JP2009210002A - Nut - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a nut to be fastened to a bolt passing through members, having easily improved looseness preventive effects without depending on the material quality of the members. <P>SOLUTION: The nut 1 to be fastened to the bolt passing through the two members to be bonded to each other comprises a body 10 having a spiral hole 11 corresponding to the bolt and a recess 13 formed in a seat surface 12 around the spiral hole 11, and a washer 20 which can be installed in the recess 13. The washer 20 has a plurality of protrusions 23 which can be protruded from the seat surface 12, when arranged in the recess 13, and which is crushed when pressed against the members. When the nut 1 is fastened to the bolt with the washer 20 arranged in the recess 13, the protrusions 23 are crushed as the washer 20 is pressed against the members. The washer 20 whose protrusions 23 are crushed is deformed in the recess 13 extending in the direction of the bolt to press the surfaces of the members and the bolt, thereby generating resisting force on the looseness of the body 10. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a nut, and more particularly to a nut fastened to a bolt that penetrates a member.

  When a plurality of members, for example, two plate members are fixed to each other, bolts and nuts are used. In this case, a series of through-holes are formed between the members, a bolt is inserted through one of the through-holes, and a nut is attached to the tip of the bolt and tightened. Thereby, each member is pinched | interposed between the head of a volt | bolt, and a nut, and is mutually fixed.

  Here, the nut fastened to the bolt may be loosened under the influence of vibration or thermal expansion. Therefore, when a nut is fastened to a bolt, a washer is usually arranged on the seat surface of the nut, and the nut is prevented from coming loose by pressing the washer against the member. However, since a general washer is composed of a simple annular plate-like member, the effect of preventing the nut from loosening is limited. Therefore, various devices for improving the locking effect of the washer have been made.

  For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a washer having corrugated irregularities meshing with the irregularities provided on the seat surface of the nut on one side and having protrusions formed on the other side. In this washer, the unevenness on one side meshes with the unevenness on the nut side, and the protrusion on the other side bites into the member, thereby suppressing loosening of the bolt and nut.

JP 2006-307965 A

  However, since this washer needs to form an unevenness that meshes with the unevenness on the nut side, a precise design corresponding to the nut is required. In addition, since it is necessary to bite the protrusion on the other side into the member, it cannot be used for a member that cannot bite the protrusion, such as hard metal or plastic, and the applicable range is Limited by material.

  An object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily enhance the loosening prevention effect of a nut fastened to a bolt passing through a member without depending on the material of the member.

  The present invention relates to a nut that is fastened to a bolt that penetrates a member. The nut has a spiral hole corresponding to the bolt, and a body that has a recess formed around the spiral hole on a seating surface. And a washer that can be placed in the recess. The washer has a plurality of protrusions that can protrude from the seating surface when placed in the recess and collapse when pressed against the member.

  When the nut is rotated and fastened to the bolt that penetrates the member while the washer is placed in the recess of the main body, the main body fixes the bolt to the member by the seating surface coming into contact with the surface of the member. To do. At this time, the projection of the washer disposed in the recess of the main body is crushed as the seat surface of the main body is pressed against the surface of the member. The washer whose protrusion has been crushed is restricted from being deformed in the outward direction due to the wall surface of the dent of the main body, but is deformed so as to extend in the inward direction, that is, the bolt direction. The washer thus deformed presses the surface of the member and the bolt in the recess of the main body to generate a resistance against the loosening of the main body. Thereby, loosening of the nut is suppressed.

  In the nut of the present invention, the washer is made of, for example, a continuous annular member whose thickness is smaller than the depth of the recess, and a projection is formed by bending a part in the seating surface direction of the main body. Since such a washer is easily deformed by extending in the bolt direction within the recess of the main body according to the fastening of the nut, the loosening of the main body can be more effectively suppressed. In addition, since this washer easily fits in the recess even after deformation, the seat surface of the main body can be brought into direct contact with the surface of the member. Therefore, if this washer is used, the appearance of the abutting portion between the main body and the member is less likely to be damaged, and the protruding amount of the nut from the member surface can be suppressed as compared with the case where a conventional washer is used. Therefore, the space efficiency in the vicinity of the nut mounting portion can also be improved.

  Further, it is usually preferable that the washer is provided with protrusions at regular intervals. This washer can uniformly press the surface of the member and the bolt during deformation, and can generate a greater resistance against the loosening of the main body, so that the loosening of the main body can be more effectively suppressed.

  Furthermore, in the nut of the present invention, for example, the recess and the washer of the main body are formed in an elliptical shape. In this case, in the process of fastening the bolt to the bolt while rotating the main body, the washer incorporated in the recess presses against the member while rotating stably with the main body without rotating idle in the recess, so that each protrusion is stably crushed. Thus, loosening of the main body is stably suppressed.

  Since the nut of the present invention includes the main body and the washer as described above, the effect of preventing loosening can be easily enhanced without depending on the material of the member.

  FIG. 1 shows a nut according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the nut 1 mainly includes a main body 10 and a washer 20.

  The main body 10 is formed in a polygonal shape having a certain thickness as a whole, for example, a quadrangle or a hexagon as shown in the figure, and in the center, in a thickness direction corresponding to a spiral portion of a bolt described later. It has a spiral hole 11 therethrough. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the main body 10 is a recess having a constant depth around the spiral hole 11 on the seat surface 12, that is, the surface that contacts the surface of a member such as a plate-like member described later. 13 is formed. The recess 13 may be formed in various shapes such as a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon when viewed from the seating surface 12 side, but is usually formed in an ellipse as shown in FIG. It is preferable. In general, the depth of the recess 13 is preferably set based on the relationship between the thickness of the main body 10 and the diameter of the spiral hole 11. Specifically, the depth of the recess 13 is preferably set to 0.09 to 0.13 times the thickness of the main body 10 and 0.07 to 0.13 times the diameter of the spiral hole 11. More preferably, the thickness is set to 0.1 to 0.12 times the thickness of the main body 10 and 0.08 to 0.11 times the diameter of the spiral hole 11.

  The washer 20 can be disposed in the recess 13 of the main body 10, is formed in a continuous annular shape having a through hole 21 corresponding to the spiral hole 11 as a center, and the outer periphery is the shape of the recess 13 of the main body 10. , That is, a shape such as a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the washer 20 has an outer periphery formed in an oval shape corresponding to the shape of the recess 13, and when placed in the recess 13, the washer 20 is formed on the inner wall surface 13 a of the recess 13. The size is set such that the outer peripheral portion substantially contacts.

  As shown in FIG. 5 (a perspective view from the direction of arrow V shown in FIG. 4), the washer 20 includes a horizontal portion 22 and a plurality of (four in the drawing) projections 23. The horizontal portion 22 is a portion that becomes a contact surface with the horizontal surface (bottom surface) of the recess 13 when the washer 20 is disposed in the recess 13 of the main body 10. On the other hand, the protrusions 23 are formed at equal intervals in the washer 20 and are formed in an inverted V shape that protrudes from the seat surface 12 when arranged in the recess 13.

  The wall thickness of the washer 20 is usually preferably set to be smaller than the depth of the recess 13. In particular, it is preferably set to be 0.5 to 0.9 times the depth of the recess 13, and more preferably set to be 0.65 to 0.8 times. When the wall thickness is larger than the depth of the recess 13, the washer 20 is sandwiched at the contact portion between the seat surface 12 of the main body 10 and the surface of a member such as a plate-like member described later when the nut 1 is fastened. Therefore, there is a possibility of deteriorating the appearance of the contact portion. Moreover, since the protrusion amount of the nut 1 from the surface of the member is increased by the amount of the washer 20 sandwiched, there is a possibility that the space efficiency is impaired at the mounting portion of the nut 1. Conversely, if the wall thickness is less than 0.5 times the depth of the recess 13, the loosening of the nut 1 may not be effectively suppressed. Each protrusion 23 is set to substantially the same height, and when the washer 20 is disposed in the recess 13, the height is such that at least the top can protrude from the seat surface 12 of the main body 10. Is set. In general, the height of the projection 23 is preferably set to 2.0 to 3.0 times the wall thickness of the washer 20, and more preferably 2.4 to 3.0 times.

  Such a washer 20 is formed by, for example, hollowing a plate material having a predetermined thickness into an elliptical shape and providing a through hole 21 corresponding to the spiral hole 11 at the center of the plate to form an annular body. The part can be manufactured by pushing and pushing upward at equal intervals using a wedge-shaped jig and bending it in an inverted V shape. Alternatively, it can be manufactured by casting a predetermined material into a mold having a predetermined shape.

  The main body 10 and the washer 20 are formed using various metal materials generally used as materials for bolts and nuts, for example, iron, stainless steel, or various alloys. The main body 10 and the washer 20 may be formed using the same material, or may be formed using different materials. For example, the washer 20 may be formed using a material softer than the main body 10, or may be formed using a material harder than the main body 10. However, in general, the washer 20 is made of the same material as that of the main body 10, in particular, the same hardness, in order to facilitate the above-described deformation without deforming the recess 13 of the main body 10 when the nut 1 is tightened. Or what was formed using a slightly softer material than the main body 10 is preferable.

Next, the usage method of the above-mentioned nut 1 is demonstrated.
As shown in FIG. 6, the nut 1 is used, for example, to fix a bolt 40 for laminating and joining two plate-like members 31 and 32. The plate members 31 and 32 are not limited in material, and are made of a material such as a metal material, a resin material, a ceramic material, or a glass material, for example. Further, the plate-like members 31 and 32 may be made of the same material, or may be made of different materials.

  Each plate-like member 31, 32 is formed with a series of through holes 33 for allowing the bolts 40 to pass therethrough. The bolt 40 includes a spiral portion 41 that is a male spiral and a head portion 42 that is integrally provided at one end of the spiral portion 41. The spiral portion 41 is formed sufficiently longer than the total thickness of the two stacked plate-like members 31 and 32. The head portion 42 is generally formed in a polygonal shape (hexagonal shape in the present embodiment) corresponding to the shape of the nut 1 and integrally has a flange portion 43 formed horizontally at the lower end.

  When the two plate-like members 31 and 32 are joined using the bolt 40, the spiral portion 41 of the bolt 40 is inserted into the through-hole 33 so that the flange portion 43 comes into contact with the surface of the plate-like member 31 on one side. . Next, the nut 1 is spirally fixed to the spiral portion 41 by the spiral hole 11 so that the seat surface 12 side of the nut 1 in which the washer 20 is disposed in the recess 13 faces the surface of the other plate-like member 32. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the nut 1 is fastened to the spiral portion 41 using a jig (not shown) such as a wrench so that the seat surface 12 of the main body 10 contacts the surface of the plate-like member 32. . Accordingly, the plate-like members 31 and 32 are fixed by being sandwiched between the flange portion 43 and the seat surface 12 of the nut 1.

  When the nut 1 is tightened, the projections 23 of the washer 20 first come into contact with the surface of the plate-like member 32. Each protrusion 23 is gradually pressed against the plate-like member 32 as the main body 10 moves on the spiral portion 41 while rotating in the direction of the plate-like member 32, and is crushed by the torque of the main body 10. Here, the washer 20 in which the protrusion 23 is crushed extends as a whole in the planar direction and tries to deform, but the deformation in the outward direction is restricted by the inner wall surface 13a of the recess 13, so that the inner direction, that is, It deform | transforms so that it may extend in the spiral part 41 direction of the volt | bolt 40. FIG. As a result, the deformed washer 20 presses the surface of the plate-like member 32 and the spiral portion 41 of the bolt 40 in the recess 13 to generate a resistance force against the loosening of the main body 10. Due to this resistance force, the nut 1 fastened to the bolt 40 is restrained from loosening and can stably fix the plate-like members 31 and 32 over a long period of time even when subjected to the action of vibration or thermal expansion. .

  Here, since the washer 20 used in this embodiment has an oval shape corresponding to the shape of the recess 13, when the body 10 is fastened to the bolt 40, the washer 20 follows the body 10 without spinning freely in the recess 13. Thus, the torque is easily applied when the plate member 32 is pressed against the plate member 32. Accordingly, the plurality of protrusions 23 are easily crushed evenly, thereby stably pressing the surface of the plate-like member 32 and the spiral portion 41 of the bolt 40, so that the loosening of the nut 1 can be easily suppressed. Further, since the washer 20 has the wall thickness and the projection 23 set as described above, even if the projection 23 is crushed and deformed, it fits in the recess 13, so that the seating surface 12 of the main body 10 has a plate shape. It will be in the state contact | abutted directly on the surface of the member 32 (FIG. 7). For this reason, the contact part of the nut 1 and the plate-like member 32 is in a state where the washer 20 is not interposed in appearance, and the appearance is not easily damaged. In addition, the abutting portion is different from the conventional fastening structure in which a washer is interposed between the seat surface 12 and the surface of the plate-like member 32, that is, the nut 1 protrudes from the surface of the plate-like member 32. The distance D (FIG. 7) to the end of the is reduced. Therefore, if the nut 1 is used, the space efficiency in the vicinity of the attaching portion of the nut 1 on the surface side of the plate-like member 32 can be improved.

The nut 1 described above can be modified as follows, for example.
(1) The shape of the main body 10 may be circular. However, the circular main body 10 is preferably formed with a non-slip groove or the like on the surface in order to prevent slipping of the wrench for tightening.
(2) The protrusion 23 of the washer 20 can be set in various shapes. For example, in addition to the inverted V-shape, it can be set to various shapes such as a semicircular shape and a U-shape by using a jig having various shapes or by using a predetermined shape mold. You can also. Further, the projections 23 do not have to be bent, and in the washer 20 made of an annular member whose entire lower surface is horizontally formed, various protuberances with various shapes integrally formed on the upper surface. It may be.
(3) The plurality of protrusions 23 of the washer 20 are stably crushed and deformed when pressed against the plate-like member 32, thereby stably pressing the surface of the plate-like member 32 and the spiral portion 41 of the bolt 40. As long as it can be performed, and it is not always necessary to be provided at equal intervals.

(4) In the above-described embodiment, the washer 20 is formed by a continuous annular member. However, the washer 20 may be a partly discontinuous annular member.
(5) In the above-described embodiment, the nut 1 is used to join the two plate-like members 31 and 32, but the nut 1 has various shapes and forms other than the plate-like members 31 and 32. It can be used similarly in joining and fixing using bolts between members. Moreover, the material joined and fixed using the nut 1 is not limited in material. That is, the nut 1 can be widely used in joining and fixing using bolts between members made of the same or different materials such as a metal material, a resin material, a ceramic material, or a glass material.

[Experimental example]
Two steel plate-like members each having a thickness of 20 mm were stacked, and a series of through-holes having a diameter of 12.5 mm was provided on this. An iron bolt having a diameter and length of 12 mm and 60 mm, respectively, is passed through one end of the through hole, and a nut having a 12 mm diameter spiral hole is attached to the tip side of the spiral part passing through the through hole. Was tightened with a tightening force of 400 kgf · cm, 600 kgf · cm or 800 kgf · cm. The torque wrench used here is a plate-type torque wrench “Tohnichi model 1300F” manufactured by Tohnichi Seisakusho Co., Ltd., which can display an input value on a display. The combinations of nuts and washers used here are as follows.

Combination A :
Use only normal hexagonal nuts (thickness 10 mm, diagonal length of bearing surface 19 mm) (no washers).
Combination B :
A combination of the same hexagonal nut as A and an iron spring washer with a wall thickness of 3 mm and a diameter of 22 mm.
Combination C :
It is the nut 1 which concerns on the above-mentioned embodiment, Comprising: The following conditions.
(Main body 10)
In an iron main body 10 (thickness 10 mm, diagonal length 19 mm), an elliptical recess 13 having a major axis to minor axis ratio of 17:15 (major axis 17 mm, minor axis 15 mm) and a depth of 1.2 mm. What provided.
(Washer 20)
It is formed in an iron ellipse that can be placed in the recess 13 and has a thickness of 0.8 mm and the height of the four protrusions 23 set to 2.0 mm.
Combination D :
In the nut 1 of C, only one protrusion 23 is formed on the washer 20.

  The force (referred to as "resistance force") required to loosen the nut tightened with each tightening force by rotating it in the reverse direction using the same torque wrench as when tightening was measured. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.

  According to Table 1 and FIG. 8, in the case of the combination C using the nut 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the tightening force and the resistance force are substantially the same, and a force substantially equal to or greater than the tightening force is applied to the nut. It can be seen that the nut will not loosen if not added. On the other hand, in the other combinations A, B and D, since the resistance force is smaller than the tightening force, the nut is loosened only by applying a force smaller than the tightening force. From this result, it can be seen that the nut of the present invention has a higher locking effect than the combination of other nuts and washers.

The disassembled perspective view of the nut which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The top view of the main body used in the said nut. III-III sectional drawing of FIG. The top view of the washer used in the said nut. The perspective view which looked at the said washer from the arrow V direction of FIG. Explanatory drawing of how to use the nut. The use state sectional view of the nut. The graph which shows the result of an experiment example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nut 10 Main body 11 Spiral hole 12 Seat surface 13 Recess 20 Washer 23 Protrusion 31, 32 Plate member 40 Bolt

Claims (4)

A nut fastened to a bolt that penetrates the member,
A main body having a spiral hole corresponding to the bolt and having a recess formed on the seating surface around the spiral hole;
A washer that can be placed in the recess,
The washer has a plurality of protrusions that can protrude from the seat surface when placed in the recess and collapse when pressed against the member.
nut.   The said washer consists of a continuous annular member whose wall thickness is smaller than the depth of the said dent, and the said protrusion is formed by bending a part in the said seat surface direction. nut.   The nut according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the protrusions are provided at equal intervals in the washer.   The nut according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the recess and the washer are formed in an elliptical shape.

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