JP2009248196A - Chucking device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a chucking device capable of accurately positioning a chuck body on an adapter fixed to a spindle, fixing the chuck body to the adapter by clamping force of a compression spring and grasping a workpiece on the chuck body by urging force of a gas spring. <P>SOLUTION: The chucking device 1 mounted on the spindle of a machine tool has an adapter 2 for attaching a chuck, the chuck body 101, a positioning mechanism 70, a clamping mechanism 8, a torque transmitting mechanism 70, and a chucking mechanism 105. The chucking mechanism includes a plurality of jaw members mounted to be radially movable on the chuck body, the gas spring 115 provided inside the chuck body, an open/close mechanism 110 for converting driving force output from an output member 117 of the gas spring for driving in a direction parallel to the spindle axis into grasping force for driving the plurality of jaw members in a radial direction, and a gas chamber formed in the chuck body and communicating with a gas working chamber 119 of the gas spring. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a chuck device that can be mounted on a spindle of a machine tool, and relates to a chuck device that can be separated from a spindle while gripping a workpiece.

  Various chuck devices have been put to practical use as chuck devices that can be mounted on the spindle of a machine tool. If the workpiece can be removed from the spindle while gripping the workpiece with the chuck device, measure the dimension of the machined workpiece and then re-fix it to the spindle to perform the remaining machining, or use a chuck device with the workpiece. It can be attached to a spindle of another machine tool and subjected to another cutting process. As a result, it becomes possible to increase the accuracy of the cutting process, increase the operating rate of the machine tool, and enable mixed flow production such as flowing a plurality of types of workpieces to a common cutting line.

  For example, in the chucking jig described in Patent Document 1, a chuck mechanism including a taper shaft portion that can be fitted into a taper hole of the main shaft at the rear portion of the chuck body, and including three jaw members at the front end portion of the chuck body. And a compressed air accumulator in which compressed air is sealed in the chuck body and a compressed air accumulator filled with the compressed air and communicated with the air operating chamber of the compressed air spring. The chucking jig can be removed from the main shaft while the work is gripped by three jaw members by the urging force of the compressed air spring.

  In the chuck exchanging device described in Patent Literature 2, two systems of fluid supply / discharge coupler mechanisms are provided on the chuck body and the spindle-side adapter, and the dog clutch coupling provided on the adapter and the chuck body is brought into contact with the chuck body. The chuck body can be fixed to the adapter by inserting the adapter-side drawing block into the locking hole at the center of the rear part of the body and locking it.

In addition, the chuck body is provided with a fluid pressure cylinder for driving three jaw members, and the fluid pressure cylinder has a front chamber and a rear chamber through the two fluid supply / discharge coupler mechanisms and two check valves. A pressurized fluid accumulator communicated with the front chamber of the fluid pressure cylinder and a pressurized fluid accumulator communicated with the rear chamber of the fluid pressure cylinder are provided in the chuck body. It is. Also in this chuck exchanging device, the chuck exchanging device can be detached from the adapter while the work is gripped by a plurality of jaw members by the driving force of the fluid pressure cylinder.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-28324 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-138017

  The chucking jig disclosed in Patent Document 1 does not have a configuration in which the end face of the collar portion at the front end of the taper shaft portion of the chuck body is brought into contact with the tip of the spindle, so that the chuck body is positioned with high accuracy in the axial direction of the spindle. Can not. Therefore, when the chucking jig is removed from the main spindle during the cutting process and the workpiece dimensions are measured, the chucking jig is mounted on the original main spindle or another main spindle again and the work is cut again. It is not possible to ensure the cutting accuracy.

Since the fluid pressure cylinder in the chuck body of Patent Document 2 is not a gas spring having a structure in which pressurized fluid is sealed, but is configured so that pressurized fluid can be supplied to and discharged from its front chamber and rear chamber, the spindle of the machine tool Two fluid passages must be formed in the inside, and the structure of the main shaft is complicated.
Furthermore, when the pressurized fluid in the rear chamber is discharged for gripping the workpiece, the pressurized fluid in the pressurized fluid accumulator communicated with the rear chamber is also discharged, and the pressurized fluid in the front chamber is discharged. When doing so, the pressurized fluid accumulator communicated with the front chamber is also discharged, so that the pressurized fluid accumulator hardly functions.

  In addition, the chuck body is positioned to the adapter via a small dog clutch-like clutch mechanism, and the rotational force of the spindle is transmitted to the chuck body. Therefore, the chuck body can be positioned to the adapter with high accuracy in three dimensions. It is not suitable for transmitting a strong rotational force from the main shaft.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a chuck device capable of positioning the chuck body with high accuracy to an adapter fixed to the spindle of a machine tool, a chuck device capable of fixing the chuck body to the adapter with a clamping force of a compression spring, and a work piece gas to the chuck body. It is an object of the present invention to provide a chuck device that can be gripped by a biasing force of a spring.

  The chuck device according to claim 1, wherein the chuck device is detachably mounted on a spindle of a machine tool, a chuck mounting adapter fixed to a tip of the spindle, a chuck body fixed to the adapter detachably, The adapter includes a positioning mechanism for positioning the chuck body in a direction parallel to the axis of the main shaft and a direction orthogonal to the axis, and a compression spring for generating a clamping force for fixing the chuck body to the adapter so that the chuck body can be released. A clamping mechanism, a rotational force transmission mechanism capable of transmitting rotational force from the adapter to the chuck body, and a chuck mechanism for gripping a workpiece provided on the chuck body, the chuck mechanism having a diameter on the chuck body. A plurality of jaw members movably mounted in a direction, a gas spring provided inside the chuck body, and the gas An opening / closing mechanism that converts a driving force that is output from a spring output member in a direction parallel to the spindle axis to a gripping force that drives a plurality of jaw members in a radial direction, and is formed in the chuck body and filled with compressed gas And a gas chamber communicated with the gas working chamber of the gas spring.

  The chuck mechanism provided on the chuck body grips the workpiece by the driving force of the gas spring. Since the gas chamber communicated with the gas spring is provided in the chuck body, the workpiece is moved by the chuck mechanism by unclamping the clamp mechanism. The chuck main body can be detached from the adapter while holding the chuck, and the chuck main body can be fixed to the adapter again.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the chuck device according to the first aspect, wherein the positioning mechanism is formed on the chuck main body so as to engage with the taper engagement male portion formed on the adapter and the taper engagement male portion. A taper engagement female portion, and at least one of the taper engagement male portion and the taper engagement female portion is configured to closely engage the other through elastic deformation in the radial direction. It is a feature.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the chuck device according to the second aspect, wherein the positioning mechanism includes a seating surface formed on the annular portion of the adapter, and a contact portion formed on the chuck main body and contacting the seating surface. The taper engaging male part and the taper engaging female part are in close contact with each other, and the contact part is in contact with the seating surface.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the chuck device according to the second or third aspect, wherein the taper engaging male part is formed in a polygon having a plurality of arcuate corners having a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft protruding outward. In addition, the diameter of the chuck main body is reduced.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the chuck device according to the fourth aspect of the invention, wherein the rotational force transmission mechanism includes the tapered engagement male portion and the tapered engagement female portion.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the clamping device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the clamping mechanism includes a ball lock mechanism provided on the adapter and the chuck body, the compression spring, and an urging force of the compression spring. And a spring receiving member biased toward the main shaft side.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the chuck device according to the sixth aspect of the invention, wherein the chuck mechanism is an operation rod provided in an insertion shape in the spring receiving member, and operates the piston member of the gas spring to the grip release side. It is equipped with a possible operating rod.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the invention of the sixth aspect, the piston member of the gas spring is provided with a compressed gas filling valve.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the chuck mounting adapter, the positioning mechanism, the clamp mechanism, the rotational force transmission mechanism, and the chuck mechanism for gripping the workpiece are provided, and the chuck mechanism includes a plurality of jaw members, Since a gas spring that generates a force for gripping the plurality of jaw members, an opening / closing mechanism, and a gas chamber are provided, the chuck body can be positioned with high accuracy on the adapter and fixed by the clamp mechanism. In addition, the workpiece can be firmly gripped by driving a plurality of jaw members provided on the chuck body with a gas spring, and the chuck body can be detached from the adapter while the workpiece is gripped.

  Since the clamp mechanism has a compression spring that generates a clamping force, it is not necessary to form a fluid passage for generating the clamping force in the main shaft, and the internal structure of the main shaft can be simplified. Since the plurality of jaw members are driven by the gas springs via the opening / closing mechanism, the workpiece can be held even when the chuck body is separated from the adapter. Since the gas chamber communicating with the gas working chamber of the gas spring is provided in the chuck body, the reliability of the gas spring, that is, the chuck mechanism can be ensured.

  According to the invention of claim 2, the positioning mechanism includes a taper engagement male part formed on the adapter and a taper engagement female part formed on the chuck body, and the taper engagement male part and the taper engagement female part. Since at least one of them is configured to closely engage the other through elastic deformation in the radial direction, positioning accuracy in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft can be improved.

  According to the invention of claim 3, when the seating surface formed on the adapter and the taper engaging male part and the taper engaging female part are in close contact with each other, the abutting contact is made with the seating surface. Since the contact portion is provided, the chuck body can be three-dimensionally positioned with respect to the adapter.

  According to the invention of claim 4, the taper engaging male part is formed in a polygon having a plurality of arcuate corners whose cross section perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft is convex outward, and the diameter decreases toward the chuck body side. Since it comprised in this way, the rotational force transmission mechanism which transmits a rotational force from an adapter to a chuck | zipper main body can be comprised by a taper engagement male part and a taper engagement female part like Claim 5.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the rotational force transmission mechanism capable of transmitting rotational force from the adapter to the chuck body is composed of the taper engaging male part and the taper engaging female part. A rotational force transmission mechanism capable of transmitting a large rotational force via a large contact surface with the engaging female portion is provided.

  According to the invention of claim 6, the clamp mechanism includes an adapter, a ball lock mechanism provided on the chuck body, the compression spring, and a spring receiving member that is biased toward the main shaft by the biasing force of the compression spring. Because it is equipped, it is excellent in reliability to maintain the clamped state.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the chuck mechanism is an operation rod provided in an insert shape in the spring receiving member, and includes an operation rod capable of operating the piston member of the gas spring to the grip release side. By pressing the rod toward the grip release side, the workpiece can be released.

  According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, since the compressed gas filling valve is provided on the piston member of the gas spring, the compressed gas filling valve can be provided at the center of the chuck body, and the center of gravity position of the chuck body is determined by the chuck. Since there is no deviation from the center of the main body, an unbalanced centrifugal force is not generated.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out a chuck device according to the present invention will be described based on examples.

  A chuck device 1 according to the present invention is a chuck device 1 that is detachably mounted on a spindle 80 of a machine tool. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, the chuck device 1 includes a chuck mounting adapter 2 fixed to the tip of a main shaft 80, a chuck body 101 detachably fixed to the adapter 2, and a chuck attached to the adapter 2. A positioning mechanism 70 for positioning the main body 101 in a direction parallel to the axis of the main shaft 80 and a direction perpendicular to the axis is provided, and a compression spring 21 for generating a clamping force for fixing the chuck main body 101 to the adapter 2 so as to be unlocked. A clamping mechanism 8, a rotational force transmission mechanism 72 capable of transmitting a rotational force from the adapter 2 to the chuck body 101, and a workpiece gripping mechanism 105 provided on the chuck body 101. In the following description, the front end side (right side in FIG. 1) of the main shaft 80 is assumed to be the front, and the left side in FIG. 1 is assumed to be the rear.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 5 to 7, the adapter 2 is fixed to the distal end of the main shaft 80 with a plurality of bolts (not shown) and to the adapter base 5 with a plurality of bolts 7. Adapter body 6. The adapter base 5 is a cylindrical member. A shaft hole 5a is formed in the center portion, a circular concave portion 5b is formed on the rear surface side, and a circular concave portion 5c having a predetermined depth is formed on the front surface side. ing.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the adapter main body 6 includes a front disc portion 6a, a rear cylinder 6c projecting rearward from the rear end of the disc portion 6a, and a front portion from the front end of the disc portion 6a. And a front tube 6b that protrudes toward the bottom. The rear cylinder 6c is fitted in the circular recess 5c, and the rear cylinder 6c is formed with a cylinder hole 16 that opens rearward. A tapered engaging male part 11 is formed at the rear part of the front cylinder 6b, and a clamping cylinder part 12 is formed at the front part of the front cylinder 6b.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the chuck main body 101 includes a chuck main body member 102 and a ring member 4 fixed to the rear end surface of the chuck main body member 102.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 3 to 7, the positioning mechanism 70 includes a tapered engagement male part 11 formed on the adapter body 6 and the chuck body 101 so as to engage with the tapered engagement male part 11. A taper engagement female portion 13 formed on the ring member 4, and at least one of the taper engagement male portion 11 and the taper engagement female portion 13 is engaged in close contact with the other through elastic deformation in the radial direction. Is configured to do. However, in the case of the present embodiment, the taper engagement male part 11 and the taper engagement female part 13 are configured to closely engage with each other through elastic deformation of the ring member 4 in the radial direction.

  The positioning mechanism 70 includes a seating surface 10 formed on the annular portion 6d of the adapter body 6 and an abutting portion 9 formed on the ring member 4 and abutting against the seating surface 10, and includes a tapered engagement male portion 11 and a taper. When the engaging female portion 13 is engaged in a close contact state, the contact portion 9 contacts the seating surface 10. However, the seating surface 10 may be formed in a continuous ring shape, or may be formed in a ring shape discontinuously divided.

  The taper engagement male part 11 is formed in a regular octagon having a plurality of arcuate corners 11a whose outer surface is orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft 80 and has a smaller diameter toward the chuck body 101 side (front). It is configured (see FIG. 7). Each side portion 11b between the regular octagonal arcuate corner portion 11a and the arcuate corner portion 11a is formed in a gentle arc shape that swells outward from a straight line. However, it is not limited to the arc shape, and may be formed linearly. Similarly, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the taper engaging female portion 13 is formed in a regular octagon having a plurality of arcuate corner portions 13 a whose cross section perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft 80 is convex outward and It is comprised so that a diameter may become small toward the front. The rotational force transmission mechanism 72 includes a taper engagement male part 11 and a taper engagement female part 13.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 6, the clamping mechanism 8 includes a front cylinder 6 b of the adapter body 6 and a ball lock mechanism 15 provided on the ring member 4, a compression spring 21 that generates a clamping force, The piston member 17 (this corresponds to a spring receiving member) urged toward the main shaft 80 by the urging force of the compression spring 21, the collar 35 for releasing the clamp, and the front cylinder 6b slide in the front-rear direction. And a disk member 26 that is freely mounted and fixed to the front shaft portion 17a of the piston member 17.

  The ball lock mechanism 15 includes eight holding holes 23 formed in the clamping cylinder portion 12 of the front cylinder 6b, eight steel balls 24 respectively held in the holding holes 23 so as to be movable in the radial direction, Eight inclined grooves 25 formed on the inner peripheral portion of the front end of the ring member 4 so as to receive the steel balls 24 and 8 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the disk member 26 so as to correspond to the eight steel balls 24, respectively. One recess 22 and the like.

  The holding hole 23 is formed at a position corresponding to the central portion of the regular octagonal side. The inclined groove 25 is inclined about 45 ° with respect to the front end face of the ring member 4 so as to increase in diameter toward the front. The groove bottom of the inclined groove 25 is formed in a partial cylindrical surface that can be contacted by a circular arc when the steel ball 24 is partially engaged. The recess 22 has a retractable recess 28 that can partially accommodate the steel ball 24 retracted so as not to protrude outside the outer periphery of the front cylinder 6b, and an inclined recess 27 that continues from the retractable recess 28 forward and increases in diameter toward the front. It consists of an inclined recess 27 that presses the steel ball 24 against the inclined groove 25. However, the eight concave portions 22 may be formed continuously in the circumferential direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the piston member 17 is movably mounted in the cylinder hole 16 of the rear cylinder 6c and forms a ring-shaped spring accommodating chamber 20, and extends backward from the piston portion 17b. The rear shaft portion 17c and the front shaft portion 17a extending forward from the piston portion 17b are integrally formed. A rod hole 17 d into which the operation rod 130 of the chuck mechanism 105 is movably inserted is formed at the center of the piston member 17. The compression spring 21 is composed of a disc spring laminated body accommodated in a compressed state in the spring accommodating chamber 20, and the piston member 17 is strongly elastically urged rearward by the compression spring 21, and the ring member is interposed via the ball lock mechanism 15. 4, that is, the chuck body 101 is fixed to the adapter body 6.

  The disc member 26 is externally fitted to the front end portion of the front shaft portion 17 a and is fixed to the front shaft portion 17 a by an annular nut 29. The collar 35 is movably fitted to the operation rod 130 and the rear shaft portion 17c, and the rear wall 35a of the collar 35 is in contact with the push member 85. Inside the main shaft 80, a push rod 82 that can push the operating rod 130 forward and a pipe-like push member 85 that is externally fitted to the push rod 82 are mounted so as to be movable in the axial direction. The front end of the rod 82 is in contact with the rear end of the operation rod 130, and the front end of the push member 85 is in contact with the rear end of the collar 35. By pushing the collar 35, piston member 17 and disk member 26 forward by the push member 85, the steel ball 24 is partially retracted into the retracting recess 28, and the ball lock mechanism 15 is released from the clamp.

As shown in FIG. 6, an annular and axially flat air chamber 30 is formed between the disk portion 6 a of the adapter main body 6 and the disk member 26, and a push rod 82 is connected to the air chamber 30. Pressurized air can be supplied from an air passage (not shown) formed in the operation rod 130.
In order to air blow between the taper engagement male part 11 and the taper engagement female part 13, eight inclined first nozzles 33 communicating with the air chamber 30 are formed in the wall part of the taper engagement male part 11. . In order to air blow between the seating surface 10 and the contact portion 9, eight air passages 32 communicating with the air chamber 30 and eight second nozzles 32a in the radial direction communicating with the air passages 32 are formed. Yes.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the chuck mechanism 105 includes three master jaws 106 that are mounted on the chuck body member 102 so as to be movable in the radial direction, and three gripping claws 107 that are respectively fixed to the master jaws 106. A gas spring 115 that is provided inside the chuck body member 102 and outputs a driving force parallel to the axis of the main shaft 80 and facing backward, and a driving force output from the output member 117 of the gas spring 115. An opening / closing mechanism 110 for converting the master jaw 106 and the gripping claws 107 into a gripping force for driving in the radial direction, and three gas chambers 120 formed in the chuck body member 102 and filled with compressed gas, for example, and gas springs 115. And three gas chambers 120 communicated with the gas working chamber 119. The master jaw 106 and the gripping claws 107 correspond to the jaw members.

  The master jaws 106 are arranged in the radial direction orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft 80, and the three master jaws 106 are arranged at 120 ° intervals in the circumferential direction. The master jaw 106 is mounted in a radial direction cross-shaped groove 102 a formed in the chuck body member 102 so as to be movable in the radial direction. The gripping claw 107 has a T-shaped member 108 attached to a T-groove 106 a formed in the master jaw 106, and the two bolts 109 inserted through the gripping claw 107 are screwed into the T-shaped member 108, so that the master It is being fixed to the jaw 106 so that position adjustment is possible.

The opening / closing mechanism 110 includes a movable member 111 that is attached to the central portion of the front end side portion of the chuck body member 102 so as to be movable back and forth, and a cross section that is formed in an inclined shape so as to move toward the center side toward the front of the movable member 111. Are three substantially T-shaped engaging grooves 112, three engaging grooves 112 formed to correspond to the three master jaws 106, and 3 formed at the ends of the three master jaws 106, respectively. And an engaging portion 114 engaged with the two engaging grooves 112. When the movable member 111 is driven rearward by the gas spring 115, the three master jaws 106 are driven to the center side via the opening / closing mechanism 110, and the workpiece W is gripped by the three gripping claws 107. When the operating rod 130 is driven forward by the push rod 82, the three master jaws 106 are driven away from the center, and the gripping of the workpiece W is released. In front of the opening / closing mechanism 110, a closing plate 113 is fixed to the chuck body member 102 by a plurality of bolts 113a.
The master jaw 106 is formed with a grease nipple 106b for supplying grease to the sliding portion between the engaging groove 112 and the engaging portion 113, and a grease passage 106c.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the gas spring 115 includes a cylinder hole 116 formed in the chuck body member 102, an output member 117 movably mounted in the cylinder hole 116, and a rear end of the cylinder hole 116. And a compressed nitrogen gas (for example, a gas pressure of about 7 to 10 MPa) filled in the gas working chamber 119 on the front side of the output member 117 in the cylinder hole 116. The output member 117 is composed of a piston member 117 a and a shaft member 117 b that is incorporated into the shaft-like portion of the piston member 117 a and is integrally fixed, and the front end portion of the shaft member 117 b is the opening / closing mechanism 110. Screwed to the movable member 111.

  Inside the chuck body member 102, three cylindrical gas chambers 120 are formed at three equal positions in the circumferential direction (see FIG. 4), and the rear end of the gas chamber 120 is sealed with a sealing member 122. Each gas chamber 120 is filled with compressed nitrogen gas, and each gas chamber 120 communicates with the gas working chamber 119 through a gas passage 123. In order to fill the gas working chamber 119 and the three gas chambers 120 with the compressed nitrogen gas, a gas passage 125 is formed in the central portion of the shaft member 117b, and the gas passage 125 is communicated with the gas working chamber 119 by the gas passage 126. A gas filling valve 128 is provided at the rear of the shaft member 117b.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the chuck mechanism 105 is an operation rod 130 that is inserted in the piston member 17, and the operation rod 130 that can operate the output member 117 of the gas spring 115 to the grip release side. I have.

Next, the operation and effect of the chuck device 1 will be described.
When the chuck body 101 provided with the chuck mechanism 105 is attached to the adapter 2, the chuck body 101 is moved in a state where the piston member 17 is pushed forward by the push member 85 and the clamp mechanism 8 is switched to the clamp release state. Is attached to the adapter 2, the taper engagement female portion 13 is engaged with the taper engagement male portion 11, and the push member 85 is retracted.

  Then, the piston member 17 is driven rearward by the elastic force of the compression spring 21, and the steel ball 24 is driven outward by the inclined concave portion 27 and is pressed against the inclined groove 25, so that the taper engaging female portion 13 extends in the diameter increasing direction. The taper engagement female portion 13 is brought into close contact with the taper engagement male portion 11 through elastic deformation, and the contact portion 9 of the ring member 4 is brought into a clamped state in close contact with the seating surface 10 of the adapter body 6.

  In this way, the chuck body 101 can be positioned with high accuracy on the adapter 2 and fixed by the clamp mechanism 8. Since the clamp mechanism 8 has the compression spring 21 that generates the clamping force, it is not necessary to form a fluid passage for generating the clamping force in the main shaft 80, and the internal structure of the main shaft 80 can be simplified. Since the clamp mechanism 8 includes the ball lock mechanism 15, the compression spring 21, and the piston member 17 that is biased toward the main shaft 80 by the biasing force of the compression spring 21, the clamp mechanism 8 can be reliably maintained in a clamped state. Excellent.

  Since the taper engagement female portion 13 is configured to closely contact the taper engagement male portion 11 through elastic deformation in the radial direction of the taper engagement female portion 13, the direction orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft 80. The positioning accuracy can be improved. A seating surface 10 formed on the adapter 2 and an abutting portion that is formed on the chuck body 101 and contacts the seating surface 10 when the taper engagement male portion 11 and the taper engagement female portion 13 are in close contact with each other. 9 is provided, the chuck body 101 can be three-dimensionally positioned with respect to the adapter 2.

  Since the taper engaging male part 11 is formed in a polygon having a plurality of arcuate corners 11a whose cross section orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft 80 is convex outward, the diameter decreases toward the chuck body 101 side. The taper engagement male part 11 and the taper engagement female part 13 can constitute a rotational force transmission mechanism 72 capable of transmitting a rotational force from the adapter 2 to the chuck body 101, and the taper engagement male part 11 and the taper engagement. The rotational force transmission mechanism 72 can transmit a large rotational force through a large contact surface with the female portion 13.

  When gripping the workpiece by the chuck mechanism 105, the shaft member 117b is first driven forward by the push rod 82 and the operating rod 130, the three master jaws 106 are opened outward, the workpiece W is set, and then the push is performed. When the rod 82 and the operating rod 130 are moved backward, the output member 117 is driven rearward by the driving force of the gas spring 115, and the three master jaws 106 are driven to the center side via the opening / closing mechanism 110, and the three gripping claws 107 are driven. Thus, the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W is gripped.

Since the plurality of master jaws 106 provided on the chuck body 101 are strongly driven by the gas spring 115, the workpiece W can be firmly held, and the chuck body 101 can be detached from the adapter 2 while holding the workpiece. .
Since the gas spring 115 is incorporated in the chuck main body 101, the workpiece gripping can be maintained even when the chuck main body 101 is separated from the adapter 2. Since the three gas chambers 120 communicating with the gas working chamber 118 of the gas spring 115 are provided in the chuck body 101, the reliability of the gas spring 115 and the reliability of the chuck mechanism 105 can be ensured.

  Since the operation rod 130 capable of operating the output member 117 of the gas spring 115 to the grip release side is provided, the grip of the workpiece W can be released by pressing the operation rod 130 to the grip release side. Since the compressed gas filling valve 128 is provided at the output member 117 of the gas spring 115, that is, at the center of the chuck body 101, the center of gravity of the chuck body 101 does not deviate from the center of the chuck body 101. Centrifugal force is not generated.

An example in which the first embodiment is partially changed will be described. However, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 8, a pair of horizontal positioning pins 40 positioned symmetrically with respect to the axis of the main shaft 80 are fixed to the adapter body 6A, and the positioning pins 40 are inserted into the ring member 4A. A pair of pin holes 41 is formed. A cone-shaped taper portion 40 a is formed at the tip portion of the positioning pin 40. By fitting these positioning pins 40 into the pin holes 41, the rotational phase around the axis of the chuck body 101 with respect to the adapter body 6 is correctly positioned.

  Therefore, when engaging the taper engagement female part 13 of the ring member 4A with the taper engagement male part 11 of the adapter body 6A, the plurality of corners of the taper engagement female part 13 are The rotational phase can be matched to a state in which it is matched with a plurality of corners. In addition, since the taper engagement female portion 13 cannot be engaged with the taper engagement male portion 11 in a state in which the rotation phases are not matched, the taper engagement female generated by engaging with the rotation phases inconsistent. Damage to the portion 13 and the taper engaging male portion 11 can be prevented. Note that a pin hole may be provided in the chuck main body 101 instead of the adapter main body 6A, or a notch portion into which the pin 40 is inserted may be provided.

An example in which the first embodiment is partially changed will be described. However, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 9, in order to grip the chuck body 101 with an arm member of an ATC (automatic tool changer), a grip groove 44 having a trapezoidal cross section is formed on the outer periphery of the ring member 4B.

An example in which the first embodiment is partially changed will be described. However, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the ring member 4 </ b> C includes an elastic deformation promoting portion 50 that promotes elastic deformation when the taper engagement female portion 13 is engaged with the taper engagement male portion 11 in a close contact manner. The elastic deformation promoting portion 50 includes eight arc-shaped grooves 51 having an arc shape in a plan view formed in a front end open shape on a wall portion surrounding the taper engagement female portion 13. A rib wall 53 having a circumferential length substantially equal to the circumferential length of the arc groove 51 is formed between the arc grooves 51 adjacent to the arc groove 51, and has a certain degree of rigidity inside the eight arc grooves 51. An annular wall 55 is formed. A rear wall 56 having the same thickness as the annular wall 55 is formed on the rear surface side of the eight arc grooves 51. In addition, you may provide eight circular arc-shaped groove | channels circularly formed in the planar view formed in the rear end open shape in the wall part surrounding the taper engagement female part 13. As shown in FIG.

  When the taper engagement female portion 13 is engaged with the taper engagement male portion 11 in close contact, the eight rib walls 53 and the annular wall 55 are engaged in close contact via elastic deformation in the diameter increasing direction. The positioning can be performed with high accuracy in a direction parallel to the axis of the main shaft 80 and in a direction perpendicular to the axis. In addition, the rib wall 53 is formed in the circumferential direction position corresponding to the corner | angular part of a regular octagon in a vertical cross section. The number of arc grooves 51 is not limited to eight, and may be less than eight, or nine or more.

  As described above, since the elastic deformation promoting portion 50 is provided, the diameter of the annular wall 52 that surrounds the taper engagement female portion 13 when the taper engagement female portion 13 is closely engaged with the taper engagement male portion 11. Elastic deformation in the expanding direction can be promoted. In addition, the rigidity and elastic deformability of the eight rib walls 53 and the annular wall 52 can be set appropriately by appropriately setting the ratio of the total length of the plurality of rib walls 53 to the entire circumference. Excellent flexibility.

An example in which the first embodiment is partially changed will be described. However, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
Various modifications of the elastic deformation promoting portion 50 will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13. In FIGS. 12 and 13, only the ring member 4 is illustrated, the right side is the front chuck body 101 side, and the left This is described as the rear adapter 2 side.

  The ring member 4D of the first example shown in FIG. 12 includes an elastic deformation promoting portion 50A that promotes elastic deformation when the taper engagement female portion 13 is engaged in close contact with the taper engagement male portion 11. The elastic deformation promoting portion 50A includes an annular groove 57 having a rear end open shape formed in a wall portion surrounding the taper engagement female portion 13. The cross-sectional shape of the annular groove 57 is a rectangular shape having a small radial width. Between the taper engagement female portion 13 and the annular groove 57, an annular wall 58 is formed which can be elastically deformed in the diameter increasing direction and has a certain degree of rigidity. By appropriately setting the thickness of the annular wall 58 in the radial direction, the rigidity and elastic deformability of the annular wall 58 can be appropriately set, so that the degree of freedom in design is excellent. A plurality of (for example, two or four) cutout portions 59 formed in the annular wall 58 on the outer peripheral side of the taper engaging female portion 13 are formed. A plurality of slits may be formed in place of the plurality of cutout portions 59, and are formed flat in the vertical direction in the annular wall 58 on the inner peripheral side from the annular groove 57 and in the front vicinity of the annular groove 57. An annular groove may be formed

  In the ring member 4E of the second example shown in FIG. 13, in addition to the annular groove 57 similar to the above, a plurality of (for example, the elastic member 50B formed on the inner circumferential side annular wall 58 of the annular groove 57 (for example, Eight) rectangular opening holes 62 are formed.

An example in which the first embodiment is partially changed will be described. However, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
Various modifications of the taper engagement male part 11 and the taper engagement female part 13 will be described.
FIG. 14 is a front view of the adapter main body 6B of the first example. In the adapter main body 6B, the tapered engaging male portion 11A is configured to have a smaller diameter toward the front, and the vertical cross section of the tapered engaging male portion 11A is outward. It is formed in a regular hexagon having six convex arcuate corners 11aA, and this taper engaging male part 11A is formed integrally with the adapter body 6B. The taper engaging female portion 13 of the ring member 4 is formed in a shape that closely engages with the taper engaging male portion 11A through elastic deformation in the diameter increasing direction.

  Since the vertical cross section of the taper engagement male part 11A and the taper engagement female part (not shown) is a regular hexagon having six arcuate corners 11aA, it is a non-circular polygonal shape that is nearly circular. In addition, there is very little waste of the wall portion and waste of the space in the taper engagement male portion 11A and the taper engagement female portion, which is advantageous for downsizing the apparatus, and also advantageous in terms of manufacturing cost.

  FIG. 15 is a front view of the adapter body 6C of the second example. In this adapter body 6C, the tapered engagement male part 11B is configured to have a smaller diameter toward the front, and the vertical cross section of the taper engagement male part 11B is outside. It is formed in a regular square shape having four convex arcuate corners 11aB, and this tapered engagement male part 11B is formed integrally with the adapter body 6C. The taper engagement female portion (not shown) of the ring member 4 is formed in a shape that can be closely engaged with the taper engagement male portion 11B through elastic deformation in the diameter expansion direction.

An example in which the first embodiment is partially changed will be described. However, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
FIG. 16 is a front view of the adapter main body 6D of the first example. In the adapter main body 6D, the tapered engaging male portion 11C is configured to have a smaller diameter toward the front, and the vertical cross section of the tapered engaging male portion 11C is outside. Tapered portions 11bA formed in regular octagons having eight arc-shaped corner portions 11aC that are convex and formed on each side portion between the eight arc-shaped corner portions 11aC are respectively formed in a straight shape. The part 11C is formed integrally with the adapter body 6D. The taper engagement female portion (not shown) of the ring member 4 is formed in a shape that can be closely engaged with the taper engagement male portion 11C through elastic deformation in the diameter expansion direction.

  FIG. 17 is a front view of the adapter body 6E of the second example. In this adapter body 6E, the tapered engagement male part 11D is configured to have a smaller diameter toward the front, and the vertical cross section of the tapered engagement male part 11D is outside. It is formed in a regular hexagon having six convex arcuate corners 11aD, and a taper part 11bB is formed in a straight shape on each side part between the six arcuate corners 11aD. It is formed integrally with the adapter body 6E. The taper engagement female portion (not shown) of the ring member 4 is formed in a shape that can be closely engaged with the taper engagement male portion 11D through elastic deformation in the diameter expansion direction.

  FIG. 18 is a front view of the adapter main body 6F of the third example. In this adapter main body 6F, the tapered engaging male portion 11E is configured to have a smaller diameter toward the front, and the vertical cross section of the tapered engaging male portion 11E is outside. It is formed in a regular tetragon having four arcuate corners 11aE that are convex, and a taper part 11bC is formed in each side part between the four arcuate corners 11aE in a straight shape. It is formed integrally with the adapter body 6F. The taper engagement female portion (not shown) of the ring member 4 is formed in a shape that can be closely engaged with the taper engagement male portion 11E through elastic deformation in the diameter expansion direction.

Next, a modified example in which the above embodiment is partially modified will be described.
1] The taper engagement male part 11 and the taper engagement female part 13 may be structured not to adhere to each other at an arcuate corner.
2] The taper engagement male part 11 may be configured to closely contact the taper engagement female part 13 through elastic deformation in the diameter reduction direction, or the taper engagement male part 11 and the taper engagement may be configured. You may comprise so that both the mating | female parts 13 may be elastically deformed to radial direction and may be engaged closely.
3] Eight steel balls of the ball lock mechanism 15 are not necessarily provided, and the number thereof may be appropriately changed according to the polygonal shape.
4] In addition, those skilled in the art can implement the present invention by adding various modifications to the embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the present invention includes such modifications. .

It is sectional drawing of the chuck apparatus which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. It is a front view of a chuck body. It is sectional drawing of a chuck | zipper main body. It is a rear view of a chuck body. It is a side view of the adapter for chuck | zipper attachment. It is sectional drawing of the adapter for chuck | zipper attachment. It is a front view of the adapter for chuck | zipper attachment. It is sectional drawing of the chuck apparatus of Example 2. FIG. It is sectional drawing of the chuck apparatus of Example 3. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a ring member of Example 4. FIG. It is a front view of the ring member of Example 4. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a ring member of a first example of Example 5. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a ring member of a second example of Example 5. FIG. 10 is a front view of an adapter according to a first example of Example 6. FIG. 10 is a front view of an adapter according to a second example of Embodiment 6. FIG. 10 is a front view of an adapter according to a first example of Example 7. FIG. 10 is a front view of an adapter according to a second example of Example 7. FIG. 10 is a front view of an adapter according to a third example of Example 7. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Chuck apparatus 2 Adapter 4 for chuck attachments, 4A-4E Ring member 6, 6A-6F Adapter main body 8 Clamp mechanism 9 Contact part 10 Seating surface 11, 11A-11E Tapered male part 11a, 11aA-11aE Circular-arc angle Part 13 Taper engaging female part 13a Arc-shaped corner part 15 Ball lock mechanism 17 Piston member 21 Compression springs 50, 50A, 50B Elastic deformation promotion part 70 Positioning mechanism 72 Rotational force transmission mechanism 80 Spindle 82 Push rod 101 Chuck body 102 Chuck body Member 105 Chuck mechanism 106 Master jaw 107 Holding claw 110 Opening / closing mechanism 111 Movable member 115 Gas spring 117 Output member 119 Gas working chamber 120 Gas chamber 123 Gas passage 128 Gas filling valve 130 Operating rod

Claims (8)

In the chuck device that is detachably mounted on the spindle of the machine tool,
A chuck mounting adapter fixed to the tip of the spindle;
A chuck body detachably fixed to the adapter;
A positioning mechanism for positioning the chuck body in the adapter in a direction parallel to the axis of the main shaft and in a direction perpendicular to the axis;
A clamp mechanism having a compression spring for generating a clamping force for releasably fixing the chuck body to the adapter;
A rotational force transmission mechanism capable of transmitting rotational force from the adapter to the chuck body;
A chuck mechanism for gripping a workpiece provided in the chuck body,
The chuck mechanism is parallel to a plurality of jaw members mounted on the chuck body so as to be movable in the radial direction, a gas spring provided in the chuck body, and a spindle axis output from the output member of the gas spring. An opening / closing mechanism for converting a driving force for driving in a direction into a gripping force for driving a plurality of jaw members in a radial direction, and a gas chamber formed in the chuck body and filled with compressed gas, wherein the gas spring is operated with gas A chuck apparatus comprising a gas chamber communicated with the chamber.   The positioning mechanism includes a taper engagement male part formed on the adapter and a taper engagement female part formed on the chuck body so as to engage with the taper engagement male part. 2. The chuck device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first portion and the taper engaging female portion is configured to closely engage the other through elastic deformation in the radial direction.   The positioning mechanism includes a seating surface formed on an annular portion of the adapter, and a contact portion formed on the chuck body and contacting the seating surface, and the taper engagement male portion and the taper engagement female portion. The chuck device according to claim 2, wherein the abutting portion abuts on the seating surface when the two are in close contact with each other.   The taper engaging male part is formed in a polygon having a plurality of arcuate corners with a cross section orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft protruding outward, and is configured to have a smaller diameter toward the chuck body side. The chuck device according to claim 2 or 3.   The chuck device according to claim 4, wherein the rotational force transmission mechanism includes the tapered engagement male part and the tapered engagement female part.   The clamp mechanism includes a ball lock mechanism provided on the adapter and the chuck body, the compression spring, and a spring receiving member that is biased toward the main shaft by the biasing force of the compression spring. The chuck apparatus in any one of Claims 1-5.   The chuck mechanism includes an operation rod provided in an insertion shape in the spring receiving member, and capable of operating a piston member of the gas spring to a grip releasing side. The chuck device according to 1.   The chuck device according to claim 6, wherein a compressed gas filling valve is provided on a piston member of the gas spring.