JP2009190007A - Apparatus for absorbing and discharging carbon dioxide and catalytic reaction apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for absorbing and discharging carbon dioxide in which a reaction rate can be instantly controlled, the energy required for promoting a reaction can be greatly reduced because the reaction is promoted without raising the temperature of the whole absorbent of carbon dioxide, and the volume and cost can be greatly reduced because insulation is not necessary. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus for absorbing and discharging carbon dioxide is equipped with the absorbent 2 of carbon dioxide, a first and a second electrode 1a and 1b installed so as to have the absorbent 2 of carbon dioxide in between and a power source 3 to impress alternating voltage or pulse voltage to the electrodes 1a and 1b. Electric discharge plasma 4 is generated on the surface of or inside the absorbent 2 of carbon dioxide by impressing alternating voltage or pulse voltage to the electrodes 1a and 1b. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide absorption and discharge device and a catalytic reaction device that efficiently discharge carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide absorbent that has absorbed carbon dioxide.

Conventionally, when carbon dioxide is discharged from an absorbent that has absorbed carbon dioxide, it is necessary to heat and heat the temperature of the absorbent to approximately 600 ° C. or more, and there has been a radiation heating method using an electric heater. (Patent Document 1).
JP 2006-340683 A

  In an electric heater that has been used in a conventional carbon dioxide absorption and discharge apparatus, the heat source generates heat in a linear form. For this reason, a device has been devised in which a heating element is made to generate surface heat using a heat transfer plate or the like, and a carbon dioxide absorbent as a heated object is uniformly radiantly heated.

  However, even if a heat transfer plate is used, it takes time for the entire heat transfer plate to reach a uniform temperature due to the thermal conductivity of the heat transfer plate itself. It was difficult to do.

  The carbon dioxide absorbent is an exothermic reaction at the time of discharge, and when discharge is started, the temperature of the carbon dioxide absorbent rises due to self-heating due to self-heating. When the temperature further rises and the absorption reaction starts, the temperature of the carbon dioxide absorbent decreases due to the endothermic reaction, and the absorption reaction stops.

  Generally, the thermal conductivity of a carbon dioxide absorbent using lithium silicate is as small as about 0.3 W / m · K, which is close to that of a heat insulating material. Therefore, the temperature of the carbon dioxide absorbent in the portion in direct contact with the heat transfer plate is increased. However, the carbon dioxide absorbent that is not in direct contact with the heat transfer plate does not rise in temperature, and absorption and discharge proceed simultaneously, making it difficult to make the entire temperature distribution constant.

  Furthermore, when discharging carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide absorbent, the optimal discharge temperature is often limited to a narrow range. Therefore, if the temperature distribution of the carbon dioxide absorbent is not constant as described above, there is a problem that only a part of the carbon dioxide absorbent functions and the carbon dioxide discharge capacity is extremely lowered.

  In addition, the emission reaction has a characteristic that the emission rate of carbon dioxide decreases when the concentration of carbon dioxide around the carbon dioxide absorbent is high. Therefore, when carbon dioxide is discharged, carbon dioxide is discharged by flowing a carrier gas around the carbon dioxide absorbent.

  In this case, since the carrier gas also carries heat, not only carbon dioxide but also heat energy is discharged. Therefore, unless the discharged thermal energy is always supplied, the discharge reaction cannot be performed, and a large amount of thermal energy is lost.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, the reaction rate can be instantaneously controlled, and the energy required for promoting the reaction can be greatly reduced by promoting the reaction without increasing the temperature of the entire carbon dioxide absorbent, It is another object of the present invention to provide a carbon dioxide absorption / exhaust device that eliminates the need for adiabatic treatment of the reactor and can greatly reduce the volume and cost of the device.

The carbon dioxide absorption / discharge device according to the present invention is as follows.
(1) A carbon dioxide absorbent, first and second electrodes arranged so as to sandwich the carbon dioxide absorbent, and a power source for applying an alternating voltage or a pulse voltage to these electrodes are provided. A carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device characterized in that a discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent by applying a voltage or a pulse voltage.
(2) A dielectric container, an electrode pair arranged inside the dielectric container, a carbon dioxide absorbent filled between the electrode pair, and a power source for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage between the electrode pair Carbon dioxide, wherein a discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of a carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrode. Intake / exhaust device.

(3) a dielectric container, a carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container, an electrode disposed so as to sandwich the carbon dioxide absorbent around the dielectric container, and an AC voltage applied to the electrode Alternatively, a power source for applying a pulse voltage is provided, and by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrode, discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container. Carbon dioxide absorption / exhaust device characterized by that.
(4) A dielectric container, a cylindrical electrode disposed inside the dielectric container and having a large number of air holes formed on the surface thereof, and carbon dioxide absorption filled between the dielectric container and the cylindrical electrode An electrode pair disposed so as to sandwich a carbon dioxide absorbent around the dielectric container, and a power source for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the cylindrical electrode and the electrode pair, and the cylindrical electrode And an apparatus for absorbing and discharging carbon dioxide, wherein a discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrodes. .

(5) a dielectric container, a first cylindrical electrode disposed inside the dielectric container and having a plurality of air holes formed on the surface, and between the dielectric container and the first cylindrical electrode. A second cylindrical electrode disposed in a pair with the cylindrical electrode and having a plurality of air holes formed on the surface; a carbon dioxide absorbent filled between the first and second cylindrical containers; A surface of a carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the cylindrical electrode. Or the carbon dioxide absorption-and-discharge apparatus characterized by being the structure which generates discharge plasma inside.
(6) A dielectric container, a first electrode disposed in the dielectric container, and a first electrode disposed in the dielectric container so as to be paired with each other. A second electrode, a carbon dioxide absorbent covered on the surface of the second electrode, and a power source for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage between the first and second electrodes. An apparatus for absorbing and discharging carbon dioxide, characterized in that a discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of a carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container by applying a voltage or a pulse voltage.

(7) A dielectric container, a first electrode disposed inside the dielectric container, and a first electrode disposed inside the dielectric container so as to be paired with each other. A second electrode, a carbon dioxide absorbent covered on the surface of each of the first and second electrodes, and a power source for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage between the first and second electrodes, A carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device configured to generate discharge plasma on the surface or inside of a carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrode .
(8) Dielectric container, first and second electrodes arranged so as to be flush with each other inside the dielectric container, and dioxide covered by the surfaces of these first and second electrodes The dielectric container is filled with a carbon absorbent and a power source for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage between the first and second electrodes, and applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrodes. A carbon dioxide absorption / exhaust device characterized by being configured to generate discharge plasma on or inside a carbon dioxide absorbent.

(9) A dielectric container, a plurality of electrode pairs arranged inside the dielectric container, a carbon dioxide absorbent covered on the surfaces of these electrode pairs, and an AC voltage or a pulse voltage applied to the electrode pairs. A power source to be applied, and by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrode pair, a discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container. Carbon dioxide absorption / exhaust device.
(10) A dielectric container, a plurality of electrodes arranged inside the dielectric container, a carbon dioxide absorbent covered on the surfaces of these electrodes, and an AC voltage or And a power source for applying a pulse voltage, and applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrode to generate discharge plasma on the surface of or inside the carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container. Carbon dioxide absorption / exhaust device characterized by that.

(11) The dielectric container, the first and second electrodes disposed inside the dielectric container, and the first and second electrodes disposed via a discharge gap having a predetermined distance or more. A plurality of layers made of carbon dioxide absorbent, and a power source for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage between the first and second electrodes, by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrodes, A carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device characterized in that discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container.
(12) Dielectric container, first and second electrodes disposed inside the dielectric container, and a carbon dioxide absorbent having a hollow structure disposed between the first and second electrodes And a power source for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage between the first and second electrodes, and filling the inside of the dielectric container by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrodes. A carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device characterized in that a discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent.

  The catalytic reaction apparatus according to the present invention includes a discharge reaction catalyst, first and second electrodes arranged so as to sandwich the discharge reaction catalyst, and a power source for applying an alternating voltage or a pulse voltage to these electrodes, The present invention is characterized in that a discharge plasma is generated on or inside the discharge reaction catalyst by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrode.

In the present invention, since the discharge plasma promotes the reaction by the same electron movement on the surface of the carbon dioxide absorbent as in the high temperature state, the reaction rate can be instantaneously controlled by changing the amount of the discharge plasma. Since the reaction can be promoted without increasing the overall temperature, the energy required for promoting the reaction can be greatly reduced. Moreover, since it is not reaction by heating, the heat insulation process of a reaction apparatus becomes unnecessary and the volume and cost of an apparatus can be reduced significantly.
Furthermore, by discharging carbon dioxide with a vacuum pump without flowing the carrier gas when discharging carbon dioxide, the consumption of the heat energy brought out by the carrier gas can be eliminated and carbon dioxide can be discharged at a high concentration. Increases energy efficiency and facilitates treatment of emitted carbon dioxide.

Hereinafter, the carbon dioxide absorption and discharge apparatus of the present invention will be described in more detail.
The following forms can be adopted for the carbon dioxide absorption and discharge devices of the above (1) to (12).
1) A vacuum pump is provided in the dielectric container, and an AC voltage or a pulse voltage is applied to the electrode or electrode pair to generate a low temperature plasma on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide adsorbent. A carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device configured to recover the generated carbon dioxide together with the exhaust gas from the decompression pump.
2) The dielectric container is provided with a gas inlet through which a carrier gas flows, and by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrode or electrode pair, a discharge plasma is generated on or inside the carbon dioxide adsorbent, A carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device configured to recover carbon dioxide generated from a carbon dioxide adsorbent together with a carrier gas.

3) When plasma is continuously generated, the carbon dioxide absorber is configured to absorb carbon dioxide by using the surface of the carbon dioxide absorbent to shift from the discharge of carbon dioxide to an absorption reaction. Discharging device.
By the way, in general, a carbon dioxide absorbent becomes an exothermic reaction at the time of discharge. In the case of a reaction by heating, if the heat transfer rate is slow, the temperature of the carbon dioxide absorbent rises, and at the same time the exhaust reaction starts, the endothermic reaction causes the The temperature of the carbon absorbent decreases and the reaction stops. Further, when the temperature of the carbon dioxide absorbent rises again, the discharge reaction starts, and absorption and discharge are cyclically repeated, resulting in a problem that the time for discharging becomes long. Thus, such a problem can be solved by adopting the configuration as described in 3) above. The same applies to cases 4) and 5) below.

4) When plasma is generated continuously, before the absorption starts, in order to prevent the carbon dioxide absorbent from moving from the discharge of carbon dioxide to the absorption reaction and deteriorating the absorption efficiency of carbon dioxide on the surface of the carbon dioxide absorbent. A carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device having a function of repeatedly turning on / off the discharge and extinguishing the discharge before shifting to an absorption reaction.
5) Equipped with a carbon dioxide concentration monitor, and the indicated value of the carbon dioxide monitor detects the transition from carbon dioxide emission to absorption reaction on the surface of the carbon dioxide absorbent, extinguishes the discharge, and turns it on again after a certain period of time. And a carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device having a function of efficiently recovering carbon dioxide.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present embodiment is not limited to the following description.
Example 1
Refer to FIG. Reference numerals 1a and 1b in the figure are a pair of first and second electrodes arranged to face each other. A carbon dioxide absorbent 2 is filled between the first and second electrodes 1a and 1b. A power source 3 for applying an alternating voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrodes 1a and 1b is connected to the electrodes 1a and 1b. A discharge plasma 4 is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent 2 by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the 1a and 1b. This discharge plasma 4 promotes the reaction by the same electron movement on the catalyst surface as in the high temperature state. If the plasma temperature is higher than a certain temperature, the carbon dioxide 5 is discharged from the absorbent that has absorbed carbon dioxide. In the case of lithium silicate generally used as the carbon dioxide absorbent 2, if the plasma temperature is heated to about 600 ° C. or higher, the carbon dioxide 5 is discharged from the carbon dioxide absorbent 2.

  According to the carbon dioxide absorption and discharge apparatus according to the first embodiment, the carbon dioxide absorbent 2, the electrodes 1a and 1b arranged so as to sandwich the carbon dioxide absorbent 2, and the AC voltage or pulse applied to the electrodes 1a and 1b. A power source 3 for applying a voltage is provided, and a discharge plasma can be generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent 2 by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrodes 1a and 1b.

  Therefore, since the discharge plasma 4 promotes the reaction by the same electron movement on the carbon dioxide absorbent surface as in the high temperature state, the reaction rate can be instantaneously controlled by changing the discharge plasma amount. Since the reaction can be promoted without increasing the overall temperature, the energy required for promoting the reaction can be greatly reduced. Moreover, since it is not reaction by heating, the heat insulation process of a reaction apparatus becomes unnecessary and the volume and cost of an apparatus can be reduced significantly.

(Example 2)
Please refer to FIG. However, the same members as those in FIG.
Reference numeral 6 in the figure denotes a dielectric container. Inside the dielectric container 6, an electrode pair composed of the first and second electrodes 1a and 1b is arranged. The dielectric container 6 is provided with a gas inlet 8 for introducing the carrier gas 7 into the container. In addition, the number 9 in FIG. 2 is a gas exhaust port.

When the carbon dioxide 5 around the carbon dioxide absorbent 2 reaches a certain concentration or more, the carbon dioxide 5 from the carbon dioxide adsorbent 2 is not discharged. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2, an electrode pair composed of electrodes 1a and 1b is arranged inside a dielectric container 6 through which a carrier gas 7 can flow, and a carbon dioxide absorbent 2 is filled between the electrode pairs. Then, by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage between the electrode pair, discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent 2 filled in the dielectric container, and the carbon dioxide adsorbent 2 The carbon dioxide 5 generated is recovered together with the carrier gas.
According to the carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device according to the second embodiment, by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage between the electrode pairs, discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent 2 filled in the dielectric container. The carbon dioxide 5 generated from the carbon dioxide adsorbent 2 can be recovered together with the carrier gas. Therefore, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

(Example 3)
Please refer to FIG. However, the same members as those in FIG. 1 and FIG.
Compared with the apparatus of FIG. 2, the carbon dioxide absorption and discharge apparatus of Example 3 is that the first and second electrodes 1 a and 1 b are arranged outside the dielectric container 7 and sandwich the carbon dioxide adsorbent 2. The feature is the same as in the case of FIG.
According to the carbon dioxide absorption and discharge apparatus according to the third embodiment, since it is a barrier discharge through a dielectric, local overheating due to contraction of discharge like lightning is reduced even under atmospheric pressure, and the apparatus of the second embodiment The same effect can be obtained.

Example 4
Please refer to FIG. However, the same members as those in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
Reference numeral 10 in the figure is a cylindrical electrode through which the carrier gas 7 flows, and a large number of vent holes 10a are formed on the surface thereof. The carbon dioxide absorbent 2 is filled between the dielectric container 6 and the cylindrical electrode 10. The first and second electrodes 1a and 1b are arranged outside the dielectric container 6 so as to sandwich the carbon dioxide absorbent 2. The power source 3 is electrically connected to the first electrode 1 a and the cylindrical electrode 10.

As shown in FIG. 4, the carbon dioxide absorption / exhaust device of Example 4 is a dielectric container 6 and a cylindrical electrode disposed inside the dielectric container 6 and having a large number of vent holes 10a formed on the surface thereof. 10, the carbon dioxide absorbent 2 filled between the dielectric container 6 and the cylindrical electrode 10, and electrodes 1 a and 1 b disposed so as to sandwich the carbon dioxide absorbent 2 around the dielectric container 6 It has a configuration including a pair and a power source 3 that applies an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the cylindrical electrode 10 and the electrode 1a. Therefore, by applying an alternating voltage or a pulse voltage to the cylindrical electrode 10 and the electrode 1a, discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent 2 filled in the dielectric container, and the carbon dioxide adsorbent 2 More generated carbon dioxide 5 can be recovered together with the carrier gas 7.
According to the carbon dioxide absorption and discharge apparatus according to the fourth embodiment, the carbon dioxide once discharged can be recovered before being adsorbed again, so that the effect of increasing the total amount of carbon dioxide can be obtained as compared with the apparatus of the second embodiment.

(Example 5)
Please refer to FIG. However, the same members as those in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
Reference numeral 11 in the drawing is a first cylindrical electrode that is disposed inside the dielectric container 6 and allows the carrier gas 7 to flow therethrough. A large number of air holes 11 a are formed on the surface of the cylindrical electrode 11. Reference numeral 12 denotes a second cylindrical electrode which is disposed inside the dielectric container 6 and between the first cylindrical electrodes 11 and makes a pair with the cylindrical electrode 11. A large number of ventilation holes 12 a are formed on the surface of the cylindrical electrode 12. The carbon dioxide absorbent 2 is filled between the first cylindrical electrode 11 and the second cylindrical electrode 12. The power source 3 is electrically connected to the first cylindrical electrode 11 and the second cylindrical electrode 12.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device according to the fifth embodiment includes a dielectric container 6 and a first container that is disposed inside the dielectric container 6 and has a large number of air holes 11 a formed on the surface thereof. A cylindrical electrode 11 is arranged between the dielectric container 6 and the first cylindrical electrode 11 so as to be paired with the cylindrical electrode 11 and has a second cylindrical shape having a large number of vent holes 12a formed on the surface. An electrode 12, a carbon dioxide absorbent 2 filled between the first and second cylindrical electrodes 11, 12, and a power source 3 for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the cylindrical electrodes 11, 12; By applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrode 11, 12, a discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent 2 filled in the dielectric container, and the carbon dioxide generated from the carbon dioxide adsorbent 2. Carbon 5 with carrier gas 7 It can be recovered.

  According to the carbon dioxide absorption and discharge apparatus according to the fifth embodiment, since the time for which the once discharged carbon dioxide is in contact with the adsorbent can be further shortened, the amount adsorbed again can be reduced, and the amount of carbon dioxide can be reduced as compared with the apparatus of the fourth embodiment. The effect of increasing the total amount is obtained.

(Example 6)
Please refer to FIG. However, the same members as those in FIG. 1 and FIG.
In the sixth embodiment, the first electrode 1 a and the second electrode 1 b are arranged facing the inside of the dielectric container 6, and the surface of the second electrode 1 b is covered with the carbon dioxide absorbent 13.

As shown in FIG. 6, the carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device of Example 6 is disposed inside the dielectric container 6, the first electrode 1 a disposed inside the dielectric container 6, and the dielectric container 6. The second electrode 1b disposed to face the first electrode 1a, the carbon dioxide absorbent 2 covered on the surface of the second electrode 1b, the first and first electrodes And a power source 3 for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage between the two electrodes 1a and 1b, and applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrodes 1a and 1b, thereby filling the dielectric container with a carbon dioxide absorbent. 2, discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide 5 generated from the carbon dioxide adsorbent 2 can be recovered together with the carrier gas 7.
According to the carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device according to the sixth embodiment, the same effect as the device of the second embodiment can be obtained.

(Example 7)
Please refer to FIG. However, the same members as those in FIGS. 1, 2 and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
In the seventh embodiment, the first electrode 1a and the second electrode 1b are disposed to face the inside of the dielectric container 6, and the surfaces of the first electrode 1a and the second electrode 1b are both carbon dioxide absorbents. 13 is covered. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the sixth embodiment.
According to the carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device according to the seventh embodiment, the same effect as the device of the second embodiment can be obtained.

(Example 8)
Please refer to FIG. However, the same members as those in FIGS. 1, 2 and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
In the eighth embodiment, the first electrode 1a and the second electrode 1b are arranged on the bottom of the dielectric container 6 so as to be flush with each other. The surfaces of the first electrode 1 a and the second electrode 1 b are covered with a carbon dioxide absorbent 13. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the sixth embodiment.
According to the carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device according to the eighth embodiment, the same effect as the device of the second embodiment can be obtained.

Example 9
Please refer to FIG. However, the same members as those in FIG. 1 and FIG.
In the ninth embodiment, a plurality of electrodes 14 a, 14 b, 14 c and 14 d are arranged inside the dielectric container 6, and the surfaces of these electrodes 14 a to 14 d are covered with the carbon dioxide absorbent 13. The electrodes 14a and 14c and the electrodes 14b and 14d constitute electrode pairs, respectively, and an AC voltage or a pulse voltage is applied from the power source 3 to each electrode constituting each electrode pair.

In Example 9, by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage from the power source 3 to the electrodes 14a and 14c and the electrodes 14b and 14d constituting the electrode pair, the carbon dioxide absorbent 2 filled in the dielectric container A discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside, and the carbon dioxide 5 generated from the carbon dioxide adsorbent 2 can be recovered together with the carrier gas 7.
According to the carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device according to the ninth embodiment, the same effect as the device of the second embodiment can be obtained.

(Example 10)
Please refer to FIG. However, the same members as those in FIGS. 1, 2, and 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
In the tenth embodiment, a plurality of electrodes 14 a, 14 b, 14 c and 14 d are arranged inside the dielectric container 6, and the surfaces of these electrodes 14 a to 14 d are covered with the carbon dioxide absorbent 13. Among the electrodes 14a to 14d, an AC voltage or a pulse voltage is applied to the outermost electrodes 14a and 14d by the power source 3.
According to the carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device according to the tenth embodiment, the same effect as the device of the second embodiment can be obtained.

Example 11
Please refer to FIG. However, the same members as those in FIG. 1 and FIG.
Reference numerals 15a, 15b, 15c, and 15d in the figure are layers made of a carbon dioxide absorbent disposed between the first electrode 1a and the second electrode 1b with a discharge gap of a certain level or more. Of the plurality of layers 15a to 15d, the layer 15a is coated on the inner surface (lower surface) of the first electrode 1a, and the layer 15d is coated on the inner surface (upper surface) of the second electrode 1b.

In the carbon dioxide absorption / exhaust device having such a configuration, by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the first electrode 1a and the second electrode 1b by the power source 3, discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent. The carbon dioxide 5 generated from the carbon dioxide adsorbent can be recovered together with the carrier gas 7.
According to the carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device according to the eleventh embodiment, the same effect as the device of the second embodiment can be obtained.

Example 12
Please refer to FIG. However, the same members as those in FIG. 1 and FIG.
Reference numeral 16 in the drawing is a block body made of a carbon dioxide absorbent having a hollow structure, which is disposed between the first electrode 1a and the second electrode 1b. As this block body 16, for example, a hollow foam or pumice is used as shown in FIG. In addition, the number 17 in FIG. 13 shows a communicating hole. Further, as shown in FIG. 14, a rectangular (or cylindrical) block body in which a cylindrical ventilation hole 18 is formed may be used.

In the carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device having such a configuration, an AC voltage or a pulse voltage is applied to the first electrode 1 a and the second electrode 1 b by the power source 3, so that the surface or inside of the block body 16 made of the carbon dioxide absorbent is applied. A discharge plasma is generated, and the carbon dioxide 5 generated from the carbon dioxide adsorbent can be recovered together with the carrier gas 7.
According to the carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device according to the twelfth embodiment, the same effect as the device of the second embodiment can be obtained.

(Example 13)
Refer to FIG. However, the same members as those in FIG.
Reference numeral 19 in the figure indicates a decompression pump connected to the dielectric container 6 via a carbon dioxide concentration monitor 20.
In the carbon dioxide absorption and discharge apparatus having such a configuration, a low temperature plasma (non-equilibrium plasma) is applied to the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent by applying an alternating voltage or a pulse voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode facing each other by a power source. ) And the decompression pump 19 is operated, so that the carbon dioxide 5 generated from the carbon dioxide adsorbent can be recovered together with the carrier gas 7.

  According to the carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device according to the thirteenth embodiment, the same effects as the device of the second embodiment can be obtained. Further, it is detected from the indication value of the carbon dioxide concentration monitor 20 that the surface of the carbon dioxide absorbent has shifted from the discharge of carbon dioxide to the adsorption reaction, the discharge is extinguished, and the light is turned on again after a certain time, thereby Can be efficiently recovered.

  In the thirteenth embodiment, the case where the carrier gas is introduced into the dielectric container has been described. However, the carbon dioxide can be discharged by the decompression pump without flowing the carrier gas when the carbon dioxide is discharged. In this case, the consumption of the thermal energy brought out by the carrier gas is eliminated, and at the same time, carbon dioxide can be discharged at a high concentration, so that the efficiency of the thermal energy can be improved and the discharged carbon dioxide can be easily treated.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as it is, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. Further, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, you may combine suitably the component covering different embodiment. Specifically, in the above embodiment, the case where a carbon dioxide absorbent is used has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a catalyst that reacts by discharge, for example, BaTiO ₃ can be used.

Explanatory drawing of the carbon dioxide absorption-and-discharge apparatus which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the carbon dioxide absorption-and-discharge apparatus which concerns on Example 2 of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the carbon dioxide absorption-and-discharge apparatus which concerns on Example 3 of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the carbon dioxide absorption-and-discharge apparatus which concerns on Example 4 of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the carbon dioxide absorption-and-discharge apparatus which concerns on Example 5 of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the carbon dioxide absorption-and-discharge apparatus which concerns on Example 6 of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the carbon dioxide absorption-and-discharge apparatus which concerns on Example 7 of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the carbon dioxide absorption-and-discharge apparatus which concerns on Example 8 of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the carbon dioxide absorption-and-discharge apparatus which concerns on Example 9 of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the carbon dioxide absorption-and-discharge apparatus which concerns on Example 10 of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the carbon dioxide absorption-and-discharge apparatus which concerns on Example 11 of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the carbon dioxide absorption-and-discharge apparatus which concerns on Example 12 of this invention. The perspective view which shows an example of the block body which is one structure of the carbon dioxide absorption / extraction apparatus of FIG. The perspective view which shows an example of the block body different from FIG. Explanatory drawing of the carbon dioxide absorption-and-discharge apparatus which concerns on Example 13 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a, 1b, 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d ... Electrode, 2 ... Carbon dioxide absorber, 3 ... Power supply, 4 ... Discharge plasma, 5 ... Carbon dioxide, 6 ... Dielectric container, 7 ... Carrier gas, 8 ... Gas introduction 9, gas outlet, 10, 11, 12, cylindrical electrode, 10 a, 11 a, 17, 18, vent hole, 15 a, 15 b, 15 c, 15 d, layer made of carbon dioxide absorbent, 16, carbon dioxide absorption Block body made of agent, 19 ... decompression pump, 20 ... carbon dioxide concentration monitor.

Claims (18)

A carbon dioxide absorbent, first and second electrodes arranged so as to sandwich the carbon dioxide absorbent, and a power source for applying an alternating voltage or a pulse voltage to these electrodes, the alternating voltage or pulse being applied to the electrode A carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device characterized in that a discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent by applying a voltage. A dielectric container, an electrode pair disposed inside the dielectric container, a carbon dioxide absorbent filled between the electrode pair, and a power source for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage between the electrode pair, A carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device configured to generate discharge plasma on the surface or inside of a carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrode . A dielectric container, a carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container, an electrode disposed so as to sandwich the carbon dioxide absorbent around the dielectric container, and an AC voltage or a pulse voltage applied to the electrode Is characterized in that a discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrode. Carbon dioxide absorption and discharge device. A dielectric container, a cylindrical electrode disposed inside the dielectric container and having a large number of air holes formed on the surface thereof, a carbon dioxide absorbent filled between the dielectric container and the cylindrical electrode, An electrode pair disposed so as to sandwich a carbon dioxide absorbent around the dielectric container; and a power source for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the cylindrical electrode and the electrode pair, and the cylindrical electrode and the electrode A carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device characterized in that a discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container by applying an alternating voltage or a pulse voltage. A dielectric container, a first cylindrical electrode disposed inside the dielectric container and having a plurality of air holes formed on a surface thereof, and the cylindrical shape between the dielectric container and the first cylindrical electrode; A second cylindrical electrode disposed in a pair with the electrode and having a plurality of air holes formed on the surface; a carbon dioxide absorbent filled between the first and second cylindrical containers; and the cylinder A power source for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the cylindrical electrode, and applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the cylindrical electrode, so that the surface of or inside the carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container. A carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device characterized by being configured to generate discharge plasma. A dielectric container, a first electrode disposed inside the dielectric container, and a second electrode disposed inside the dielectric container so as to be paired with the first electrode. Electrode, a carbon dioxide absorbent covered on the surface of the second electrode, and a power source for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage between the first and second electrodes, the AC voltage or pulse being applied to the electrode. A carbon dioxide absorption / exhaust device characterized in that a discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of a carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container by applying a voltage. A dielectric container, a first electrode disposed inside the dielectric container, and a second electrode disposed inside the dielectric container so as to be paired with the first electrode. Electrode, a carbon dioxide absorbent covered on the surface of each of the first and second electrodes, and a power source for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage between the first and second electrodes. A carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device characterized in that a discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container by applying an alternating voltage or a pulse voltage. Dielectric container, first and second electrodes arranged so as to be flush with each other inside the dielectric container, and carbon dioxide absorbent covered on the surfaces of these first and second electrodes And a power source for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage between the first and second electrodes, and applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrodes to absorb carbon dioxide filled in the dielectric container. A carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device characterized in that discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the agent. Dielectric container, a plurality of electrode pairs arranged inside the dielectric container, a carbon dioxide absorbent covered on the surfaces of these electrode pairs, and a power source for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrode pairs And by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrode pair, a discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container. Carbon dioxide absorption and discharge device. A dielectric container, a plurality of electrodes arranged inside the dielectric container, a carbon dioxide absorbent covered on the surfaces of these electrodes, and an AC voltage or a pulse voltage applied to the electrodes arranged on the outermost side A power source to be applied, and by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrode, a discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide absorbent filled in the dielectric container. Carbon dioxide absorption and discharge device. Dielectric container, first and second electrodes disposed inside the dielectric container, and a dioxide dioxide disposed between the first and second electrodes via a discharge gap of a certain distance or more. A plurality of layers made of a carbon absorbent, and a power source for applying an alternating voltage or a pulse voltage between the first and second electrodes, and applying the alternating voltage or the pulse voltage to the electrodes, A carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device characterized in that discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of a carbon dioxide absorbent filled in a container. A block made of a dielectric container, first and second electrodes disposed inside the dielectric container, and a carbon dioxide absorbent having a hollow structure disposed between the first and second electrodes Body and a power source for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage between the first and second electrodes, and applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrodes makes it possible to fill the inside of the dielectric container with the dioxide dioxide. A carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device characterized in that discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of a carbon absorbent. The dielectric container is provided with a vacuum pump, and by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrode or electrode pair, a low-temperature plasma is generated on or inside the carbon dioxide adsorbent and generated from the carbon dioxide adsorbent. The carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the carbon dioxide is recovered together with exhaust gas from the decompression pump. The dielectric container is provided with a gas introduction port for flowing a carrier gas, and by applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to the electrode or electrode pair, a discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the carbon dioxide adsorbent, and carbon dioxide The carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the carbon dioxide generated from the adsorbent is collected together with a carrier gas. When the plasma is generated continuously, the carbon dioxide absorbent absorbs carbon dioxide by utilizing the transition from the discharge of carbon dioxide to the absorption reaction on the surface of the carbon dioxide absorbent. The carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device according to any one of claims 1 to 14. If plasma is generated continuously, the discharge of carbon dioxide on the surface of the carbon dioxide absorbent will be shifted from the discharge of carbon dioxide to the absorption reaction, and the absorption efficiency of carbon dioxide will be deteriorated. The carbon dioxide absorption / exhaust device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the device has a function of repeatedly turning on / off and extinguishing a discharge before shifting to an absorption reaction. Equipped with a carbon dioxide concentration monitor, and the indicated value of the carbon dioxide monitor detects the transition from carbon dioxide emission to the absorption reaction on the surface of the carbon dioxide absorbent, extinguishes the discharge, turns it on again after a certain time, The carbon dioxide intake / exhaust device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the device has a function of efficiently recovering carbon dioxide. A discharge reaction catalyst; first and second electrodes arranged so as to sandwich the discharge reaction catalyst; and a power source for applying an AC voltage or a pulse voltage to these electrodes. The AC voltage or the pulse voltage is applied to the electrodes. A catalytic reaction apparatus characterized in that, when applied, discharge plasma is generated on the surface or inside of the discharge reaction catalyst.

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