JP2009238606A - Restriction means of cell stack, battery apparatus module, and battery pack - Google Patents

Restriction means of cell stack, battery apparatus module, and battery pack Download PDF

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JP2009238606A
JP2009238606A JP2008083676A JP2008083676A JP2009238606A JP 2009238606 A JP2009238606 A JP 2009238606A JP 2008083676 A JP2008083676 A JP 2008083676A JP 2008083676 A JP2008083676 A JP 2008083676A JP 2009238606 A JP2009238606 A JP 2009238606A
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battery
restraining
battery stack
restraining member
stack
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JP5481796B2 (en
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Masakazu Fukada
雅一 深田
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Denso Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a restriction means of a cell stack, a battery apparatus module, and a battery pack, capable of achieving cost reduction by suppressing the weight and size of the battery pack. <P>SOLUTION: The restriction means 10 of a cell stack, which restricts a cell stack 20 formed by laminating a plurality of battery cases in a lamination direction, includes an A restriction member 11a restricting from a side of one surface of two surfaces of the cell stack 20 being back to back in the lamination direction, a B restriction member 11b restricting from a side of the other surface of the two surfaces, and a pressure maintenance means 12 maintaining a pressure applied to the cell stack 20 in a predetermined pressure range when the cell stack 20 is restricted by the A restriction member 11a and the B restriction member 11b. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、車両搭載型の電池パック、その電池機器モジュール及び電池電槽が積層された電池スタックの拘束手段に関する。   The present invention relates to a vehicle-mounted battery pack, a battery device module thereof, and a battery stack restraining means in which a battery battery case is stacked.

電気自動車、ハイブリッド自動車等の、電動機により車両の駆動力を得る自動車は、充電式の電池である二次電池を搭載している。   A vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle that obtains the driving force of a vehicle by an electric motor is equipped with a secondary battery that is a rechargeable battery.

ここで、ハイブリッド車に搭載される従来の電池パックの概略構成（例えば、特許文献１参照。）について図面を参照して説明する。図１０は、電池パックの概略構成を分かり易く示す展開図、図１１は、電池パックのカバーを外した状態の斜視図、図１２は平面図である。   Here, a schematic configuration of a conventional battery pack mounted on a hybrid vehicle (for example, see Patent Document 1) will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 10 is a developed view showing the schematic configuration of the battery pack in an easy-to-understand manner, FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the battery pack with the cover removed, and FIG. 12 is a plan view.

電池パック３００は、図１０に示すように、ロアケース１６０と、拘束ロッド１１２、１１４、１１６、１１８と、電池スタック１３０と、電池機器モジュール２００と、拘束プレート１０２、１０４と、電池スタックカバー１５０と、電池機器モジュールカバー１５１とを有している。   As shown in FIG. 10, the battery pack 300 includes a lower case 160, restraint rods 112, 114, 116, 118, a battery stack 130, a battery device module 200, restraint plates 102 and 104, and a battery stack cover 150. And a battery device module cover 151.

電池スタック１３０は、図１１に示すように、樹脂モールド製拘束プレート１０２、１０４で狭持され、拘束ロッド１１２、１１４、１１６、１１８で間隔が一定になるように固定され、電池モジュール１００を構成している。複数の電池電槽の間にはスペーサ（不図示）が配置され、スペーサに圧力センサ１４０が固定されている。   As shown in FIG. 11, the battery stack 130 is sandwiched between resin-molded restraining plates 102 and 104 and fixed with restraining rods 112, 114, 116, and 118 so as to have a constant interval, thereby constituting the battery module 100. is doing. A spacer (not shown) is arranged between the plurality of battery cases, and the pressure sensor 140 is fixed to the spacer.

上記電池モジュール１００に計装される電池機器モジュール２００は、図１２示すように、電池回路を開閉する二つのシステムメインリレー７１、７２と、充電開始時の突入電流を防ぐプリチャージリレー７３及びプリチャージ抵抗７４と、ヒューズ一体型サービスプラグ４ｐと、電流センサ６１ｐ及び電池ＥＣＵ６２ｐとを有する。
特開２００６−２４４４５号公報 As shown in FIG. 12, the battery device module 200 instrumented in the battery module 100 includes two system main relays 71 and 72 for opening and closing the battery circuit, a precharge relay 73 and a precharge relay for preventing an inrush current at the start of charging. It has a charge resistor 74, a fuse-integrated service plug 4p, a current sensor 61p, and a battery ECU 62p.
JP 2006-24445 A

図１３は、典型的な電池パックの出力（縦軸）と電池スタック拘束荷重（横軸）の関係を示すグラフである。初期、充放電数千サイクル後、いずれの場合も出力が拘束荷重と共に低下することがわかる。上記従来の電池パックでは、電池スタック１３０が拘束プレート１０２、１０４で狭持され、拘束ロッド１１２、１１４、１１６、１１８で間隔が一定になるように固定（定寸固定）されている。そのため、各電池電槽の温度上昇や内圧上昇などにより拘束荷重が２０００ｋｇｆ以上になることがある。したがって、従来の定寸固定では、拘束荷重増大に伴う出力低下分を補う容量の電池パックを搭載する必要がある。その結果、電池パックの重量やサイズが増大し、コストが上昇する。   FIG. 13 is a graph showing a relationship between a typical battery pack output (vertical axis) and a battery stack binding load (horizontal axis). It can be seen that the output decreases with the restraining load in both cases after the initial and after several thousand cycles of charge and discharge. In the conventional battery pack, the battery stack 130 is held between the restraining plates 102 and 104, and fixed (fixed to a fixed size) so that the distance between the restraining rods 112, 114, 116, and 118 is constant. For this reason, the restraint load may be 2000 kgf or more due to a temperature rise or an internal pressure rise of each battery case. Therefore, in the conventional fixed sizing, it is necessary to mount a battery pack having a capacity that compensates for a decrease in output accompanying an increase in the restraining load. As a result, the weight and size of the battery pack increase and the cost increases.

また、上記従来の電池パックでは、２枚の拘束プレートと拘束ロッドとからなる電池スタック拘束手段と、電池管理に必要な機器がモジュール化された電池機器モジュールとが別体であった。そのため、従来の電池パックは、重量やサイズが増大し、コストが上昇する問題を有していた。   In the conventional battery pack described above, the battery stack restraining means including the two restraining plates and the restraining rod and the battery device module in which devices necessary for battery management are modularized are separate bodies. Therefore, the conventional battery pack has a problem that the weight and size increase and the cost increases.

本発明は、上記従来の問題に鑑みて成されたもので、電池パックの重量やサイズを抑制し低コスト化が図れる電池スタックの拘束手段、電池機器モジュール及び電池パックを提供することを課題とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems. It is an object of the present invention to provide a battery stack restraining means, a battery device module, and a battery pack that can reduce the weight and size of the battery pack and reduce the cost. To do.

本発明者は、電池スタックの拘束荷重と共に電池出力が低下する現象に着目し、拘束荷重を減らすことで電池出力の低下を抑えられることを思い至り、本発明を成すに至ったものである。   The present inventor has focused on the phenomenon that the battery output decreases with the restraining load of the battery stack, and conceived that the decrease in the battery output can be suppressed by reducing the restraining load, and has achieved the present invention.

本発明の電池スタック拘束手段は、複数の電池電槽が積層された電池スタックを積層方向に拘束する電池スタックの拘束手段であって、前記積層方向において背向する前記電池スタックの二つの面の一方の面側から拘束するＡ拘束部材と、前記二つの面の他方の面側から拘束するＢ拘束部材と、前記Ａ拘束部材と前記Ｂ拘束部材とで前記電池スタックを拘束したとき、前記電池スタックに掛かる圧力を所定の圧力範囲に保持する圧力保持手段と、
を有することを特徴している。 The battery stack restraining means of the present invention is a battery stack restraining means for restraining a battery stack in which a plurality of battery battery cases are stacked in the stacking direction, and is provided on two surfaces of the battery stack facing backward in the stacking direction. When the battery stack is restrained by the A restraining member restraining from one surface side, the B restraining member restraining from the other surface side of the two surfaces, and the A restraining member and the B restraining member, the battery Pressure holding means for holding the pressure applied to the stack in a predetermined pressure range;
It is characterized by having.

また、上記拘束手段において、前記Ａ拘束部材及び前記Ｂ拘束部材の一方は、前記電池スタックに掛かる圧力を検出する圧力センサを備えるものとすることができる。   In the restraining means, one of the A restraining member and the B restraining member may include a pressure sensor that detects a pressure applied to the battery stack.

また、前記圧力保持手段は、バネを備えるものとすることができる。   The pressure holding means may include a spring.

本発明の電池機器モジュールは、複数の電池電槽が積層された電池スタックを積層方向に拘束する機能を持つ電池機器モジュールであって、前記積層方向において背向する前記電池スタックの二つの面の一方の面側から拘束するＡ拘束部材と、前記二つの面の他方の面側から拘束するＢ拘束部材と、前記Ａ拘束部材と前記Ｂ拘束部材とで前記電池スタックを拘束したとき、前記電池スタックに掛かる圧力を所定の圧力範囲に保持する圧力保持手段と、を有し、前記Ａ拘束部材及び前記Ｂ拘束部材の一方は、前記電池スタックの両端への回路を開閉する一対のメインリレーと、前記電池スタックに流れる電流を計測する電流センサと、前記電流センサからの信号を監視する電池ＥＣＵと、前記電池スタックの回路に挿置されるサービスプラグと、を備えることを特徴としている。   The battery device module of the present invention is a battery device module having a function of constraining a battery stack in which a plurality of battery battery cases are stacked in the stacking direction, and has two surfaces of the battery stack facing away in the stacking direction. When the battery stack is restrained by the A restraining member restraining from one surface side, the B restraining member restraining from the other surface side of the two surfaces, and the A restraining member and the B restraining member, the battery Pressure holding means for holding the pressure applied to the stack in a predetermined pressure range, and one of the A restraining member and the B restraining member includes a pair of main relays for opening and closing circuits to both ends of the battery stack; A current sensor for measuring a current flowing through the battery stack, a battery ECU for monitoring a signal from the current sensor, and a service plug inserted in a circuit of the battery stack It is characterized in that it comprises.

また、上記電池機器モジュールにおいて、前記Ａ拘束部材及び前記Ｂ拘束部材の一方は、前記電池スタックに掛かる圧力を検出する圧力センサを備えるものとすることができる。   Moreover, the said battery apparatus module WHEREIN: One of the said A restraint member and the said B restraint member shall be equipped with the pressure sensor which detects the pressure applied to the said battery stack.

また、前記Ａ拘束部材及び前記Ｂ拘束部材の少なくとも一方は、前記電池スタックを収容する筐体を兼ねるものとすることができる。   In addition, at least one of the A restraining member and the B restraining member may also serve as a housing that houses the battery stack.

また、前記圧力保持手段は、バネを備えるものとすることができる。   The pressure holding means may include a spring.

本発明の電池パックは、上記電池機器モジュールを用いてなることを特徴としている。   The battery pack of the present invention is characterized by using the battery device module.

本発明の電池スタック拘束手段は、電池スタックに掛かる圧力を所定の圧力範囲に保持する圧力保持手段を有するので、電池スタックの拘束荷重を増大させない。その結果、電池出力の低下を抑制することができる。出力低下が少ないのでその分電池重量及びサイズを減らすことができ、低コスト化が図れる。   Since the battery stack restraining means of the present invention has pressure holding means for keeping the pressure applied to the battery stack in a predetermined pressure range, the restraining load of the battery stack is not increased. As a result, a decrease in battery output can be suppressed. Since the output decrease is small, the battery weight and size can be reduced correspondingly, and the cost can be reduced.

圧力センサを有していると、電池スタックに掛かる異常圧力を検知して充電を中止することができ、電解液が失われることがなく長寿命の電池パックを実現できる。   If the pressure sensor is provided, the abnormal pressure applied to the battery stack can be detected to stop charging, and a long-life battery pack can be realized without losing the electrolyte.

圧力保持手段がバネを有していると、バネの伸縮で電池スタックに掛かる圧力を調整でき、圧力保持手段の機構が簡単になる。   When the pressure holding means has a spring, the pressure applied to the battery stack can be adjusted by the expansion and contraction of the spring, and the mechanism of the pressure holding means becomes simple.

本発明の電池機器モジュールは、電池スタックを積層方向に拘束する拘束部材と一体化しているので、高価な拘束プレートを１枚減らすことができると共に電池パックの重量及びサイズを減らすことができる。   Since the battery device module of the present invention is integrated with a restraining member that restrains the battery stack in the stacking direction, one expensive restraint plate can be reduced and the weight and size of the battery pack can be reduced.

本発明の電池パックは、上記の効果をもつ拘束手段或いは電池機器モジュールを用いてなるものであり、上記の効果を発揮する。   The battery pack of the present invention uses the restraining means or battery device module having the above-described effects, and exhibits the above-described effects.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。また、図中同一又は相当部分には同一の符号を付し説明を省略する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Moreover, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same or equivalent part in a figure, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

（実施形態１）図１は、本発明の電池スタック拘束手段を備える電池パックの構成を概略的に示した図である。   (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a battery pack provided with a battery stack restraining means of the present invention.

図１を参照して、電池スタック２０は、複数の電池電槽２０．1〜２０．nを積層してなる。   Referring to FIG. 1, the battery stack 20 includes a plurality of battery cells 20.1 to 20. n is laminated.

この電池スタック２０を拘束する拘束手段１０は、スタック２０の両端に配置される拘束プレート（Ａ拘束部材）１１a、拘束プレート（Ｂ拘束部材）１１bと、一端部が拘束プレート１１aに固定された拘束ロッド１２２a、一端部が拘束プレート１１bに係合する拘束ロッド１２２b及び拘束ロッド１２２a、１２２bの他端部の間に装着されたバネ１２とからなる圧力保持手段１２と、を備えている。拘束ロッド１２２bの一端部にはネジが切られており、ナット１２３を時計回りに回すとバネ１２１が伸び電池スタック２０に掛かる拘束荷重が増大する。   The restraint means 10 for restraining the battery stack 20 includes a restraint plate (A restraint member) 11a and a restraint plate (B restraint member) 11b disposed at both ends of the stack 20, and a restraint having one end fixed to the restraint plate 11a. Pressure holding means 12 comprising a rod 122a, a restraining rod 122b whose one end engages with the restraining plate 11b, and a spring 12 mounted between the other ends of the restraining rods 122a and 122b. One end of the restraining rod 122b is threaded. When the nut 123 is turned clockwise, the spring 121 extends and the restraining load applied to the battery stack 20 increases.

例えば、外気温が２５℃で電池電槽も２５℃の時、ナット１２３を調節して拘束荷重を５００kgfに設定すると、外気温がマイナス１０℃の時、電池電槽が収縮するが、バネ１２１が収縮するので拘束荷重がゼロにはならず、例えば１００kgfに保持することができる。また、電池電槽の発熱や内圧上昇があると、バネ１２１が伸張するので、拘束荷重が極端に増大せず、例えば、１０００kgfに保持することができる。したがって、本実施形態の拘束手段を用いると、従来の拘束手段で最大拘束荷重２０００kgfでの出力を約１０％増大させることができる（図１３参照。）。   For example, when the outside air temperature is 25 ° C. and the battery battery case is also 25 ° C., if the restraint load is set to 500 kgf by adjusting the nut 123, the battery battery case contracts when the outside air temperature is minus 10 ° C. , The restraining load does not become zero and can be maintained at 100 kgf, for example. Further, if the battery case generates heat or the internal pressure rises, the spring 121 extends, so that the restraining load does not increase extremely, and can be maintained at, for example, 1000 kgf. Therefore, when the restraining means of this embodiment is used, the output at the maximum restraining load of 2000 kgf can be increased by about 10% with the conventional restraining means (see FIG. 13).

拘束プレート１１bは、圧力センサ３１９aを含んでおり、電槽２０．1〜２０．nの一部又は全部が圧力の上昇により膨れた場合にこれを検知することができる。圧力センサ３１９aは、検知した圧力を信号Ｐoutとして電池ＥＣＵ３２に対して出力する。   The restraint plate 11b includes a pressure sensor 319a, and the battery case 20.1 to 20. This can be detected when a part or all of n swells due to an increase in pressure. The pressure sensor 319a outputs the detected pressure to the battery ECU 32 as a signal Pout.

圧力センサとしては、各種のものを用いることができる。例えば、半導体圧力センサ等を用いることができる。また、圧力センサとして電池電槽２０．1の壁面にひずみゲージを貼り付けて電槽の膨れを検知してもよい。   Various types of pressure sensors can be used. For example, a semiconductor pressure sensor can be used. Further, as a pressure sensor, a strain gauge may be attached to the wall surface of the battery battery case 20.1 to detect swelling of the battery case.

図２は、本発明の電池スタック拘束手段が搭載される電池パックの構成を示した回路図である。   FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a battery pack on which the battery stack restraining means of the present invention is mounted.

図２を参照して、この電池パックは、直列に接続される電槽２０．1〜２０．nからなる電池スタック２０と、圧力センサ３１９aを内蔵する拘束手段１０と、電池スタック２０に流れる電流を検知する電流センサ３１４と、電池スタック２０を充電装置４０と接続するためのシステムメインリレー３１５と、システムメインリレー３１５の導通を制御する電池ＥＣＵ３１３とを含む。   Referring to FIG. 2, this battery pack includes battery cases 20.1 to 20. a battery stack 20 comprising n, a restraining means 10 incorporating a pressure sensor 319a, a current sensor 314 for detecting a current flowing through the battery stack 20, and a system main relay 315 for connecting the battery stack 20 to the charging device 40; And a battery ECU 313 that controls conduction of the system main relay 315.

電池ＥＣＵ３１３は、電槽２１．1〜２１．nの各電圧を示す信号Ｖout、電流センサ３１４の出力信号Ｉout、及び圧力センサ３１９aの圧力を示す信号Ｐoutに応じて、システムメインリレー３１５の制御を行う。   The battery ECU 313 includes battery cases 21.1 to 21. The system main relay 315 is controlled according to the signal Vout indicating each voltage of n, the output signal Iout of the current sensor 314, and the signal Pout indicating the pressure of the pressure sensor 319a.

図３は、図２の電池ＥＣＵ３１３の制御フローを示したフローチャートの一般的な事例である。   FIG. 3 is a general example of a flowchart showing a control flow of the battery ECU 313 of FIG.

電池ＥＣＵ３２は、ある一定時間毎にバッテリの監視を行い、図３に示すバッテリ監視時の制御ルーチンを実行する。図２、図３を参照して、先ず、ステップＳ１において、信号Ｖout、Ｉout、Ｐoutを受けて対応する電圧、電流、及び圧力を電池ＥＣＵ３１３は取得する。   The battery ECU 32 monitors the battery every certain time, and executes a control routine for battery monitoring shown in FIG. 2 and 3, first, in step S1, battery ECU 313 obtains corresponding voltages, currents, and pressures in response to signals Vout, Iout, and Pout.

そして、ステップＳ２において、電圧及び電流によって充放電電流の積算などによりバッテリの残存容量（ＳＯＣ）を算出する。   In step S2, the remaining capacity (SOC) of the battery is calculated by integrating the charge / discharge current based on the voltage and current.

続いてステップＳ３に進み、残存容量ＳＯＣが所定の値Ａ（％）より大きいか否かが判断される。   Subsequently, the process proceeds to step S3, where it is determined whether or not the remaining capacity SOC is larger than a predetermined value A (%).

ステップＳ３において残存容量ＳＯＣが所定の値より大きい場合には、これ以上充電する必要がないのでステップＳ４又はステップＳ４Ａに進み、電池ＥＣＵ３１３はシステムメインリレー３１５のオフを要求するか、又は充電装置４０に対して充電の停止を要求する。ステップＳ４又はステップＳ４Ａが終了するとステップＳ５に進む。   When the remaining capacity SOC is larger than the predetermined value in step S3, it is not necessary to charge any more, so the process proceeds to step S4 or step S4A, and the battery ECU 313 requests the system main relay 315 to be turned off or the charging device 40 Is requested to stop charging. When step S4 or step S4A ends, the process proceeds to step S5.

一方、ステップＳ３において残存容量ＳＯＣが所定の値Ａ（％）よりも大きくないと判断された場合は、ステップＳ５に進む。   On the other hand, if it is determined in step S3 that the remaining capacity SOC is not greater than the predetermined value A (%), the process proceeds to step S5.

ステップＳ５では、ステップＳ１で取得した圧力が所定の値Ｂ（Pa）以上であるか否かが判断される。   In step S5, it is determined whether or not the pressure acquired in step S1 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value B (Pa).

ステップＳ５において、圧力が所定値Ｂに満たなかった場合は、この監視ルーチンを抜けて制御が終了する。   If the pressure does not reach the predetermined value B in step S5, the monitoring routine is exited and the control ends.

一方、圧力が所定Ｂ以上であるある場合には、過充電による電槽の内圧の上昇を避けるためステップＳ６に進み、システムメインリレー３１５をオフすることが要求される。ステップＳ６が終了すると、この制御ルーチンを抜けて制御は終了する。   On the other hand, if the pressure is greater than or equal to the predetermined B, the process proceeds to step S6 to avoid an increase in the internal pressure of the battery case due to overcharging, and it is required to turn off the system main relay 315. When step S6 is finished, the control routine is finished and the control is finished.

（実施形態２）本実施形態の電池パックの電池機器モジュール及び電池パックを図面を参照して説明する。図４は、本実施形態の電池パックの構成を示す図で、上部カバーを外した状態の平面図、図５は、本実施形態の電池パックの構成を示す図で、上部カバーを外した状態の側面図である。図６は、本実施形態の電池パックの構成及び組み立て方法を説明する概略図である。図７は、圧力保持手段の平面図、図８は、図７のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。図９は、電池パック全体の回路図である。   (Embodiment 2) A battery device module and a battery pack of a battery pack according to this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the battery pack according to the present embodiment, and is a plan view with the upper cover removed. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the battery pack according to the present embodiment, with the upper cover removed. FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration and assembly method of the battery pack of the present embodiment. 7 is a plan view of the pressure holding means, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of the entire battery pack.

電池パックは、図４〜図６に示すように、２列に積層された電池スタック２０と、電池スタック２０を積層方向に拘束する電池機器モジュール３０とを備えている。   As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the battery pack includes battery stacks 20 stacked in two rows and a battery device module 30 that restrains the battery stack 20 in the stacking direction.

電池機器モジュール３０は、電池スタック２０の一方の面側から拘束する電池機器モジュール部（Ａ拘束部材）３１と、電池スタック２０の他方の面側から拘束するベルト状拘束部材（Ｂ拘束部材）３２と、電池スタック２０と拘束部材３２との間に狭装されるバネを内蔵する圧力保持手段１２と、を備えている。   The battery device module 30 includes a battery device module portion (A restraining member) 31 restrained from one surface side of the battery stack 20 and a belt-like restraining member (B restraining member) 32 restrained from the other surface side of the battery stack 20. And a pressure holding means 12 that incorporates a spring that is confined between the battery stack 20 and the restraining member 32.

電池機器モジュール部３１は、電池スタック２０の拘束プレートとして作用する基部３１１と、基部３１１の一方の面に固定された回路基板３１２及び他方の面に固定された圧力センサ３１９a内蔵の断熱パネルヒータ３１９と、基板３１２に実装された電池ＥＣＵ３１３、電流センサ３１４、システムメインリレー３１５、プリチャージリレー３１６及びプリチャージ抵抗３１７と、高圧ヒューズ３１８c内蔵のサービスプラグ３１８と、を備えている。   The battery device module unit 31 includes a base 311 that functions as a restraint plate of the battery stack 20, a circuit board 312 fixed to one surface of the base 311 and a heat insulating panel heater 319 with a built-in pressure sensor 319a fixed to the other surface. A battery ECU 313, a current sensor 314, a system main relay 315, a precharge relay 316, a precharge resistor 317, and a service plug 318 with a built-in high-voltage fuse 318c.

ベルト状拘束部材３２は、図６に示すように、拘束プレートとして作用する起立面３２１と、起立面３２１から略直角に曲がって電池スタック２０の側面を覆う壁面３２２と、壁面３２２から直角に曲がって電池スタック２０の底面を覆う底面３２３と、を備えている。したがって、本実施形態のベルト状拘束部材３２は、電池スタック２０を収容する筐体を兼ねている。   As shown in FIG. 6, the belt-like restraining member 32 includes a standing surface 321 that acts as a restraining plate, a wall surface 322 that is bent substantially at right angles from the standing surface 321 and covers the side surface of the battery stack 20, and is bent at right angles from the wall surface 322. And a bottom surface 323 that covers the bottom surface of the battery stack 20. Therefore, the belt-like restraining member 32 of the present embodiment also serves as a housing that houses the battery stack 20.

圧力保持手段１２は、図７及び図８に示すように、ベルト状拘束部材３２の起立部３２に当接するＵ字状部材１２４と、Ｕ字状部材１２４に入れ子状に係合し電池スタック２０に当接するコの字状部材１２５と、一端部がＵ字状部材１２４に、他端部がコの字状部材１２５に、固定されたバネ１２６と、を備えている。バネ１２６のバネ定数は、電池スタック２０に掛かる圧力を所定の圧力範囲に保持することができるように設定されている。バネ１２６が一個の場合、バネ定数の大きな、すなわち大寸法のバネが必要になり、圧力保持手段１２が大型化、重量化するが、本実施形態のバネ１２６は、小型コイルバネで、並列に１６個配置されているので、圧力保持手段１２は、小型化、軽量化、薄型化、低コスト化が達成される。   As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the pressure holding unit 12 includes a U-shaped member 124 that abuts on the standing portion 32 of the belt-shaped restraining member 32, and a U-shaped member 124 that is nested and is engaged with the battery stack 20. A U-shaped member 125 that is in contact with the U-shaped member 125, a U-shaped member 124 having one end and a spring 126 fixed to the U-shaped member 125 having the other end. The spring constant of the spring 126 is set so that the pressure applied to the battery stack 20 can be maintained within a predetermined pressure range. When the number of the springs 126 is one, a spring having a large spring constant, that is, a large size is required, and the pressure holding means 12 is increased in size and weight. However, the spring 126 according to the present embodiment is a small coil spring and 16 in parallel. Since they are arranged individually, the pressure holding means 12 can be reduced in size, weight, thickness, and cost.

次に、図６を参照して電池パックの組み立て方法を説明する。先ず、電池スタック２０と圧力保持部材１２との間に断熱パネルヒータ３２０（図４参照。）を狭持して両者を矢印方向に移動させ、ベルト状拘束部材３２に挿入する。次に電池機器モジュール部３１を矢印方向に移動させ、モジュール部３１のネジ穴３１１aを壁面３２２の穴３２２aに合致させ、ボルト３２４（図４参照。）で固定する。同時に穴３２２bとネジ穴（不図示）を合致させボルト３２５（図４参照。）で固定する。最後に図示しない電池スタックカバーと、電池機器モジュール部カバーと、を取り付けて組み立てが終了する。   Next, a method for assembling the battery pack will be described with reference to FIG. First, the heat insulation panel heater 320 (see FIG. 4) is sandwiched between the battery stack 20 and the pressure holding member 12, both are moved in the direction of the arrow, and inserted into the belt-like restraining member 32. Next, the battery device module unit 31 is moved in the direction of the arrow, the screw hole 311a of the module unit 31 is aligned with the hole 322a of the wall surface 322, and fixed with a bolt 324 (see FIG. 4). At the same time, the holes 322b and screw holes (not shown) are matched and fixed with bolts 325 (see FIG. 4). Finally, a battery stack cover (not shown) and a battery device module unit cover are attached, and the assembly is completed.

本実施形態の電池パックは、上記のように断熱性を有する断熱パネルヒータ３１９、３２０を備えているが、それは、以下の理由によるものである。   The battery pack according to the present embodiment includes the heat insulating panel heaters 319 and 320 having heat insulating properties as described above, for the following reason.

外気温が低いと電池スタック２０の内、外側の電池槽２０．1、２０．m、２０．m+1、２０．nは、熱伝導で冷却され低温になる。一般に電池は、低温になると出力が低下するので、断熱パネルヒータ３１９、３２０は、外側の電池槽２０．1、２０．m、２０．m+1、２０．nの低温化を防止するために備えられているのである。すなわち、断熱性を有する断熱パネルヒータ３１９、３２０は、外側の電池槽２０．1、２０．m、２０．m+1、２０．nが熱伝導で冷却されるのを防ぎ、それでも、電池槽の温度が低下したときは電流を流してヒータを発熱させて電池槽を加熱する。   When the outside air temperature is low, the outside battery tank 20.1, 20. m, 20. m + 1, 20. n is cooled by heat conduction and becomes a low temperature. In general, since the output of the battery decreases when the temperature is low, the heat insulating panel heaters 319 and 320 are provided with the outer battery tanks 20.1 and 20. m, 20. m + 1, 20. It is provided to prevent the low temperature of n. That is, the heat insulation panel heaters 319 and 320 having heat insulation properties are provided on the outer battery tanks 20. m, 20. m + 1, 20. n is prevented from being cooled by heat conduction, and even when the temperature of the battery tank is lowered, the battery tank is heated by supplying a current to generate heat.

次に、図９を参照して本実施形態の電池パックの全体における回路図を説明する。電流センサ３１４は、電池パックのプラス側の外部端子３２０bと内部端子３２０aとの間を流れる電流を計測するように、外部端子３２０bと内部端子３２０aとの間に挿入されている。また、プラス側とマイナス側のそれぞれの外部端子３２０bと内部端子３２０aとの間には、システムメインリレー３１５が挿入されている。なお、プラス側の外部端子３２０bと内部端子３２０aとの間には、充電開始時の突入電流を防ぐために、システムメインリレー３１５と並列にプリチャージリレー３１６とプリチャージ抵抗３１７が挿入されている。   Next, a circuit diagram of the entire battery pack according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The current sensor 314 is inserted between the external terminal 320b and the internal terminal 320a so as to measure a current flowing between the external terminal 320b on the plus side of the battery pack and the internal terminal 320a. Further, a system main relay 315 is inserted between the external terminal 320b and the internal terminal 320a on the plus side and the minus side, respectively. A precharge relay 316 and a precharge resistor 317 are inserted in parallel with the system main relay 315 between the positive external terminal 320b and the internal terminal 320a in order to prevent an inrush current at the start of charging.

電池ＥＣＵ３１３は、電流センサ３１４、システムメインリレー３１５、プリチャージリレー３１６及び圧力センサ３１９aと信号ハーネスによって接続されており、電流センサ３４及び圧力センサ３１９aからの信号に応じて、システムメインリレー３１５、プリチャージリレー３１６の制御を行う。   The battery ECU 313 is connected to the current sensor 314, the system main relay 315, the precharge relay 316, and the pressure sensor 319a by a signal harness, and the system main relay 315, the precharge relay 313a The charge relay 316 is controlled.

一方、パワーヒューズ３１８a内蔵のサービスプラグ３１８は、サービスプラグ・ソケット３１８bに挿置されるようになっており、ソケット３１８bは、電池スタック２０を二分する中間電圧部位に配置されている。そして、点検や整備の際には、先ずソケット３１８bからサービスプラグ３１８を抜いておかないと、電池機器モジュール部３１のカバーが開かず、その内部機器にアクセスできないように、電池機器モジュール部３１は、設計されている。   On the other hand, a service plug 318 with a built-in power fuse 318a is inserted into a service plug socket 318b, and the socket 318b is disposed at an intermediate voltage portion that bisects the battery stack 20. When inspecting or servicing, the battery device module unit 31 must be removed from the socket 318b without first removing the service plug 318 so that the cover of the battery device module unit 31 cannot be opened and the internal devices cannot be accessed. Designed.

本実施形態の電池パックは、上記したように、電池スタック２０を電池機器モジュール部３１と拘束部材３２とで拘束したとき電池スタック２０に掛かる圧力を所定の圧力範囲に保持する圧力保持手段１２を備えているので、電池電槽の発熱や内圧上昇があっても、バネ１２６が伸縮するので、拘束荷重が増大せず、電池パックの出力低下を抑えることができる。   As described above, the battery pack according to the present embodiment includes the pressure holding unit 12 that holds the pressure applied to the battery stack 20 in a predetermined pressure range when the battery stack 20 is restrained by the battery device module unit 31 and the restraining member 32. Since the spring 126 is expanded and contracted even if the battery case generates heat or the internal pressure increases, the restraint load does not increase and the output reduction of the battery pack can be suppressed.

また、本実施形態の電池パックは、電池機器モジュール部３１が電池スタック２０の一方の拘束プレートを兼ねるので、高価な拘束プレートを１枚省くことができる。   In the battery pack of this embodiment, the battery device module unit 31 also serves as one of the restraining plates of the battery stack 20, so that one expensive restraining plate can be omitted.

また、本実施形態の電池パックは、電池スタック２０の拘束部材３２が電池スタック２０を収容する筐体を兼ねるので、電池パックの軽量化、小型化、低コスト化が図られる。   In the battery pack of this embodiment, since the restraining member 32 of the battery stack 20 also serves as a housing that houses the battery stack 20, the battery pack can be reduced in weight, size, and cost.

また、本実施形態の電池パックは、電池スタック２０に掛かる圧力を検出する圧力センサ３１９aを備えているので、圧力が上がり始めた初期段階にシステムメインリレー３１５を開放することができる。その結果、過充電による電池槽の熱暴走（破損）を防止することができる。   In addition, since the battery pack of this embodiment includes the pressure sensor 319a that detects the pressure applied to the battery stack 20, the system main relay 315 can be opened at the initial stage when the pressure starts to increase. As a result, thermal runaway (damage) of the battery tank due to overcharging can be prevented.

また、本実施形態の電池パックでは、電池スタック２０の外側の電池槽に断熱パネルヒータ３１９、３２０が当接しているので、寒冷時でも電池パックの性能低下を抑えることができる。   Moreover, in the battery pack of this embodiment, since the heat insulation panel heaters 319 and 320 are in contact with the battery tank on the outside of the battery stack 20, it is possible to suppress the performance degradation of the battery pack even in cold weather.

実施形態１の電池パックの構成を概略的に示した図である。1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a battery pack according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 実施形態１の電池スタック拘束手段が搭載される電池パックの構成を示した回路図である。FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a battery pack on which the battery stack restraining means of Embodiment 1 is mounted. 図２の電池ＥＣＵ３１３の制御フローを示したフローチャートである。3 is a flowchart showing a control flow of a battery ECU 313 in FIG. 2. 実施形態２の電池パックの構成を示す上部カバーを外した状態の平面図である。FIG. 6 is a plan view of a state in which an upper cover showing the configuration of the battery pack of Embodiment 2 is removed. 実施形態２の電池パックの構成を示す上部カバーを外した状態の側面図である。It is a side view of the state which removed the upper cover which shows the structure of the battery pack of Embodiment 2. 実施形態２の電池パックの構成及び組み立て方法を説明する概略図である。6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration and an assembling method of a battery pack according to Embodiment 2. FIG. 図４の圧力保持手段１２の平面図である。It is a top view of the pressure holding means 12 of FIG. 図７のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. 実施形態２の電池パック全体の回路図である。6 is a circuit diagram of the entire battery pack according to Embodiment 2. FIG. 従来の電池パックの概略構成を分かり易く示す展開図である。It is an expanded view which shows the schematic structure of the conventional battery pack clearly. 従来の電池パックのカバーを外した状態の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the state which removed the cover of the conventional battery pack. 従来の電池パックのカバーを外した状態の平面図である。It is a top view of the state which removed the cover of the conventional battery pack. 電池パックの出力（縦軸）と電池スタック拘束荷重（横軸）の関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the output (vertical axis) of a battery pack, and a battery stack restraint load (horizontal axis).

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０・・・・・・・・・拘束手段
１１a・・・・・・・・Ａ拘束部材
１１b・・・・・・・・Ｂ拘束部材
１２・・・・・・・・圧力保持手段
１２１、１２６・・バネ
２０・・・・・・・・・電池スタック
３０・・・・・・・・・電池機器モジュール
３１３・・・・・・・電池ＥＣＵ
３１４・・・・・・・電流センサ
３１５・・・・・・・メインリレー
３１８・・・・・・・サービスプラグ
３１９a・・・・・・圧力センサ 10 .... Restraining means 11a ... A Restraining member
11b ... B restraining member 12 ... Pressure holding means 121, 126 ... Spring 20 ... Battery stack 30 ... .... Battery equipment module 313 ... Battery ECU
314 ... Current sensor 315 ... Main relay 318 ... Service plug 319a ... Pressure sensor

Claims (8)

複数の電池電槽が積層された電池スタックを積層方向に拘束する電池スタックの拘束手段であって、
前記積層方向において背向する前記電池スタックの二つの面の一方の面側から拘束するＡ拘束部材と、
前記二つの面の他方の面側から拘束するＢ拘束部材と、
前記Ａ拘束部材と前記Ｂ拘束部材とで前記電池スタックを拘束したとき、前記電池スタックに掛かる圧力を所定の圧力範囲に保持する圧力保持手段と、
を有することを特徴とする電池スタックの拘束手段。 A battery stack restraining means for restraining a battery stack in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked in a stacking direction,
A restraining member restraining from one side of the two faces of the battery stack facing away in the stacking direction;
A B restraining member restraining from the other side of the two faces;
Pressure holding means for holding the pressure applied to the battery stack in a predetermined pressure range when the battery stack is restrained by the A restraining member and the B restraining member;
A battery stack restraining means comprising: 前記Ａ拘束部材及び前記Ｂ拘束部材の一方は、前記電池スタックに掛かる圧力を検出する圧力センサを備える請求項１に記載の電池スタックの拘束手段。   2. The battery stack restraining means according to claim 1, wherein one of the A restraining member and the B restraining member includes a pressure sensor that detects a pressure applied to the battery stack. 前記圧力保持手段は、２個以上複数の小型バネを備える請求項１に記載の電池スタックの拘束手段。   The battery stack restraining means according to claim 1, wherein the pressure holding means includes two or more small springs. 複数の電池電槽が積層された電池スタックを積層方向に拘束する機能を持つ電池機器モジュールであって、
前記積層方向において背向する前記電池スタックの二つの面の一方の面側から拘束するＡ拘束部材と、
前記二つの面の他方の面側から拘束するＢ拘束部材と、
前記Ａ拘束部材と前記Ｂ拘束部材とで前記電池スタックを拘束したとき、前記電池スタックに掛かる圧力を所定の圧力範囲に保持する圧力保持手段と、
を有し、
前記Ａ拘束部材及び前記Ｂ拘束部材の一方は、前記電池スタックの両端への回路を開閉する一対のメインリレーと、前記電池スタックに流れる電流を計測する電流センサと、前記電流センサからの信号を監視する電池ＥＣＵと、前記電池スタックの回路に挿置されるサービスプラグと、を備えることを特徴とする電池機器モジュール。 A battery device module having a function of restraining a battery stack in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked in a stacking direction,
A restraining member restraining from one side of the two faces of the battery stack facing away in the stacking direction;
A B restraining member restraining from the other side of the two faces;
Pressure holding means for holding the pressure applied to the battery stack in a predetermined pressure range when the battery stack is restrained by the A restraining member and the B restraining member;
Have
One of the A restraining member and the B restraining member includes a pair of main relays for opening and closing circuits to both ends of the battery stack, a current sensor for measuring a current flowing through the battery stack, and a signal from the current sensor. A battery device module comprising: a battery ECU to be monitored; and a service plug inserted in a circuit of the battery stack. 前記Ａ拘束部材及び前記Ｂ拘束部材の一方は、前記電池スタックに掛かる圧力を検出する圧力センサを備える請求項４に記載の電池機器モジュール。   5. The battery device module according to claim 4, wherein one of the A restraining member and the B restraining member includes a pressure sensor that detects a pressure applied to the battery stack. 前記Ａ拘束部材及び前記Ｂ拘束部材の少なくとも一方は、前記電池スタックを収容する筐体を兼ねる請求項４に記載の電池機器モジュール。   5. The battery device module according to claim 4, wherein at least one of the A restraining member and the B restraining member also serves as a housing that houses the battery stack. 前記圧力保持手段は、２個以上複数の小型バネを備える請求項４に記載の電池機器モジュール。   The battery device module according to claim 4, wherein the pressure holding unit includes two or more small springs. 電池スタックと、前記電池スタックに付設された電池機器モジュールとを有する電池パックにおいて、
前記電池機器モジュールは、請求項４〜７のいずれかに記載のものであることを特徴とする電池パック。 In a battery pack having a battery stack and a battery device module attached to the battery stack,
The battery pack according to claim 4, wherein the battery device module is a battery pack according to claim 4.
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