JP2009217184A - Back light device and display using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a display can achieve high efficiency of light use. <P>SOLUTION: Since the orientation of liquid crystals forming pixel parts 12, 14 of a light transmission and scattering type liquid crystal panel 7 is parallel with polarized axis of light 21 from a light source of polarized light from the first direction and a grating thinner than a wavelength of the light 21 is formed on a surface of a thin membrane-like electrode 1, the light 21 is reflected between rear surfaces of the thin membrane-like electrode 1 and the liquid crystal panel 7 and is reflected in an inclined part 1a of the thin membrane-like electrode 1, and the orientation of liquid crystals forming a pixel part 13 in a region where the inclined part 1a of the liquid crystal panel 7 is formed becomes transmissive for the light in the direction of normal line on a substrate surface, and the reflected light passes through the pixel part 13. By adjusting a position of the inclined part 1a, the display controls the liquid crystal panel 7 to allow radiation of radiating light 16 and set a position of the display pixel part 13 to a position of radiating light 16 in synchronization. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a backlight device suitable for a display device, and in particular, an illumination light source system capable of modulating luminance by an input video signal, and its color output light such as R, G, B, etc. constitute a predetermined horizontal scanning line. The present invention relates to a backlight device for illuminating an LCD display device or the like by outputting and irradiating pixels to be illuminated and performing line sequential scanning or the like.

In recent years, LCD displays have been actively used in various display devices. In a large-screen LCD display device, as the backlight, for example, about several tens of ultra-fine fluorescent tubes having a diameter of about 2 to 3 mm, or several thousands of LEDs are arranged. Hereinafter, a backlight device of such a display device will be described.
(1) The principle of a backlight device using a fluorescent tube is based on a physicochemical phenomenon in which ultraviolet rays generated by a high-pressure pulse discharge of about 20 kV collide with a phosphor in the tube and are converted into white visible light. The backlight light source is always on. In particular, in black display, light leaks to the LCD, which contributes to a decrease in contrast. In addition, in order to prevent a decrease in contrast, there is a device such as adjusting the brightness of the fluorescent tube for each region on the screen, which has been put into practical use.
(2) The principle of LED back lighting is to combine white LED light and generate white light. In addition to the always-on type, LED lighting control has been put into practical use as a countermeasure against horizontal tailing of fast-moving images. Has been. In either case, the brightness of each LED element is constantly monitored, and stable color temperature and surface unevenness management / adjustment are performed. However, this management / adjustment is an extremely important issue. It is well known.
(3) As a technique using a method of bending the light emitting direction by 90 degrees with respect to the incident direction using an optical switch function unit, for example, there is a technique described in Patent Document 2 below.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the optical switch function unit of Patent Document 2 includes a light beam direction changing member 201 in the optical path. The light beam direction changing member 201 is made of a metal material, a polymer material, an inorganic material, or the like. A bendable film or thin film that is a conductive material can be used. As the light direction changing member 201, for example, there is a member that uses a thin film of TiNi and has a thickness of 4 μm. At least one surface of the thin film is used as a mirror surface to form a reflecting portion. The thin film of TiNi alloy has corrosion resistance, is soft, and has superelasticity that is difficult to undergo plastic deformation. Since the thin film of TiNi alloy functions as a shape memory alloy, it can memorize the curved state and can maintain the previous state even during a power failure.

  On the other hand, the attracting portions 204 (3, 4) and 205 (5, 6) can attract the light beam direction changing member 201 described above. For example, two attracting portions 204 (3, 4) and 205 (5, 6) are arranged to face each other and defined between the two attracting portions 204 (3, 4) and 205 (5, 6). The light beam direction changing member 201 is disposed in the space. The attracting portions 204 (3, 4) and 205 (5, 6) include attracting means (actuators: 3 to 6) for attracting the light beam direction changing member 201.

  The attracting means 3 to 6 may be any means that can attract the light beam direction changing member 201, and can be attracted using means such as an electric field, a magnetic field, and air. When the attracting means 3 to 6 use an electric field, a large number of electrodes D are arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction of the light beam direction changing member 201 in each pair of attracting portions 204 and 205.

  For example, a large number of parallel electrodes D are arranged along the direction of incident light. Depending on the density related to the number of electrodes D, the minimum moving distance of the curved portion (tilted portion) of the light beam direction changing member 201 is determined. By applying a voltage, for example, 500 V (an example in which the thin film of the TiNi alloy is used and the distance between the attracting portions is 1 mm) to the electrode D and grounding the light beam direction changing member 201, the light beam direction changing member 201 is statically applied. An electric attractive force is generated, and the light beam direction changing member 201 can be electrically attracted to the electrode D. When the electrode D is used, a non-contact layer (insulating layer) 9 is disposed between the electrode D and the light direction changing member 201 in order to insulate between the electrode D and the light direction changing member 201. Further, even when direct contact between the suction means 3 to 6 and the light beam direction changing member 201 is not preferable, it is preferable to dispose a non-contact layer therebetween. When air is used for suction, if a suction device for sucking the light beam direction changing member 201 is arranged in the attracting portions 204 and 205, the light beam direction changing member 201 is sucked into the attracting portions 204 and 205. be able to.

  In addition, when using a magnetic field, you may use the method of attaching a magnet or another magnetic body to at least one of the beam direction change member 201 or the attracting parts 204 and 205, for example. In that case, it is preferable to arrange a device for generating electromagnetic induction in order to attract or separate magnets or other magnetic materials. A device for generating electromagnetic induction is preferably attached to the attracting portions 204 and 205, for example, but may be attached to the light beam direction changing member 201 or both of the attracting portions 204 and 205 as necessary. . When a magnet is attached to at least one and a magnet or other magnetic body is attached to the other, a self-holding function can be provided, and for example, the previous state can be held without applying external energy such as energization. If the self-holding function is unnecessary, a magnetic body other than a magnet may be attached to one side and a device that generates electromagnetic induction may be attached to the other side.

  The attracting portions 204 and 205 form a transmissive portion that allows light to pass through where the light passes. For the transmission part, for example, a transparent member such as ITO or glass can be used, and a space through which light can pass can be provided to the attracting parts 204 and 205. Thereby, light can be emitted from a desired location.

  Further, the display device described in Patent Document 1 is configured as follows. That is, in the display device, the light transmission / scattering panel includes a front substrate, a rear substrate disposed opposite to the front substrate, and a sealing material provided between the front substrate and the rear substrate. Light transmission / scattering type LCD panel that contains light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal in a defined space, an opening that penetrates the encapsulant, and the number of horizontal pixels at a position where signal light can enter the opening And a large number of signal light sources arranged in a single line. The liquid crystal element that can switch polarized light from these signal light sources to transmit, scatter, and reflect light by an applied voltage can be efficiently displayed on a pixel.

JP 2007-183559 A JP 2004-240308 A

  FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a conventional LCD backlight device, in which a brightness enhancement film and a diffusion plate (not shown) are arranged on a fluorescent tube unit with a reflector as shown in FIG. Is common. An LCD panel including a large number of pixels with a built-in color filter on which a polarizing plate is bonded is disposed. The light from the fluorescent tube passes through the above structure, and is modulated in luminance by the video signal intensity input to the LCD, and is output from the LCD panel surface.

  According to this structure, the backlight is always lit even when the video signal is at the black level, and this causes a reduction in display contrast due to light leakage from the LCD panel. This is well known.

  Also, it is well known that an afterimage phenomenon called horizontal tailing appears due to insufficient response of the LCD for a fast moving image.

  Further, it is also known that the backlight light incident on the LCD is scattered light, so that it hardly reflects through and is reflected / stray light on the way, and the total light efficiency is as low as about 3 to 4%.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient backlight device that improves contrast performance, facilitates brightness control even for fast moving images.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a backlight function for two LCD panels.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a first substrate, a second substrate that is spaced apart from the first substrate by a certain distance, and the first substrate and the second substrate And a light guide mechanism provided in a space formed between them, and a backlight device that emits irradiation light for display by pixels arranged in a matrix on a two-dimensional plane of the substrate. The first substrate includes a light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel provided on the opposite side of the second substrate, and a transparent first plurality of transparent electrodes arranged on the second substrate side and arranged in the pixel column direction. An electrode and a first insulator film provided on the second substrate side of the electrode, and the second substrate is provided on the first substrate side and arranged in the pixel column direction. A plurality of second electrodes that form an electrode pair with the first plurality of electrodes, and the second plurality of electrodes. And a second insulator film provided on the first substrate side, and
The light guide mechanism is a thin film electrode disposed between insulator films provided on the first substrate and the second substrate, and is provided on each of the first substrate and the second substrate. First extending in the same direction as the plurality of first and second electrodes provided and in surface contact with the first insulator film surface by a voltage applied to the first and second electrodes. And an inclined surface inclined with respect to the substrate surface between the first region and the second region, and a second region in surface contact with the second insulator film surface, A plurality of first diffraction gratings are provided on the surface of the first substrate to have a strip-like thin film electrode having a light reflection function, and are arranged on the first substrate based on an input video signal By turning on and off the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel, the position of the transmissive pixel is aligned in the column direction. A first voltage control mechanism that can move the first electrode, and a voltage applied to the first plurality of electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes to move the inclined portion of the thin film electrode in the column direction. A second voltage control mechanism capable of being arranged between the insulator films disposed on the first substrate and the second substrate serving as the light guide mechanism in a position for introducing polarized light in the column direction. A light source system including a light source that introduces light in a first direction; a polarized pixel light from the light source; a transmission pixel region of the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel by the first voltage control mechanism; And a synchronization control unit that synchronizes the timing of voltage application between the first voltage control mechanism and the second voltage control mechanism so that the regions are formed at the same position. A backlight device is provided.

  According to this configuration, in the process of guiding the incident light on the second substrate surface on the incident side with respect to the inclined surface, the first diffraction grating causes the light reflected on the inclined surface to be zero-order reflected. By using the 0th order reflection, the utilization efficiency in the light introduction process can be increased.

  Further, in a space formed between the first substrate, the second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate by a certain distance, and the first substrate and the second substrate. A backlight device that emits irradiation light for display by pixels arranged in a matrix on a two-dimensional plane of the substrate, wherein the first substrate includes the first substrate A light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel provided on the opposite side of the second substrate, a plurality of transparent first electrodes provided on the second substrate side and arranged side by side in the pixel column direction, and the electrodes A first insulator film provided on a second substrate side, and the second substrate is provided on the first substrate side and is arranged side by side in a pixel column direction. A plurality of second electrodes forming electrode pairs with the plurality of electrodes; and the first substrate of the second plurality of electrodes. The light guide mechanism is a thin film electrode disposed between the first substrate and the insulator film provided on the second substrate. Extending in the same direction as the first and second electrodes provided on the first substrate and the second substrate, respectively, and applied to the first and second electrodes. A first region in surface contact with the first insulator film surface by a voltage; a second region in surface contact with the second insulator film surface; and the first region and the second region. And a strip-shaped thin-film electrode having a light reflecting function by having an inclined surface that is inclined with respect to the substrate surface therebetween, and the light transmission disposed on the first substrate based on an input video signal The orientation of the liquid crystal is controlled by the position by turning on and off the scattering type liquid crystal panel, and the position of the transmissive pixel in the column direction. And a position where the second diffraction grating is formed, a voltage is applied to the first plurality of electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes, and the thin film electrode A second voltage control mechanism capable of moving the inclined portion in the column direction, and the column direction between insulator films disposed on the first substrate and the second substrate as the light guide mechanism. And a light source system including a light source that is disposed at a position where polarized light is introduced and that introduces light in a first direction, and the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel that transmits polarized light from the light source by the first voltage control mechanism Of the first voltage control mechanism and the second voltage control mechanism are synchronized so that the transmission region and the region forming the inclined portion are formed at the same position. And a back comprising the control unit A light device is provided. The second diffraction grating allows zero-order reflection in the process of guiding incident light on the first substrate surface closer to the incident side than the inclined surface, thereby increasing the utilization efficiency in the light introduction process.

  Further, in a space formed between the first substrate, the second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate by a certain distance, and the first substrate and the second substrate. A backlight device that emits irradiation light for display by pixels arranged in a matrix on a two-dimensional plane of the substrate, wherein the first substrate includes the first substrate A light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel provided on the opposite side of the second substrate, a plurality of transparent first electrodes provided on the second substrate side and arranged side by side in the pixel column direction, and the electrodes A first insulator film provided on a second substrate side, and the second substrate is provided on the first substrate side and is arranged side by side in a pixel column direction. A plurality of second electrodes forming electrode pairs with the plurality of electrodes; and the first substrate of the second plurality of electrodes. The light guide mechanism is a thin film electrode disposed between the first substrate and the insulator film provided on the second substrate. Extending in the same direction as the first and second electrodes provided on the first substrate and the second substrate, respectively, and applied to the first and second electrodes. A first region in surface contact with the first insulator film surface by a voltage; a second region in surface contact with the second insulator film surface; and the first region and the second region. A strip-shaped thin-film electrode having a light reflecting function by providing a plurality of first diffraction gratings on the surface on the first substrate side. The light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel disposed on the first substrate is turned on / off based on an input video signal. The first voltage control mechanism capable of controlling the orientation of the liquid crystal according to the position and moving the position of the transmissive pixel and the position where the second diffraction grating is formed in the column direction, the first plurality of electrodes, A second voltage control mechanism capable of applying a voltage to a plurality of second electrodes to move the inclined portion of the thin film electrode in a column direction; the first substrate as the light guide mechanism; A light source system including a light source disposed in a position for introducing polarized light between the insulator films disposed on the second substrate in the column direction and introducing light in the first direction; and polarized light from the light source And the first voltage control mechanism so that the transmission region of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel by the first voltage control mechanism and the region forming the inclined portion are formed at the same position. Voltage application timing with the second voltage control mechanism There is provided a backlight device comprising a synchronization control unit for synchronizing the synchronization.

  The first diffraction grating and the second diffraction grating can increase the light use efficiency in the light guiding process and during reflection.

  The first voltage control mechanism is configured to obtain a plurality of electro-optical characteristics in each of a plurality of stripe-shaped liquid crystal layers defined by the thin film electrode and the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal substrate. On / off control of the voltage applied to the electrode. The light transmission / scattering liquid crystal material is controlled by turning on / off a voltage between electrodes in the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal substrate by controlling a polarization direction of light introduced from the light source system in the first direction. The light is emitted from a predetermined pixel based on the scattering. The second voltage control mechanism drives the thin film electrode, controls the direction of polarized light introduced from the light source system in the first direction, and inputs it to the pixel of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal.

  When the output light of the light source system is s-polarized light, the polarization axis of the output light and the polarization axis of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal are in a position perpendicular to the incident surface, and the output light is the liquid crystal The light from the light source propagates between the first substrate and the second substrate by being arranged so as to be parallel to the long axis of the first substrate. When the output light of the light source system is p-polarized light, the polarization axis of the output light and the polarization axis of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal are in a position parallel to the incident surface, and the output light is the length of the liquid crystal. By arranging so as to be parallel to the axis or to be reflected at a predetermined angle, the light from the light source propagates between the first substrate and the second substrate. Reflecting at a predetermined angle is preferably such that the angle formed with the substrate is smaller than the critical angle for total reflection, but some transmission is acceptable.

  By the respective applied voltages through the respective insulator films between the first plurality of electrodes and the second plurality of electrodes disposed on the thin film electrode and the first substrate and the second substrate, The position of the inclined portion of the thin film electrode is changed by tilting the thin film electrode at a predetermined angle and changing the position where the voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes. Can be adjusted. The light source has a mechanism for converting the light flux of the light source into a rectangular shape and a flat shape and unipolarizing into p-polarized light or s-polarized light.

  The present invention synchronizes the driving of the backlight device, a display panel disposed above the first substrate side of the backlight device and having a shutter function for each pixel, and the backlight device and the display panel. And a control circuit that controls the display device. An apparatus provided with the display device may be used.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate by a certain distance, the first substrate, the second substrate, A light guide mechanism provided in a space formed between, and a backlight device that emits irradiation light for display by pixels arranged in a matrix on a two-dimensional plane of the substrate, The first substrate includes a light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel provided on the side opposite to the second substrate, and a transparent first plurality provided on the second substrate side and arranged in the pixel column direction. And a first insulator film provided on the second substrate side of the electrode, wherein the second substrate is provided on the opposite side of the first substrate. A scattering type liquid crystal panel and the first plurality provided on the first substrate side and arranged side by side in the pixel column direction A second plurality of electrodes forming an electrode pair with the electrode; and a second insulator film provided on the first substrate side of the second plurality of electrodes, and the light guide mechanism Is a thin film electrode disposed between insulator films provided on the first substrate and the second substrate, the electrode provided on the first substrate and the second substrate, respectively. A first region extending in the same direction as the first and second electrodes, and in surface contact with the first insulator film surface by a voltage applied to the first and second electrodes; A second region in surface contact with the two insulator film surfaces, and an inclined surface inclined with respect to the substrate surface between the first region and the second region, and the first and second regions. A plurality of first diffraction gratings are provided on both surfaces of the substrate side of the substrate, and a strip-like thin film electrode having a light reflection function is provided. First voltage control capable of moving the pixel area in the column direction by turning on and off the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panels arranged on the first and second substrates based on an image signal A second voltage control mechanism capable of applying a voltage to the first plurality of electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes to move the inclined portion of the thin film electrode in a column direction; Between the insulator films arranged on the first substrate and the second substrate, which are light guide mechanisms, arranged in a position for proceeding in the column direction and introducing polarized light, and after the first direction and the second direction A light source system including a light source that introduces light from the light source; a polarized light from the light source; a transmission region of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel by the first voltage control mechanism; and a region that forms the inclined portion And so that they are formed at the same position. There is provided a double-sided backlight device comprising: a synchronization control unit that synchronizes timing of voltage application between the first voltage control mechanism and the second voltage control mechanism.

  Further, in a space formed between the first substrate, the second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate by a certain distance, and the first substrate and the second substrate. A backlight device that emits irradiation light for display by pixels arranged in a matrix on a two-dimensional plane of the substrate, wherein the first substrate includes the first substrate A light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel provided on the opposite side of the second substrate, a plurality of transparent first electrodes provided on the second substrate side and arranged side by side in the pixel column direction, and the electrodes A first insulator film provided on a second substrate side, wherein the second substrate is a light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel provided on the opposite side of the first substrate; 1 is provided on the side of the substrate and arranged side by side in the pixel column direction to form an electrode pair with the first plurality of electrodes. And a second insulator film provided on the first substrate side of the second plurality of electrodes, and the light guide mechanism includes the first substrate. And a plurality of first and second plurality of electrodes disposed on the first substrate and the second substrate, respectively, between the first and second substrates. A first region extending in the same direction as the electrode and in surface contact with the first insulator film surface by a voltage applied to the first and second electrodes; and the second insulator film surface A band-shaped thin film electrode having a light reflecting function is provided by having a second region in surface contact and an inclined surface inclined with respect to the substrate surface between the first region and the second region. Then, based on the input video signal, the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel disposed on the first and second substrates is turned on / off. A first voltage control mechanism capable of controlling the orientation of the liquid crystal according to the position and moving the position of the transmissive pixel and the position where the second diffraction grating is formed in the column direction; and the first plurality of electrodes And a second voltage control mechanism capable of moving the inclined portion of the thin film electrode in a column direction by applying a voltage to the plurality of second electrodes, and the first substrate which is the light guide mechanism And a light source system including a light source which introduces light from the first direction and the second direction, which is arranged at a position where the polarized light is introduced in the column direction between the insulating films arranged on the second substrate The transmission region of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel by the first voltage control mechanism and the region forming the inclined portion are formed at the same position with respect to the polarized light from the light source. The first voltage control mechanism and the second voltage control mechanism And a synchronization control unit that synchronizes the timing of voltage application with the double-sided backlight device.

  Further, in a space formed between the first substrate, the second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate by a certain distance, and the first substrate and the second substrate. A backlight device that emits irradiation light for display by pixels arranged in a matrix on a two-dimensional plane of the substrate, wherein the first substrate includes the first substrate A light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel provided on the opposite side of the second substrate, a plurality of transparent first electrodes provided on the second substrate side and arranged side by side in the pixel column direction, and the electrodes A first insulator film provided on a second substrate side, wherein the second substrate is a light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel provided on the opposite side of the first substrate; 1 is provided on the side of the substrate and arranged side by side in the pixel column direction to form an electrode pair with the first plurality of electrodes. And a second insulator film provided on the first substrate side of the second plurality of electrodes, and the light guide mechanism includes the first substrate. And a plurality of first and second plurality of electrodes disposed on the first substrate and the second substrate, respectively, between the first and second substrates. A first region extending in the same direction as the electrode and in surface contact with the first insulator film surface by a voltage applied to the first and second electrodes; and the second insulator film surface A second region in surface contact, and an inclined surface inclined with respect to the substrate surface between the first region and the second region, and the first substrate side and the second substrate side And a plurality of first diffraction gratings on both sides, and a strip-like thin film electrode having a light reflecting function, and an input video signal Based on this, the orientation of the liquid crystal is controlled by the position by turning on and off the light transmission and scattering type liquid crystal panel disposed on the first and second substrates, and the position of the transmissive pixel and the second diffraction grating are formed in the column direction. A first voltage control mechanism capable of moving the position to be moved, and applying a voltage to the first plurality of electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes to move the inclined portion of the thin film electrode in the column direction The second voltage control mechanism that can be moved, and the position where the polarized light is introduced in the column direction between the first substrate and the second substrate, which are the light guide mechanism, between the insulator films A light source system including a light source that introduces light from a first direction and a second direction, and polarized light from the light source of the light scattering liquid crystal panel by the first voltage control mechanism Transmission region and region for forming the inclined portion And a synchronous control unit that synchronizes the timing of voltage application between the first voltage control mechanism and the second voltage control mechanism so that they are formed at the same position. An apparatus is provided.

  In the plurality of thin film electrodes, the plurality of thin film electrodes, and the plurality of stripe-shaped liquid crystal layers defined by the light transmission / scattering liquid crystals provided on the first substrate side and the second substrate side, respectively. A third voltage control mechanism for controlling on / off of voltages applied to the plurality of electrodes is provided so as to obtain a plurality of electro-optical characteristics in each. Further, the polarization direction of light introduced from the light source system in the first direction and the second direction is controlled, and each of the light transmission / scattering types provided on the first substrate side and the second substrate side is provided. The light is emitted from a predetermined pixel based on scattering of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal material in which a voltage between electrodes in the liquid crystal substrate is controlled by on / off. Further, the plurality of thin film electrodes are driven, the direction of polarized light introduced from the light source system in the first direction and the second direction is controlled, and the first substrate side and the second substrate side are controlled. A fourth voltage control mechanism for inputting to each pixel of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal substrate provided is provided.

  The present invention provides the backlight device, and first and second display panels that are disposed above the first substrate side and below the second substrate side of the backlight device and have a shutter function for each pixel. And a control circuit that controls driving of the backlight device and the first and second display panels in synchronization with each other. An apparatus provided with the display device may be used.

  Since the backlight device according to the present invention is extremely thin, when combined with the LCD panel, a very thin display panel having a thickness of about 2 to 3 mm can be realized.

  In addition, the backlight device according to the present invention has an advantage that two display panels can be illuminated simultaneously.

  Hereinafter, backlight devices and display devices according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The left figure of FIG. 11 is a figure which shows the diffraction efficiency of the diffraction grating (micro pitch diffraction grating) which has the dimension shown in the right figure of FIG. The horizontal axis in the left diagram of FIG. 11 is the period T (a function of the wavelength λ), and the vertical axis is the diffraction efficiency (%). As shown in FIG. 11, the diffraction efficiency of the diffraction grating having a large pitch with respect to the wavelength λ of the incident light is low, but the pitch is sufficiently small with respect to the wavelength λ of the incident light (here, a diffraction grating of about 0.2 to less than It can be seen that only the 0th order light is used, and the diffraction efficiency is almost 100%, so that light transmission without loss is possible.The inventors of this application have come up with the idea of using this principle for a display device. It was.

  Based on the examination result of FIG. 11, when the minimum input wavelength is 400 nm, the pitch of the first diffraction grating formed on the surface of the strip-shaped thin film electrode 201 arranged in the light guide mechanism as shown in FIG. It can be set to (400 nm × 0.2) or less, and it can be seen that this bitch size is a level of fineness that can be produced by the current nanotechnology technology.

  On the other hand, since the pitch of the second diffraction grating formed of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal sealed on the second substrate 205 corresponds to the pitch between liquid crystal molecules, it is about 2 nm. It becomes a lattice. Therefore, as will be described later, the incident light that has entered the light guide is propagated without loss while being repeatedly reflected in the light guide mechanism formed on the upper and lower surfaces (total reflection), and at the inclined portion of the strip-shaped thin film electrode Reflecting efficiently, display light from one surface of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal can be output efficiently.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described more specifically. First, an overall configuration example of a single-sided display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. Since the principle is the same in the case of double-sided display, description of the drawings that can be shared will be omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a backlight device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the basic configuration of the backlight device 100 according to the present embodiment is a polarized light source system 102 described in Patent Document 1, a first substrate, and a plurality of optical switch function arrays 106. A light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel 101 in which pixels defined by internal electrodes are set, a driving system 103 for the liquid crystal panel 101, an optical switch function driving system 104, and a second substrate 105. The first substrate 106 and the second substrate 105 are provided with a plurality of electrodes for driving the thin film electrode (not shown).

  Hereinafter, the backlight device according to the present embodiment will be described in more detail. FIG. 2 is a transparent perspective view of the backlight device according to the present embodiment and centering on the strip-shaped thin film electrode 111, and the arrangement direction of the thin film electrodes 111 is shown. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of the light guide mechanism according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the backlight device (partial view) includes pixel columns 112, 113, and 114 (only three columns are shown in the figure) extending along the traveling direction of incident light (115, 116, and 117). But more rows are typically provided.).

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the light guide mechanism according to the present embodiment, a light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel 7 is used as the first substrate 8. A large number of transparent driving electrodes D for driving the thin film electrode 1 are provided on the back surface side (inner surface side) of the first substrate 8, and a set of the transparent driving electrodes D is shown by regions 3 and 4. ing. Furthermore, an insulator film 9 is deposited on the inner surface side of the drive electrode D, and thus the drive electrode D is covered with the insulator film 9.

  The second substrate 11 is transparent, and a driving electrode D for driving the thin film electrode 1 is provided on the upper surface side (inner surface side), and the driving transparent electrode D is formed by the regions 5 and 6. A set of is shown. These driving transparent electrodes D are covered with an insulator film 10.

  In addition, a display panel 120 such as an LCD is disposed outside the first substrate 8. The driving circuit 150 of the display panel 120 is preferably controlled in synchronization with the driving transparent electrode D.

  Further, in the space 17 formed between the insulator film 9 on the first substrate 8 side and the insulator film 10 on the second substrate 11 side, the diffraction grating 2 is formed on the surface on the first substrate 8 side. The thin film-like electrode 1 in which is formed is disposed, and thereby, a light guide mechanism is formed.

  The function and configuration on the first substrate 8 side including the second diffraction grating will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the alignment state of light transmission / scattering liquid crystal molecules. FIG. 17 (A) shows a light transmission / scattering liquid crystal sandwiched between the upper substrate 301 and the lower substrate 303 and both substrates 301 and 303. A drop 305 and voltage applying means for applying a voltage to the electrodes formed on the inner surfaces of the upper substrate 301 and the lower substrate 303 are provided. FIG. 17B is a diagram illustrating an example of an alignment structure focusing on each liquid crystal of the liquid crystal drop 305. The liquid crystal drop 305 is composed of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 315 and is covered with a polymer film 306 having the same refractive index as the liquid crystal in the drop 305. FIG. 17C shows a region 317 in FIG. 17B picked up and shown as three liquid crystal molecules 315a to 315c. As shown in FIG. 17C, when the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the major axis direction and the illumination light is parallel to the major axis direction (311a to 311c), it is related to the polarization axis direction of the illumination light. Without liquid crystal molecules. This state is a state in which illumination light traveling in the normal direction of the substrate surface is transmitted.

  FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example in the case where the illumination light is zero-order reflection, and corresponds to FIG. As shown in FIG. 18A, side electrodes 321 are formed that are separated in the in-plane direction by a certain distance between the upper substrate 301 and the lower substrate 307, and the substrates 301 and 307 and the side electrodes 321 are formed. A liquid crystal drop 305 is filled in a space defined by. A voltage applying unit 323 capable of applying a voltage between the two side electrodes 321 is provided. FIG. 18B is a diagram illustrating a state viewed from the side electrode 321 side. As shown in FIG. 5, when the illumination light (s-polarized light) indicated by reference numeral 331a is incident on the substrate surface from an oblique direction, the illumination light 331a is zero-order reflected by the liquid crystal drop 305, and the reflected light 331b without loss is emitted. FIG. 18C is a diagram illustrating an arrangement state of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal drop. Unlike FIG. 17, in the case of FIG. 18, the major axes of the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 18D, the liquid crystal molecules 315d, 315e, and 315f have a pitch of about 0.1 nm or less (several angstroms), and the incident light 331a is reflected as it is to the 0th order to become reflected light 331b. . This state is a state in which incident light is zero-order reflected.

  FIG. 19 is a diagram related to FIG. 18, and shows how the illumination light (incident light: p-polarized light) is zero-order reflected. In this case, as shown in FIG. 19A, a plurality of planar electrodes 331 are arranged that are separated in the in-plane direction by a distance on the inner surface (upper surface substrate 301 side) of the lower surface substrate 307. By applying a voltage between these adjacent electrodes 331, the alignment of liquid crystal molecules sandwiched between the substrates can be controlled. FIG. 19B is a diagram in which the phrase in FIG. 19A is changed by 90 degrees. As shown in FIG. 19B, when illumination light (p-polarized light) is incident, the p-polarized illumination light is emitted with zero-order reflection.

  FIG. 19C is a diagram showing a state of repulsion of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal drop in this case. The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal drop are similarly wrapped by the polymer film 315g. FIG. 19D shows details of a part of the area 351 extracted from this figure. As shown in FIG. 19D, the liquid crystal molecules 315h · i · j reflect the zero-order irradiation light 361a which is p-polarized light and emit it as emission light 361b.

  As described above, the illumination light incident in the normal direction of the substrate surface is transmitted according to the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules, and the light traveling in the direction substantially horizontal to the substrate surface is reflected in the zero order (total reflection). It can be performed.

  Hereinafter, the description will be continued with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of transparent electrodes D provided on the back side (inner surface side) of the first substrate 8 (here, a plurality of electrodes are grouped together and their regions or groups are indicated by reference numerals 3 and 4). And a transparent electrode D provided on the surface of the second substrate 11 (here, a plurality of electrodes are grouped and indicated by reference numerals 5 and 6). The thin film electrode 1 disposed in the space between the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 11 is attracted to the first transparent electrode D (4 and 5) by the voltage applied to D (4, 5). It is done. A portion between the portions of the thin film electrode 1 drawn to the first substrate 11 side and the second substrate 11 side is disposed in a space 25 between the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 11, The space 25 is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the substrate surface, for example, 45 degrees.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing an operation state in the backlight device according to the present embodiment. The orientation of the liquid crystal forming the pixel portions 12 and 14 of the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel 7 is parallel to the polarization axis of the polarized light source light 21 from the first direction (from left to right in the figure), and Since the ultrafine grating is formed on the surface of the thin film electrode 1 as described above compared to the wavelength of the polarized light source light 21, the polarized light source light 21 is formed on the surface of the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel 7 and the thin film. Zero-order reflection is performed on the surface of the inclined portion of the electrode 1. The surface of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel 7 proceeds without loss from the light source direction to the emission direction while performing zero-order reflection on the surface. On the other hand, with respect to the thin-film electrode 1, the above light is zero-order reflected even on the lower surface side by the fine diffraction grating 2a formed on the upper surface thereof. As a result, both the first substrate 7 side and the second substrate 11 side undergo zero-order reflection, so that incident light travels without loss toward the substrate surface.

  When the incident light reaches the inclined portion 1a of the thin film electrode 1, it travels upward (first substrate 7 side) in the space 25 while being reflected by this inclined portion 1a (reference numeral 16: inclination angle of 45 degrees). On the other hand, the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel 8 provided on the first substrate 7 is incident on the pixel portion 13 immediately above the region where the inclined portion 1a is formed. At this time, the pixel unit 13 is configured to transmit the transmitted light 16 as shown in FIG. The transmitted light 16 is applied to the display panel 120 disposed on the first substrate 8. That is, the structure shown in FIG. 4 functions as a display device including a backlight device and a display panel.

  It is determined by the formation position of the inclined portion 1 a determined by the voltage applied to the electrode D and the voltage applied to the side electrode in the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal of the first substrate 7. A black matrix BM is provided between the pixel portions 12, 13, and 14 to prevent light leakage and improve contrast.

  By controlling the position of the pixel portion 13 corresponding to the position from which the emitted light 16 is emitted so as to be the same position, the above function can be exhibited.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram related to FIG. 4, and shows a state of driving the thin film electrode 1 of the backlight device according to the present embodiment for one column in FIG. 2. Table 1 is a table showing the relationship between the position of the thin film electrode in FIG. 5 and the upper and lower drive electrodes.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the thin film electrode 1 having the diffraction grating 2 formed on the upper surface is shown at a position A. FIG. In the case shown in FIG. 5A, when the pixel to be displayed is indicated by reference numeral 13, the upper drive electrode group 1), that is, a) is off, and the upper drive electrode group 2), 3) is on. Yes, the lower drive electrode group 4) is on, and the lower drive electrode groups 5), 6) and 7) are off and off. Here, when one of the electrodes D on the upper and lower substrates is on and the other is off, the thin film electrode 1 is drawn to the on electrode side. It should be noted that when both of the regions corresponding to the upper and lower sides are on, they basically do not exist. On the other hand, when both are off, the region becomes floating, so that the region can be the inclined portion 1a.

  5A, the inclined portion A is formed in the pixel portion 13, and the incident light 21 is reflected by the inclined portion 1a and travels upward to become the emitted light 22. In FIG. An inclined portion B is formed in the region and the incident light 21 becomes the outgoing light 23. In FIG. 5C, the inclined portion C is formed in the region of the pixel portion 20 and the incident light 21 becomes the outgoing light 24. A voltage is applied.

  Further, in synchronization with these operations, in the light scattering type liquid crystal panel 8, as the region where the inclined portion 1a is formed moves to A, B, and C, the position of the display pixel (transmission portion). Are configured to move as indicated by reference numerals 13, 16, and 20, respectively. By these operations, the radiated lights 22, 23, and 24 are emitted from the predetermined pixels toward the display direction (upper side in the drawing) through the transparent electrodes 13, 16, and 20, respectively. The alignment of the liquid crystal in the pixel portions 12, 13, and 14 of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal at this time is as described above, and will be described later.

  Insulator films 9, 10 are provided between the transparent electrode D (3, 4, 5, 6) provided on the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 11 and the thin film electrode 1. Since it is arranged, a short circuit between the transparent electrode D (3, 4, 5, 6) and the thin film electrode 1 can be prevented. An example of an appropriate insulating film that does not short-circuit and the thickness are preferably about 1 to 2 μm, for example.

  Next, the structure and operation of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal in the case of s-polarized input light will be described. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of alignment of light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal in the case of s-polarized input light, and is a diagram illustrating an example in which light source light is s-polarized light.

(1) Illumination method of the pixel 13s shown in FIG. 9 FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the alignment state of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal, and the lower diagram is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in the upper diagram. It is. This will be described with reference to FIG. The input light 21 s is oriented as indicated by reference numerals 60 and 62 by the voltage applied between the side electrodes 50 arranged on the partition walls of the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel unit 7 to form the diffraction grating parts 12 s and 14 s. To do.

  The diffraction grating portions 12s and 14s described below and the diffraction grating 2 of the thin film electrode 1 in FIG. 4 are all diffraction gratings, but the diffraction grating formed in the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal has liquid crystal molecular alignment. Is obtained. The diffraction grating on the thin film electrode surface is physically formed. The pitch of the grating is less than the wavelength. This point has already been described with reference to FIGS.

  The side electrode pairs disposed on the side wall surrounding the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal are preferably adjacent to each other in a state where they overlap each other by a predetermined width. An insulator is inserted in the overlap region.

  In addition, the light source system used in the present embodiment includes a light source that can be modulated in luminance by an input video signal, a first condenser lens, a second condenser lens in which a glass rod and a polarization conversion element are bonded, or And a second condensing lens on which a polarization conversion element and a wave plate are bonded. The surface of the glass rod other than the incident / exit surface is mirrored.

  The output light of the light source system capable of modulating the luminance by the input video signal is reflected by the thin film electrode and input to the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal substrate. And it can output to the pixel which comprises a predetermined horizontal scanning line, and can display and reproduce an image by line sequential scanning. The thin film-like electrode is disposed at right angles to each of the R, G, and B pixels formed by sealing the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal at a position that avoids the incident direction of the emitted light. A control mechanism is provided for on / off control of each of the second substrate and the thin film electrode. With this control mechanism, light can be emitted from a desired pixel based on the scattering of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal obtained by controlling the direction of the output polarized light.

  As shown in FIGS. 5A and 12, the input light 21 s is totally reflected by the diffraction grating portion 12 s and is reflected by the inclined portion 1 a (A) of the thin-film electrode 1 and proceeds to the first substrate 8 side. The input light 80 s is input to the pixel 13 s of the light transmission / scattering panel portion 7. As shown in the center state of FIG. 9, a voltage is applied to the pixel 13s, and the liquid crystal molecules are in a transmissive state. Therefore, the input light 80s shown in FIG. Is emitted to the display LCD pixel disposed thereon.

(2) Illumination Method for Next Pixel As shown in FIG. 9, for example, when a pair of side electrode pairs 50 and 51 are connected by switches 54 and 55 and a predetermined voltage is applied to the electrodes, a light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal The diffraction grating portion 12s becomes longer in the vertical scanning direction, and the diffraction grating portion 14s becomes shorter. Therefore, the total reflection position of the input light 21s moves by one pixel in the vertical direction. At the moved pixel position, light is irradiated to the display LCD pixel arranged thereon by the same principle as the display of the pixel 13s. The term “total reflection position” also refers to a diffraction grating surface formed on a light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal and a diffraction grating surface formed on a thin film electrode surface.

(3) Next-pixel illumination method When the side electrodes 50, 51, 52 are connected by switches 54, 55, 56, 57, respectively, and a predetermined voltage is applied to the side electrodes, a diffraction grating of a light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal The part 12s is further elongated in the vertical direction, and the diffraction grating part 14s is further shortened. Therefore, the total reflection position of the input light 21s is further moved by one pixel in the vertical direction. At the moved pixel position, light is irradiated to the display LCD pixel arranged thereon by the same principle as the display of the pixel 13s.

  The timing of the applied voltage between the side electrodes 50 and the timing of applying the voltage to the driving transparent electrode are controlled so that the position of the pixel 13s and the position of the reflecting portion of the strip-shaped thin film electrode portion are the same. ing. For that purpose, a control circuit for controlling the drive circuit so that the position of the pixel 13s and the position of the reflective portion of the strip-shaped thin film electrode portion are the same may be provided.

  In the case of p-polarized light, the control circuit applies an AC voltage between the electrodes 70, 71, 72 as shown in FIG. For example, even-numbered electrodes such as 70 and 72 are shared, and odd-numbered electrodes such as 71 and 73 are shared separately and connected so that their polarities are different from each other.

  Next, the structure and operation of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal when the input light is p-polarized light will be described. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an alignment example of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal when the input light is p-polarized light, and corresponds to FIG. 9 (in the case of s-polarized light). FIG. 13 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 12 (in the case of s-polarized light), and is a diagram illustrating an electrode structure of a light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel adapted to the input light 21p.

(1) Illumination Method of Pixel 13p FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the alignment state of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal, and the lower diagram is a cross-sectional view along the line BB ′ in the upper diagram. The description will be made with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the input light 21p (see FIGS. 4 and 5) from the light source is a flat electrode 70 disposed on the back surface of the front substrate of the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel unit 7 (see FIGS. 4 and 5). By the voltages applied between -71 and 72-73, they are oriented as indicated by reference numerals 74 and 76 to form the diffraction grating portion 12p (see FIGS. 4 and 5).

  The input light 21p is totally reflected by the second diffraction grating portion (actually the 0th-order reflection portion) 12p formed of liquid crystal molecules as described above, is reflected by the inclined portion 1a of the thin film electrode 1, and transmits light. As shown in FIG. 13, the input light 80 p is input to the pixel 13 p of the scattering panel section 7. Since a voltage is applied between the electrodes 71-72 so that the liquid crystal molecules in the middle of FIG. 10 are aligned, the liquid crystal molecules are in a transmissive state, so that the input light 80p is transmitted and scattered as shown in FIG. Irradiates (inputs) the corresponding pixels of the display LCD 120 (FIGS. 4 and 5) arranged on the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel unit 7 through the liquid crystal panel unit 7 and output as output light from the surface. To do. Thereby, a pack light can be locally irradiated only to a display object pixel.

(2) Next Pixel Display Method From the state (1) shown in FIG. 10, in addition to the side electrode pair 70-71, the second diffraction grating portion 12p is further connected between 71-72. When a predetermined voltage is applied so as to extend toward the diffraction grating portion 14p, the diffraction grating portion 12p of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal becomes longer in the vertical direction and the diffraction grating portion 14p becomes shorter. The total reflection position of the input light 21p moves by one pixel in the vertical direction. The pixel portion in the transmissive state in FIGS. 4 and 5 moves to the right in the figure by one pixel. Since the subsequent operation is the same as that in the case of display based on the illumination of the pixel 13p, description thereof is omitted.

(3) Next Pixel Display Method From the state of (2) above, the second diffraction grating portion 12p is connected to the second diffraction grating portion 14p between the side electrodes 70-71, 71-72, and 72-73. When a predetermined voltage is applied so as to extend to the side, the second diffraction grating portion 12p of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal is further elongated in the vertical direction, and the diffraction grating portion 14p is further shortened. The total reflection position of the input light 21p further moves by one pixel in the vertical direction. Since the subsequent operation is the same as the display based on the illumination of the pixel 13p, description thereof is omitted.

  As described above, in the backlight device for a display device according to the present embodiment, the polarized light source light 21 is obtained as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, zero-order reflection is performed without loss on both the surface of the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel 7 forming the second diffraction grating and the surface of the inclined portion of the thin-film electrode 1. That is, the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel 7 surface proceeds without loss from the light source direction to the emission direction while performing zero-order reflection on the surface. On the other hand, with respect to the thin-film electrode 1, the above light is zero-order reflected even on the lower surface side by the fine diffraction grating 2a formed on the upper surface thereof. As a result, both the first substrate 8 side and the second substrate 11 side undergo zero-order reflection, so that incident light travels without loss toward the substrate surface. In addition, incident light that has traveled without loss is zero-order reflected at the inclined portion 1 a that forms the first diffraction grating and is emitted to the surface side of the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel 7.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, in the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel 7, a transmissive part is formed in the pixel area incident by zero-order reflection at the inclined part 1a, and a reflective part is formed in the other areas. By applying a voltage to a large number of electrodes formed on the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel 7 in the light traveling direction, the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel is reflected at the inclined portion 1a by the zeroth order. The light emitted to the surface side 7 is applied to the transmissive pixels and is transmitted through the transmissive pixels to contribute to display. In other pixel regions, a reflection region is formed in the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel 7, so that light is blocked in the other pixel regions. The position of the pixel area to be displayed is scanned line-sequentially, thereby realizing a light irradiation device such as a backlight device that emits light in pixel units.
Thereby, the utilization efficiency of the light in a backlight apparatus can be improved.

  Further, on the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel 7, for example, a color panel that shields and transmits light for each pixel, such as a liquid crystal panel, is provided. By synchronizing the display positions of the pixels and the like with each other, a display device with high light efficiency can be realized. At this time, a display device with good contrast can be realized by matching the light irradiation position of the backlight with the pixel display position of the liquid crystal panel.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a display device including a backlight device when a diffraction grating is formed only on the surface of the strip-shaped thin film electrode, and corresponds to FIG. In the configuration shown in FIG. 14, the first diffraction grating 2 a is formed on the thin-film electrode 1, but the second diffraction grating is not formed on the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel 7. In this configuration, the incident light source light 21 is zero-order reflected (total reflection) by the first diffraction grating formed on the lower surface of the drawing, is emitted by the zero-order reflection at the inclined portion 1a, and is directly above the inclined portion 1a. The liquid crystal panel 120 is configured to be irradiated with light L. Even with such a simple configuration, there is an advantage that the incident light from the light source is almost totally reflected and the light is efficiently propagated to the display area.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a display device including a backlight device when only a light transmission / scattering liquid crystal forms a diffraction grating, and corresponds to FIG. 4. In the configuration shown in FIG. 15, a diffraction grating is not formed on the thin film electrode 1, and a second diffraction grating is formed on the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel 7. In this configuration, the incident light source light 21 is zero-order reflected (total reflection) by the second diffraction grating formed by the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel 7 provided on the upper surface of the drawing, and is reflected by the inclined portion 1a. Then, the liquid crystal panel 120 is configured to be irradiated with light through the display pixel unit 13. Even with such a simple configuration, there is an advantage that the incident light from the light source is almost totally reflected and the light is efficiently propagated to the display area.

  FIG. 16 is a view similar to FIG. 4 described above, and shows a configuration in which the first diffraction grating portion is formed on the thin-film electrode 1 and the second diffraction grating is formed on the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel 7. It is. In such a configuration, it is possible to use light with less loss due to zero-order reflection in both the light introduction direction and the reflection at the inclined portion.

  Next, a backlight device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Since the basic configuration and basic operation of the backlight device according to this embodiment are the same as those of the display device according to the first embodiment, the description will focus on the differences.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the backlight device centering on the light guide mechanism according to the present embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 4. In the structure shown in FIG. 6, not only on one side of the thin film electrode 1 but also on the front and back sides, that is, the first diffraction grating 2a on the front side and the first diffraction grating on the back side as in the structure shown in FIG. And 2b.

  In addition, in addition to the upper first substrate 8 side, the lower second substrate 11 side has the same structure as the panel 7 using the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal.

  Further, the first liquid crystal panel 120 is disposed on the upper first substrate 8 side, and the second liquid crystal panel 121 is disposed on the lower second substrate 11 side.

  With the above-described configuration, the polarized light source light is formed by a space defined between the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 11 that are spaced apart by a certain distance. The light guide part is configured to be able to be introduced from both the first direction and the second direction which is the opposite direction along the substrate surface (see reference numerals 26 and 28). Although the inclination angle in the inclined portion of the thin film electrode 1 is not limited, it is preferably about 45 degrees so as to be the same in both the first direction and the second direction.

  The polarized light source lights 26 and 28 thus introduced are transmitted through the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panels sealed in the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 11, respectively, as shown in FIG. Light is output as illumination light 27 and 29 simultaneously from the illumination pixel portions 31 and 34 formed at the opposing positions.

  The positions of the illuminating pixel portions 31 and 34 are determined based on the voltages applied to the many electrode D groups insulated by the insulating films 8 and 9, as in the first embodiment. It can be defined by on / off control of voltage application to 4 and the electrode (D) groups 5 and 6.

  At this time, the orientations of the illumination pixel portions 30, 31, 32 of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal 8 and the illumination pixel portions 33, 34, 35 of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal 11 are those shown in FIG. The configuration is the same. The configuration of the thin film electrode 1 is the same as that of the first embodiment except that the diffraction grating 2 is provided on both the front and back surfaces (2a and 2b).

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing in more detail how the incident light 26 and the incident light 28 travel from both sides in the configuration of FIG. The incident light 26 and the incident light 28 are diffracted by the first diffraction gratings 2a and 2b formed on the thin film electrode 1 (actually zero-order reflected), and are used for illumination on the first substrate 8 side. The light is emitted as transmitted light 27 and 29 from the pixel portion (transmission state) 31 and the illumination pixel portion (transmission state) 34 on the second substrate side, and both on the first substrate 8 side and the second substrate 11 side. Are configured to illuminate simultaneously. At this time, since the inclined portion 1a and the first diffraction gratings 2a and 2b allow the incident light to be efficiently collected on the illumination pixel portions 31 and 34, the first liquid crystal panel 120 and the first diffraction grating Good illumination can be performed toward both sides of the second liquid crystal panel 121.

  As described above, also in the backlight device for double-sided display according to the present embodiment, the main optical system material is the second diffraction by the liquid crystal molecules in the path from the illumination light source to the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal output surface. Since only the grating surface and the first diffraction gratings 2a and 2b in the thin film electrode 1 are provided, there is an advantage that the light transmittance is improved. In addition, by using a light source that emits light at a predetermined wavelength as the illumination light source, a color filter is not necessary. Furthermore, since the black level can be easily realized by setting the light emission amount of the signal light source to 0, the contrast ratio can theoretically be infinite.

  By using the backlight device according to the present embodiment, the contrast ratio is not limited by the backlight luminance as in the case of TFT-LCDs in the past, and the illumination light source can be handled independently in RGB pixel units. Therefore, velocity luminance modulation similar to that of CRT or the like is possible. Therefore, there is an advantage that the contrast ratio of each adjacent pixel can be set freely. The contrast ratio between adjacent pixels is significantly improved as compared with the TFT-LCD. In addition, since it is not necessary to arrange fluorescent lamps in the width direction in the backlight, a very thin display panel can be realized. Since a backlight light source such as a fluorescent lamp is unnecessary, a light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel thickness (about 2 to 3 mm) is sufficient as a display structure, and an extremely thin display device can be realized. There is an advantage that it is possible.

  Furthermore, there is an advantage that the color reproducibility is good. That is, since the signal light source is independent for each pixel, the degree of freedom in setting chromaticity coordinate values for each of the RGB colors is high. For example, color reproducibility such as NTSC and HDTV can be reproduced faithfully.

  In addition, since the signal light source supports each pixel independently, if research and development of the display progresses in the future, a multi-primary color display with C (cyan), M (magenta), Y (yellow) other than RGB added. Can be easily realized.

  In addition, since the substrate material is black and less external light is reflected, a display capable of high-contrast display even in a bright room can be realized. Further, the display device according to the present embodiment has an advantage that it can be easily displayed on both sides by using one display panel.

  The present invention is applicable to LCD backlight devices, display devices using the same, electronic devices, and the like.

It is a perspective view which shows the example of whole structure of the backlight apparatus by the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a permeation | transmission perspective view which shows the structure centering on the strip | belt-shaped thin film electrode part by this Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the partial structural example of the display apparatus containing the backlight apparatus centering on the light guide mechanism part (light switch function part) by this Embodiment, and a display panel. FIG. 4 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 3 and showing the light path in detail. It is a figure which shows the mode of a drive of a strip | belt-shaped thin film electrode part corresponding to FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the partial structural example centering on the light guide mechanism part (switch function part) in the double-sided backlight apparatus in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 6, showing the light path in detail. It is a figure which shows the principle of the conventional optical switch function. It is a figure which shows the liquid crystal orientation state shown in FIG. 4, and is a figure in case illumination light is s polarization | polarized-light. It is a figure which shows the liquid-crystal orientation state shown in FIG. 4, and is a figure in case illumination light is p polarization | polarized-light. It is a figure which shows the pitch dependence of the diffraction grating of the diffraction efficiency of a micro pitch diffraction grating. It is a figure which shows the example of the electrode structure of the light transmissive scattering type liquid crystal panel adapted to input light (21s). It is a figure which shows the example of the electrode structure of the light transmission scattering type liquid crystal panel suitable for input light (21p). It is a figure which shows an example of the display apparatus containing a backlight apparatus in case the diffraction grating is formed only on the surface of a strip | belt-shaped thin film electrode, and is a figure corresponding to FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a display device including a backlight device when only a light transmission / scattering liquid crystal forms a diffraction grating, and corresponds to FIG. 4. FIG. 5 is a diagram similar to FIG. 4 described above, and shows a configuration in which a first diffraction grating portion is formed on the thin film electrode 1 and a second diffraction grating is formed on the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel 7. It is a figure which shows the orientation state of a light transmission scattering type liquid crystal molecule. It is a figure which shows the example in case illumination light is 0th-order reflection, and is a figure corresponding to FIG. FIG. 19 is a diagram related to FIG. 18 and shows a state in which illumination light (incident light: p-polarized light) is zero-order reflected. It is sectional drawing which shows the structural example of the conventional LCD apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Thin film-like electrode, 2 ... Diffraction grating, 3, 4 ... Transparent electrode for drive 5, 6 ... Electrode for drive, 7 ... Light transmission scattering type liquid crystal panel, 8 ... 1st board | substrate, 9 ... Insulator film, 10 ... insulator film, 11 ... second substrate, 17 ... space.

Claims (60)

Provided in a space formed between the first substrate, the second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate by a certain distance, and the first substrate and the second substrate. A backlight device that emits irradiation light for display by pixels arranged in a matrix in a two-dimensional plane of the substrate,
The first substrate includes a light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel provided on the opposite side of the second substrate, and a transparent first provided on the second substrate side and arranged in the pixel column direction. A plurality of electrodes, and a first insulator film provided on the second substrate side of the electrodes,
The second substrate is provided on the first substrate side, is arranged side by side in the pixel column direction, and is formed with an electrode pair with the first plurality of electrodes, and the second substrate And a second insulator film provided on the first substrate side of the plurality of electrodes,
The light guide mechanism is a thin film electrode disposed between insulator films provided on the first substrate and the second substrate, and is provided on each of the first substrate and the second substrate. First extending in the same direction as the plurality of first and second electrodes provided and in surface contact with the first insulator film surface by a voltage applied to the first and second electrodes. And an inclined surface inclined with respect to the substrate surface between the first region and the second region, and a second region in surface contact with the second insulator film surface, A strip-like thin film electrode having a light reflecting function by providing a number of first diffraction gratings on the first substrate side surface;
A first voltage control mechanism capable of moving a pixel region in a column direction by turning on and off the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel disposed on the first substrate based on an input video signal; ,
A second voltage control mechanism capable of applying a voltage to the first plurality of electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes to move the inclined portion of the thin film electrode in a column direction;
The light guide mechanism is disposed between the insulator films disposed on the first substrate and the second substrate, and is disposed at a position where the polarized light is introduced in the column direction and introduces light in the first direction. A light source system including a light source;
In the polarized light from the light source, the transmission pixel region of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel by the first voltage control mechanism and the region forming the inclined portion are formed at the same position. A backlight device comprising: a synchronization control unit that synchronizes timing of voltage application between the first voltage control mechanism and the second voltage control mechanism. Provided in a space formed between the first substrate, the second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate by a certain distance, and the first substrate and the second substrate. A backlight device that emits irradiation light for display by pixels arranged in a matrix in a two-dimensional plane of the substrate,
The first substrate includes a light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel provided on the opposite side of the second substrate, and a transparent first provided on the second substrate side and arranged in the pixel column direction. A plurality of electrodes, and a first insulator film provided on the second substrate side of the electrodes,
The second substrate is provided on the first substrate side, is arranged side by side in the pixel column direction, and is formed with an electrode pair with the first plurality of electrodes, and the second substrate And a second insulator film provided on the first substrate side of the plurality of electrodes,
The light guide mechanism is a thin film electrode disposed between insulator films provided on the first substrate and the second substrate, and is provided on each of the first substrate and the second substrate. First extending in the same direction as the plurality of first and second electrodes provided and in surface contact with the first insulator film surface by a voltage applied to the first and second electrodes. And a second region in surface contact with the second insulator film surface, and an inclined surface inclined with respect to the substrate surface between the first region and the second region. It has a strip-shaped thin film electrode having a light reflection function,
The orientation of the liquid crystal is controlled by the position by turning on and off the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel disposed on the first substrate based on the input video signal, and the position of the transmission pixel and the second diffraction grating are arranged in the column direction. A first voltage control mechanism capable of moving a position to form;
A second voltage control mechanism capable of applying a voltage to the first plurality of electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes to move the inclined portion of the thin film electrode in a column direction;
The light guide mechanism is disposed between the insulator films disposed on the first substrate and the second substrate, and is disposed at a position where the polarized light is introduced in the column direction and introduces light in the first direction. A light source system including a light source;
The polarized light from the light source is formed so that the transmission region of the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel by the first voltage control mechanism and the region forming the inclined portion are formed at the same position. A backlight device comprising: a synchronization control unit that synchronizes the timing of voltage application between the first voltage control mechanism and the second voltage control mechanism. Provided in a space formed between the first substrate, the second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate by a certain distance, and the first substrate and the second substrate. A backlight device that emits irradiation light for display by pixels arranged in a matrix in a two-dimensional plane of the substrate,
The first substrate includes a light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel provided on the opposite side of the second substrate, and a transparent first provided on the second substrate side and arranged in the pixel column direction. A plurality of electrodes, and a first insulator film provided on the second substrate side of the electrodes,
The second substrate is provided on the first substrate side, is arranged side by side in the pixel column direction, and is formed with an electrode pair with the first plurality of electrodes, and the second substrate And a second insulator film provided on the first substrate side of the plurality of electrodes,
The light guide mechanism is a thin film electrode disposed between insulator films provided on the first substrate and the second substrate, and is provided on each of the first substrate and the second substrate. First extending in the same direction as the plurality of first and second electrodes provided and in surface contact with the first insulator film surface by a voltage applied to the first and second electrodes. And an inclined surface inclined with respect to the substrate surface between the first region and the second region, and a second region in surface contact with the second insulator film surface, A strip-like thin film electrode having a light reflecting function by providing a number of first diffraction gratings on the first substrate side surface;
The orientation of the liquid crystal is controlled by the position by turning on and off the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel disposed on the first substrate based on the input video signal, and the position of the transmission pixel and the second diffraction grating are arranged in the column direction. A first voltage control mechanism capable of moving a position to form;
A second voltage control mechanism capable of applying a voltage to the first plurality of electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes to move the inclined portion of the thin film electrode in a column direction;
The light guide mechanism is disposed between the insulator films disposed on the first substrate and the second substrate, and is disposed at a position where the polarized light is introduced in the column direction and introduces light in the first direction. A light source system including a light source;
The polarized light from the light source is formed so that the transmission region of the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel by the first voltage control mechanism and the region forming the inclined portion are formed at the same position. A backlight device comprising: a synchronization control unit that synchronizes the timing of voltage application between the first voltage control mechanism and the second voltage control mechanism.   4. The backlight device according to claim 1, wherein the first or second diffraction grating has a sufficiently small pitch with respect to a wavelength of incident light. 5.   The first voltage control mechanism is configured to obtain a plurality of electro-optical characteristics in each of a plurality of stripe-shaped liquid crystal layers defined by the thin film electrode and the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel. The backlight device according to claim 1, wherein on / off control of a voltage applied to the electrode is performed.   The light transmission / scattering liquid crystal material is controlled by turning on / off a voltage between electrodes in the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal substrate by controlling a polarization direction of light introduced from the light source system in the first direction. The backlight device according to claim 1, wherein the light is emitted from a predetermined pixel based on transmission.   The second voltage control mechanism drives the thin film electrode, controls the direction of polarized light introduced from the light source system in the first direction, and causes the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal pixel to input the light. The backlight device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein   When the output light of the light source system is s-polarized light, the polarization axis of the output light and the polarization axis of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal are in a position perpendicular to the incident plane, and the output light is the length of the liquid crystal. The light from the light source propagates between the first substrate and the second substrate by being arranged so as to be parallel to the axis. The backlight device according to claim 1.   When the output light of the light source system is p-polarized light, the polarization axis of the output light and the polarization axis of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal are in a position parallel to the incident surface, and the output light is the length of the liquid crystal. The light from the light source propagates between the first substrate and the second substrate by being arranged so as to be reflected parallel to the axis or at a predetermined angle. The backlight device according to any one of 1 to 8.   By the respective applied voltages through the respective insulator films between the first plurality of electrodes and the second plurality of electrodes disposed on the thin film electrode and the first substrate and the second substrate, The position of the inclined portion of the thin film electrode is changed by tilting the thin film electrode at a predetermined angle and changing the position where the voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes. The backlight device according to claim 1, wherein the backlight device is adjusted.   11. The backlight device according to claim 1, further comprising a mechanism for converting the light flux of the light source into a rectangular and flat shape and unipolarizing the light into p-polarized light or s-polarized light. 11.   A sealing material having a through hole for introducing output light from the light source into the inclined electrode surface of the thin film electrode formed between the first substrate and the second substrate is formed in the light guide portion. The backlight device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the backlight device is provided.   The pair of side electrodes disposed on the side wall surrounding the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal is adjacent to each other in a state where they overlap each other by a predetermined width, and an insulator is interposed in the overlapping region. The backlight device according to any one of claims 1 to 12.   In the light source system, a light source that can be modulated in luminance by an input video signal, a first condensing lens, a glass rod, and a second condensing lens in which a polarization conversion element is bonded, or a second condensing in which a polarization conversion element and a wave plate are bonded. The backlight device according to claim 1, further comprising a lens.   15. The backlight device according to claim 14, wherein a surface of the glass rod other than the incident / exit surface is mirror-processed.   16. The backlight device according to claim 1, wherein the transmission state region and the reflection state region are switched by a voltage applied to a side electrode surrounding the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal. . A light source system comprising the backlight device according to any one of claims 1 to 16 and capable of modulating a luminance by an input video signal, and an output light of the light source system is reflected by the thin film electrode to transmit the light. A system for inputting to a scattering type liquid crystal substrate, outputting to pixels constituting a predetermined horizontal scanning line, and displaying and reproducing an image by line sequential scanning,
For each R, G, B pixel formed by sealing a light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal, the thin film-like electrode disposed at a right angle at a position avoiding the incident direction of the emitted light;
A control mechanism for controlling on / off of each of the first and second substrates and the thin film electrode;
A backlight system characterized in that light is emitted from a desired pixel based on transmission of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal obtained by controlling the direction of the output polarized light by the control mechanism. A backlight device according to claims 1 to 17,
A display panel disposed above the first substrate side of the backlight device and having a shutter function for each pixel;
A display device comprising: a control circuit that controls driving of the backlight device and the display panel in synchronization. Provided in a space formed between the first substrate, the second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate by a certain distance, and the first substrate and the second substrate. A backlight device that emits irradiation light for display by pixels arranged in a matrix in a two-dimensional plane of the substrate,
The first substrate includes a light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel provided on the opposite side of the second substrate, and a transparent first provided on the second substrate side and arranged in the pixel column direction. A plurality of electrodes, and a first insulator film provided on the second substrate side of the electrodes,
The second substrate includes a light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel provided on the opposite side of the first substrate, the first substrate provided on the first substrate side, and arranged side by side in the pixel column direction. A second plurality of electrodes forming an electrode pair with the second electrode, and a second insulator film provided on the first substrate side of the second plurality of electrodes,
The light guide mechanism is a thin film electrode disposed between insulator films provided on the first substrate and the second substrate, and is provided on each of the first substrate and the second substrate. A first region extending in the same direction as the first and second plurality of electrodes provided and in surface contact with the first insulator film surface by a voltage applied to the first and second plurality of electrodes And a second region in surface contact with the second insulator film surface, an inclined surface inclined with respect to the substrate surface between the first region and the second region, and A plurality of first diffraction gratings are provided on both sides of the first and second substrates, thereby providing a strip-like thin film electrode having a light reflecting function;
A first voltage that can move the pixel region in the column direction by turning on and off the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panels disposed on the first and second substrates based on an input video signal. A control mechanism;
A second voltage control mechanism capable of applying a voltage to the first plurality of electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes to move the inclined portion of the thin film electrode in a column direction;
A first direction and a second direction are arranged at positions where the polarized light is introduced between the insulator films arranged on the first substrate and the second substrate, which are the light guide mechanism, in the column direction. A light source system including a light source for introducing light from after;
The polarized light from the light source is formed so that the transmission region of the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel by the first voltage control mechanism and the region forming the inclined portion are formed at the same position. A double-sided backlight device comprising: a synchronization control unit that synchronizes the timing of voltage application between the first voltage control mechanism and the second voltage control mechanism. Provided in a space formed between the first substrate, the second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate by a certain distance, and the first substrate and the second substrate. A backlight device that emits irradiation light for display by pixels arranged in a matrix in a two-dimensional plane of the substrate,
The first substrate includes a light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel provided on the opposite side of the second substrate, and a transparent first provided on the second substrate side and arranged in the pixel column direction. A plurality of electrodes, and a first insulator film provided on the second substrate side of the electrodes,
The second substrate includes a light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel provided on the opposite side of the first substrate, the first substrate provided on the first substrate side, and arranged side by side in the pixel column direction. A second plurality of electrodes forming an electrode pair with the second electrode, and a second insulator film provided on the first substrate side of the second plurality of electrodes,
The light guide mechanism is a thin film electrode disposed between insulator films provided on the first substrate and the second substrate, and is provided on each of the first substrate and the second substrate. A first region extending in the same direction as the first and second plurality of electrodes provided and in surface contact with the first insulator film surface by a voltage applied to the first and second plurality of electrodes A second region in surface contact with the second insulator film surface, and an inclined surface inclined with respect to the substrate surface between the first region and the second region. It has a strip-shaped thin film electrode having a reflection function,
The alignment of the liquid crystal is controlled by the position by turning on and off the light transmission and scattering type liquid crystal panels disposed on the first and second substrates based on the input video signal, and the position of the transmissive pixel and the second position in the column direction are controlled. A first voltage control mechanism capable of moving a position where a diffraction grating is formed;
A second voltage control mechanism capable of applying a voltage to the first plurality of electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes to move the inclined portion of the thin film electrode in a column direction;
A first direction and a second direction are arranged at positions where the polarized light is introduced between the insulator films arranged on the first substrate and the second substrate, which are the light guide mechanism, in the column direction. A light source system including a light source for introducing light from
The polarized light from the light source is formed so that the transmission region of the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel by the first voltage control mechanism and the region forming the inclined portion are formed at the same position. A double-sided backlight device comprising: a synchronization control unit that synchronizes the timing of voltage application between the first voltage control mechanism and the second voltage control mechanism. Provided in a space formed between the first substrate, the second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate by a certain distance, and the first substrate and the second substrate. A backlight device that emits irradiation light for display by pixels arranged in a matrix in a two-dimensional plane of the substrate,
The first substrate includes a light transmission / scattering liquid crystal panel provided on the opposite side of the second substrate, and a transparent first provided on the second substrate side and arranged in the pixel column direction. A plurality of electrodes, and a first insulator film provided on the second substrate side of the electrodes,
The second substrate includes a light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal panel provided on the opposite side of the first substrate, the first substrate provided on the first substrate side, and arranged side by side in the pixel column direction. A second plurality of electrodes forming an electrode pair with the second electrode, and a second insulator film provided on the first substrate side of the second plurality of electrodes,
The light guide mechanism is a thin film electrode disposed between insulator films provided on the first substrate and the second substrate, and is provided on each of the first substrate and the second substrate. A first region extending in the same direction as the first and second plurality of electrodes provided and in surface contact with the first insulator film surface by a voltage applied to the first and second plurality of electrodes And a second region in surface contact with the second insulator film surface, an inclined surface inclined with respect to the substrate surface between the first region and the second region, and A strip-like thin film electrode having a light reflecting function by providing a number of first diffraction gratings on both the first substrate side and the second substrate side;
The alignment of the liquid crystal is controlled by the position by turning on and off the light transmission and scattering type liquid crystal panels disposed on the first and second substrates based on the input video signal, and the position of the transmissive pixel and the second position in the column direction are controlled. A first voltage control mechanism capable of moving a position where a diffraction grating is formed;
A second voltage control mechanism capable of applying a voltage to the first plurality of electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes to move the inclined portion of the thin film electrode in a column direction;
A first direction and a second direction are arranged at positions where the polarized light is introduced between the insulator films arranged on the first substrate and the second substrate, which are the light guide mechanism, in the column direction. A light source system including a light source for introducing light from
For the polarized light from the light source, the transmission region of the light scattering type liquid crystal panel by the first voltage control mechanism and the region forming the inclined portion are formed at the same position. A double-sided backlight device comprising: a synchronization control unit that synchronizes the timing of voltage application between the voltage control mechanism and the second voltage control mechanism.   The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein the first or second diffraction grating has a sufficiently small pitch with respect to a wavelength of incident light.   In the plurality of thin film electrodes, the plurality of thin film electrodes, and the plurality of stripe-shaped liquid crystal layers defined by the light transmission / scattering liquid crystals provided on the first substrate side and the second substrate side, respectively. 23. A third voltage control mechanism for controlling on / off of voltages applied to the plurality of electrodes so as to obtain a plurality of electro-optical characteristics in each of the electrodes. The double-sided backlight device according to item.   The light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal substrates provided on the first substrate side and the second substrate side, respectively, which control the polarization direction of light introduced from the light source system in the first direction and the second direction. 23. The method according to claim 19, wherein the light is emitted from a predetermined pixel based on transmission of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal material controlled by turning on / off a voltage between the electrodes in the inner electrode. The double-sided backlight device according to item.   The plurality of thin film electrodes are driven to control the direction of polarized light introduced from the light source system in the first direction and the second direction, and are provided on the first substrate side and the second substrate side. 25. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 24, further comprising a fourth voltage control mechanism for inputting to each pixel of the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal substrate.   When the output light of the light source system is s-polarized light, the polarization axis of the output light and the polarization axis of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal are perpendicular to the incident surface on the first substrate side and the second substrate side. And the output light of the light source system from the first direction and the second direction, respectively, by arranging the output light so as to be parallel to the long axis of the liquid crystal. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 25, wherein the double-sided backlight device propagates between the first substrate and the second substrate.   When the output light of the light source system is p-polarized light, the polarization axis of the output light and the polarization axis of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal are parallel to the incident surface on the first substrate side and the second substrate side. The light source system is positioned from the first direction and the second direction by disposing the output light so that the output light is reflected in parallel or at a predetermined angle with respect to the long axis of the liquid crystal. 26. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 25, wherein the output light propagates between the first substrate and the second substrate.   20. A mechanism for converting light beams of light sources from the respective light source systems propagating in the first and second directions into a rectangular shape and a flat shape and unipolarizing them into p-polarized light or s-polarized light. 28. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of items 1 to 27.   A through hole for the output light that is formed in the sealing material and is input from first and second directions provided between the first substrate and the second substrate for output light from the light source system; 29. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 28, wherein:   Side electrode pairs arranged on the side walls of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal substrates on the first substrate side and the second substrate side are adjacent to each other in a state where they overlap each other by a predetermined width. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 28, wherein an insulator is interposed in the region.   In the light source system, a second light source, a first condensing lens, a glass rod, and a polarization conversion element, each of which can modulate the luminance of the output light in the first direction and the output light in the second direction by an input video signal, respectively. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 28, further comprising a condensing lens or a polarization conversion element and a second condensing lens bonded with a wave plate.   30. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 29, wherein a surface of the glass rod other than the incident / exit surface is mirrored.   The pair of side electrodes disposed on the side walls surrounding the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal sealed in the first substrate and the second substrate are adjacent to each other in a state where they overlap each other by a predetermined width. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 32, wherein an insulator is interposed in the wrapped region.   Each of the light source systems from the first and second directions has a light source that can be modulated in luminance by an input video signal, a first condensing lens, a glass rod, and a second condensing lens or a polarization converter. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 33, further comprising a second condensing lens on which an element and a wave plate are bonded.   The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 33, wherein a surface of the glass rod other than the incident / exit surface is mirrored. For each R, G, B pixel formed by sealing a light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal, the thin film-like electrode disposed at a right angle at a position avoiding the incident direction of the emitted light;
A control mechanism for controlling on / off of each of the first and second substrates and the thin film electrode;
34. The light emission from a desired pixel based on the transmission of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal obtained by controlling the direction of the output polarized light by the control mechanism. The double-sided backlight device according to item.   By linking the input of the input video signal with the voltage control mechanism, the light source light output from the first and second directions is transmitted to the first substrate surface and / or the second substrate surface. 35. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 34, further comprising: a control unit that performs control to output in units of one pixel.   The control unit performs control capable of controlling output of the light source light alternately or simultaneously from pixels located at the same position sandwiched between the first substrate surface and the second substrate surface in accordance with the input video signal. 32. The double-sided backlight device according to claim 31.   An output light in which the light source light of the light source system is controlled to be p or s polarized light is introduced in a vertical scanning direction, and a space sandwiched between the insulating band film of the first substrate and the insulating band film of the second substrate is introduced. Propagating, reflecting on both surfaces of the thin film electrode having a predetermined inclination, and emitting to the light transmission dispersion type liquid crystal layer disposed on the first substrate side and the second substrate side, The light source light is emitted from the first substrate surface and the second substrate surface based on electro-optical characteristics of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal material controlled by turning on / off an applied voltage. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of 19 to 32.   Output light in which the light source light of the plurality of light source systems corresponding to the number of display pixels is controlled to p or s polarized light is introduced in the vertical scanning direction, and the voltages at the two pairs of counter electrodes are controlled by on / off. The screen is formed by emitting the polarized light source light from the first substrate surface and the second substrate surface by line-sequential scanning based on the electro-optical characteristics of the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal material. Item 34. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of items 19 to 33.   Controlling the direction of polarized light introduced from the light source system in the first direction, and based on the transmission of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal material controlled by turning on / off the voltages in the two pairs of counter electrodes 37. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 36, wherein the light is emitted from a predetermined pixel from the first substrate surface and / or the second substrate surface.   When the output light from the light source system is s-polarized light, the polarization axis of the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal is made horizontal with respect to the first substrate surface by the voltage applied to the first and second counter electrode pairs. A thin-film electrode having a predetermined inclination is produced by propagating an output light of the light source system between the electrodes through a space sandwiched between the insulating band film of the first substrate and the insulating band film of the second substrate. 38. A voltage application mechanism which reflects on both surfaces and emits light to the light transmission dispersion type liquid crystal layer disposed on the first substrate side and the second substrate side is provided. 2. A double-sided backlight device according to item 1.   When the output light from the light source system is p-polarized light, the polarization axis of the light transmission / scattering liquid crystal is output in the first and second directions by the voltage applied to the first and second counter electrode pairs. Orienting perpendicularly to the polarized light source light, and the output light of the light source system propagates between the electrodes through a space sandwiched between the insulating band film of the first substrate and the insulating band film of the second substrate, It has a voltage application mechanism that reflects on both surfaces of a thin film electrode having a predetermined inclination and emits the light to the light transmission dispersion type liquid crystal layer disposed on the first substrate side and the second substrate side. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 38.   The voltage applied to the first and second counter electrode pairs is such that output light that is p-polarized light or s-polarized light of the light source system is output from the exit surface of the pixel via an incident path to the pixel. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 23 to 37, further comprising a voltage control mechanism for turning off both.   39. The device according to any one of claims 23 to 38, further comprising a one-side polarization mechanism that converts a light beam of the light source from the light source system into a rectangular and flat shape and unipolarizes the light into p-polarized light or s-polarized light. Double-sided backlight device.   A through hole formed in a sealing material that seals the liquid crystal and that introduces output light from the light source system into a space sandwiched between the insulating band film of the first substrate and the insulating band film of the second substrate The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 23 to 39, comprising:   The electrodes arranged on the side walls of the respective light transmission / scattering type liquid crystals arranged on the first and second substrates are arranged adjacent to each other in a state where they overlap each other by a predetermined width. 43. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 42, wherein an insulator is interposed in the double-sided backlight device.   In the light source system, a light source that can be modulated in luminance by an input video signal, a first condenser lens and a glass rod, and a second condenser lens or a polarization conversion element on which a polarization conversion element is attached, and a wave plate are attached. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 43, further comprising a second condenser lens.   45. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 44, wherein a surface of the screen forming the glass rod other than the incident / exit surface is mirrored.   A signal processing system capable of forming the same brightness as that of the first substrate surface on the second substrate surface or different brightness from each other with a single display panel, and the signal system, The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 48, wherein the double-sided backlight device is provided.   50. The apparatus according to claim 19, further comprising scanning direction control means capable of arbitrarily setting a horizontal scanning direction of each of the display surface of the first substrate and the display surface of the second substrate. The double-sided backlight device described in 1.   17. The transmissive state region and the reflective state region are switched according to a voltage applied to a side electrode of the first and second light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal, according to any one of claims 1 to 16. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 51.   The backlight device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the light sources are arranged in different colors depending on adjacent light sources.   53. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 20 to 52, wherein the light sources are arranged in different colors for adjacent light sources.   The light emitted from the adjacent light source to one side of the substrate is arranged in the same color along the second direction, and the light emitted from the opposite side of the substrate to the second direction 53. The double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 20 to 52, wherein different color arrangements are provided along the line.   55. Any one of claims 20 to 52, 54, wherein light emitted from the adjacent light source to either one side or the other side of the substrate is alternately emitted along the second direction. 2. A double-sided backlight device according to item 1. A light source system capable of modulating the luminance by an input video signal, and the output light of the light source system is reflected by the thin film electrode, input to the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal substrate, and output to pixels constituting a predetermined horizontal scanning line. A double-sided backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 56, used in a system for displaying and reproducing images by line sequential scanning,
For each R, G, B pixel formed by sealing the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal, the thin film electrode disposed at an orthogonal inclination at a position avoiding the incident direction of the emitted light;
A control mechanism for controlling on / off of each of the first and second substrates and the thin film electrode;
A double-sided backlight device that emits light from a desired pixel based on transmission of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal obtained by controlling the first and second directions of the output polarized light by the control mechanism . The backlight device according to any one of claims 19 to 57;
First and second display panels disposed above the first substrate side and below the second substrate side of the backlight device and having a shutter function for each pixel;
A display device comprising: a control circuit that controls driving of the backlight device and the first and second display panels in synchronization. A light source system capable of modulating the luminance by an input video signal, and the output light of the light source system is reflected by the thin film electrode, input to the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal substrate, and output to pixels constituting a predetermined horizontal scanning line. A system for displaying and reproducing an image by line sequential scanning,
For each R, G, B pixel formed by sealing a light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal, the thin film-like electrode disposed at a right angle at a position avoiding the incident direction of the emitted light;
A control mechanism for controlling on / off of each of the first and second substrates and the thin film electrode;
In the system capable of emitting light from a desired pixel based on transmission of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal obtained by controlling the first and second directions of the output polarized light by the control mechanism, the light 17. The backlight device according to claim 1, wherein the orientation of the transmission / scattering type liquid crystal can be switched horizontally or vertically with respect to the polarization axis of the output polarized light source light. A light source system capable of modulating the luminance by an input video signal, and the output light of the light source system is reflected by the thin film electrode, input to the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal substrate, and output to pixels constituting a predetermined horizontal scanning line. A system for displaying and reproducing an image by line sequential scanning,
For each R, G, B pixel formed by sealing a light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal, the thin film-like electrode disposed at a right angle at a position avoiding the incident direction of the emitted light;
A control mechanism for controlling on / off of each of the first and second substrates and the thin film electrode;
In the system capable of emitting light from a desired pixel based on transmission of the light transmission / scattering type liquid crystal obtained by controlling the first and second directions of the output polarized light by the control mechanism, the light The arrangement according to any one of claims 19 to 49, 50, 51, and 52, characterized in that the orientation of the transmission-scattering liquid crystal can be switched horizontally or vertically with respect to the polarization axis of the output polarized light source light. Double-sided backlight device.

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