JP2009231081A - Fuel cell - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the degradation of an electrolyte film for a fuel cell, and prevent a semi-catalyst layer formed on a catalyst electrode layer from slimming down. <P>SOLUTION: The fuel cell includes an electrolyte film, and a catalyst electrode layer consisting of a semi-catalyst layer formed on one of the faces of the electrolyte film, containing a catalyst carrier making a carrier carry catalyst, electrolyte, and peroxide decomposition catalyst decomposing peroxide, and with an electrolyte/carrier ratio dividing a mass of the electrolyte by a mass of the carrier of a given value or above, and a main catalyst layer including a catalyst carrier and electrolyte formed on the semi-catalyst layer with an electrolyte/carrier ratio smaller than a given value. The semi-catalyst layer contains more hydroxide decomposition catalyst at a face side with a lower potential than at a face side with a higher potential in the case of generation of electrochemical reaction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel cell having a catalyst electrode layer.

  A fuel cell in which a catalyst electrode layer is formed on an electrolyte membrane is known. In this fuel cell, an oxygen-containing oxidizing gas or a hydrogen-containing fuel gas is supplied to a cathode or an anode as a catalyst electrode layer, respectively, so that an electrochemical reaction occurs to generate electric power. I have to.

In the case where the fuel cell is a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, when the cathode is at a low voltage during a high load or the like, hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂ ) is generated from oxygen and protons in the vicinity of the interface between the cathode and the electrolyte membrane. And peroxides such as OH radicals may be generated. As a result, the electrolyte membrane may be decomposed by the peroxide, and the electrolyte membrane may be deteriorated.

  In order to solve such a problem, for example, a fuel cell described in Patent Document 1 below is disclosed. In this fuel cell, the cathode is divided into a quasi-catalyst layer having a relatively high electrolyte ratio and a main catalyst layer having a relatively low electrolyte ratio, and the quasi-catalyst layer is disposed on the electrolyte membrane side, Oxygen is suppressed from reaching near the interface. Along with this, generation of peroxide is suppressed near the interface between the electrolyte membrane and the cathode, and deterioration of the electrolyte membrane is suppressed.

JP 2005-235437 A

  However, in the fuel cell of Patent Document 1, when the cathode has a lower voltage, the peroxide generation reaction becomes active in the quasi-catalyst layer, and the electrolyte in the quasi-catalyst layer is decomposed by the peroxide. The quasi-catalyst layer may be thin. Such a problem may also occur when a quasi-catalyst layer is formed on the anode. Further, such a problem is not limited to the case where the fuel cell is a solid polymer fuel cell, but may also occur in the case of other fuel cells.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a technique for suppressing deterioration of an electrolyte membrane in a fuel cell and for preventing a quasi-catalyst layer formed on a catalyst electrode layer from being thinned. Objective.

  SUMMARY An advantage of some aspects of the invention is to solve at least a part of the problems described above, and the invention can be implemented as the following forms or application examples.

[Application Example 1]
A fuel cell, comprising: an electrolyte membrane; a catalyst-supporting carrier formed on one surface of the electrolyte membrane and having a catalyst supported on the carrier; an electrolyte; and a peroxide decomposition catalyst that decomposes peroxide An electrolyte / carrier ratio obtained by dividing the mass of the electrolyte by the mass of the carrier includes a quasi-catalyst layer having a predetermined value or more, the catalyst-supporting carrier, and the electrolyte, and is formed on the quasi-catalyst layer, A catalyst electrode layer having a main catalyst layer having an electrolyte / support ratio smaller than the predetermined value, and the quasi-catalyst layer has a high reaction rate when an electrochemical reaction occurs. The gist is to contain more in the lower potential side than in the potential side.

  According to the fuel cell having the above configuration, the deterioration of the electrolyte membrane can be suppressed, and the quasi-catalyst layer formed on the catalyst electrode layer can be suppressed from being thinned. In addition, the battery performance of the fuel cell can be improved.

[Application Example 2]
In the fuel cell according to Application Example 1, the catalyst electrode layer is a cathode, and the quasi-catalyst layer is in contact with the main catalyst layer on the surface side having the high potential with respect to the peroxide decomposition catalyst. The fuel cell is characterized in that it is contained more on the surface side that is at the lower potential than the surface side and in contact with the electrolyte membrane.

  If it does in this way, degradation of an electrolyte membrane can be controlled and it can control that a quasi-catalyst layer of a cathode becomes thin.

[Application Example 3]
In the fuel cell according to Application Example 1 or Application Example 2, the quasi-catalyst layer contains a large amount of the peroxide decomposition catalyst as it proceeds from the high-potential side to the low-potential side. A fuel cell.

  In this way, the battery performance of the fuel cell can be further improved.

[Application Example 4]
4. The fuel cell according to any one of application examples 1 to 3, wherein the predetermined value is a numerical value in a range of 1.5 to 2.

[Application Example 5]
In the fuel cell according to any one of Application Examples 1 to 4, the peroxide decomposition catalyst includes:
A fuel cell comprising any one of the following group A, an oxide of any one of the following group A, or an alloy containing two or more of the following group A.
Group A: Pd, Ir, C, Ag, Au, Rh, Ru, Sn, Si, Ti, Zr, Al, Hf, Ce

  If it does in this way, it can control that the semi-catalyst layer formed in the catalyst electrode layer becomes thin. In addition, the battery performance of the fuel cell can be improved.

[Application Example 6]
In the fuel cell according to any one of Application Example 1 to Application Example 5, the peroxide decomposition catalyst is WO ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , CePO ₄ , CrPO ₄ , AlPO ₄ , FePO ₄ , CeF ₃ , Fe— A fuel cell characterized by being any one of porphin, Co-porphine, heme, and catalase.

  If it does in this way, it can control that the semi-catalyst layer formed in the catalyst electrode layer becomes thin. In addition, the battery performance of the fuel cell can be improved.

  In addition to the fuel cell described above, the present invention can also be realized in other aspects of the device invention such as a catalyst electrode layer and a fuel cell system. Further, the present invention is not limited to the device invention, and can be realized in other aspects of the method invention such as a fuel cell manufacturing method and a catalyst electrode layer manufacturing method.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in the following order based on examples.
A. Example:
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a fuel cell 100 as an embodiment of the present invention. The fuel cell 100 includes a membrane electrode assembly 50 (hereinafter referred to as MEA (Mebrane Electrode Assembly) 50), gas diffusion layers 60 and 70, and separators 80 and 90. The MEA 50 includes an electrolyte membrane 10 and a cathode 20 and an anode 30 as catalyst electrode layers formed on both surfaces of the electrolyte membrane 10. The fuel cell 100 is configured such that the MEA 50 is sandwiched between gas diffusion layers 60 and 70, and the sandwich structure is sandwiched between separators 80 and 90. In the fuel cell 100, air as an oxidizing gas is supplied to the cathode 20 side, and hydrogen as a fuel gas is supplied to the anode 30 side. Hereinafter, in the fuel cell 100, the direction in which the electrolyte membrane 10, the cathode 20, the anode 30, the gas diffusion layers 60 and 70, and the separators 80 and 90 are stacked is referred to as a stacking direction.

  The electrolyte membrane 10 is a proton-conducting ion exchange membrane formed of a solid polymer material, for example, a fluororesin such as perfluorofluonic acid, and exhibits good proton conductivity in a wet state.

  The anode 30 is composed of platinum-supporting carbon as a catalyst-supporting carrier and a fluorine-based electrolyte. Details of the cathode 20 will be described later. The gas diffusion layers 60 and 70 are conductive porous members, and are formed of, for example, a carbon porous body such as carbon cloth or carbon paper, or a metal porous body such as a metal mesh or a foam metal. The gas diffusion layer 60 supplies air as an oxidizing gas to the cathode 20 while being dispersed in a direction along the surface of the cathode 20. The gas diffusion layer 70 supplies hydrogen as a fuel gas to the anode 30 while dispersing it in the direction along the surface of the anode 30.

  The separators 80 and 90 can be formed of a gas-impermeable conductive member, for example, dense carbon that has been made to be gas-impermeable by compressing carbon, or a press-molded metal plate. The separator 80 has a recess formed on one side, and an oxidizing gas supply channel for supplying an oxidizing gas (air) to the gas diffusion layer 60 between the surface where the recess is formed and the gas diffusion layer 60. 40 is formed. The separator 90 has a recess formed on one side, and a fuel gas supply channel 45 for supplying fuel gas to the gas diffusion layer 60 between the surface where the recess is formed and the gas diffusion layer 70. Is formed.

  Further, on the outer peripheral portion of the fuel cell 100, a sealing member (not shown) for ensuring gas sealing performance in the oxidizing gas supply channel 40 and the fuel gas supply channel 45 is disposed.

  The cathode 20 includes a quasi-catalyst layer 20A provided on the electrolyte membrane 10 and a main catalyst layer 20B provided on the quasi-catalyst layer 20A.

  FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the cathode 20. FIG. 2A is an enlarged view in which the region x in FIG. 1 is enlarged. FIG. 2B is a diagram showing a state of voltage distribution of the cathode 20 when the fuel cell 100 generates power under a predetermined condition. FIG. 2C is a diagram showing a state of distribution of a peroxide decomposition catalyst described later in the semi-catalyst layer 20A. 2B, the horizontal axis indicates the position in the stacking direction in the fuel cell 100, and the vertical axis indicates the voltage (V) with respect to that position. In FIG. 2C, the horizontal axis indicates the position in the stacking direction of the quasi-catalyst layer 20A, and the vertical axis indicates the amount (mg) per unit volume of the peroxide decomposition catalyst relative to the position.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the quasi-catalyst layer 20A has a platinum-supporting carbon PC as a catalyst-supporting carrier, a fluorine-based electrolyte AO, and a peroxide capable of decomposing peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide and OH radicals. And an oxide decomposition catalyst HH. The quasi-catalyst layer 20A is a layer whose electrolyte / carbon ratio obtained by dividing the mass of the electrolyte by the mass of carbon as a carrier is equal to or greater than a predetermined value Th. That is, the quasi-catalyst layer 20A is a layer having a high electrolyte ratio. As the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH, for example, any one of the following group A, any oxide of the following group A, or an alloy containing two or more of the following group A can be used. . Further, as the peroxide decomposition catalyst _{HH, WO 3, Fe 3 O} 4, CePO 4, CrPO 4, AlPO 4, FePO 4, CeF 3, Fe- porphine, Co- porphine, can be used heme, catalase, etc. .
Group A: Pd, Ir, C, Ag, Au, Rh, Ru, Sn, Si, Ti, Zr, Al, Hf, Ce

  The predetermined value Th is determined by the specific design of the fuel cell 100. For example, the predetermined value Th is preferably a numerical value in the range of 1 to 3, particularly preferably a numerical value in the range of 1.3 to 2.5. A numerical value in the range of 1.5 to 2 is most desirable.

  Further, in the quasi-catalyst layer 20A of this example, as shown in FIG. 2C, the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH progresses from the surface side in contact with the main catalyst layer 20B to the surface side in contact with the electrolyte membrane 10. The peroxide decomposition catalyst HH is provided (attached) so as to decrease in proportion as it proceeds from the surface side in contact with the electrolyte membrane 10 to the surface side in contact with the main catalyst layer 20B. . In other words, in the quasi-catalyst layer 20A, the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH has a concentration distribution that increases from the surface side in contact with the main catalyst layer 20B toward the surface side in contact with the electrolyte membrane 10. HH is given.

  The main catalyst layer 20B includes a platinum-supporting carbon and a fluorine-based electrolyte, and has an electrolyte / carbon ratio smaller than a predetermined value Th. That is, the main catalyst layer 20B is a layer having a relatively low electrolyte ratio. Therefore, in the cathode 20, the oxidizing gas is subjected to an electrochemical reaction mainly in the main catalyst layer 20B.

  When the fuel cell 100 generates power under a predetermined condition, the cathode 20 gradually decreases in voltage from the surface side in contact with the gas diffusion layer 60 to the surface side in contact with the electrolyte membrane 10 as shown in FIG.

By the way, in a fuel cell, when the cathode is at a low voltage during a high load or the like, peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂ ) and OH radicals are formed near the interface between the cathode and the electrolyte membrane from oxygen and protons. May be generated. If it does so, there existed a possibility that an electrolyte membrane might be decomposed | disassembled by a peroxide and an electrolyte membrane might deteriorate. Hydrogen peroxide is generated, for example, by a reaction such as the following formula (1), and OH radicals are generated, for example, from hydrogen peroxide. Further, the reaction of the following formula (1) becomes active as the reaction field voltage decreases from about 0.68 V, and the amount of hydrogen peroxide generated increases rapidly.
2H ⁺ + 2e ⁻ + O ₂ → H ₂ O ₂ (1)

  In order to solve such a problem, for example, the cathode is divided into a quasi-catalyst layer having a high electrolyte ratio and a main catalyst layer having a low electrolyte ratio, and the quasi-catalyst layer is disposed on the electrolyte membrane side, A method is conceivable in which oxygen as an oxidizing gas is prevented from reaching the vicinity of the interface with the cathode (quasi-catalyst layer), the generation of peroxide is suppressed, and as a result, deterioration of the electrolyte membrane is suppressed. However, even in this method, when the load becomes high and the cathode is at a lower voltage, the reaction of the above formula (1) becomes more active in the quasi-catalyst layer, and the peroxide rapidly increases. The electrolyte was gradually decomposed, and the quasi-catalyst layer might be thinned. When the cathode has a lower voltage, the voltage is particularly lowered near the interface with the electrolyte membrane (electrolyte membrane side) in the quasi-catalyst layer (see FIG. 2B). Tends to increase.

  On the other hand, in the fuel cell 100 of the present embodiment, the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH is applied to the quasi-catalyst layer 20A. In this way, even if peroxide is generated in the semi-catalyst layer 20A, it can be decomposed by the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH, and the semi-catalyst layer 20A can be prevented from being thinned.

FIG. 3 is a graph for comparing cell performances of a fuel cell in which the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH is not applied to the quasi-catalyst layer and a fuel cell in which the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH is applied to the entire quasi-catalyst layer. These fuel cells differ only in whether or not the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH is applied to the quasi-catalyst layer, and other configurations (for example, configurations of the anode and the main catalyst layer, etc.) are similar. Yes. In the graph of FIG. 3, the horizontal axis represents current density (A / cm ² ), and the vertical axis represents output voltage (V).

As shown in FIG. 3, the fuel cell in which the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH is applied to the quasi-catalyst layer has a lower cell performance than the fuel cell in which the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH is not applied to the quasi-catalyst layer. I understand. This is considered due to the fact that the proton resistance in the quasi-catalyst layer increases or the electrical conductivity of the quasi-catalyst layer decreases due to the addition of the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH. In this case, when the current density (A / cm ² ) is high, in other words, the battery performance is significantly reduced at high load (low voltage).

  Therefore, in the fuel cell 100 of the present embodiment, the quasi-catalyst layer 20A contains more peroxide decomposition catalyst HH as it proceeds from the surface side in contact with the main catalyst layer 20B to the surface side in contact with the electrolyte membrane 10. In other words, the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH is applied so as to decrease from the surface side in contact with the electrolyte membrane 10 toward the surface side in contact with the main catalyst layer 20B (FIG. 2C). reference). In this way, when the cathode 20 is at a low voltage, the peroxide can be decomposed in the quasi-catalyst layer 20A, particularly in the vicinity of the electrolyte membrane 10 where the peroxide is considered to increase rapidly. As a result, the semi-catalyst layer 20A can be prevented from being thinned, and the electrolyte membrane 10 can be prevented from being decomposed and deteriorated by the peroxide. In addition, in the quasi-catalyst layer 20A, the amount of peroxide decomposition catalyst HH applied is suppressed on the side of the main catalyst layer 20B where the increase rate of peroxide is small. Can be suppressed.

  In the quasi-catalyst layer 20A, the content rate of the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH (see FIG. 2C) that increases as it proceeds from the surface side in contact with the main catalyst layer 20B to the surface side in contact with the electrolyte membrane 10 It is determined by the specific design of the battery 100 or the like.

  Moreover, when forming the semi-catalyst layer 20A, it can be formed by the following two methods, for example. As a first method, first, a catalyst ink having an electrolyte / carbon ratio equal to or greater than a predetermined value Th, an electrolyte membrane 10, and a peroxide decomposition catalyst HH are prepared. Then, a peroxide decomposition catalyst HH is applied onto the electrolyte membrane 10 together with the catalyst ink. In this case, the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH is applied while adjusting the application amount to be small. Then, it is dried. As a second method, an electrolyte membrane 10 is prepared, and a plurality of catalyst inks having an electrolyte / carbon ratio equal to or higher than a predetermined value Th and different peroxide decomposition catalyst HH contents are prepared. Then, the catalyst ink having a higher content of the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH is applied on the electrolyte membrane 10 in order. Then, it is dried. The quasi-catalyst layer 20A can be formed on the electrolyte membrane 10 by the above method.

  In this embodiment, the electrolyte membrane 10 corresponds to the electrolyte membrane in the claims, the platinum-supported carbon PC corresponds to the catalyst-supported carrier in the claims, the carbon corresponds to the carrier in the claims, and the electrolyte AO Corresponds to the electrolyte in the claims, the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH corresponds to the peroxide decomposition catalyst in the claims, the quasi-catalyst layer 20A corresponds to the quasi-catalyst layer in the claims, and the main catalyst layer 20B Corresponds to the main catalyst layer in the claims, the cathode 20 corresponds to the catalyst electrode layer in the claims, and the predetermined value Th corresponds to the predetermined value in the claims.

B. Variations:
In addition, elements other than the elements claimed in the independent claims among the constituent elements in each of the above embodiments are additional elements and can be omitted as appropriate. The present invention is not limited to the above-described examples and embodiments, and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist thereof. For example, the following modifications are possible.

B1. Modification 1:
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a fuel cell 100A in the first modification. In the fuel cell 100 of the above embodiment, the quasi-catalyst layer is formed on the cathode side, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as in the fuel cell 100A shown in FIG. 4, the quasi-catalyst layer may be formed on the anode side.

  Specifically, the anode 30 includes a quasi-catalyst layer 30A provided on the electrolyte membrane 10 and a main catalyst layer 30B provided on the quasi-catalyst layer 30A. The quasi-catalyst layer 30A, like the quasi-catalyst layer 20A, has an electrolyte / carbon ratio equal to or higher than a predetermined value Th, and includes platinum-supported carbon PC, an electrolyte AO, and a peroxide decomposition catalyst HH. The quasi-catalyst layer 30A contains more peroxide decomposition catalyst HH as it proceeds from the surface side in contact with the electrolyte membrane 10 to the surface side in contact with the main catalyst layer 30B, that is, peroxide decomposition. The catalyst HH is provided (attached) so as to decrease from the surface side in contact with the main catalyst layer 30B toward the surface side in contact with the electrolyte membrane 10. In other words, in the quasi-catalyst layer 30A, the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH has a concentration distribution that increases from the surface on the electrolyte membrane 10 side toward the surface on the main catalyst layer 30B side. HH is given. The main catalyst layer 30B has the same configuration as the main catalyst layer 20B. In this way, in the semi-catalyst layer 30A, the peroxide can be decomposed in the vicinity of the main catalyst layer 30B side, which is considered to have a particularly low voltage and a rapid increase in the peroxide. As a result, the quasi-catalyst layer 30A can be prevented from being thinned, and the electrolyte membrane 10 can be prevented from being decomposed and deteriorated by the peroxide. In addition, in the semi-catalyst layer 30A, the application amount of the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH is suppressed on the side of the electrolyte membrane 10 where the increase rate of the peroxide is small, thereby suppressing the deterioration of the battery performance of the fuel cell 100A. You can also The semi-catalytic layer 30A corresponds to the semi-catalytic layer in the claims, the main catalyst layer 30B corresponds to the main catalyst layer in the claims, and the anode 30 corresponds to the catalyst electrode layer in the claims.

B2. Modification 2:
In the fuel cell 100 of the above-described embodiment, the quasi-catalyst layer is formed only on the cathode side. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and in addition to the cathode side, Alternatively, a quasi-catalyst layer may be formed. If it does in this way, in addition to the effect of the said Example, the effect of the said modification 1 can also be show | played.

B3. Modification 3:
In the fuel cell 100 of the above embodiment, the electrolyte membrane 10 is formed of a fluorine-based resin, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be formed of a hydrocarbon-based resin. In the fuel cell 100 of the above embodiment, the electrolyte in the quasi-catalyst layer 20A and the main catalyst layer 20B is a fluorine-based electrolyte. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a hydrocarbon-based electrolyte is used. An electrolyte may be used. Even if it does in this way, there can exist an effect similar to the said Example.

B4. Modification 4:
In the above embodiment, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is used as the fuel cell provided with the quasi-catalyst layer 20A. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the quasi-catalyst layer 20A is used as another type of fuel cell. You may make it provide in.

It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing schematic structure of the fuel cell 100 as one Example of this invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a cathode 20. It is a graph for comparing the cell performance of a fuel cell in which the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH is not applied to the quasi-catalyst layer and a fuel cell in which the peroxide decomposition catalyst HH is applied to the entire quasi-catalyst layer. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a fuel cell 100A according to Modification 1. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Electrolyte membrane 20 ... Cathode 20A ... Semi-catalyst layer 20B ... Main catalyst layer 30 ... Anode 30A ... Semi-catalyst layer 30B ... Main catalyst layer 50 ... Membrane electrode Assembly 100 ... Fuel cell 100A ... Fuel cell PC ... Platinum supported carbon HH ... Peroxide decomposition catalyst AO ... Electrolyte

Claims (6)

A fuel cell,
An electrolyte membrane;
A catalyst-carrying support formed on one surface of the electrolyte membrane and having a catalyst supported on the support; an electrolyte; and a peroxide-decomposing catalyst for decomposing a peroxide; the mass of the electrolyte being the mass of the support The quasi-catalyst layer having an electrolyte / support ratio divided by a value equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the catalyst-supporting support, and the electrolyte, and formed on the quasi-catalyst layer, wherein the electrolyte / support ratio is the predetermined value A catalyst electrode layer having a smaller main catalyst layer;
With
The quasi-catalyst layer is
A fuel cell comprising a larger amount of the peroxide decomposition catalyst on a surface side having a low potential than on a surface side having a high potential when an electrochemical reaction occurs. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein
The catalyst electrode layer is
The cathode,
The quasi-catalyst layer is
The peroxide decomposition catalyst is contained in a larger amount on the surface side at the low potential and on the surface side in contact with the electrolyte membrane than on the surface side at the high potential side and in contact with the main catalyst layer. A fuel cell. The fuel cell according to claim 1 or 2,
The quasi-catalyst layer is
A fuel cell comprising a large amount of the peroxide decomposition catalyst as it proceeds from the high potential surface side to the low potential surface side. The fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined value is a numerical value in a range of 1.5 to 2. The fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein
The peroxide decomposition catalyst is
A fuel cell comprising any one of the following group A, an oxide of any one of the following group A, or an alloy containing two or more of the following group A.
Group A: Pd, Ir, C, Ag, Au, Rh, Ru, Sn, Si, Ti, Zr, Al, Hf, Ce The fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The peroxide decomposition catalyst is
A fuel cell comprising any one of WO ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , CePO ₄ , CrPO ₄ , AlPO ₄ , FePO ₄ , CeF ₃ , Fe-porphine, Co-porphine, heme, and catalase.

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