JP2009230872A - Light filter and luminaire - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a light filter and a luminaire for preventing incoming of flying insects and hardly affecting color tones. <P>SOLUTION: The light filter 10 and the luminaire 20 are configured such that in light rays emitted from a light source, light of a wavelength ranging from about 300 nm to about 380 nm is shut off almost 100%, the transmittance of light of a wavelength of about 395 nm is set to a value ranging from about 20% to about 50% or less, the transmittance of light of a wavelength ranging from about 400 nm to about 410 nm is set to a value ranging from about 30% to about 60% or less and set higher than that of the about 395 nm wavelength light and the transmittance of light of a wavelength of about 420 mn is set to about 40% or more and set higher than that of the light of the wavelength ranging from about 400 nm to about 410 nm. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an optical filter and a lighting fixture that prevent insects from flying.

Conventionally, as an optical filter and lighting fixture for preventing insects from flying in this species, light with a wavelength of about 300 nm to about 395 nm is cut by about 100%, and the transmittance of light with a wavelength of about 405 nm is about 50% or less. An optical filter made of a translucent material whose cut rate and transmittance are adjusted so that the average transmittance of light having a wavelength of about 450 nm or more is about 50% or more, and the optical filter is arranged in the irradiation direction of the light source A lighting fixture has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent No. 4023329

  On the other hand, the short wavelength end of visible light is generally about 380 nm to about 400 nm, and as shown in Patent Document 1, approximately 100% of light up to a wavelength of about 395 nm is cut and the wavelength is about 405 nm. When the light transmittance is about 50% or less, the cut rate and the transmittance are adjusted over part of the short wavelength side of visible light.

  In particular, cutting almost 100% of light up to about 395 nm including a part of the short wavelength side of visible light affects the visible light portion of the light source. This is because, for example, in the shade of a residential ceiling light, the bluish daylight color or whited white color that is the purpose of fluorescent lamps is difficult to appear, and the light bulb color is more reddish. The appearance color will be affected.

  For this reason, in this kind of optical filter and lighting fixture for preventing insects from flying, it is important how to prevent insects from flying without affecting the appearance color tone without much complicated treatment. It has become a challenge.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and cuts almost 100% of the light emitted from the light source, adjusts the light transmittance in accordance with the insect's visibility curve in the visible light region, and It is intended to provide an optical filter and a luminaire that are difficult to affect the color tone and that do not easily affect the color tone.

  The optical filter according to the first aspect of the present invention cuts approximately 100% of light having a wavelength of about 300 nm to about 380 nm out of the light emitted from the light source, and has a transmittance of light having a wavelength of about 395 nm of about 20% to about 50%. The transmittance of light with a wavelength of about 400 nm to about 410 nm is about 30% to about 60% or less and higher than the transmittance of light with a wavelength of about 395 nm, and the transmittance of light with a wavelength of about 420 nm is about 40%. As described above, the transmittance of light having a wavelength of about 400 nm to about 410 nm is made higher.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent insects from flying by cutting almost 100% of ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of about 300 nm to about 380 nm out of the light rays emitted from the light source. In the short-wavelength region of visible light, the light transmittance is adjusted while preventing insects from flying by sequentially increasing the light transmittance with respect to the wavelength as the insect's visibility curve with respect to the wavelength decreases. Thus, the influence on the color tone can be suppressed as much as possible. By increasing the light transmittance in the wavelength region that becomes the valley of the insect's visibility curve, visible light is effectively used in the wavelength region where the insect's flying prevention effect is low, making it less likely to affect the color tone. can do.

  In the present invention, the optical filter is formed into a plate shape from a translucent material such as milky white, for example, and the material is a synthetic resin such as acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, polystyrene resin, polyethylene resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin, etc. What added the ultraviolet absorber etc. to resin is accept | permitted. Furthermore, what added the ultraviolet absorber etc. to the glass which has translucency, such as soda-lime glass, may be used.

  Further, the globes and shades of various lighting fixtures may be formed by vacuum molding, pressure molding, injection blow molding, or the like of a resin of the above materials, or by molding glass. In addition, these shades and the like may be formed in a film shape and covered with the shades and the like. Furthermore, the optical filter may have a single layer structure or a plurality of layers.

  The light having a wavelength of about 300 nm to about 380 nm is not strictly limited to the wavelength of 300 nm or 380 nm, and may include a wavelength of about 300 nm or 380 nm within a design acceptable range. In addition, although light of about 300 nm to about 380 nm is cut by about 100%, a cut rate of about 100% within the allowable range for design is allowed.

  An invention of a lighting fixture according to claim 2 comprises: a fixture body; a shade having the optical filter according to claim 1; a discharge lamp having a specific energy peak at a wavelength of at least about 405 nm in the spectral distribution. The shade is arranged opposite to the irradiation direction of the discharge lamp.

  The lighting fixtures are not limited to residential use, such as residential ceiling lights, and all indoor and outdoor lighting fixtures such as offices and business facilities are allowed.

  As a discharge lamp having a specific energy peak at a wavelength of at least about 405 nm in the spectral distribution, a three-wavelength daylight color, a daylight color, a white color, a white color, a warm white color, a light bulb color, etc., a fluorescent lamp, and an HID lamp are allowed. .

  For example, in a residential ceiling light, a milky white dome-shaped shade is placed opposite to the lower surface of an annular fluorescent lamp serving as a light source in a residential ceiling light. A covering configuration is allowed.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the lighting fixture according to claim 2, wherein the shade has a plate thickness of a side wall portion which is a side attached to the fixture main body with respect to a plate thickness of the bottom portion facing the fixture main body. It is characterized by being formed to be thin.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, approximately 100% of light having a wavelength of about 300 nm to about 380 nm is cut out of the light emitted from the light source, and the transmittance of light having a wavelength of about 395 nm is about 20% to about 50% or less. The transmittance of light with a wavelength of about 400 nm to about 410 nm is about 30% to about 60% or less, higher than the transmittance of light with a wavelength of about 395 nm, and the transmittance of light with a wavelength of about 420 nm is about 40% or more. In addition, since the transmittance of light having a wavelength of about 400 nm to about 410 nm is made higher, it is possible to provide an optical filter that prevents insects from flying and hardly affects the color tone.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide an illuminating device having a shade that prevents insects from flying and hardly affects the color tone.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a lighting apparatus that can prevent insects from flying and can suppress variations in brightness and color unevenness due to variations in the thickness of the shade.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of an optical filter and a lighting fixture according to the present invention will be described.

  1A and 1B show an optical filter 10 of the present embodiment and a lighting fixture 20 using the optical filter. The optical filter 10 has a translucent milky white translucent synthetic resin, the present In the embodiment, it is made of an acrylic resin plate material, and an ultraviolet absorbent or the like is added to the resin material.

  The light transmittance of the optical filter 10 has the characteristics shown in the graphs of FIGS. That is, approximately 100% of the light emitted from the light source is cut to about 380 nm, and in the short wavelength side region of visible light, the light transmittance with respect to the wavelength is reduced in accordance with the decrease in the insect visibility curve x with respect to the wavelength. Are sequentially increased, and the light cut rate and transmittance are adjusted so as to increase the light transmittance in the wavelength region that becomes the valley of the insect visibility curve x.

  Specifically, about 100% of ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of about 300 nm to about 380 nm are cut out of the light emitted from the light source.

  As shown in curve a, the transmittance of light having a wavelength of about 395 nm in the short wavelength side region of visible light is increased in accordance with the decrease in the insect visibility curve x with respect to the wavelength. The level is gradually increased to about 20% to about 50% or less, preferably 20% to 30%, and about 30% in this embodiment. Since light having a wavelength of about 395 nm is a region where the visibility of insects is still relatively high, the light transmittance is 20% to 30% in order to prevent the insects from attracting while having the effect of slightly improving the appearance color tone. % Is preferable.

  The transmittance of light with a wavelength of about 400 nm to about 410 nm in the short-wavelength side region of visible light is matched to the decrease in the insect visibility curve x with respect to the wavelength, and the light transmittance with respect to the wavelength is sequentially It is set to be higher than the transmittance of light having a wavelength of about 395 nm so as to increase continuously by about 30% to about 60% or less, and in this embodiment, about 40% to about 50%. Here, it is preferable that the transmittance of light having a wavelength of about 405 nm among wavelengths of about 400 nm to about 410 nm is between 40% and 50%. This is a region where light with a wavelength of about 405 nm is generally in the range where the peak wavelength of a fluorescent lamp is reached, so this region is often used, but the visibility of insects (albeit at a low level) exists. Therefore, by making the transmittance of light having a wavelength of about 405 nm between 40% and 50%, an appearance color tone improving effect can be effectively obtained together with a low worming effect.

  Furthermore, the transmittance of light having a wavelength of about 420 nm, which becomes the valley of the insect visibility curve x, is about 40% or more, preferably 50% or more, and in this embodiment, about 50%, and the wavelength is about 410 nm to about 420 nm. It is set to be higher than the transmittance of light having a wavelength of about 400 nm to about 410 nm so as to increase successively and continuously. Since light with a wavelength of about 420 nm has a relatively low visibility of insects, there is almost no attracting insects even with a transmittance of 50% or more. Therefore, the transmittance is improved with an emphasis on the effect of improving the appearance color tone. .

  2A is a graph showing a curve a indicating the spectral transmittance of light with respect to the wavelength in the optical filter 10 and an insect visibility curve x based on the stimulating effect on the insect by the wavelength. The insect visibility curve x represents the visibility at each wavelength when the visibility at a wavelength of about 365 nm is taken as 100. Curve b shows the spectral transmittance of light in the optical filter of Patent Document 1. FIG. 2B is a graph showing an enlarged portion of a wavelength of 360 nm to 430 nm in FIG.

  The lighting fixture 20 is a residential ceiling light. As shown in FIG. 1B, the lighting fixture 20 includes a discharge lamp as a light source, a fixture main body 23 having a fluorescent lamp 21 and a lighting device 22 in this embodiment, and a shade. 24. The fluorescent lamp 21 is composed of two annular fluorescent lamps having different diameters, and is disposed concentrically at the center of the lower surface of the disk-shaped instrument body 23, and the lighting device 22 is placed on the upper surface of the instrument body 23. The annular fluorescent lamp is installed so as to be positioned at a substantially central portion of the circle. The lower surface of the instrument body is configured to be painted white and serve as a reflector.

  The seed 24 is formed by pressure forming the plate-shaped optical filter 10 made of the resin material as described above to form an integral dome-shaped glove, and the instrument body 23 is inserted into the opening 24a of the dome. By covering from the lower side of the instrument body, it is attached so as to surround the entire lower surface of the instrument body so as to cover the fluorescent lamp 21 and the reflection plate. The shade 24 is detachably attached to the outer edge portion of the instrument body 23 by means such as a known uneven engagement means or mounting bracket.

  Thereby, the fluorescent lamp 21 installed in the instrument main body 23 is covered with the shade 24, and the shade 24 constituted by the optical filter 10 is opposed to the irradiation direction of the light beam emitted from the fluorescent lamp 21 toward the lower side and the side. Be placed.

  In addition, the fluorescent lamp 21 in this embodiment is composed of a three-wavelength daylight-colored annular fluorescent lamp, and has a spectral distribution shown in FIG. FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the spectral distribution c of the annular fluorescent lamp 21 and the insect sensitivity curve x based on the stimulating effect on the insects according to the wavelength. The insect sensitivity curve x is a vision at a wavelength of about 365 nm. The visual sensitivity at each wavelength when the sensitivity is 100 is shown.

  The ceiling light configured as described above is mechanically simultaneously connected to a power source by engaging an adapter with a hook ceiling provided on a fixture mounting surface T such as a ceiling, and engaging the adapter with the fixture body. It is supported and installed (FIG. 1 (b)).

  When the ceiling light installed above is turned on, insects are prevented from flying in the following manner, and illumination that makes it difficult to affect the color tone of the fluorescent lamp is performed. That is, a light beam directed directly downward and laterally emitted from the fluorescent lamp 21 as a light source and a light beam reflected by the reflector of the instrument body and directed downward and laterally are transmitted through and irradiated from the inner surface side of the shade 24 to the outer surface side, Illuminate the entire room with approximately uniform brightness.

  At this time, as indicated by a curve a in the graphs of FIGS. 2A and 2B, the shade 24 which is the optical filter 10 cuts about 100% of ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of about 300 nm to about 380 nm. This cuts out the ultraviolet rays that attract the insects and prevents the insects from flying.

  The light having a wavelength of about 395 nm in the short wavelength region of the visible light emitted from the fluorescent lamp 21 is light-transmitted with respect to the wavelength as shown by the curve a by the shade 24 in accordance with the decrease in the insect visibility curve x with respect to the wavelength. Is adjusted to be about 30%, while cutting the light rays with a wavelength close to ultraviolet rays due to the attraction of insects, increasing the light in the visible light portion and preventing insects from flying, It will not affect the shade color when it is lit.

  Further, the light having a wavelength of about 400 nm to about 410 nm is caused by the shade 24 so that the transmittance of light with respect to the wavelength is about 40% to about 50% as shown by the curve a in accordance with the decrease in the insect visibility curve x with respect to the wavelength. When the fluorescent lamp is turned on while preventing the flying of insects by further increasing the light of the visible light part while cutting the light part of the wavelength close to the ultraviolet light caused by the insect's attraction. It will not affect the shade of the shade as much as possible.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, the three-wavelength daylight fluorescent lamp 21 emits a so-called daylight color so that the spectral distribution has a specific energy peak (%) also in the vicinity of the wavelength of about 405 nm. Since the transmittance of the light of the shade 24 in the light beam of 400 nm to about 410 nm is set to about 40% to about 50%, the wavelength around about 405 nm constituting the specific energy peak is transmitted without being cut as much as possible. Thereby, even if the irradiation light from the three-wavelength daylight fluorescent lamp 21 is daylight, the shade of the shade surface does not become strongly yellowish, and it becomes easy to improve the appearance color of the shade when the lamp is turned on.

  Incidentally, in the optical filter shown in Patent Document 1, as shown by a curve b in FIG. 2B, the transmittance of light having a wavelength of about 405 nm constituting a specific energy peak is 1 to 2 of 50% or less. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, it is necessary to increase the amount of the dye or pigment to be mixed or to be mixed, resulting in a cost problem.

  Further, in the present embodiment, light having a wavelength of about 380 nm to about 400 nm, which is a short wavelength side region of visible light, is transmitted without being cut as much as possible, so that, for example, a milky white optical filter is prevented from being yellowish. Further, the appearance color tone of the shade when the lighting fixture is turned off and not in use is easily improved.

  Further, the light beam having a wavelength of about 420 nm emitted from the fluorescent lamp 21 is adjusted by the shade 24 so that the transmittance is about 50% as shown by the curve a, and the insect visibility is low and the insect flying prevention effect is low. A lot of visible light is transmitted in the wavelength region. Thereby, the influence on the color tone of the fluorescent lamp is further prevented, and the brightness can be secured.

  Further, normally, the light transmittance design is a value in a plate-like state before forming the shade, but when the shade is subjected to pressure forming, vacuum forming, injection blow forming, etc., FIG. As shown, the plate thickness of the side wall portion 24b becomes relatively thin. As a result, the light transmittance of the thinned portion is higher than the initial design value, so that the wavelength shifts to the shorter wavelength side than the design value.

  For this reason, as shown in Patent Document 1, what cuts the wavelength portion of the wavelength of 300 nm to 395 nm 100%, that is, what adjusts the cut rate and the transmittance over a part of the short wavelength side of visible light. , Including a visible light portion having a wavelength longer than 380 nm. For this reason, when the cut region bordering on the wavelength of 395 nm is somewhat shifted due to manufacturing variations of the optical filter and the visible light portion is increased or decreased, brightness fluctuations and color unevenness in the thin side wall portion 24b. May occur and may affect the appearance.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, since the wavelength of 300 nm to 380 nm (invisible ultraviolet rays) that does not include the visible light region is cut, the wavelength cut region is slightly shifted in the thin sidewall portion 24b. There is no fluctuation in brightness or uneven color, and there is no risk of affecting the appearance. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion A in FIG.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, light having a wavelength of about 300 nm to about 380 nm is cut by about 100% of the light emitted from the fluorescent lamp 21 as the light source, so that insects can be prevented from flying. At the same time, since the wavelengths (ultraviolet rays) having a wavelength of 300 nm to 380 nm not including the visible light region are cut, even if the wavelength cut region is slightly shifted in the thin side wall portion 24b, brightness variation and color unevenness appear. There is no risk of affecting the appearance. Due to this problem, it is not necessary to perform complicated processing such as adding or increasing the amount of dyes or pigments to be mixed, and it is possible to provide a lighting apparatus that is advantageous in terms of cost.

  In the short wavelength region of visible light, the transmittance of light with a wavelength of about 395 nm is about 20% to about 50% or less, and the transmittance of light with a wavelength of about 400 nm to about 410 nm is about 30% to about 60% or less. Therefore, while preventing insects from flying, the light transmittance can be adjusted so as not to affect the color tone. In particular, since the wavelength of about 405 nm is transmitted without being cut as much as possible, the appearance color tone of the shade when the lamp is lit can be easily improved.

 In addition, since light having a wavelength of about 380 nm to about 400 nm, which is a short wavelength side region of visible light, is transmitted without being cut as much as possible, it is easy to improve the appearance color of the shade when the lighting fixture is turned off and not in use.

  Since the transmittance of light with a wavelength of about 420 nm is about 40% or higher and higher than the transmittance of light with a wavelength of about 400 nm to about 410 nm in the wavelength region that becomes the valley of the visibility curve of insects, it is visible It is possible to effectively use light and prevent further influence on the color tone.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the optical filter 10 is configured as a plate material obtained by adding an ultraviolet absorber or the like to an acrylic resin, and a shade is formed by pressure forming. However, as shown in FIG. The optical filter 10 ′ may be constituted by a film-like resin to which etc. are added and covered with the shade 24 ′. Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, the shade 24 is composed of a resin to which an ultraviolet absorber or the like is added, and an optical filter 10 ′ made of a film-like resin to which the ultraviolet absorber or the like is added is used as the shade 24. The optical filter may be configured to have two layers.

  In this case, as the optical filter 10 ′ made of a film-like resin, films having various performances with different addition amounts of ultraviolet absorbers, dyes, pigments, and the like are prepared, and this is selected to select a plurality of layers such as two layers and three layers. By using this layer, the light cut rate and transmittance may be adjusted.

  Furthermore, the optical filter is configured as an organic solvent-based coating agent mixed with an ultraviolet absorber, etc., and is coated on a glove or shade made of translucent resin or glass, thereby cutting the light cut rate and transmittance. May be adjusted. Moreover, you may make it adjust the light cut rate and the transmittance | permeability by combining the board | plate material which added the ultraviolet absorber etc. to the resin mentioned above, a film, and a coating agent, respectively.

  Furthermore, an optical filter made of a film or a coating agent may be coated on the surface of the fluorescent lamp or may be coated to adjust the light cut rate or transmittance of the fluorescent lamp itself. Further, the light cut rate and transmittance may be adjusted by both the fluorescent lamp provided with the optical filter and the shade provided with the optical filter.

  The light source of the lighting fixture 20 is composed of the three-wavelength annular fluorescent lamp 21, but may be composed of other fluorescent lamps such as a straight tube type and a bulb-type fluorescent lamp, and further, other than the fluorescent lamp such as an HID lamp. It may be a discharge lamp. In addition, the lighting fixtures are configured as pendant type ceiling lights, but even if the ceiling-mounted ceiling light is configured, it is not limited to housing, etc., and various lighting fixtures such as offices and facilities are used. In addition, outdoor lighting fixtures such as garden lamps and crime prevention lamps using a fluorescent lamp or a mercury lamp as a light source are not limited to indoor lighting fixtures.

  Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The optical filter and lighting fixture which concern on 1st embodiment of this invention are shown, (a) is sectional drawing of an optical filter, (b) is sectional drawing of the ceiling light which is a lighting fixture. The graph which similarly shows the characteristic of an optical filter, (a) is the graph which showed the spectral transmittance of the light with respect to a wavelength, and the visibility of the insect according to a wavelength, (b) is a graph which expands and shows a part of (a) . Similarly, a graph showing the spectral distribution of a three-wavelength annular fluorescent lamp and the insect's visibility by wavelength. Sectional drawing which similarly shows the shade of a lighting fixture and expands the A section of FIG.1 (b). The modification of an optical filter is similarly shown, (a) is sectional drawing which shows a 1st modification, (b) is sectional drawing which shows a 2nd modification.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Optical filter 20 Lighting fixture 21 Discharge lamp 23 Appliance main body 24 Sade

Claims (3)

Of the light emitted from the light source, approximately 100% of light having a wavelength of about 300 nm to about 380 nm is cut, the transmittance of light having a wavelength of about 395 nm is made about 20% to about 50% or less, and light having a wavelength of about 400 nm to about 410 nm is cut. Light having a transmittance of about 30% to about 60% or less and higher than that of light having a wavelength of about 395 nm, light having a wavelength of about 420 nm being about 40% or more, and light having a wavelength of about 400 nm to about 410 nm An optical filter characterized by having a higher transmittance than the above. An instrument body;
A shade having the optical filter of claim 1;
A discharge lamp having a specific energy peak at least in the vicinity of a wavelength of about 405 nm in the spectral distribution;
And a shade is arranged facing the irradiation direction of the discharge lamp. The said shade is formed so that the plate | board thickness of the side wall part which is a side attached to an instrument main body may become thin with respect to the plate | board thickness of the bottom face part facing an instrument main body. lighting equipment.

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