JP2009202085A - Reactor system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reactor system which requires small power consumption and is compact. <P>SOLUTION: The reactor system 1 includes a reactor 2, a storage vessel 3 to store the reactor 2, a supply tube 4 to supply a fluid before the reaction into the reactor 2 from the outside of the storage vessel 3, and a discharging tube 5 to discharge a fluid after the reaction to the outside of the storage vessel 3 from the inside of the reactor 2. The discharging tube 5 has an adsorption layer 6 consisting of a metal to adsorb a gas at a predetermined temperature and formed at least on one part of the outer surface. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a reaction apparatus for reacting and discharging a supplied fluid.

In recent years, with regard to reaction devices for portable devices, by making the inside of a container that accommodates a reactor into a vacuum state, a reaction device that blocks conduction of heat generated during the reaction to the outside and that has low heat loss has been developed. Proposed. In addition, after the reactor is sealed in the storage container, the gas adsorbed on the surface of each part, such as the inner surface of the storage container and the surface of the reactor itself, is released into the storage container. In order to do this, a method of providing a gas adsorbent inside the container has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). This gas adsorbent is heated and activated by a heater.
JP 2007-73408 A

  However, the conventional configuration requires a heater and a lead wire for heating the gas adsorbent, resulting in a problem that power consumption increases.

  The present invention has been completed in view of the above problems in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a reaction apparatus with low power consumption.

  The reaction apparatus of the present invention includes a reactor, a container for housing the reactor, a supply pipe for supplying a fluid before reaction from the outside of the container to the reactor, and the container from within the reactor. A discharge pipe for discharging the fluid after reaction is provided outside the container, and the discharge pipe is provided with an adsorption layer made of metal that adsorbs gas at a predetermined temperature on at least a part of the outer surface.

  In the reaction apparatus of the present invention, preferably, the discharge pipe is connected to a central portion of the reactor in plan view.

  In the reaction apparatus of the present invention, preferably, in the discharge pipe, a portion corresponding to the at least a part of the outer surface has at least one bent portion.

  In the reaction apparatus of the present invention, preferably, in the discharge pipe, a region of the outer surface where the adsorption layer is provided has a rougher surface roughness than other regions.

  In the reaction apparatus of the present invention, preferably, the discharge pipe has a higher thermal conductivity than the supply pipe.

  According to the reaction apparatus of the present invention, a reaction apparatus with low power consumption can be provided.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a reaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the reaction apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment includes a reactor 2, a storage container 3 that accommodates the reactor 2, a supply pipe 4, a discharge pipe 5, and an adsorption layer 6.

  The reactor 2 is provided with a supply pipe 4 for supplying the fluid before the reaction and a discharge pipe 5 for discharging the fluid after the reaction. The storage container 3 is composed of a base plate 3a and a concave lid 3b, and connects the lower surface of the reactor 2 and the upper surface of the base plate 3a of the storage container 3 via a supply pipe 4 and a discharge pipe 5, and further has a concave shape. By sealing the reactor 2 using the lid 3b, the reaction apparatus 1 in which the reactor 2 is hermetically sealed in the container 3 is formed.

  In order to improve the heat insulating property in the storage container 3, it is preferable to evacuate the storage container 3. When sealing the reactor 2, sealing with a brazing material in a vacuum furnace or seam in a vacuum chamber It is better to use the weld method.

The storage container 3 has a role as a container for storing the reactor 2. They may be, for example, a metal material such as SUS, Fe-Ni-Co alloy, Fe-based alloy such as Fe-Ni alloy, oxygen-free copper, or aluminum, or aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ). Sintered body, mullite (3Al ₂ O ₃ .2SiO ₂ ) sintered body, silicon carbide (SiC) sintered body, aluminum nitride (AlN) sintered body, silicon nitride (Si ₃ N ₄ ) sintered It may be formed of a bonded body, a ceramic material such as glass ceramics, or a high heat-resistant resin material such as polyimide.

The glass ceramic applicable to the container 3 is composed of a glass component and a filler component. As the glass component, for example, SiO ₂ —B ₂ O ₃ system, SiO ₂ —B ₂ O ₃ —Al ₂ O ₃ system, SiO ₂ —B ₂ O ₃ —Al ₂ O ₃ —MO system (where M is Ca, Sr, Mg, Ba or Zn), SiO ₂ —Al ₂ O ₃ —M ¹ O—M ² O system (where M ¹ and M ² are the same or different, and Ca, Sr, Mg, Ba or Zn), SiO ₂ —B ₂ O ₃ —Al ₂ O ₃ —M ¹ O—M ² O system (where M ¹ and M ² are the same as above), SiO ₂ —B ₂ O ₃ — M ³ ₂ O system (where M ³ represents Li, Na or K), SiO ₂ —B ₂ O ₃ —Al ₂ O ₃ —M ³ ₂ O system (where M ³ is the same as above) , Pb-based glass, or Bi-based glass.

Examples of the filler component include Al ₂ O ₃ , SiO ₂ , a composite oxide of ZrO ₂ and an alkaline earth metal oxide, a composite oxide of TiO ₂ and an alkaline earth metal oxide, or Al _2. Examples thereof include composite oxides containing at least one selected from O ₃ and SiO ₂ (for example, spinel, mullite, or cordierite).

  On the other hand, when the container 3 is formed of a dense aluminum oxide sintered body having a relative density of 95% or more, for example, first, a rare earth oxide powder, an aluminum oxide powder, or the like is fired on the aluminum oxide powder. A raw material powder for an aluminum oxide sintered body is prepared by adding and mixing a binder. Next, an organic binder and a dispersion medium are added to the raw material powder and mixed to form a paste. This paste is added by a doctor blade method, or an organic binder is added to the raw material powder, and press molding or rolling forming is performed to obtain a predetermined thickness. Make a green sheet. Then, after aligning and laminating and pressing a predetermined number of sheet-shaped molded bodies, the laminated body is fired at a firing maximum temperature of 1200 to 1500 ° C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, for example. A container 3 made of metal is obtained. The container 3 may be molded by a powder molding press method.

  On the other hand, when the container 3 is made of a metal material, it is formed into a predetermined shape by a cutting method, a pressing method, a MIM (Metal Injection Mold) method, or the like.

  Further, when the container 3 is made of a metal material, it is desirable that the surface thereof be subjected to a coating process such as Au or Ni plating or resin coating such as polyimide, in order to prevent corrosion. For example, in the case of Au plating treatment, the thickness is desirably about 0.1 to 5 μm.

  In addition, by covering at least the inner surface of the container 3 with a plating film of Au or Al, it is possible to efficiently prevent the radiant heat generated in the accommodated reactor 2 from being absorbed into the container 3, It becomes possible to suppress the temperature rise of the apparatus 1.

  The container 3 as described above should be thin in order to enable the reactor 1 to be reduced in size and height, but the bending strength, which is mechanical strength, should be 200 MPa or more. preferable.

  Furthermore, the container 3 may be a combination of the different materials described above, or may be a combination of partially different materials.

  When the storage container 3 is, for example, a base plate 3a and a concave lid 3b, the lower surface of the reactor 2 and the upper surface of the base plate 3a of the storage container 3 are connected via the supply pipe 4 and the discharge pipe 5, and further the concave shape By sealing the reactor 2 using the lid 3b, the reaction apparatus 1 in which the reactor 2 is hermetically sealed in the container 3 is formed. As a sealing method, the base plate 3a is joined to the base plate by joining with a metal brazing material or glass material such as Au alloy, Ag alloy, or Al alloy, seam weld method, resistance welding, laser welding, or electron beam welding. A method of attaching the lid 3b to the above is conceivable.

The reactor 2 stored in the storage container 3 has a fine flow path or a gap on which a catalyst or the like is supported, and fluids having different properties are obtained by denaturing, converting, decomposing, or mixing the fluid using the catalyst or the like. It acts as a chemical reaction part for changing to. For example, the reactor 2 is a fuel reformer for a fuel cell used for a mobile phone or the like, which reforms methanol gas (CH ₃ OH) and water vapor into hydrogen gas (H ₂ ) and carbon dioxide gas (CO ₂ ). It may be.

  The shape of the reactor 2 is various. For example, a semiconductor manufacturing technology or the like is applied as a fine chemical device, and the semiconductor 2 is cut into a base material of an inorganic material such as a semiconductor such as silicon, quartz, glass, metal, or ceramics. A liquid channel is created by forming a narrow groove by the method, etching method, blasting method, etc., and a glass plate or a metal cover is anodic bonded and brazed for the purpose of suppressing evaporation of the liquid during operation. In addition, for example, a substantially rectangular shape is used which is used in close contact with the surface by welding or the like. Further, it may be a tube made of an inorganic material such as quartz, glass, metal, or ceramics, and a catalyst is supported on the inner surface thereof. A temperature control mechanism, for example, a thin film heater (not shown) or a thick film heater (not shown) made of a resistance layer or the like is formed in the reactor 2, and an electrode terminal (not shown) for supplying power to the heater is formed on the surface. Are formed). By adjusting the temperature condition of about 100 to 800 ° C. optimal for the reaction of each application by this temperature adjustment mechanism, the fluid supplied from the fluid supply port to which the supply pipe 4 is connected and other fluids necessary for the reaction It is possible to satisfactorily promote a chemical reaction in which another substance is discharged from the discharge pipe 5 connected to the fluid discharge port by reacting with the catalyst via a catalyst or the like.

  Such a heater is arranged in the flow path, the air gap, or the vicinity thereof where the catalyst in the reactor 2 is supported. Thereby, the heat generated from the heater can be efficiently used for various chemical reactions.

  In the reactor 2, the electrode terminals on the reactor 2 are electrically connected to the storage container 3 via bonding wires or lead terminals (not shown). Thereby, the heater formed in the surface and inside of the reactor 2 can be heated through an electrode terminal. As a result, the reaction temperature can be maintained in the reactor 2 and the chemical reaction of the fluid can be stabilized.

The supply pipe 4 and discharge pipe 5, Fe-Ni alloy, Fe-Ni-Co alloy, or a metal material such as SUS, _Al 2 _{O 3} sintered _material, 3Al ₂ O 3 · 2SiO ₂ sintered material, SiC Ceramic materials such as a sintered material, an AlN sintered material, a Si ₃ N ₄ sintered material, or a glass ceramic sintered material, a highly heat-resistant resin material such as polyimide, or glass. Preferably, from the viewpoint of efficiently transferring the heat of the fluid after the reaction to the wall surface, it is preferably made of metal.

  An adsorption layer 6 is provided on at least a part of the surface of the discharge pipe 5. The adsorption layer 6 is made of a chemically active metal powder or the like. As a material of the adsorption layer 6, for example, zirconia (Zr), iron (Fe), vanadium (V) or the like is used as a main component.

When the adsorption layer 6 is activated at a certain temperature using the heat of the high-temperature fluid after the reaction flowing in the discharge pipe 5, the oxide film formed on the surface in the manufacturing process is removed, and a new gas adsorption surface appears. The function of adsorbing gases such as CO, N ₂ , and H ₂ existing in the vicinity is developed. The temperature for activation varies depending on the type of metal powder used. The adsorption layer 6 has a temperature at the time of reaction after the gas adsorbed on the surface of each component such as the inner surface of the container 3 or the surface of the reactor 2 itself is sealed in the container 3. When released as outgas with the influence or the passage of time, the outgas can be adsorbed. The adsorption layer 6 adsorbs a gas at a predetermined temperature that is equal to or higher than a temperature at which activation starts (activation temperature) and can maintain an activated state. This temperature is, for example, in the range of 350 ° C to 900 ° C.

  According to the reactor 1 according to the present embodiment, since the adsorption layer 6 is provided on the outer surface of the discharge pipe 5, the adsorption layer 6 is activated using the heat of the fluid discharged from the reactor 2. Therefore, only a small amount of energy necessary for the activation of the adsorption layer 6 needs to be supplied from the outside or it is not necessary to supply it. Therefore, the power consumption of the reaction apparatus 1 can be reduced. In addition, since the outgas can be efficiently absorbed with a simple configuration, a small reactor 1 can be realized. Furthermore, the activation of the gas adsorption layer 6 can be continued by the heat of the high-temperature fluid after the reaction, and the vacuum state in the container 3 can be maintained for a long time.

  The discharge pipe 5 is preferably made of the same material as that of the adsorption layer 6 from the viewpoint of simplifying the manufacturing process. More preferably, a metal that is the same as or close to the thermal expansion coefficient of the container 3 is used. For example, when connecting to a place where a ceramic material is used in the container 3, an Fe—Ni alloy or Fe— A Ni—Co alloy is preferable because thermal strain can be prevented from occurring due to temperature changes during practical use. In that case, when the discharge pipe 4 and the container 3 and the discharge pipe 4 and the reactor 2 are joined with various brazing materials such as Au—Sn alloy, Au—Si alloy, Au—Ge alloy, or Ag—Cu alloy, Good sealability is obtained and good connection strength is obtained.

  According to the reactor 1 according to the present embodiment, the adsorption layer 6 is preferably provided in the vicinity of the junction of the discharge pipe 5 with the reactor 2. Since the fluid flowing through the discharge pipe 5 is hotter as it is closer to the reactor 2, the adsorption layer 6 is activated earlier and more efficiently. Further, the discharge pipe 5 is preferably connected to the central portion of the reactor 2 in plan view. With such a configuration, since the fluid flowing through the discharge pipe 5 has a higher temperature, the adsorption layer 6 is activated earlier and more efficiently.

  Further, in the reaction apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the discharge pipe 5 preferably has at least one bent portion at a portion corresponding to the outer surface on which the adsorption layer 6 is provided. With such a configuration, the length of the discharge pipe 4 is increased, and as a result, the heat transfer distance from the discharge pipe 4 to the receiving container 3 is increased, so that the temperature of the discharge pipe 5 can be maintained at a high temperature. . Moreover, since the surface area of the discharge pipe 5 with which the adsorption layer 6 contacts increases, the heat required for activation of the adsorption layer 6 can be absorbed efficiently. For example, the discharge pipe 5 is preferably configured to be bent zigzag on a plane parallel to the reactor 2.

  In addition, on the outer surface of the discharge pipe 5, the region where the adsorption layer 6 is provided is preferably formed to have a rougher surface roughness than other regions. Thereby, the adhesiveness of the discharge pipe 5 and the adsorption layer 6 improves. Furthermore, when the surface roughness of the position corresponding to the adsorption layer 6 on the inner surface of the discharge pipe 5 is rough, the contact between the high-temperature fluid after the reaction flowing through the discharge pipe 5 and the inner surface of the discharge pipe 5 at that position. Since the area increases, heat exchange with the adsorption layer 6 is performed more efficiently.

  Further, the discharge pipe 5 should have a higher thermal conductivity than the supply pipe 4. Thereby, since the thermal resistance of the discharge pipe is reduced, the heat transfer efficiency to the adsorption layer 6 is improved. Even when the reaction apparatus 1 is started, the temperature of the discharge pipe 5 is increased quickly, so that the reaction in the adsorption layer 6 is performed efficiently.

  From the above, it is possible to provide a small-sized and low power consumption reaction apparatus 1 without providing an additional space in the arrangement of the adsorption layer 6.

  The discharge pipe 5 may have a heater. Thereby, since the temperature rise of the discharge pipe 5 is assisted even when the reaction apparatus 1 is started up, the preheating of the adsorption layer 6 provided on the surface of the discharge pipe 5 can be performed, and its activation is started up. It can be realized at an early stage. Since the electric power supplied in that case can be made lower than the case where electric power is directly supplied to the adsorption layer 6, the power consumption of the reactor 1 as a whole can be reduced.

  In the reactor 1 according to the present embodiment, the supply pipe 4 and the discharge pipe 5 are arranged on the same side, and the supply pipe 4 and the discharge pipe 5 are arranged at the end of the storage container 3 in plan view. The arrangement of the supply pipe 4 and the discharge pipe 5 may be arbitrary.

  The shapes of the supply pipe 4 and the discharge pipe 5 may be arbitrary, but the discharge pipe 5 has a rectangular cross section perpendicular to the fluid flow direction so that the metal constituting the adsorption layer 6 is easily attached. If it becomes the shape which becomes, it is more preferable.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the example of the above embodiment, A various change may be added in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.

It is sectional drawing which shows the structural example of the reaction apparatus by embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1: Reactor 2: Reactor 3: Container 4: Supply pipe 5: Discharge pipe 6: Adsorption layer

Claims (5)

  A reactor, a container for housing the reactor, a supply pipe for supplying a pre-reaction fluid into the reactor from the outside of the container, and a post-reaction from the reactor to the outside of the container And a discharge pipe for discharging a fluid, wherein the discharge pipe is provided with an adsorption layer made of a metal that adsorbs a gas at a predetermined temperature on at least a part of an outer surface thereof.   The reaction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the discharge pipe is connected to a central portion of the reactor in plan view.   The reaction apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a portion of the discharge pipe corresponding to the at least part of the outer surface has at least one bent portion.   The reaction apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the discharge pipe has an area in which the adsorption layer on the outer surface is provided with a rougher surface than other areas. The reaction apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the discharge pipe has a higher thermal conductivity than the supply pipe.