JP2009263359A - Maturing, normalizing or stabilizing agent of blood vessel - Google Patents
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本発明は、シリンガレシノールからなる、血管の成熟化、正常化、安定化剤、又はTie2活性化剤(Tie2リン酸化剤)(以下、これらを単に「剤」と総称することがある)を提供する。 The present invention is a vascular maturation, normalization, stabilizer, or Tie2 activator (Tie2 phosphorylating agent) comprising syringaresinol (hereinafter, these may be simply referred to as “agent”). I will provide a.
血管は血管内皮細胞に対して、血管内皮細胞の外腔面から、血管壁細胞と総称される血管平滑筋細胞やペリサイトが、細胞外マトリックスを介して、あるいは直接的に接着している。血管径の大きさによっては内皮細胞と壁細胞の接着する比率が異なり、大血管系では、1層の内皮細胞に、複数層の壁細胞が裏打ちしており、中、小血管では、内皮細胞1細胞に壁細胞が1細胞裏打ちするものが多く、また、さらに径の細い血管では、1個の壁細胞が複数の内皮細胞に接着している。このように、壁細胞が血管内皮細胞に対し裏打ちすることは血管の構造的な「成熟化」過程にとって重要である。また、血管内皮細胞同士の接着により、血管内環境因子(細胞および液性因子)が容易には血管外に漏出しないような内皮細胞間の接着斑を形成することが、機能的な血管の「成熟化」過程にとって重要である。さらに、組織の酸素や栄養分の需要に応じて、とくにそれらが不足する際には、血管は管腔を拡大化させることで血流を増加させ、酸素、養分を組織に十分に行き渡らせるように調節する。つまり、血管内皮細胞同士が接着斑を形成することで透過性を制御し、血管内皮細胞が壁細胞の裏打ちを伴うことにより構造的安定化させ、血管腔を大中小に制御していく過程を、「血管成熟化」と定義する。 In the blood vessel, vascular smooth muscle cells and pericytes collectively called vascular wall cells are adhered to the vascular endothelial cells via the extracellular matrix or directly from the outer surface of the vascular endothelial cells. The ratio of adhesion between endothelial cells and wall cells differs depending on the size of the blood vessel diameter. In the large vascular system, one layer of endothelial cells is lined with multiple layers of wall cells. In many cases, one wall cell is lined with one cell, and in a blood vessel having a smaller diameter, one wall cell adheres to a plurality of endothelial cells. Thus, the lining of wall cells against vascular endothelial cells is important for the structural “maturation” process of blood vessels. In addition, adhesion between vascular endothelial cells can form adhesion spots between endothelial cells so that intravascular environmental factors (cells and humoral factors) do not easily leak out of the blood vessel. It is important for the “maturation” process. Furthermore, depending on the demand for oxygen and nutrients in the tissue, especially when they are deficient, the blood vessels increase blood flow by expanding the lumen so that oxygen and nutrients can be adequately distributed to the tissue. Adjust. In other words, the process of controlling the permeability by controlling adhesion by forming adhesion spots between vascular endothelial cells, structurally stabilizing vascular endothelial cells with wall cell lining, and controlling the vascular cavity to large, medium and small , Defined as “blood vessel maturation”.
また、種々の病態では、血管構造の乱れた血管が構築され、内皮細胞同士の接着が抑制されたり、壁細胞の内皮細胞への接着が欠損した未熟な血管が形成されている。これらが無秩序な血管透過性の亢進を招くことで、組織内と血管内の液性因子や細胞の交通が異常となる。透過性が亢進すれば組織浮腫が生じ、組織の機能不全の原因となり、また炎症細胞の浸潤が無秩序に生じることで炎症を招く。さらに壁細胞は既存の血管からの血管の発芽を抑制していることから、壁細胞の伴わない血管からは血管の発芽が過剰となり、無秩序な血管の発芽が誘導され病態の悪化をもたらす。このような現象は、糖尿病性網膜症や腫瘍、炎症に代表される病態で観察される。つまり、血管透過性の破たんした血管や血管の無秩序な増生をまねくような異常な血管を、内皮細胞同士の接着をたかめ、壁細胞の内皮細胞への裏打ちを促進することにより、血管を正常な状態にすることを「血管正常化」と定義する。また、上記のような異常な血管は、糖尿病、高脂血症、高血圧などにより、血流内外環境因子の変化が内皮細胞や壁細胞に障害(細胞死など)を与えたり、がんや炎症により血管新生促進因子の過度の産生上昇が引き金になって生じる。このような病態が発生した際に、既存の血管に対する障害を抑制し、内皮細胞同士の解離を抑制したり、内皮細胞と壁細胞の解離を抑制することを「血管安定化」と定義する。また、この安定化には内皮細胞の細胞死を抑制する機構も含まれる。 In various pathological conditions, blood vessels with disordered blood vessel structures are constructed, and immature blood vessels are formed in which adhesion between endothelial cells is suppressed or adhesion of wall cells to endothelial cells is lost. These cause disordered increase in vascular permeability, thereby causing abnormal humoral factors and cellular traffic in the tissues and blood vessels. Increased permeability causes tissue edema, causes tissue dysfunction, and causes inflamed inflammatory cell infiltration, resulting in inflammation. Furthermore, since mural cells suppress sprouting of blood vessels from existing blood vessels, sprouting of blood vessels becomes excessive from blood vessels not accompanied by mural cells, and disordered sprouting of blood vessels is induced, resulting in worsening of the disease state. Such a phenomenon is observed in pathological conditions represented by diabetic retinopathy, tumor, and inflammation. In other words, blood vessels that have broken vascular permeability and abnormal blood vessels that cause disordered growth of blood vessels are promoted by lining the endothelial cells to the endothelial cells by increasing adhesion between the endothelial cells, thereby making the blood vessels normal. The state is defined as “normalization of blood vessels”. In addition, abnormal blood vessels such as those described above may cause changes in the internal and external blood flow factors, such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension, which may cause damage (cell death, etc.) to endothelial cells and mural cells, as well as cancer and inflammation. This triggers an excessive increase in the production of angiogenesis-promoting factors. When such a pathological condition occurs, it is defined as “blood vessel stabilization” to suppress damage to existing blood vessels, suppress dissociation of endothelial cells, or suppress dissociation of endothelial cells and wall cells. This stabilization also includes a mechanism for suppressing cell death of endothelial cells.
血管新生とは既存の血管から新たな血管のネットワークが形成される現象であり、腫瘍、慢性関節リウマチ、糖尿病網膜症、高脂血症、高血圧などの血管病変を主体とした疾患と深く関わっている。VEGF(vascular endothelial growth factor:血管内皮細胞増殖因子)が分子クローニングされたのを皮切りに血管形成に特異的に作用する因子としてVEGFファミリーとアンジオポエチン(angiopoietin;Ang)ファミリーの分子が次々に同定されてきた。VEGFとその受容体は脈管形成とよばれる血管の初期発生からその後の血管新生に至るまで非常に広い範囲の血管形成に関与する。一方、Angは脈管形成後、血管内皮細胞による発芽、分枝、嵌入、退縮などの細胞現象を伴った管腔形成において機能する。Angは血管内皮細胞に発現する受容体型チロシンキナーゼTie(tyrosine kinase with Ig and EGF homology domain)-2を介し、血管内皮細胞と、周皮細胞(ペリサイト)や血管平滑筋細胞のような血管壁細胞との接着を制御し、血管の構造的安定化に機能している(非特許文献1)。 Angiogenesis is a phenomenon in which a new blood vessel network is formed from existing blood vessels, and is deeply related to diseases mainly consisting of vascular lesions such as tumors, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetic retinopathy, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. Yes. Beginning with the molecular cloning of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), molecules of the VEGF family and angiopoietin (Angopoietin; Ang) family have been identified one after another as factors that act specifically on angiogenesis. It was. VEGF and its receptors are involved in a very wide range of angiogenesis, from the initial development of blood vessels called angiogenesis to subsequent angiogenesis. On the other hand, Ang functions in luminal formation accompanied by cellular phenomena such as germination, branching, insertion, and retraction by vascular endothelial cells after angiogenesis. Ang is a receptor-type tyrosine kinase expressed in vascular endothelial cells, Tie (tyrosine kinase with Ig and EGF homology domain) -2, and vascular endothelial cells and vascular walls such as pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. It controls adhesion with cells and functions for structural stabilization of blood vessels (Non-patent Document 1).
これまでにAng-1〜4までの4つのアイソフォームが知られ、Ang-1, Ang-2はヒト、マウスいずれにも存在するが、Ang-3はマウス、Ang-4はヒトに存在する。壁細胞から分泌されたAng-1,-4はTie-2を刺激し細胞内チロシンキナーゼドメインの自己リン酸化を惹起し、インテグリンの活性化、焦点接着キナーゼ(focal adhesion kinase; FAK)の活性化、PI3K/Akt(phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase;PI3K, serine-threonine kinase: Akt)の活性化を伴い、内皮細胞と壁細胞の接着を誘導する。正酸素状態では内皮細胞は壁細胞が恒常的に分泌するAng-1,-4により内皮細胞-壁細胞間の接着が維持されているが、局所的に低酸素状態が生じると、Ang-1,-4のアンタゴニストであるAng-2,-3の産生が高まり、Tie2の活性化を一時的に抑制し、内皮細胞とそれを裏打ちした壁細胞の接着が抑制される。そして壁細胞の解離により内皮細胞は増殖し発芽的血管新生を開始し、新しい血管網の形成に至る。Tie2の活性化は内皮細胞と壁細胞の接着を誘導することで、血管構造の安定化に寄与し、また、内皮細胞同士の接着を促進して血管透過性を制御する。また、Tie2の活性化は、内皮細胞の細胞死を抑制することも知られていることから(非特許文献2)、種々の細胞内外の血管構造を破たんさせる環境因子に対しては、Tie2の活性化を誘導して、血管の不安定化を抑制して、血管を安定化および正常化させることが可能である。また、血管再生医療において、血管内皮細胞によって構築された血管においては、Tie2の活性化を誘導することにより、内皮細胞と壁細胞の接着を誘導して血管の成熟化が可能である。また、腫瘍や糖尿病性網膜症などで観察される、壁細胞が内皮細胞に接着しないことによる無秩序な血管が増生するような疾患では、Tie2の活性化により、壁細胞を内皮細胞に接着させ、血管を正常化させることが可能である。また文献によれば(非特許文献3)、Tie2の活性化は、血管腔を拡大化することが報告されており、血管狭小化あるいは血管拡大化の抑制が原因となって生じる虚血性疾患においてはTie2の活性化により、血管腔を拡大化して病態の改善を図ることが可能である。 So far, four isoforms from Ang-1 to 4 are known, Ang-1 and Ang-2 exist in both humans and mice, but Ang-3 exists in mice and Ang-4 exists in humans. . Ang-1, -4 secreted from mural cells stimulates Tie-2 and induces autophosphorylation of intracellular tyrosine kinase domain, integrin activation, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation Involves activation of PI3K / Akt (phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase; PI3K, serine-threonine kinase: Akt) and induces adhesion between endothelial cells and mural cells. In normoxia, endothelial cells maintain their adhesion between endothelial cells and mural cells by Ang-1, -4, which is constantly secreted by mural cells, but when hypoxia occurs locally, Ang-1 , -4 antagonist Ang-2, -3 production is increased, Tie2 activation is temporarily suppressed, and adhesion between endothelial cells and wall cells lining it is suppressed. Endothelial cells proliferate by the dissociation of mural cells and initiate sprouting angiogenesis, leading to the formation of new vascular networks. Tie2 activation induces adhesion between endothelial cells and mural cells, thereby contributing to the stabilization of the vascular structure, and promotes adhesion between endothelial cells to control vascular permeability. In addition, since activation of Tie2 is also known to suppress cell death of endothelial cells (Non-patent Document 2), Tie2 is effective against environmental factors that disrupt various intracellular and external vascular structures. Activation can be induced to suppress vascular destabilization and stabilize and normalize blood vessels. In blood vessel regenerative medicine, in blood vessels constructed by vascular endothelial cells, by inducing Tie2 activation, adhesion between endothelial cells and wall cells can be induced to mature blood vessels. In addition, in diseases such as tumors and diabetic retinopathy, where disordered blood vessels grow due to the inability of mural cells to adhere to endothelial cells, activation of Tie2 causes mural cells to adhere to endothelial cells, It is possible to normalize blood vessels. According to the literature (Non-Patent Document 3), it has been reported that the activation of Tie2 enlarges the blood vessel cavity, and ischemic disease caused by narrowing of the blood vessel or suppression of the blood vessel enlargement. The activation of Tie2 can enlarge the vascular space and improve the pathological condition.
また最近ではAngの構造上の特徴であるcoiled-coiledドメインとfibrinogen-likeドメインを有する複数の分子が発見されている。これらはいずれもTie-1受容体、Tie-2受容体に結合能を示さないため、既存のAngファミリーとは異なる分子群とみなされ、アンジオポエチン様因子(Angiopoietin-like protein; Angptl)と命名され、Angptl-1,-2,-3,-4,-5,-6,-7が報告されている。いずれのAngptlも受容体は現時点では同定されていないオーファンリガンドであるが、これらにも多様な作用を示すことが期待される。 Recently, several molecules with coiled-coiled and fibrinogen-like domains, which are structural features of Ang, have been discovered. None of these have binding ability to Tie-1 receptor and Tie-2 receptor, so they are regarded as a different molecular group from the existing Ang family and named Angiopoietin-like protein (Angptl). Angptl-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6, -7 have been reported. All Angptl receptors are orphan ligands whose receptors have not been identified at the present time, but they are also expected to exhibit various actions.
血管内皮細胞以外ではTie2の活性化は細胞の休眠状態を誘導することが知られている。これまでの報告によると、造血幹細胞上のTie2の活性化が造血幹細胞の休眠を誘導することが報告されている(非特許文献4)。つまり、Tie2の活性化を誘導することで、造血幹細胞の試験管内での生存を長期維持できることが可能となる。また、これまでの報告によれば、Tie2の活性化がインテグリンなどの接着因子の活性化により、細胞外マトリックスなどへの細胞の接着を誘導することが知られている(非特許文献5)。このような細胞接着の誘導により、Tie2の活性化によって造血幹細胞は足場依存的な生存維持が生体内外で誘導可能となると考えられる。さらに、近年の報告によると、がんの組織中に存在する最も悪性度の高いとされ、がんの再発に関与するとされているがん幹細胞において、Tie2の発現が示唆されてきている(非特許文献6)。Tie2の活性化が、造血幹細胞の細胞周期を休眠状態に陥らせることが可能なように、がん幹細胞に発現するTie2の活性化によっても、がん幹細胞の増殖を抑制することが可能である。 Except for vascular endothelial cells, Tie2 activation is known to induce cell dormancy. According to previous reports, it has been reported that activation of Tie2 on hematopoietic stem cells induces dormancy of hematopoietic stem cells (Non-patent Document 4). That is, by inducing activation of Tie2, it is possible to maintain the long-term survival of hematopoietic stem cells in vitro. In addition, according to previous reports, it is known that activation of Tie2 induces cell adhesion to an extracellular matrix or the like by activation of an adhesion factor such as integrin (Non-patent Document 5). By inducing cell adhesion, hematopoietic stem cells can be induced to maintain anchorage-dependent survival in vivo and externally by activation of Tie2. Furthermore, recent reports have suggested that Tie2 is expressed in cancer stem cells that are considered to be the most malignant in cancer tissues and are involved in cancer recurrence (non- Patent Document 6). Just as activation of Tie2 can put the cell cycle of hematopoietic stem cells into a dormant state, activation of Tie2 expressed in cancer stem cells can also suppress the growth of cancer stem cells. .
本発明の課題は、新規な、血管の成熟化、正常化、安定化剤、及びTie2活性化(リン酸化)剤の提供にある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a novel vascular maturation, normalization, stabilizer, and Tie2 activation (phosphorylation) agent.
本発明者により、紫外線Bの照射を受けた皮膚組織中での挙動が詳細に検討された。紫外線Bの照射により表皮の肥厚、および皮膚血管形成が著しく惹起され、しわ形成が引き起こされた。このような光老化を受けた皮膚組織中ではAng-1の発現を有意に低下させ、Ang-2の発現はAng-1に対して増加したことが見出された。さらに皮膚組織切片からは紫外線照射によって壁細胞が血管内皮細胞から剥離している状態が観察された。これらの知見から、紫外線照射により内皮細胞と壁細胞の接着は抑制され、Tie2のリン酸化が抑制、即ちTie2の活性化が抑制された状態に誘導されることが示唆された。そして、Tie2を強制発現した血球系Baf3細胞やヒト臍帯静脈内皮細胞株HUVECを用い、様々な化合物を作用させて検討した実験から、シリンガレシノールにTie2を活性化する作用があることが見出された。 The inventor has studied in detail the behavior in the skin tissue irradiated with ultraviolet B. Irradiation with ultraviolet B significantly caused thickening of the epidermis and formation of skin blood vessels, causing wrinkle formation. It was found that the expression of Ang-1 was significantly decreased and the expression of Ang-2 was increased relative to Ang-1 in the skin tissue subjected to such photoaging. Furthermore, from the skin tissue section, it was observed that wall cells were detached from vascular endothelial cells by ultraviolet irradiation. From these findings, it was suggested that the irradiation between the endothelial cells and the wall cells was suppressed by ultraviolet irradiation, and Tie2 phosphorylation was suppressed, that is, Tie2 activation was suppressed. In addition, syringaresinol has been shown to have an effect of activating Tie2 from experiments conducted by using various compounds with blood cell line Baf3 cells forcibly expressing Tie2 and the human umbilical vein endothelial cell line HUVEC. It was issued.
従って、本願は下記の発明を包含する:
(1)シリンガレシノールからなる、血管の成熟化、正常化又は安定化剤。
(2)シリンガレシノールからなる、Tie2活性化(リン酸化)剤。
(3)(1)又は(2)の剤を配合してなる、皮膚外用剤、経口用組成物又は医薬組成物。
Accordingly, this application includes the following inventions:
(1) A vascular maturation, normalization or stabilization agent comprising syringaresinol.
(2) A Tie2 activation (phosphorylation) agent comprising syringaresinol.
(3) An external preparation for skin, an oral composition or a pharmaceutical composition, comprising the preparation of (1) or (2)
シリンガレシノールは植物に特有の抗酸化物質リグナン類化合物であり、高血圧症の改善効果やピロリ菌抑制効果を有することから、食品、飲料や医薬品に利用されている(例えば、特開平8-268887号公報、特開2004-352652号公報など)。シリンガレシノールは以下の化学構造を有する:
シリンガレシノールは公知の化合物であり、共にクスノキ目(Laurales)、クスノキ科(Lauraceae)のケイ(Cinnamomum cassia Blume)、特にその若枝(ケイシ)あるいは樹皮(ケイヒ)に含有される。いずれも血管の成熟化、正常化、安定化やTie2活性化(リン酸化)活性などの効果を有することなどは全く知られていない。本発明に係る剤のシリンガレシノールはケイシまたはケイヒなどの天然起源から抽出されたものであっても、あるいは合成されたものであってもよい。 Syringalesinol is a known compound, and it is contained in both Laurales and Lauraceae Cinnamomum cassia Blume, especially its shoots (bark) or bark (barb). None of them are known to have effects such as vascular maturation, normalization, stabilization and Tie2 activation (phosphorylation) activity. The syringaresinol of the agent according to the present invention may be extracted from natural sources such as Keishi or Keihi, or may be synthesized.
また、本発明のシリンガレシノールは無機塩又は有機塩であってもよい。塩としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、無機塩としては、塩酸塩、硫酸塩、リン酸塩、臭化水素酸塩、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、マグネシウム塩、カルシウム塩、アンモニウム塩等が挙げられる。有機塩としては、酢酸塩、乳酸塩、マレイン酸塩、フマル酸塩、酒石酸塩、クエン酸塩、メタンスルホン酸塩、p-トルエンスルホン酸塩、トリエタノールアミン塩、ジエタノールアミン塩、アミノ酸塩等が挙げられる。 Further, the syringaresinol of the present invention may be an inorganic salt or an organic salt. The salt is not particularly limited, and examples of the inorganic salt include hydrochloride, sulfate, phosphate, hydrobromide, sodium salt, potassium salt, magnesium salt, calcium salt, ammonium salt and the like. . Organic salts include acetate, lactate, maleate, fumarate, tartrate, citrate, methanesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate, triethanolamine salt, diethanolamine salt, amino acid salt, etc. Can be mentioned.
Tie2の活性化とは、Tie2をリン酸化することで、その活性体(リン酸化Tie2)に変換できる能力を言う。Tie2の活性化剤としては、アンジオポエチン1などがTie2を活性化するものとして知られている。 Activation of Tie2 refers to the ability to phosphorylate Tie2 and convert it to its active form (phosphorylated Tie2). As an activator of Tie2, angiopoietin 1 and the like are known to activate Tie2.
本発明の剤やTie2活性化(リン酸化)剤は血管の構造変化を原因とする、種々の疾患および老化の予防、改善に有効な医薬品または化粧品として利用できる。本発明のTie2活性化(リン酸化)剤は、血管の正常化、安定化を誘導することにより、種々の炎症性疾患や免疫疾患、成人病など、例えば、種々の感染症、がん、関節リウマチ、痛風、高血圧、糖尿病、動脈硬化症、アトピー性皮膚炎などにおいて、血管新生や血管の破たんを伴う全身の病変部位の改善を図る医薬品として利用できる。また、血管透過性の抑制により、皮膚を含め臓器、器官、各種組織内の浮腫、たとえば炎症性疾患や免疫疾患、成人病による血管浮腫や、紫外線暴露や虫さされ、アレルギーなどによる血管透過性亢進による浮腫やかゆみなどの症状を改善する医薬品または化粧品として利用できる。さらに、Tie2リン酸化剤は、種々の要因によって誘導される内皮細胞の細胞死、たとえば炎症性疾患や免疫疾患、成人病など、例えば、種々の感染症、がん、関節リウマチ、痛風、高血圧、糖尿病、動脈硬化症、または放射線障害、種々の薬剤や紫外線による内皮細胞の細胞死を抑制して、血管の不安定化を抑制できる医薬品または化粧品として利用できる。Tie2リン酸化剤は血管成熟化や血管腔を拡大化することにより、外傷や縟そうなど創傷治癒の促進、血管再生医療における血管の成熟化、虚血性疾患、たとえば脳梗塞や心筋梗塞の改善剤として医薬品に利用でき、また、血流改善効果を利用して、腰痛症、凍傷、脱毛症などに対する内服および外用医薬品としても利用できる。脳血流の増大においては、痴呆症への応用も可能である。脱毛症に対しては、化粧品としての利用も可能である。また、がんにおいては、がん細胞の休眠を誘導する治療薬として、幹細胞においてはその生体内外での維持薬として利用が可能である。 The agent of the present invention and the Tie2 activating (phosphorylating) agent can be used as pharmaceuticals or cosmetics effective in preventing and improving various diseases and aging caused by structural changes in blood vessels. The Tie2 activating (phosphorylating) agent of the present invention induces normalization and stabilization of blood vessels, thereby causing various inflammatory diseases, immune diseases, adult diseases, etc., for example, various infectious diseases, cancer, joints, etc. In rheumatism, gout, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, arteriosclerosis, atopic dermatitis, etc., it can be used as a medicine for improving the lesion site of the whole body accompanied by neovascularization or vascular breakdown. In addition, by suppressing vascular permeability, edema in organs, organs and various tissues including the skin, such as inflammatory and immune diseases, vascular edema due to adult diseases, UV exposure, insect bites, allergies, etc. It can be used as a pharmaceutical or cosmetic to improve symptoms such as edema and itching caused by hypersensitivity. Furthermore, Tie2 phosphorylating agent is a cell death of endothelial cells induced by various factors, for example, inflammatory diseases, immune diseases, adult diseases, such as various infectious diseases, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, hypertension, It can be used as a pharmaceutical or a cosmetic that can suppress the destabilization of blood vessels by suppressing the death of endothelial cells due to diabetes, arteriosclerosis, radiation damage, various drugs or ultraviolet rays. Tie2 phosphorylating agent promotes wound healing such as trauma and pruritus by vascular maturation and enlargement of vascular cavity, maturation of blood vessels in revascularization medicine, ischemic disease such as cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction In addition, it can be used as a medicine for internal use and external use for low back pain, frostbite, alopecia, etc. by utilizing the effect of improving blood flow. In increasing cerebral blood flow, application to dementia is also possible. It can also be used as a cosmetic for alopecia. In cancer, it can be used as a therapeutic agent for inducing dormancy of cancer cells, and in stem cells as a maintenance agent in vivo and in vivo.
光老化とは、一般に日光に対する被曝が繰り返された結果として認められる皮膚の外見及び機能の変化を意味する。日光の構成要素である紫外線(UV)、特に中間UV(UVBと呼ばれる、波長290−320nm)が主として光老化を引き起こす。光老化を引き起こすのに必要なUVBの被曝量は現在のところ知られていない。しかしながら、紅斑や日焼けを引き起こすレベルでのUVBに対する繰り返しの被曝が、通常光老化に結びつく。臨床的には、光老化は肌荒れ、しわの形成、斑の着色、土色化、たるみの形成、毛細管拡張症の発症、ほくろの発生、紫斑病の発症、傷つき易くなる、萎縮、繊維症的色素除去領域の発生、前悪性腫瘍及び悪性腫瘍の発症等として特定され得る。光老化は普通、顔、耳、頭、首、と手のような、日光に習慣的に曝される皮膚に起こる。皮膚における老化においては、皮膚障害や紫外線に対する暴露による光老化が主因となるが、本Tie2リン酸化剤は、光老化の原因となる血管障害を抑制することにより、光老化の改善に利用できる。 Photoaging refers to changes in the appearance and function of the skin that are generally recognized as a result of repeated exposure to sunlight. Ultraviolet rays (UV), which is a component of sunlight, particularly intermediate UV (wavelength 290-320 nm, called UVB) mainly cause photoaging. The amount of UVB exposure necessary to cause photoaging is currently unknown. However, repeated exposure to UVB at levels that cause erythema and sunburn usually leads to photoaging. Clinically, photoaging is rough skin, wrinkle formation, spot coloration, soil coloration, sagging formation, onset of telangiectasia, development of mole, onset of purpura, vulnerable, atrophy, fibrosis It can be specified as the occurrence of a pigment removal region, the development of a pre-malignant tumor, a malignant tumor, and the like. Photoaging usually occurs in skin that is habitually exposed to sunlight, such as the face, ears, head, neck, and hands. In skin aging, photoaging due to skin damage or exposure to ultraviolet rays is the main cause, but this Tie2 phosphorylating agent can be used to improve photoaging by suppressing vascular damage that causes photoaging.
本発明の剤又はTie2活性化(リン酸化)剤は、その使用目的に合わせて用量、用法、剤型を適宜決定することが可能である。例えば、本発明の剤又はTie2活性化(リン酸化)剤の投与形態は、経口、非経口、外用等であってよい。剤型としては、例えば錠剤、粉剤、カプセル剤、顆粒剤、エキス剤、シロップ剤等の経口投与剤、又は注射剤、点滴剤、若しくは坐剤等の非経口投与剤軟膏、クリーム、乳液、ローション、パック、浴用剤等の外用剤を挙げることができる。 The dose, usage, and dosage form of the agent of the present invention or Tie2 activation (phosphorylation) agent can be appropriately determined according to the purpose of use. For example, the dosage form of the agent of the present invention or the Tie2 activation (phosphorylation) agent may be oral, parenteral, external use and the like. Examples of the dosage form include oral preparations such as tablets, powders, capsules, granules, extracts, and syrups, or parenteral preparations such as injections, drops, and suppositories, ointments, creams, emulsions, and lotions. And external preparations such as packs and bath preparations.
本発明の剤又はTie2活性化(リン酸化)剤中のシリンガレシノールの配合量は、用途に応じて適宜決定できるが、一般には剤全量中、0.0001〜20.0質量%、好ましくは0.0001〜10.0質量%である。 The amount of syringaresinol in the agent of the present invention or the Tie2 activating (phosphorylating) agent can be appropriately determined depending on the use, but is generally 0.0001 to 20.0 mass%, preferably 0.0001 to 10.0 in the total amount of the agent. % By mass.
また、本発明の剤又はTie2活性化(リン酸化)剤には、シリンガレシノール以外に、例えば、通常の食品や医薬品に使用される賦形剤、防湿剤、防腐剤、強化剤、増粘剤、乳化剤、酸化防止剤、甘味料、酸味料、調味料、着色料、香料等、化粧品等に通常用いられる美白剤、保湿剤、油性成分、紫外線吸収剤、界面活性剤、増粘剤、アルコール類、粉末成分、色剤、水性成分、水、各種皮膚栄養剤等を必要に応じて適宜配合することができる。 In addition to syringaresinol, the agent or Tie2 activating (phosphorylating) agent of the present invention includes, for example, excipients, moisture-proofing agents, preservatives, strengthening agents, potentiators, and additives used in ordinary foods and pharmaceuticals. Sticking agents, emulsifiers, antioxidants, sweeteners, acidulants, seasonings, coloring agents, fragrances, whitening agents, humectants, oily ingredients, UV absorbers, surfactants, thickeners commonly used in cosmetics, etc. Alcohols, powder components, colorants, aqueous components, water, various skin nutrients, and the like can be appropriately blended as necessary.
さらに、本発明の剤又はTie2活性化(リン酸化)剤を皮膚外用剤として使用する場合、皮膚外用剤に慣用の助剤、例えばエデト酸二ナトリウム、エデト酸三ナトリウム、クエン酸ナトリウム、ポリリン酸ナトリウム、メタリン酸ナトリウム、グルコン酸等の金属封鎖剤、カフェイン、タンニン、ベラパミル、トラネキサム酸およびその誘導体、甘草抽出物、グラブリジン、カリンの果実の熱水抽出物、各種生薬、酢酸トコフェロール、グリチルリチン酸およびその誘導体またはその塩等の薬剤、ビタミンC、アスコルビン酸リン酸マグネシウム、アスコルビン酸グルコシド、アルブチン、コウジ酸等の美白剤、グルコース、フルクトース、マンノース、ショ糖、トレハロース等の糖類、レチノイン酸、レチノール、酢酸レチノール、パルミチン酸レチノール等のビタミンA類なども適宜配合することができる。 Further, when the agent of the present invention or the Tie2 activating (phosphorylating) agent is used as a skin external preparation, auxiliary agents commonly used for skin external preparations such as disodium edetate, trisodium edetate, sodium citrate, polyphosphoric acid Metal sequestering agents such as sodium, sodium metaphosphate, gluconic acid, caffeine, tannin, verapamil, tranexamic acid and its derivatives, licorice extract, grabrizine, hot water extract of karin fruit, various herbal medicines, tocopherol acetate, glycyrrhizic acid And its derivatives or salts thereof, vitamin C, magnesium ascorbate phosphate, glucoside ascorbate, arbutin, kojic acid and other whitening agents, sugars such as glucose, fructose, mannose, sucrose, trehalose, retinoic acid, retinol , Retinol acetate, palmitic Vitamin A such as acid retinol can also be appropriately blended.
次に実施例によって本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。なお、本発明はこれにより限定されるものではない。配合量は質量%である。 Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. In addition, this invention is not limited by this. A compounding quantity is the mass%.
ケイシ熱水抽出乾燥残分の調製
ケイシ(ケイ:Cinnamomum cassia Blumeの枝部分)400.7gに水2Lを加え、3時間加熱抽出を行い、ろ過した。得られた残渣に水2Lを加え、同様の操作を繰り返し、加熱抽出をさらに2回行った。得られたろ液を凍結乾燥し、39.7gの熱水抽出乾燥残分を得た。
Preparation of dry residue of hot water extract from keishi 2L of water was added to 400.7 g of keishi (branch of Cinnamomum cassia Blume), followed by heat extraction for 3 hours and filtration. 2 L of water was added to the obtained residue, the same operation was repeated, and the heat extraction was further performed twice. The obtained filtrate was freeze-dried to obtain 39.7 g of a hot water extraction dry residue.
熱水抽出乾燥残分の分画および単離
熱水抽出乾燥残分 31.0gをSephadex LH-20 (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech AB)を用いて粗分画を行った。水溶出画分(2.7g)、50%メタノール溶出画分(8.5g)、メタノール溶出画分(4.9g)、アセトン溶出画分(0.5g)、および未溶出画分(7.4g)を得た。メタノール溶出画分についてアンバーライトXAD2(オルガノ(株))カラムにより分画し、次いでHPLC分取(カラム:Capcell Pak C18 AQ(株)資生堂製, 検出: UV210nm, 移動層: CH3CN/H2O混合系)によりシリンガレシノール(2.08mg)を単離した。
Fractionation and isolation of hot water extract dry residue 31.0 g of hot water extract dry residue was subjected to crude fractionation using Sephadex LH-20 (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech AB). A water-eluted fraction (2.7 g), a 50% methanol-eluted fraction (8.5 g), a methanol-eluted fraction (4.9 g), an acetone-eluted fraction (0.5 g), and an uneluted fraction (7.4 g) were obtained. . Fractionated by Amberlite XAD2 (Organo Corporation) column for methanol eluted fraction, then HPLC fractionation (column: Capcell Pak C18 AQ Corporation manufactured by Shiseido Co., detection: UV 210 nm, mobile phase: CH 3 CN / H 2 Siringalesinol (2.08 mg) was isolated by O mixture).
Tie2リン酸化評価方法
Wild type Tie2を強制発現した血球系Baf3細胞をRPMI1640培地中、IL-3(BIOSOURCE, PMC0034)、10% FCS存在下にてインキュベーションした。細胞刺激の前日よりFCSを除いた状態で、6ウエルプレートを用いて2X10 6 細胞 /1.5mL/ウエルで播種し一晩インキュベーションした。上記シリンガレシノール、陽性コントロールとしてAngiopoietin-1(R&D system, 923-AN )又は陰性コントロールとしてDMSOをそれぞれ最終濃度が100ppm、0.5ppm、1000ppmとなるようにウエルに添加し、10分間のインキュベーション後、細胞を氷上で冷却し、冷PBSで洗浄した。タンパク質分解酵素阻害剤(Leupeptin, Aprotinin, Pepstatin, PMSF, Na3VO4)を含んだRIPA buffer中、 細胞を超音波破砕した。sample buffer ( 0.2 M Tris-HCl (pH 6. 8), 4% SDS, 20 % glycerol, 5 mM EDTA,, 0.01% BPB) を加え、SDS-PAGE(7.5%ポリアクリルアミドゲル, 12ウエル, NPU-7.5L, アトー(株))を以下の条件で行った:
ゲル:7.5%アクリルアミドゲル(NPU-7.5L アトー株式会社製)
泳動条件:40mA(75分、ゲル2枚)
Tie2抗体:sc-324(Santa Cruz Biotechnology製)
Phospho-Tie2抗体:#4221(Cell Signaling製)
Tie2 phosphorylation evaluation method
Blood type Baf3 cells forcibly expressing Wild type Tie2 were incubated in RPMI1640 medium in the presence of IL-3 (BIOSOURCE, PMC0034) and 10% FCS. With FCS removed from the day before cell stimulation, the cells were seeded at 2 × 10 6 cells / 1.5 mL / well using a 6-well plate and incubated overnight. Add the above syringalesinol, Angiopoietin-1 (R & D system, 923-AN) as a positive control, or DMSO as a negative control to the final concentrations of 100 ppm, 0.5 ppm, and 1000 ppm, respectively, and incubate for 10 minutes The cells were chilled on ice and washed with cold PBS. Cells were sonicated in a RIPA buffer containing a protease inhibitor (Leupeptin, Aprotinin, Pepstatin, PMSF, Na 3 VO 4 ). Add sample buffer (0.2 M Tris-HCl (pH 6.8), 4% SDS, 20% glycerol, 5 mM EDTA, 0.01% BPB) and add SDS-PAGE (7.5% polyacrylamide gel, 12 wells, NPU- 7.5L, Ato Inc.) was performed under the following conditions:
Gel: 7.5% acrylamide gel (NPU-7.5L manufactured by ATTO Corporation)
Electrophoretic conditions: 40 mA (75 minutes, 2 gels)
Tie2 antibody: sc-324 (manufactured by Santa Cruz Biotechnology)
Phospho-Tie2 antibody: # 4221 (manufactured by Cell Signaling)
次いでWestern blotting(20V, 4℃, 終夜)によりPVDF膜へ転写した。5 % スキムミルク/TBSTによりブロッキング(1時間)を行い、その後Tie-2(Santa Cruz, sc-324)あるいはリン酸化Tie2(Cell Signaling, #4221)を加え、4℃で一晩放置した。次いでヤギ-抗ウサギIg's HRP(BIOSOURCE ALI3404)を加え、室温で1時間放置した。化学発光検出(ECL)により、タンパク質のバンドを検出した。 Subsequently, it was transferred to a PVDF membrane by Western blotting (20 V, 4 ° C., overnight). After blocking with 5% skim milk / TBST (1 hour), Tie-2 (Santa Cruz, sc-324) or phosphorylated Tie2 (Cell Signaling, # 4221) was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand overnight at 4 ° C. Then goat-anti-rabbit Ig's HRP (BIOSOURCE ALI3404) was added and left at room temperature for 1 hour. Protein bands were detected by chemiluminescence detection (ECL).
図1はシリンガレシノールを用いた実験による結果を示す。シリンガレシノールはAng-1と同様、Tie2のリン酸化をもたらすことが認められた。なお、陰性コントロールであるDMSOを添加した系ではTie2の顕著なリン酸化は認められなかった(図示せず)。従って、シリンガレシノールがTie2リン酸化効果を示し、血管成熟化、血管正常化、血管安定化をもたらし、その結果血管新生を抑制できることが示唆された。 FIG. 1 shows the results of experiments using syringaresinol. As with Ang-1, syringaresinol was found to cause phosphorylation of Tie2. In the system added with DMSO as a negative control, no significant phosphorylation of Tie2 was observed (not shown). Therefore, it was suggested that syringaresinol exhibits a Tie2 phosphorylation effect and brings about vascular maturation, vascular normalization, and vascular stabilization, and as a result, angiogenesis can be suppressed.
2)正常ヒトさい帯静脈血管内皮細胞(HUVEC)を用いて、同様にTie2リン酸化を評価した。細胞刺激の3時間前に培地をHumediaからRPMI1640に換え、以下はBaf3細胞と同様に評価した。その結果を図2に示す。Baf3の結果と同様に、シリンガレシノールはAng-1と同様、Tie2のリン酸化をもたらした。なお、陰性コントロールであるDMSOを添加した系ではTie2の顕著なリン酸化は認められなかった(図示せず)。 2) Tie2 phosphorylation was similarly evaluated using normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The medium was changed from Humedia to RPMI1640 3 hours before cell stimulation, and the following evaluation was performed in the same manner as Baf3 cells. The result is shown in FIG. Similar to Baf3 results, syringaresinol, like Ang-1, resulted in phosphorylation of Tie2. In the system added with DMSO as a negative control, no significant phosphorylation of Tie2 was observed (not shown).
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