesis agent is used as the decomposing agent BZ. The activator container 23 is not necessarily installed. The decomposing agent BZ using Baltic microorganisms is suitable when the explosive to be decomposed is a nitric explosive, but in the case of other types of explosives (for example, plastic explosives, etc.) It is desirable to use a suitable microorganism or chemical synthesis agent. Moreover, although the case where the explosive safety device 20 was provided in the fuze 10 was illustrated in the said embodiment, it is good also as a structure which provides the explosive safety device 20 in the shell main body 30. FIG.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, an explosive safety device according to the second embodiment will be described. In addition, this 2nd Embodiment demonstrates the explosive safety device for making the explosive loaded in the installation type housing | casing like a landmine safe.

  FIG. 4A is a schematic configuration diagram of an explosive safety device 20A according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the explosive safety device 20A according to the second embodiment includes a decomposing agent container 22A filled with a decomposing agent BZ, an activator container 23A filled with an activator KZ, It comprises a blocking plate 27 sandwiched between the decomposing agent container 22A and the activator container 23A, and a decomposing agent BZ supply path 26A. The blocking plate 27 and the supply path 26A constitute the arrival timing regulating unit 24A.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the decomposition agent container 22A and the activator container 23A are disposed to face each other with the shielding plate 27 interposed therebetween, and an opening is formed on the bottom surface side (the shielding plate 27 side) of the decomposition agent container 22A. 22Aa is provided, an opening 23Aa is provided on the upper surface side (blocking plate 27 side) of the activator container 23A, and an opening 23Ab communicating with the supply path 26A is provided on the bottom surface of the activator container 23A. ing. The blocking plate 27 is made of a material in which a hole for communicating the supply path 26A is formed due to deterioration over time or erosion by the decomposition agent BZ.

  In the case of installation-type ammunition such as landmines, it is necessary to have a function as ammunition for a certain period after installation. Therefore, the material of the blocking plate 27 is selected so that no hole is generated in the blocking plate 27 at least within a period of functioning as an ammunition. That is, within the period to function as an ammunition, as shown in FIG. 4A, the path from the decomposition agent container 22A of the decomposition agent BZ to the glaze 40 is blocked by the blocking plate 27, and the function as an ammunition Is retained.

On the other hand, when a period to function as an ammunition (for example, several tens of days or several months) elapses, as shown in FIG. 4B, the blocking plate 27 has a supply path 26A due to deterioration over time or erosion by the decomposition agent BZ. A hole is formed to communicate the. As a result, the decomposing agent BZ and the activator KZ are mixed together, and the Baltis microorganisms start to grow using the activator KZ as feed, and start moving through the supply path 26A toward the glaze 40. After reaching the glaze 40, the glaze 40 Start to disassemble.
Thus, according to the explosive safety device 20A according to the second embodiment, the glaze 40 can be made safe at a desired timing even if it is an installation type ammunition such as a mine.

 In the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the case where a microorganism is used as the decomposing agent BZ has been described as an example. However, when air is used as the activator KZ of the microorganism, the decomposing agent is used. When a chemical synthesis agent is used as BZ, it is not always necessary to install the activator container 23A. As shown in FIG. 4C, a blocking plate 27 is provided between the decomposition agent container 22A and the supply path 26A. Just do it.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, an explosive safety device according to the third embodiment will be described. In the third embodiment, another example of an explosive safety device for securing an explosive loaded in a housing of an installation type such as a landmine will be described.

 Fig.5 (a) is a schematic block diagram of the explosives safety device 20B which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5 (a), the explosive safety device 20B according to the third embodiment includes a decomposition agent container 22B filled with a decomposition agent BZ, and a decomposition agent BZ extending from the decomposition agent container 22B to the glaze 40. It is comprised from the arrival timing control part 24B which has the supply path | route 26B. An opening 22Ba communicating with the supply path 26B is provided on the bottom surface of the decomposition agent container 22B. The total length of the supply path 26B is set in consideration of the timing at which the decomposing agent BZ reaches the glaze 40 from the decomposing agent container 22B. That is, the supply path 26B is set to such a length that the decomposing agent BZ does not reach the glaze 40 within a period in which it should function as an ammunition. When microorganisms are used as the decomposing agent BZ, as shown in FIG. 5B, part or all of the supply path 26B may be filled with the activator KZ.

  In the explosive safety device 20B having such a configuration, the moving speed of the decomposing agent BZ, which is a microorganism, is extremely slow. Therefore, the microorganism moves only within the supply path 26B and functions as an ammunition within a period in which it should function as an ammunition. After the power period (for example, several tens of days or several months) has passed and the glaze 40 is reached, the decomposition of the glaze 40 is started. Thus, according to the explosives safety device 20B according to the third embodiment, the glaze 40 is made safe at a desired timing even in the case of an installation-type ammunition such as a mine, as in the second embodiment. be able to.

  The explosive safety devices 20A and 20B according to the second and third embodiments described above secure commercial industrial explosives (for example, explosives for deploying automobile airbags, explosives for rocket propulsion, etc.). Can be used for In the case of such commercial industrial explosives, they are often disposed of after several years, so the timing of arrival of the decomposing agent BZ is regulated so that the explosive is safe at the time of disposal. Just do it.

  As described above, in order to secure the explosive safety device 20 for securing an explosive loaded in an injection-type ammunition such as a cannonball, the explosive loaded in an installation-type ammunition such as a mine, or a commercial industrial explosive. The explosive safety devices 20A and 20B have been described. However, the configurations of the explosive safety devices 20, 20A and 20B are merely examples, and not only the type of ammunition (for example, mine, torpedo, drop type) Ammunition, etc.) and the type of explosive to be decomposed (for example, not only nitric acid explosives for ammunition and plastic explosives, but also explosives for deploying automobile airbags and rocket propulsion). The configuration may be changed as appropriate without departing from the above.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a shell 100 including an explosive safety device 20 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a detailed block diagram of the explosive safety device 20 which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the explosive safety device 20 which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the explosive safety device 20A which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the explosive safety device 20B which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Artillery shell, 10 ... Fuze, 20 ... Explosives safety device, 30 ... Artillery main body, 40 ... Glaze, 21 ... Housing, 22 ... Decomposition agent container, 23 ... Activator container, 24 ... Arrival timing control part, BZ ... Decomposing agent, KZ ... Activator

Claims (8)

A decomposing agent container filled with a decomposing agent consisting of a microorganism or chemical synthesis agent that decomposes the explosive;
Arrival timing regulation means for regulating the timing at which the decomposing agent reaches the explosive from the decomposing agent container;
An explosive safety device comprising: In the case where the explosive is a nitrate explosive,
2. The explosive safety device according to claim 1, wherein a Baltic microorganism is used as the decomposing agent. In the case where the decomposition target of the decomposition agent is an explosive loaded on a rotating projectile,
The arrival timing regulating means is
A supply path of a decomposing agent to reach the explosive;
A moving body provided with a through-hole and moving by centrifugal force,
The moving body is disposed so as to cut the supply path before the generation of the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the rotating flying body, and after the generation of the centrifugal force, the supply path is communicated with the through hole. The explosive safety device according to claim 1, wherein the explosive safety device moves. In the case of using a microorganism as the decomposing agent,
The activator container which is filled with the activator for activating the microorganisms and which communicates with the decomposing agent container by an impact generated at the start of flight of the rotary projectile is provided. Explosive safety device. In the case where the decomposition target of the decomposition agent is an explosive loaded in a casing installed at a predetermined position,
The arrival timing regulating means is
A supply path of a decomposing agent to reach the explosive;
A blocking plate for blocking the supply path,
3. The explosive safety device according to claim 1, wherein the blocking plate is made of a material in which a hole for communicating the supply path is formed due to deterioration with time or erosion by the decomposition agent. In the case of using a microorganism as the decomposing agent,
An activator container that is disposed opposite to the decomposing agent container across the blocking plate and filled with an activator for activating the microorganisms;
6. The explosive safety device according to claim 5, wherein an opposite side of the blocking plate in the activator container communicates with a supply path for the decomposing agent. In the case where the decomposition target of the decomposition agent is an explosive loaded in a casing installed at a predetermined position,
The delivery timing regulating means has a supply path of a decomposition agent from the decomposition agent container to the explosive, the entire length of which is set in consideration of the timing when the decomposition agent reaches the explosive. Explosive safety device according to 2. In the case of using a microorganism as the decomposing agent,
The explosive safety device according to claim 7, wherein a part or all of the supply path is filled with an activator for activating the microorganism.

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