JP2009209540A - Hinge structure of door for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hinge structure of a door for a vehicle, which enables the fixation of the degree of the opening of the door to be set in a multistage manner by a lightweight and inexpensive constitution. <P>SOLUTION: A rubber bush 9 with elasticity is interposed as a rotary bearing in a hinge portion of a door body; a plurality of first mountain portions 9c are formed along a circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the rubber bush 9; and a plurality of second valley portions 10a, which are fitted into the first mountain portions 9c along the circumferential direction, respectively, are formed on the inner peripheral surface of a turning member 10 which is brought into sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rubber bush 9. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a hinge structure for a vehicle door.

Patent Document 1 discloses a technique using a torsion coil spring as means for biasing the door in the opening direction for the purpose of reducing the weight.
JP 2006-281941 A

  However, although the door is urged in the opening direction by the torsion coil spring in the above prior art, there is a problem that the opening degree of the door cannot be set in multiple stages. Further, since the urging force of the torsion coil spring becomes weaker as the door opening degree is larger, the maintenance of the fully open state of the door becomes unstable, and the convenience during getting on and off is impaired. On the other hand, when another mechanism capable of setting the door opening in multiple stages is provided, the weight increases and the cost increases.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a hinge structure for a vehicle door that can set the opening degree of the door in multiple stages with a lightweight and inexpensive configuration.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a bush having elasticity as a rotary bearing is interposed in the hinge portion, and a plurality of convex portions are formed along the circumferential direction on the sliding surface of the bush so that the door is opened and closed. On the sliding surface of the member that is in sliding contact with the sliding surface of the bush, a plurality of concave portions that fit with the convex portions are formed along the circumferential direction.

  Therefore, in the present invention, the opening degree of the door can be set in multiple stages with a simple configuration using a lightweight and inexpensive bush by fitting the convex portions and the concave portions of both sliding surfaces.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for realizing the hinge structure of a vehicle door according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  First, the configuration of the electric vehicle 1 to which the vehicle door hinge structure of the first embodiment is applied will be described. FIGS. 1 and 2 are side views of the electric vehicle 1 of the first embodiment, FIGS. 3 and 4 are perspective views of the electric vehicle 1 of the first embodiment, and FIGS. 1 and 3 show a fully closed state of the door. 2 and 4 are views showing the door fully opened. In FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, only the body frame portion and the wheels are shown for simplification of description.

The electric vehicle 1 of the first embodiment is a one- or two-seater small electric vehicle, and a frame is formed of an aluminum-based member in order to reduce the weight of the vehicle body.
The electric vehicle 1 is provided with a door main body 4 that restricts entry / exit from an entrance / exit 3 provided in the vehicle body 2. The door body 4 is formed of a round bar-shaped aluminum member, the door body 4 is in a fully closed state, and the door body 4 is parallel to the vehicle width direction with respect to the plane of the vehicle body side surface 5 in the vertical and longitudinal directions. It is provided in the shape of a plane that has moved.

  That is, the interior and exterior of the vehicle communicate with each other in the vertical direction across the door body 4, and the door body 4 is formed to have sufficient strength to prevent the driver from falling. The front end of the door body 4 is supported so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction. When the driver gets off, the door body 4 is rotated upward along the side surface 5 of the vehicle body as shown in FIGS. Secure. With this structure, the weight of the door body 4 is reduced to reduce the weight of the vehicle, and since the interior of the vehicle and the exterior of the door body 4 communicate with each other, the amount of rotation of the door body 4 can be reduced.

  A base plate 7 to which a later-described support shaft portion 8 is fixed is provided on the vehicle body side surface 5. The base plate 7 is formed by bending a single aluminum alloy. A hinge portion 6 that supports the door body 4 so as to freely rotate is attached to the base plate 7.

  A door stopper 17 is formed on the base plate 7 obliquely above the support shaft 8. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the door stopper 17 regulates the rotation angle of the door body 4 in the door open state. When the door body 4 is in the door open state, the door body 4 is rotated about 60 degrees upward from the door closed state position.

  In the door closed state, the end of the door body 4 opposite to the hinge 6 side is locked to a substantially U-shaped stopper 18 provided on the vehicle body side. The stopper 18 is set to have a holding force that prevents the door body 4 from opening due to traveling vibration or an accident at a minimum. However, when the door body 4 is opened, the door body 4 is used as the holding force of the stopper 18. By rotating against the rotation, the engagement between the door body 4 and the stopper 18 can be released relatively easily.

Next, the structure of the hinge part 6 is demonstrated. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the hinge portion 6, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the hinge portion 6.
The support shaft portion 8 passes through the base plate 7 and is welded to the base plate 7.
The support shaft portion 8 is formed in a cylindrical shape by, for example, aluminum extrusion molding, and four fitting recesses 8a are provided on the outer periphery thereof at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. In addition, four boss portions 8b are provided on the inner periphery at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Screw holes 8c are formed in these boss portions.

  A rubber bush 9 having elasticity is fixed to the outer periphery of the support shaft 8 by, for example, baking. The rubber bush 9 is formed in a cylindrical shape by, for example, rubber extrusion molding. On the inner periphery of the rubber bush 9, there are provided four fitting convex portions 9 a that fit into the concave portions 8 a provided on the outer periphery of the support shaft portion 8 and restrict relative rotation between the rubber bush 9 and the support shaft portion 8. It has been.

The outer peripheral surface of the rubber bush 9 is formed in a wave shape in which first trough portions 9b and first crest portions (convex portions) 9c are alternately continued at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. The number of the first valleys 9b and the first peaks 9c is 16, and the angle θ formed between the adjacent first peaks 9c, 9c is set to 22.5 degrees.
The rubber bush 9 is formed with a pressing force adjusting hole 9d at the same position in the circumferential direction as the first peak portion 9c and at a position radially inward of the first peak portion 9c. The pressing force adjusting hole 9d adjusts the pressure-bonding force of the first peak portion 9c against the second valley portion 10a.

  The rubber bush 9 is press-fitted into the inner periphery of the rotating member 10 provided at the tip of the door body 4. The rotating member 10 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape by, for example, aluminum extrusion molding, and is fixed to the door body 4 by welding. The inner peripheral surface of the rotating member 10 is formed in a wave shape in which the second valley portions (concave portions) 10a and the second peak portions 10b are alternately continued at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. The number of the 2nd trough part 10a and the 2nd peak part 10b is 16 like the 1st trough part 9b and the 1st peak part 9c.

  Since the outer diameter of the first peak portion 9c of the rubber bush 9 is set to be larger than the inner diameter of the second valley portion 10a of the rotating member 10, the rubber bush 9 and the rotating member 10 rotate relative to each other. At this time, the first peak portion 9c is always in pressure contact with the inner periphery of the rotating member 10. Hereinafter, this pressure contact force is referred to as a pressing force of the first peak portion 9c against the second valley portion 10a.

  Since the outer diameter of the first valley portion 9b of the rubber bush 9 is set to be smaller than the inner diameter of the second peak portion 10b of the rotating member 10, the rubber bush 9 and the rotating member 10 are relatively rotated. A gap is always formed between the first valley portion 9b and the second peak portion 10b.

A holding plate 11 is attached to the tip of the support shaft portion 8. The holding plate 11 prevents the rubber bush 9 and the rotating member 10 from falling off, and is formed in a disk shape having a larger diameter than the rotating member 10. The holding plate 11 is fixed to the support shaft portion 8 by screwing the bolt 12 and the screw hole 8c.
In addition, the hinge part 6 is covered with the cover outside a figure.

Next, the effect of Example 1 is demonstrated.
When the first peak portion 9c of the rubber bush 9 is fitted to the second valley portion 10a of the rotating member 10, the rubber bush 9 rotates with the pressing force of the first peak portion 9c against each second valley portion 10a. A force that restricts relative rotation with the member 10 acts. With the total value of these forces (hereinafter referred to as holding torque), the opening degree of the door body 4 can be maintained against the rotational torque caused by the weight of the door body 4. And since the fitting position of the 1st peak part 9c and the 2nd trough part 10a is set every 22.5 degree | times, the passenger | crew can select the opening degree of the door main body 4 in multiple steps.

The rotational torque due to the weight of the door body 4 is maximum when the door body 4 is parallel to the ground, that is, when the door is fully closed. Therefore, by setting the pressing force of the first peak portion 9c against each second valley portion 10a so as to obtain a holding torque larger than the rotational torque in the door fully closed state, the door body 4 at any door opening degree. The opening degree can be fixed.
If the holding torque is increased too much, the friction at the time of opening and closing the door becomes excessive and imposes an operation burden on the occupant. Therefore, the holding torque is set to a value slightly larger than the rotational torque in the door fully closed state.

  Here, each pressing force can be appropriately set in advance according to the shape, number, and rubber hardness of both. For example, the pressing force can be increased as the outer diameter of the first peak 9c is made longer than the inner diameter of the second valley 10a. The pressing force can be increased as the number of the first peak portions 9c and the second valley portions 10a is increased. Further, the pressing force can be increased as the rubber hardness is increased.

  Further, in Example 1, in addition to the above three methods, the pressing force is adjusted by appropriately setting the shape of the pressing force adjusting hole 9d formed in the rubber bush 9. For example, when the weight of the door main body 4 increases, the mold by which the rubber bush 9 and the rotating member 10 are molded must be created in order to cope with the uneven shape or the increase in the number of the first peak portions 9c. Accompanied by. Moreover, in response to changes in rubber hardness, it is necessary to re-mix the raw materials. On the other hand, the change in the diameter of the pressing force adjusting hole 9d is performed at the time of extrusion molding of the rubber bush 9 and only the design change of the core mold for extrusion molding is required. Can be suppressed.

  When the occupant rotates the door body 4, the contact position of the first peak portion 9 c shifts from the second valley portion 10 a → the second peak portion 10 b → the adjacent second valley portion 10 a of the rotating member 10. At this time, the pressing force of the first peak 9c gradually increases until reaching the top of the second peak 10b, and then decreases. The decrease in the pressing force at this time acts as a pulling force that moves the first peak portion 9c to the second valley portion 10a next, so that the angle of the door body 4 is changed by the first peak portion 9c to the second valley portion 10a. It is easy to maintain the fitting angle, and operability with a sense of moderation is obtained.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for reducing the operation burden when an occupant opens a door by providing a torsion coil spring that biases the door in the opening direction at the hinge portion of the door. Cannot be set in multiple stages. Further, since the urging force of the torsion coil spring becomes weaker as the door opening degree is larger, the maintenance of the fully open state of the door becomes unstable, and the convenience during getting on and off is impaired. On the other hand, when another mechanism capable of setting the door opening in multiple stages is provided, the weight increases and the cost increases.

  On the other hand, in the first embodiment, a rubber bush 9 made of rubber is interposed in the hinge portion 6 as a rotary bearing, and a plurality of first peak portions 9c are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rubber bush 9 along the circumferential direction. Then, a plurality of second valley portions 10 a that fit with the first peak portions 9 c are formed along the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating member 10 that is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rubber bush 9.

  Both the rubber bush 9 and the rotating member 10 can be easily processed by extrusion molding, and the mold cost is also low, so that the manufacturing cost can be kept low. Further, since the rubber bush 9 and the rotating member 10 are essential parts constituting the hinge mechanism, an increase in weight due to the addition of another part capable of setting the door opening in multiple stages can be suppressed. Thereby, the opening fixing of the door main body 4 can be set in multiple stages with a lightweight and inexpensive configuration.

  In Example 1, the outer peripheral surface of the rubber bush 9 has a wave shape in which the first peak portions 9c and the first valley portions 9b are alternately continuous along the circumferential direction, and the inner peripheral surface of the rotating member 10 is The second peak portion 10b and the second valley portion 10a are alternately waved along the direction. Thereby, since the operation reaction force at the time of door opening and closing changes smoothly, a favorable operation feeling can be obtained. Further, since the inner peripheral surface of the rotating member 10 has a wave shape, it functions as a detent for maintaining the first peak portion 9c in the second valley portion 10a, and a moderate operability is obtained.

  At the same position in the circumferential direction as the first peak 9c of the rubber bush 9 and at a position radially inward of the first peak 9c, a pressing force by which the first peak 9c presses the second valley 10a is applied. Since the pressing force adjusting hole 9d to be adjusted is formed, the pressing force of the first peak portion 9c can be adjusted easily and inexpensively. Further, the rubber bush 9 can be reduced in weight.

  The hinge portion 6 is applied to the electric vehicle 1 which is a one- or two-seater micro-mini vehicle. In a one- or two-seater ultra-small electric vehicle like the first embodiment, a small electric motor with low output can be used, and it is possible to travel a long distance with a small battery. By applying the hinge portion 6 of the first embodiment to such an electric vehicle 1 and reducing the weight of the vehicle, the motor can be further downsized and the battery can be downsized, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost. it can.

(Other examples)
The best mode for carrying out the present invention has been described based on the first embodiment. However, the specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment and does not depart from the gist of the present invention. Such design changes are included in the present invention.

  For example, in the first embodiment, the bush is fixed to the supporting shaft portion and the bush and the rotating member are slidably contacted. However, the bush is fixed to the rotating member side, and the bush and the supporting shaft portion are slid. It is good also as a structure to touch. Further, a support shaft portion may be provided on the door side, and a rotating member may be provided on the vehicle body side.

In the first embodiment, the vehicle door hinge structure of the present invention is applied to an electric vehicle. However, the present invention is applicable to a one- or two-seater microminiature vehicle, and the drive source is An internal combustion engine such as an engine may be used. Further, the present invention can be applied to a safety bar or the like provided at the entrance of various vehicles in an amusement park facility or the like, and the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.
Moreover, it is good also considering the number of the convex parts of a bush as a number smaller than the recessed part of a rotation member.

In Example 1, the angle θ formed by adjacent convex portions was set to 22.5 degrees by providing 16 convex portions (first peak portions) and 16 concave portions (second valley portions). Is appropriately set according to the holding torque.
The bush should just have elasticity, for example, you may shape | mold by a synthetic resin.

It is a side view of the door closed state in the electric vehicle 1 of Example 1. FIG. It is a side view of the door open state in the electric vehicle 1 of Example 1. FIG. It is a perspective view of the door closed state in electric vehicle 1 of Example 1. FIG. It is a perspective view of the door open state in electric vehicle 1 of Example 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a configuration of a hinge portion 6 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the hinge portion 6 according to the first embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric vehicle 2 Car body 3 Entrance / exit 4 Door main body 5 Car body side surface 6 Hinge part 7 Base plate 8 Support shaft part 8a Fitting recessed part 8b Boss part 8c Screw hole 9 Bush 9a Fitting convex part 9c Mountain part 9b First trough part 9c First 1 mountain (convex)
9d Pressing force adjusting hole 10 Rotating member 10a Second trough (recess)
10b Second ridge portion 11 Holding plate 12 Bolt 17 Door stopper 18 Stopper

Claims (4)

In the hinge structure of the vehicle door attached to the entrance of the vehicle so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction,
Insert a bush with elasticity as a rotary bearing in the hinge part,
A plurality of convex portions are formed along the circumferential direction on the sliding surface of the bush,
A hinge structure for a vehicle door, wherein a plurality of recesses are formed on a sliding surface of a member that comes into sliding contact with the sliding surface of the bush when the door is opened and closed, and the convex portions are fitted along the circumferential direction. The vehicle door hinge structure according to claim 1,
A hinge structure for a vehicle door, wherein the sliding surfaces have a wave shape in which peaks and valleys are alternately arranged along a circumferential direction. In the hinge structure of the vehicle door according to claim 1 or 2,
A hinge structure for a vehicle door, wherein a pressing force adjusting hole for adjusting a pressing force with which the convex portion presses the concave portion is formed at the same position in the circumferential direction as the convex portion of the bush. The hinge structure of a vehicle door according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A hinge structure for a vehicle door, wherein the vehicle is an ultra-small vehicle.

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