JP2009236425A - Outdoor unit and heat pump water heater equipped with it - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an outdoor unit and a heat pump water heater equipped with it preventing breaking of equipment due to a construction mistake. <P>SOLUTION: In the heat pump water heater including the outdoor unit, a controller precedently stores a temperature during normal operation in regard to a temperature (a supply water temperature) before heating of a fluid of a heating reception fluid circuit. In the controller, a process of error recognition is carried out when the temperature before heating of the fluid when a predetermined time has passed after starting of a trial run of a heat pump type refrigerating cycle becomes a difference the same or more than a predetermined ΔT1 with respect to the temperature during normal operation, and a process of stopping the trial run is carried out. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an outdoor unit including a heat pump refrigeration cycle and a heat pump hot water heater provided with the same.

  Conventionally, for example, an apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is known as this type of outdoor unit and heat pump type hot water heater. This conventional apparatus has a heat pump unit (outdoor unit) having a heat pump cycle including a compressor, a water / refrigerant heat exchanger (heating heat exchanger), a throttle, and an endothermic heat exchanger, and a hot water storage tank. And a tank unit for supplying hot water to a hot water supply target device.

The heat pump unit (outdoor unit) moves the heat of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the water side taken out from the hot water storage tank by the water / refrigerant heat exchanger to boil hot water. The heated hot water flows through a water side circuit by a circulation pump, is sent to a hot water storage tank and stored. By repeating such a cycle, the temperature of the hot water supply water in the hot water storage tank is kept above a predetermined temperature. For this reason, the water side passage of the water / refrigerant heat exchanger connecting the outdoor unit and the tank unit, the circulation pump and the pipe included in the water side circuit are usually filled with water.
JP 2005-315460 A

  And in order to prevent a large amount of drainage at the time of construction or maintenance, a water stop valve may be installed in the middle of the pipe connecting the outdoor unit and the tank unit. By closing the water stop valve, the operator can avoid the drainage of the hot water storage tank mainly when replacing the outdoor unit, and can perform the work only with the drainage on the outdoor unit side.

  However, if the operator forgets to open the water stop valve and performs a test run, the water heated by the heat pump cycle is not sent to the hot water storage tank, so the temperature rises while the water in the water side circuit remains stagnant. As a result, the internal pressure rises, and there is a problem that, for example, water-side circuit devices such as a water / refrigerant heat exchanger and a circulation pump are damaged.

  Then, this invention is made | formed in view of the said problem, The objective is to provide the outdoor unit which prevents the failure | damage of the apparatus by construction mistake, and a heat pump type water heater provided with the same.

In order to achieve the above object, the following technical means are adopted. That is, the first invention is an invention relating to an outdoor unit including a heat pump refrigeration cycle (2) for heating a fluid by a heating heat exchanger (4) provided on the high pressure side,
The heating heat exchanger is connected to a heated fluid circuit (10) through which the heated fluid circulates, and is provided with valve means (17) for opening and closing the heated fluid circuit,
A control device for controlling the operation of the heat pump refrigeration cycle while inputting the pre-heating temperature of the fluid before flowing into the heating heat exchanger or the post-heating temperature of the fluid flowing out of the heating heat exchanger (50).

  The controller stores in advance the temperature during normal operation for the pre-heating temperature or the post-heating temperature of the fluid, and heating the fluid when a predetermined time has elapsed after the trial operation of the heat pump refrigeration cycle is started. When the pre-temperature (T1) or the post-heating temperature (T2) is more than a predetermined (ΔT1 or ΔT2) difference from the temperature during normal operation, it is recognized that there is an abnormal condition and the trial operation is stopped. It is characterized by.

  According to the present invention, attention is paid to the fact that the behavior of the pre-heating temperature or the post-heating temperature of the fluid during abnormal operation is characteristic of the behavior during normal operation, and by utilizing this behavior, It is possible to reliably detect an abnormal condition in and to take a prompt action to protect the device. Therefore, the outdoor unit which prevents the damage of the apparatus by construction mistake can be provided.

2nd invention is an invention which concerns on an outdoor unit provided with the heat pump refrigerating cycle (2) which heats fluid with the heat exchanger (4) for heating provided in the high voltage | pressure side,
The heating heat exchanger is connected to a heated fluid circuit (10) through which the fluid to be heated circulates, and is provided with valve means (17) for opening and closing the heated fluid circuit,
The pressure of the refrigerant flowing through the heat pump refrigeration cycle is input, and a control device (50) for controlling the operation of the heat pump refrigeration cycle is further provided.

  The control device stores in advance the pressure of the refrigerant during normal operation, and after the trial operation of the heat pump refrigeration cycle is started, the pressure (P) of the refrigerant when a predetermined time has elapsed becomes the pressure during normal operation. On the other hand, when the difference is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (ΔP), it is recognized that the state is abnormal, and the trial run is stopped.

  According to the present invention, attention is paid to the fact that the behavior of the refrigerant pressure in the cycle during abnormal operation is characteristic of the behavior during normal operation, and by utilizing this behavior, the abnormal state during trial operation can be reliably ensured. It can be detected and a prompt action is taken to protect the device. Therefore, the outdoor unit which prevents the damage of the apparatus by construction mistake can be provided.

  In the first invention, the control device further reads the pressure of the refrigerant flowing through the heat pump refrigeration cycle, stores the refrigerant pressure during normal operation in advance, and the trial operation of the heat pump refrigeration cycle is started. After that, even when the pressure (P) of the refrigerant when the predetermined time has passed becomes a difference (ΔP) or more with respect to the pressure during normal operation, it recognizes that it is in an abnormal state and stops the test operation. It is preferable to do.

  According to the present invention, since an abnormal state is detected by determining with a temperature parameter of either the pre-heating temperature or the post-heating temperature, it is possible to reliably and quickly detect a construction error during a test run, and maintain the equipment. High outdoor unit can be provided.

3rd invention is an invention which concerns on an outdoor unit provided with the heat pump refrigerating cycle (2) which heats fluid with the heat exchanger (4) for heating provided in the high voltage | pressure side,
The heating heat exchanger is connected to a heated fluid circuit (10) through which the fluid to be heated circulates, and is provided with valve means (17) for opening and closing the heated fluid circuit,
The heated fluid circuit has a breakage mechanism (20) that breaks before other parts when the operation of the heat pump refrigeration cycle is performed in a state where the flow of the fluid is blocked by the valve means. It is characterized by.

  According to the present invention, even if the operation during abnormal operation is continued, the damage to the apparatus is minimized by providing the heated fluid circuit with the damage mechanism part that detects and breaks the abnormal state most quickly. Can be suppressed. Therefore, the outdoor unit which prevents the damage of the apparatus by construction mistake can be provided. In addition, it is possible to easily confirm which part of the device the abnormal operation is caused by, for example, effects such as influence on other parts, replacement of parts, prevention of recurrence, etc. I can expect.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the damage mechanism part (20) is comprised by the piping member (21) which has a thin part (22) whose intensity | strength is lower than piping used for a to-be-heated fluid circuit. According to this invention, by providing a pipe member having an appropriate thickness, the breakage mechanism portion can be realized with a simple configuration, and an inexpensive breakage mechanism portion can be provided.

  The heated fluid circuit has a joint member that connects the pipe (12) connected to the heating heat exchanger and the pipe (16) connected to the tank (43) provided in the heated fluid circuit. (18) is provided, and the breakage mechanism (20) is preferably provided in the joint member.

  According to the present invention, by providing a breakage mechanism portion on the joint member in a place where it is easy for the operator to operate during construction or maintenance, replacement work of the breakage mechanism portion destroyed by the operation at the time of abnormality can be easily performed without burden. It can be carried out.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the damage mechanism part (20) is exposed to the exterior of the housing | casing (1a) in which the heat pump type refrigerating cycle is accommodated. According to the present invention, it is easy to visually check the portion destroyed by the operation at the time of abnormality, and the replacement work of the damaged mechanism portion can be performed quickly and without burden on the operator.

  Further, the outdoor unit according to any one of the above inventions and a hot water storage tank (43) provided in the heated fluid circuit are provided, and the fluid stored in the hot water storage tank is used to the hot water supply target terminal side. A heat pump type hot water heater for discharging hot water is provided. According to the present invention, since a large amount of fluid is stored in the hot water storage tank, there are many situations in which the valve means is closed, so that the operational effects brought about by the above inventions are greater.

  In addition, the code | symbol in the bracket | parenthesis of each said means is an example which shows a corresponding relationship with the specific means of embodiment mentioned later.

  A plurality of modes for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each embodiment, parts corresponding to the matters described in the preceding embodiment may be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may be omitted. In the case where only a part of the configuration is described in each embodiment, the other parts of the configuration are the same as those described previously. In addition to the combination of parts specifically described in each embodiment, the embodiments may be partially combined as long as the combination is not particularly troublesome.

(First embodiment)
The outdoor unit 1 in 1st Embodiment which is one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. The outdoor unit 1 is a unit including a heat pump refrigeration cycle 2 and can heat the fluid by moving the heat of the refrigerant in the heating heat exchanger provided on the high pressure side of the cycle. This fluid to be heated (hereinafter also referred to as a fluid to be heated) circulates through the fluid circuit 10 to be heated, which is composed of pipes connected in an annular shape. In the middle of the heated fluid circuit 10, there is a tank portion for storing fluid, and the inside of the tank portion and the heated fluid side passage of the heating heat exchanger are communicated with each other by a pipe connecting them.

  The heat stored in the heated fluid is used for the amount of heat for hot water supply, the amount of heat for heating, and the like. When used as the amount of heat for hot water supply, the outdoor unit 1 is applied as a heat pump unit of a hot water supply device, being used as the amount of hot water discharged to the hot water supply target terminal side such as a kitchen, a hand-washer, a bath, and a shower. When used as the amount of heat for heating, the outdoor unit 1 is used as a heat pump unit such as an indoor air conditioner or a floor heater, for example, as the amount of heat of hot air supplied from indoor heating equipment.

  Hereinafter, in this embodiment, the outdoor unit 1 uses the hot water (heated fluid) stored in the hot water storage tank 43 provided in the middle of the heated fluid circuit 10 to discharge hot water supply water to the hot water supply target terminal side. An example applied to a heat pump type water heater will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a heat pump type water heater to which the outdoor unit 1 is applied. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration related to the control of the heat pump type hot water heater.

  The outdoor unit 1 is a unit having a casing (exterior panel 1a) including a heat pump refrigeration cycle 2 therein as an outer shell, and is installed outdoors. Hereinafter, description will be given with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The heat pump refrigeration cycle 2 includes a compressor 3, a water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4 as a heat exchanger for heating that performs heat exchange on the high pressure side, an expansion valve 5 that is a decompression device, and an evaporation corresponding to a low pressure side heat exchanger. The container 6 and the accumulator 7 are configured by being sequentially connected in an annular manner by piping. In the present embodiment, for example, carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant flowing inside.

  The compressor 3 is driven by a built-in electric motor, and compresses and discharges the gas-phase refrigerant sucked from the accumulator 7 to a critical pressure or higher. The compressor 3 is supplied with a DC voltage DC-converted by an inverter by a control device 50 described later, and its rotational speed is controlled.

  The water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4 exchanges heat between the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 3 and the water supplied from the hot water storage tank 43, and heats the water by a heat radiation action to heat the hot water (for example, Target temperature 90 ° C.). This water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4 has a refrigerant passage through which a refrigerant flows and a water passage through which water flows, so that the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant passage and the flow direction of the water flowing through the water passage face each other. It is configured.

  The expansion valve 5 is a decompression unit that decompresses the refrigerant flowing out of the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4 in an enthalpy manner according to the valve opening. Specifically, the expansion valve 5 becomes larger by increasing the valve opening. Depressurize. In other words, the pressure is increased with respect to the high-pressure side of the refrigerant by reducing the valve opening. Since the valve opening degree of the expansion valve 5 is electrically controlled by the control device 50, the refrigerant flow rate is appropriately controlled.

  The evaporator 6 is a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the air and the refrigerant, and absorbs heat from the outside air blown from the blower 8 to evaporate the refrigerant decompressed by the expansion valve 5. Here, the blower 8 uses, for example, a centrifugal fan or a propeller fan, and is controlled by the control device 50. The accumulator 7 performs a function of a receiver that separates the refrigerant flowing out of the evaporator 6 into gas and liquid, sucks only the gas-phase refrigerant into the compressor 3, and stores excess refrigerant in the cycle.

  A pressure sensor 9 is provided between the compressor 3 and the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4 to detect the refrigerant pressure on the high-pressure side. A pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor 9 is output to the control device 50.

  The water passage of the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4 and the hot water storage tank 43 are arranged in the heated fluid circuit 10 constituted by an annular pipe. The bottom of the hot water storage tank 43 and the water passage of the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4 are connected by a tank side pipe 16 and a heat exchanger side pipe 12. The water passage of the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4 and the top of the hot water storage tank 43 are connected by a heat exchanger side pipe 13 and a tank side pipe 15. The tank side pipe 16 and the heat exchanger side pipe 12 are connected by a joint member 18 to connect both pipes, and the heat exchanger side pipe 13 and the tank side pipe 15 are connected to each other by a joint member 14. Connected by. That is, the heated fluid circuit 10 includes, in order, the hot water storage tank 43, the tank side pipe 16, the joint member 18, the heat exchanger side pipe 12, the water passage of the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4, the heat exchanger side pipe 13, and the joint. A circuit in which water circulates is configured by connecting the member 14, the tank side pipe 15, and the hot water storage tank 43.

  In the present embodiment, the outdoor unit 1 includes a portion of the heated fluid circuit 10 on the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4 side with the joint member 14 and the joint member 18 as a boundary. Thus, the portion and the heat pump refrigeration cycle 2 are arranged in the casing, and all or a part of the joint member 14 and the joint member 18 are exposed to the outside of the exterior panel 1a. The joint member 18 incorporates a strainer that collects foreign matters in the flowing fluid.

  The tank side pipe 16 is provided with a water stop valve 17 as a valve means capable of blocking the water in the hot water storage tank 43 so as not to flow into the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4. By opening and closing the water stop valve 17, the flow of the heated fluid circuit 10 can be opened and closed. The heat exchanger side pipe 12 is provided with a circulation pump 11 for forcibly circulating the water in the hot water storage tank 43 in the heated fluid circuit 10. Further, the circulation pump 11 may be disposed in the tank side pipe 16 similarly to the water stop valve 17.

  A water supply temperature sensor 30 for detecting the temperature of water before being heated is provided on the inlet side of the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4 in the heated fluid circuit 10, and further on the outlet side of the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4. A boiling temperature sensor 31 is provided for detecting the temperature of the hot water after being heated. Temperature signals detected by the feed water temperature sensor 30 and the boiling temperature sensor 31 are output to the control device 50. The operation of the circulation pump 11 is controlled by the control device 50.

  The hot water storage tank 43 is a metal container having excellent corrosion resistance, for example, a stainless steel tank having an internal capacity of 200 L, and a heat insulating material (not shown) is disposed on the outer peripheral portion, and hot water is stored inside for a long time. Can be kept warm. A plurality of water level sensors (not shown) are arranged on the outer wall surface of the hot water storage tank 43 at substantially equal intervals in the vertical direction, and temperature information at each water level of the hot water or hot water filled in the hot water storage tank 43 is obtained. The data is output to the control device 50. For example, in the hot water storage tank 43 having a capacity of 200 L, temperature information of the water level in increments of 50 L is output, and the hot water heated in the upper part of the hot water tank 43 and the hot water in the lower part of the hot water tank 43 before being heated. The boundary surface with water can be detected in increments of 50L.

  A city water pipe 41 provided with a pressure reducing check valve (not shown) is connected to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 43 so that tap water can be supplied into the hot water storage tank 43. Connected to the top of the hot water storage tank 43 is a hot water supply pipe 42 having a hot water solenoid valve (not shown). The hot water storage tank 43, a part of the city water pipe 41, a part of the hot water supply pipe 42, and a mixing valve, a switching valve (not shown) and the like are included in the tank unit 40 and housed in a housing that is an outline of the tank unit 40. Has been.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the control device 50 includes a set temperature signal set by the user, for example, a set temperature input from a remote controller, a pressure signal from the pressure sensor 9, a feed water temperature sensor 30, and a boiling temperature sensor 31. On the basis of temperature signals from various other sensors such as a water level sensor, energization control is performed on the compressor 3, the expansion valve 5, the blower 8, the circulation pump 11, and the like.

  The bath remote controller 51 and the kitchen remote controller 52 are operation panels that are operated when the user uses the hot water supply device, and each operation switch and a display unit that displays an operation state and a setting state of the hot water supply device. The bath remote controller 51 is installed on the wall surface of the bathroom for bathers to use in the bathroom, and the kitchen remote controller 52 is a remote control panel installed on the wall surface of a place where hot water is used such as a kitchen away from the bathroom. . Each operation switch may include a test operation mode switch that is operated when performing a test operation for confirming the operation after construction of the water heater or after maintenance such as replacement.

  In the heat pump type water heater having the above-described configuration, first, hot water is boiled into the hot water storage tank 43 in the late-night time zone (between 23:00 on the current day and 7 o'clock on the next day) where the electricity rate is low. That is, in the boiling operation, the remaining amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank 43 (remaining amount of hot water) is grasped by the control device 50 from the temperature signal of the water level sensor, and the amount of remaining hot water is subtracted from the total capacity of the tank. The amount of boiling is calculated, and the heat pump refrigeration cycle 2 and the heated fluid circuit 10 are operated so that the hot water storage tank 43 is filled with hot water.

  In the heat pump type hot water heater to which the outdoor unit 1 having the above configuration is applied, an operator may replace the device or check each device after closing the water stop valve 17 during construction or maintenance. This is to prevent the heated fluid filled in each part of the heated fluid circuit 10, that is, water from being drained as much as possible. In particular, when the heated fluid circuit 10 has the hot water storage tank 43 as in the present embodiment, there is 100 L or more of water in the tank, and the water is reliably stopped so that this large amount of water does not flow out. The work will be done.

  Therefore, the operator performs necessary work with the water stop valve 17 closed, and after the work is completed, performs a test run to confirm the operation. At this time, if the trial operation is started in a state where the water stop valve 17 is forgotten to be opened and closed, the circulation pump 11 cannot suck the water in the hot water storage tank 43, so that the water does not circulate in the heated fluid circuit 10. This will cause abnormal operation and eventually damage the equipment. In the apparatus of the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent in advance that the abnormal operation is continued and the equipment is damaged.

  Next, error stop control, which is a means for preventing damage to the equipment, will be described. FIG. 3 is a time chart showing the error stop control executed when a certain condition is satisfied during the trial operation. The test operation when the water stop valve 17 is in the open state and the water in the heated fluid circuit 10 can be circulated is a normal operation. In this normal operation, since the high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 3 flows into the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4 and exchanges heat with water, the boiling temperature T2 after heating rises with time (see FIG. 3 is a normal broken line). Moreover, since the feed water temperature T1 before heating is the temperature of the water sucked from the hot water storage tank 43, it changes at a substantially constant temperature (the one-dot chain line at normal time shown in FIG. 3).

  The control device 50 stores in advance data during normal operation for the water supply (before heating) temperature T1, and stores data during normal operation for the boiling (after heating) temperature T2 in advance. The stored normal temperature data is, for example, data obtained from an evaluation experiment using a master machine having the same product specifications as the heat pump hot water supply apparatus.

  On the other hand, the test operation performed with the water stop valve 17 closed is an abnormal operation. In this abnormal operation, since water does not circulate in the heated fluid circuit 10, the water heated by the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4 stays, and the boiling temperature T2 does not rise so much (shown in FIG. 3). Broken line at the time of abnormality). In addition, the water supply temperature T1 changes at a substantially constant temperature during normal operation, but stays without water circulation, and thus rises due to heat conduction (the one-dot chain line at the time of abnormality shown in FIG. 3).

  When the abnormal operation is performed, the control device 50 detects the feed water temperature or the boiling temperature after a predetermined time has elapsed, compares the detected temperature with the temperature data stored in the normal state, and stores the predetermined temperature. When the temperature difference ΔT1 or more or ΔT2 or more can be confirmed, it is recognized that the operation is in an abnormal state and an error is displayed (for example, “valve check” is displayed) and the test operation is stopped. In this way, by making the test run person aware of the abnormal state by the error display, the work for solving the abnormal state, here, the opening of the water stop valve 17 is also urged. Further, by stopping the trial operation, it is possible to prevent in advance the damage to the equipment that may occur if the operation is continued as it is, that is, the destruction of the circulation pump 11 (indicated by x in FIG. 3).

  The control flow during the above trial operation will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the control flow during trial operation (when the feed water temperature is used). When the control device 50 recognizes a test operation command, this control starts. First, in step 10, each device is activated to start a test operation. Here, the test operation command is recognized when a test operation command is transmitted from the remote controller to the control device 50 by the operator operating the test operation mode switch.

  And the control apparatus 50 measures time with the start of test operation, and determines whether predetermined time (for example, 3 minutes) has passed since the test operation start (step 20). This predetermined time is a time that does not lead to the damage of the weakest part (for example, the casing of the circulation pump 11) in the heated fluid circuit 10, and is stored in the normal temperature data. It is set to the time when the difference between and clearly appears. This determination of the elapse of the predetermined time is repeatedly performed until the predetermined time elapses. When it is determined in step 20 that the predetermined time has elapsed, the control device 50 detects the temperature of the fluid before being heated by the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4, for example, the water supply detected by the water supply temperature sensor 30. The temperature T1 is read (step 30). Next, the control device 50 calculates a difference between the read detected value T1 of the feed water temperature and the stored normal water (also referred to as normal) feed water temperature data, and this difference is equal to or greater than a predetermined temperature difference ΔT1. It is determined whether or not (step 40).

  If it is determined in step 40 that the calculated difference is less than the predetermined temperature difference ΔT1, it is determined that the water stop valve 17 is not in an abnormal state such as being closed, and the test operation is continued as it is. When the predetermined test run is completed, this flow is also terminated. On the other hand, if it is determined in step 40 that the calculated difference is equal to or greater than the predetermined temperature difference ΔT1, it is determined that the water stop valve 17 is in an abnormal state such as being closed, and error recognition processing is performed. (Step 50), an error display is displayed on the display unit of the remote controller (for example, “valve check” is displayed) or an alarm is sounded to notify the operator. The operator can recognize the abnormal state by the notification, and can perform an operation of removing a factor causing the abnormal state, for example, opening the water stop valve 17. Furthermore, in order to prevent the weakest part of the heated fluid circuit 10 from being damaged if the test operation is continued as it is, the control device 50 immediately executes a process of stopping the test operation (step 60), and ends this flow. .

  Next, another form of the control flow during the trial run will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing another example of the control flow during the trial run. The flowchart shown in FIG. 5 differs from the flowchart of FIG. 4 described above in that an abnormal state is detected using the boiling temperature. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 5, steps denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the flowchart shown in FIG. 4 perform the same processing, exhibit similar operational effects, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  In the flowchart of FIG. 5, if it is determined in step 20 that the predetermined time has elapsed, the control device 50 detects the temperature of the fluid after being heated by the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4, for example, the boiling temperature sensor. The boiling temperature T2 detected by 31 is read (step 30a). Next, the controller 50 calculates a difference between the read boiling temperature detection value T2 and the normal (normally called) boiling temperature data stored in advance, and this difference is equal to or greater than a predetermined ΔT2. It is determined whether or not the difference is (step 40a).

  Then, if it is determined in step 40a that the calculated difference is less than the predetermined temperature difference ΔT2, it is determined that there is no abnormal state, the trial run is continued as it is, and this flow is also completed when the predetermined trial run is completed. finish. On the other hand, if it is determined in step 40a that the calculated difference is equal to or greater than the predetermined temperature difference ΔT2, it is determined that the state is abnormal, and the error recognition process described above is executed (step 50). The person in charge. Furthermore, the control device 50 immediately executes a process for stopping the trial run (step 60), and ends this flow.

  The effects provided by the outdoor unit 1 according to this embodiment will be described below. In the outdoor unit 1, the control device 50 stores in advance the temperature during normal operation with respect to the pre-heating temperature (feed water temperature) of the fluid in the heated fluid circuit 10. Then, after the trial operation of the heat pump refrigeration cycle 2 is started, the control device 50 indicates that the pre-heating temperature (water supply temperature) of the fluid when a predetermined time (for example, 3 minutes) has elapsed is the temperature data during normal operation. On the other hand, when the difference is equal to or greater than a predetermined ΔT1, an error is recognized and a process for stopping the test run is executed.

  With this control, paying attention to the fact that the behavior of the feed water temperature during abnormal operation is characteristic of that during normal operation, and using this behavior, the abnormal state during trial operation can be detected reliably. , Damage to the equipment can be prevented in advance.

  Moreover, the control apparatus 50 has memorize | stored previously the temperature at the time of normal operation about the temperature after heating (boiling temperature) of the fluid of the to-be-heated fluid circuit 10. FIG. Then, after the start of the trial operation of the heat pump refrigeration cycle 2, the control device 50 indicates that the temperature after heating (boiling temperature) when a predetermined time (for example, 3 minutes) has elapsed is the temperature data during normal operation. When the difference is greater than or equal to a predetermined ΔT2, error recognition is performed and a process for stopping the test run is executed.

  With this control, paying attention to the fact that the behavior of the boiling temperature during abnormal operation is characteristic of that during normal operation, and using this behavior, abnormal conditions during trial operation can be reliably detected. Thus, damage to the device can be prevented in advance.

  In addition, when either the difference of the predetermined ΔT2 or more or the difference of the predetermined ΔT1 or more is confirmed, the control device 50 may perform an error recognition process and execute a process for stopping the test run. preferable. According to this control, since the abnormal state is detected by the determination parameter of either the feed water temperature or the boiling temperature, it is possible to more reliably and promptly detect a construction error during the trial operation, and to maintain the equipment.

(Second Embodiment)
In the present embodiment, another embodiment different from the control flow during the trial operation described in the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 is a time chart showing the error stop control executed when a certain condition is satisfied during the trial operation of the present embodiment. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a control flow at the time of trial operation in the present embodiment. The flowchart shown in FIG. 7 differs from the flowchart of FIG. 4 described above in that an abnormal state is detected using the refrigerant pressure on the high pressure side. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 7, steps denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the flowchart shown in FIG. 4 perform the same processing, exhibit similar effects, and will not be described.

  The error stop control of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, in an abnormal operation in which the trial operation is performed with the water stop valve 17 closed, water does not circulate in the heated fluid circuit 10, so that the refrigerant and water in the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4 Therefore, the refrigerant pressure on the high-pressure side rises faster compared to that during normal operation (the broken line at normal time shown in FIG. 6). (Dotted line at the time of abnormality shown in FIG. 6).

  The control device 50 stores in advance data during normal operation for the refrigerant pressure P on the high pressure side. The stored normal pressure data is, for example, data obtained from an evaluation experiment using a master machine having the same product specifications as the heat pump hot water supply apparatus.

  When the above-described abnormal operation is performed, the control device 50 detects the refrigerant pressure on the high-pressure side after a lapse of a predetermined time, and stores the detected pressure and normal pressure (also referred to as normal time) pressure data stored in advance. If the pressure difference ΔP is confirmed to be equal to or greater than that, it is recognized that the operation is abnormal and an error is displayed, and the test operation is stopped. In this way, by making the test run person aware of the abnormal state by the error display, the work for solving the abnormal state, here, the opening of the water stop valve 17 is also urged. Furthermore, by stopping the trial operation, it is possible to prevent in advance the damage to the equipment that may occur if the operation is continued as it is, that is, the destruction of the circulation pump 11 (indicated by x in FIG. 6).

  Next, another form of the control flow during the trial run will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the control flow during the trial run. The flowchart shown in FIG. 7 differs from the flowchart of FIG. 4 described above in that an abnormal state is detected using the refrigerant pressure on the high pressure side. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 7, steps denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the flowchart shown in FIG. 4 perform the same processing, exhibit similar effects, and a description thereof is omitted.

  In the flowchart of FIG. 7, when it is determined in step 20 that the predetermined time has elapsed, the control device 50 reads the refrigerant pressure on the high pressure side of the refrigeration cycle, for example, the refrigerant pressure P detected by the pressure sensor 9. (Step 30b). Next, the control device 50 calculates a difference between the read detected value P of the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure and the high-pressure side pressure data stored in a normal state (also referred to as normal time) in advance, and this difference is a predetermined value. It is determined whether or not the pressure difference is greater than ΔP (step 40b).

  If it is determined in step 40b that the calculated difference is less than the predetermined pressure difference ΔP, it is determined that there is no abnormal state, the test operation is continued as it is, and this flow is also completed when the predetermined test operation is completed. finish. On the other hand, if it is determined in step 40b that the calculated difference is greater than or equal to the predetermined pressure difference ΔP, it is determined that the state is abnormal, and the error recognition process described above is executed (step 50). The person in charge. Furthermore, the control device 50 immediately executes a process for stopping the trial run (step 60), and ends this flow.

  The control device 50 of the present embodiment stores in advance the temperature during normal operation for the refrigerant pressure on the high pressure side of the refrigeration cycle. Then, after the trial operation of the heat pump refrigeration cycle 2 is started, the control device 50 determines that the refrigerant pressure on the high-pressure side when a predetermined time (for example, 3 minutes) has elapsed is predetermined with respect to the pressure data during normal operation. When the pressure difference is equal to or greater than ΔP, an error is recognized and a process for stopping the test operation is executed.

  According to this control, paying attention to the fact that the behavior of the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure during abnormal operation is characteristic of the behavior during normal operation, by utilizing this behavior, the abnormal state during trial operation can be reliably ensured. It is possible to detect and prevent damage to the device in advance.

  In addition, when any of the difference of the predetermined ΔT2 or more, the difference of the predetermined ΔT1 or more, or the difference of the predetermined ΔP or more is confirmed, the control device 50 performs error recognition processing and stops the test operation. It is preferable to execute the processing. According to this control, since an abnormal state is detected by any one of the determination parameters of the feed water temperature, the boiling temperature, and the refrigerant pressure on the high pressure side, it is possible to more reliably and quickly detect a construction error at the time of trial operation. Further equipment maintenance can be achieved.

(Third embodiment)
In the present embodiment, the configuration of the breakage mechanism portion 20 provided in the joint member 18 described in the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the breakage mechanism 20 in the heated fluid circuit 10 of the present embodiment. In FIG. 8, components having the same reference numerals as those in the schematic diagram of FIG. 1 are the same components, and the description thereof is omitted. Moreover, this embodiment and each said embodiment are combinable.

  The breakage mechanism portion 20 is provided in the joint member 18 shown in FIG. 1, and is realized by a lid member 21 attached to an end portion of the cylindrical portion 18 a that is a part of the joint member 18. The inside of the cylindrical portion 18 a communicates with the inside of the heat exchanger side pipe 12 and the tank side pipe 16. An O-ring 19 serving as a seal member is interposed between the end of the cylindrical portion 18a and the lid member 21. In this state, the lid member 21 is tightly fastened and fixed to the end portion of the cylindrical portion 18a by screws, bolts, nuts or the like (not shown). Water) can be prevented from leaking.

  The lid member 21 is disposed so as to be exposed to the outside of the exterior panel 1a of the outdoor unit 1 in which the heat pump refrigeration cycle 2 is accommodated. The lid member 21 is a flat plate member that includes a flange portion that comes into contact with the end portion of the cylindrical portion 18a, and a central thin portion 22 surrounded by the flange portion.

  The thin-walled portion 22 has a strength that is damaged by the internal pressure of the heat exchanger side pipe 12 and the tank side pipe 16 when the abnormal operation described in each of the above embodiments is performed, and is not damaged by the internal pressure of the normal operation. It is thick. In other words, the lid member 21 is a member having the lowest pressure resistance among the respective parts included in the heated refrigerant circuit 10. For example, the pressure resistance of the lid member 21 is set lower than the pressure resistance of the circulation pump 11.

  This thickness dimension can be changed to the material of the lid member 21. This wall thickness is determined, for example, from an evaluation experiment using a master machine with the same product specifications as this heat pump type hot water supply device. The dimensions can be designed to have the pressure resistance determined in (1). Further, the thin portion 22 of the lid member 21 may be formed thinner than the thickness of the pipes constituting the heated fluid circuit 10. Further, when the lid member 21 is a resin material, a useful breakage mechanism portion 20 excellent in productivity and cost can be obtained.

  The lid member 21 may be used as a lid for sealing the strainer incorporated in the joint member 18. In this case, the strainer can be taken out by releasing the fastening structure of the lid member 21 and removing the lid member 21.

  The effects provided by the outdoor unit and the heat pump type hot water heater according to this embodiment will be described below. In the outdoor unit and the heat pump type water heater of the present embodiment, the heated fluid circuit 10 is provided with a water stop valve 17 that blocks water from flowing into the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4. The heated fluid circuit 10 includes a breakage mechanism 20 that breaks before other parts when the heat pump refrigeration cycle 2 is operated in a state where the flow of water is blocked by the water stop valve 17. .

  According to this configuration, even if the operation is continued with the water stop valve 17 closed during a test operation or the like, the damaged mechanism unit 20 that is damaged by detecting the abnormal operation state most quickly is heated. By being provided in the fluid circuit 10, damage can be limited to the breakage of the breakage mechanism portion 20 and can be minimized. Therefore, an outdoor unit and a heat pump hot water heater that prevent damage to equipment due to construction errors can be obtained. Moreover, it can know quickly that there was a construction defect by damaging the damage mechanism part 20. In addition, it is easy to confirm which part of the apparatus causes the abnormal operation. For this reason, it is easy to confirm the degree of influence on other components, and there is an effect that it is easy to deal with parts replacement, recurrence prevention measures and the like.

  Moreover, the breakage mechanism part 20 is comprised by the cover member 21 which has the thin part 22 with the thickness lower than the piping used for the to-be-heated fluid circuit 10. As shown in FIG. According to this configuration, by providing the lid member 21 having an appropriate thickness, the breakage mechanism unit 20 can be realized with a simple configuration, and the breakage mechanism unit 20 that needs to be replaced can be made small and inexpensive.

  The heated fluid circuit 10 includes a heat exchanger side pipe 12 connected to the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4, and a tank side pipe 16 connected to a hot water storage tank 43 provided in the heated fluid circuit 10. The joint member 18 that connects the two is provided, and the breakage mechanism 20 is provided on the joint member 18.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to easily replace the damaged mechanism portion 20 that has been destroyed by an abnormal operation by providing the damaged mechanism portion 20 on the joint member 18 in a place where the operator can easily operate during construction or maintenance. Can be done.

  Further, the breakage mechanism 20 is exposed to the outside of the casing (exterior panel 1a) of the outdoor unit 1 in which the heat pump refrigeration cycle 2 is housed. According to this structure, the part destroyed by the driving | operation at the time of abnormality is easy to visually check. Thereby, it can be confirmed immediately that there was a construction failure. In addition, with the above configuration, the replacement work of the breakage mechanism unit 20 can be performed quickly and accurately, and can be performed without burdening the operator.

(Other embodiments)
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  For example, in the above embodiment, in the passage of the heated fluid circuit 10 between the bottom of the hot water storage tank 43 and the inlet side of the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4, the water stop valve 17 is set upstream and the circulation pump 11 is set downstream. Although it arrange | positions to the side, it is not limited to the order of this arrangement | positioning. For example, in the passage of the fluid circuit 10 to be heated, the water stop valve 17 may be disposed on the downstream side, and the circulation pump 11 may be disposed on the upstream side. In this case, the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4 can be prevented from being damaged and protected by implementing the means described in the above embodiments.

  Further, the circulation pump 11 is not limited to being housed in the casing of the outdoor unit 1 as shown in FIG. The circulation pump 11 may be configured to be housed outside the outdoor unit 1 or inside a casing that is an outline of the tank unit 40.

  Moreover, in each said embodiment, although the expansion valve 5 was used as a pressure reduction means in the outdoor unit 1, it may replace with this and may also be used as an ejector. The ejector mixes the nozzle part that decompresses and expands the high-pressure side refrigerant that has flowed out of the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 4, the refrigerant injected from the nozzle part, and the gas-phase refrigerant sucked from the evaporator, thereby And a boosting unit that boosts the pressure of the compressor 3, whereby the power of the compressor 3 can be reduced and the coefficient of performance of the heat pump hot water supply device can be improved.

  Moreover, although the outdoor unit 1 comprised what is called a supercritical heat pump cycle which pressurizes a refrigerant | coolant more than a critical pressure with the compressor 3, it is not limited to a supercritical heat pump cycle. Further, the refrigerant is not limited to carbon dioxide, and may be another refrigerant such as Freon.

It is the schematic diagram which showed schematic structure of the heat pump type water heater to which the outdoor unit 1 of 1st Embodiment was applied. It is the schematic diagram which showed the structure which concerns on control of the heat pump type water heater of 1st Embodiment. It is the time chart which showed the error stop control which can operate | move when performing the trial run of the heat pump type hot water heater of 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the control flow at the time of the trial run in the heat pump type hot water heater of 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the other example of the control flow at the time of the test run in the heat pump type water heater of 1st Embodiment. It is the time chart which showed the error stop control which can operate | move when performing the trial run of the heat pump type water heater which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the control flow at the time of the test run in the heat pump type hot water heater which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is the fragmentary sectional view showing the composition of breakage mechanism part 20 in heated fluid circuit 10 of a 3rd embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Outdoor unit 1a ... Exterior panel (housing)
2 ... Heat pump refrigeration cycle 4 ... Water / refrigerant heat exchanger (heat exchanger for heating)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Heated fluid circuit 12 ... Heat exchanger side piping 16 ... Tank side piping 17 ... Water stop valve (valve means)
18 ... Joint member 20 ... Damage mechanism 21 ... Lid member (pipe member)
22 ... Thin part 43 ... Hot water storage tank (tank part)
50 ... Control device

Claims (8)

An outdoor unit comprising a heat pump refrigeration cycle (2) for heating a fluid by a heating heat exchanger (4) provided on the high pressure side,
The heating heat exchanger is connected to a heated fluid circuit (10) through which the fluid to be heated circulates, and is provided with valve means (17) for opening and closing the heated fluid circuit,
The pre-heating temperature of the fluid before flowing into the heating heat exchanger or the post-heating temperature of the fluid flowing out of the heating heat exchanger is input, and the operation of the heat pump refrigeration cycle is controlled. A control device (50) for
The controller is
The temperature at the time of normal operation is memorized beforehand about the temperature before heating of the fluid or the temperature after heating of the fluid,
The temperature (T1) before heating of the fluid or the temperature (T2) after heating of the fluid when a predetermined time has elapsed after the trial operation of the heat pump refrigeration cycle is started with respect to the temperature during the normal operation. An outdoor unit characterized by recognizing an abnormal state and stopping the trial operation when a difference equal to or greater than a predetermined value (ΔT1 or ΔT2) is reached. An outdoor unit comprising a heat pump refrigeration cycle (2) for heating a fluid by a heating heat exchanger (4) provided on the high pressure side,
The heating heat exchanger is connected to a heated fluid circuit (10) through which the fluid to be heated circulates, and is provided with valve means (17) for opening and closing the heated fluid circuit,
The pressure of the refrigerant flowing through the heat pump refrigeration cycle is input, and further includes a control device (50) for controlling the operation of the heat pump refrigeration cycle,
The controller is
The pressure during normal operation is stored in advance for the pressure of the refrigerant,
When the refrigerant pressure (P) when a predetermined time has elapsed after the start of the trial operation of the heat pump refrigeration cycle is different from the normal operation pressure by a predetermined (ΔP) or more, an abnormality An outdoor unit that recognizes that it is in a state and stops the trial operation. Furthermore, the control device comprises:
Pre-stores the pressure of the refrigerant during normal operation, reads the pressure of the refrigerant flowing through the heat pump refrigeration cycle,
Even when the pressure (P) of the refrigerant when the predetermined time has elapsed after the start of the trial operation of the heat pump refrigeration cycle is different from the pressure during normal operation by a predetermined (ΔP) or more. The outdoor unit according to claim 1, wherein the outdoor unit recognizes an abnormal state and stops the trial operation. An outdoor unit comprising a heat pump refrigeration cycle (2) for heating a fluid by a heating heat exchanger (4) provided on the high pressure side,
The heating heat exchanger is connected to a heated fluid circuit (10) through which the fluid to be heated circulates, and is provided with valve means (17) for opening and closing the heated fluid circuit,
The heated fluid circuit includes a breakage mechanism (20) that breaks before other parts when the heat pump refrigeration cycle is operated in a state where the fluid flow is blocked by the valve means. An outdoor unit characterized by that.   The said damage mechanism part (20) is comprised by the piping member (21) which has a thin part (22) whose intensity | strength is lower than piping used for the said to-be-heated fluid circuit. Outdoor unit. A joint connecting the pipe (12) connected to the heat exchanger for heating and the pipe (16) connected to a tank part (43) provided in the heated fluid circuit to the heated fluid circuit A member (18) is provided;
The outdoor unit according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the breakage mechanism (20) is provided in the joint member.   The outdoor unit according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the breakage mechanism part (20) is exposed to the outside of a housing (1a) in which the heat pump refrigeration cycle is housed.   An outdoor unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and a hot water storage tank (43) provided in the heated fluid circuit, and a hot water supply object using a fluid stored in the hot water storage tank A heat pump type water heater that discharges hot water to the terminal side.

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