JP2009186981A - Line head and image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide technology achieving an improvement in the mold releasability of a lens array formed with a plurality of lenses on a surface of a light transmissive substrate. <P>SOLUTION: A line head includes a head substrate on which a plurality of light emitting element group rows formed by aligning a plurality of light emitting groups obtained by grouping a plurality of light emitting elements in a first direction are arranged in a second direction orthogonal or nearly orthogonal to the first direction, and the lens array provided with a lens for each light emitting element group. In a cross section of the lens including the optical axis of an imaging optical system, a curvature of the lens at an outer peripheral portion includes a sign opposite to that of the lens on the optical axis or includes a smaller absolute value than the curvature of the lens on the optical axis. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a line head including a lens array in which a first lens and a second lens are arranged in a first direction of a light-transmitting substrate, and an image forming apparatus using the line head.

  As such a line head, there is a line head that provides a single lens for a plurality of light emitting elements and forms an image of light from the light emitting elements with the lens to expose an image surface such as a latent image carrier surface. Are known. For example, in the line head described in Patent Document 1, a plurality of light emitting element groups obtained by grouping a plurality of light emitting elements (corresponding to a plurality of light emitting diodes provided in the light emitting diode element array in the same patent document) are arranged in the longitudinal direction. It has been. In the lens array, a lens is provided for each light emitting element group, and the light emitting element group emits a light beam toward the lens.

Japanese Patent No. 2801835 JP 2005-276849 A

  By the way, for the purpose of higher-definition exposure operation and the like, a plurality of light emitting element groups are arranged in the longitudinal direction (first direction) to form a light emitting element group row, and the plurality of light emitting element group rows are arranged in the width direction (second direction). ) Can be used. That is, in this line head, the light emitting element groups are two-dimensionally arranged. Corresponding to the arrangement of the light emitting element groups, the lenses are also two-dimensionally arranged in the lens array. As a result, the lens array has a two-dimensional uneven shape.

  However, in producing a lens array having a two-dimensional uneven shape as described above, the following problems may occur. That is, the lens array can be created using a so-called mold in which concave portions are formed according to the lens shape. More specifically, in Patent Document 2, for example, the concave portion is filled with the photocurable resin while the glass substrate and the mold (the mold 112 of the same document) are in contact with each other, and the photocurable resin is irradiated by light irradiation. By hardening, a lens is formed on the glass substrate. When the photocurable resin is hardened, the mold is released from the lens and the glass substrate (release). Through such a process, a lens array provided with a plurality of lenses is formed. On the other hand, when the lens array has a two-dimensional uneven shape, the lens array is not properly separated from the mold when the mold is released, and the releasability of the lens array is deteriorated. There was a case.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a technique capable of improving the releasability of a lens array in which a plurality of lenses are formed on the surface of a light-transmitting substrate.

  In the line head according to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, a lens array in which a first lens and a second lens are arranged in a first direction of a light-transmitting substrate, and a light emitting element are arranged in the first direction. The first lens is a cross-section in the first direction including the optical axis of the imaging optical system constituted by the first lens, and the curvature of the outer periphery of the first lens is that of the first lens. It has a sign opposite to the curvature on the optical axis, or has an absolute value smaller than the curvature on the optical axis of the first lens.

  In order to achieve the above object, an image forming apparatus according to the present invention has a lens array in which a first lens and a second lens are arranged in a first direction of a light-transmitting substrate, and a light emitting element is arranged in the first direction. An exposure unit having the light emitting element substrate formed, a latent image carrier on which a latent image is formed by the exposure unit, and development for developing the latent image formed on the latent image carrier, and the first lens is The curvature of the outer periphery of the first lens has a sign opposite to that of the curvature on the optical axis of the first lens in the cross section in the first direction including the optical axis of the imaging optical system composed of the first lens, or The first lens has an absolute value smaller than the curvature on the optical axis of the first lens.

  In the invention configured as described above, the lens array includes a first lens and a second lens. These lenses are arranged side by side in the first direction on the surface of the light-transmitting substrate. The surface of the first lens is configured as follows. That is, in the cross section in the first direction including the optical axis of the imaging optical system constituted by the first lens, the curvature of the outer peripheral portion of the lens surface has a sign opposite to the curvature on the optical axis of the lens, or the lens The absolute value is smaller than the curvature on the optical axis. Therefore, the tangential angle at the outer periphery of the lens is kept small, and each lens has a shape that is easily separated from the mold. As a result, the releasability of the lens array can be improved.

  Further, the surface of the second lens may be configured as follows. That is, in the cross section, the curvature of the outer peripheral portion of the second lens has a sign opposite to the curvature on the optical axis of the second lens, or has an absolute value smaller than the curvature on the optical axis of the second lens. Yes.

  In addition, for the purpose of higher-definition exposure operation or the like, a third lens arranged side by side with the first lens in a direction different from the first direction may be formed. In this case, it is desirable to configure the surfaces of the first lens and the third lens as follows. That is, in the second cross section in the second direction including the optical axis of the first lens, the curvature of the outer periphery of the first lens has a sign opposite to the curvature on the optical axis of the first lens, or of the first lens In the third section having an absolute value smaller than the curvature on the optical axis and including the optical axis of the third lens parallel to the second section, the curvature of the outer peripheral portion of the third lens is on the optical axis of the third lens. Or an absolute value smaller than the curvature on the optical axis of the third lens.

  In addition, in order to obtain the lens array described above, the first lens is

の関係を有するレンズ面を有するように構成してもよい。また、第２レンズが第１レンズと同じ形状のレンズ面を有してもよく、これによりレンズ構成を簡素化することができる。

You may comprise so that it may have the lens surface which has the relationship of these. In addition, the second lens may have a lens surface having the same shape as the first lens, thereby simplifying the lens configuration.

  The first lens may be configured such that the lens shape in the cross section and the lens shape in the second cross section in the second direction including the optical axis of the first lens are different. When the lens is configured in this way, the configuration of the lens can be appropriately adjusted between the cross section and the second cross section.

  Further, the first lens may be configured to be a rotationally symmetric lens having the optical axis as a rotationally symmetric axis. This is because the lens configuration can be simplified.

  The light emitting element substrate may include a light emitting element row in which the light emitting elements are arranged in the first direction.

  In addition, it is particularly preferable to apply the present invention to a line head in which the light emitting element is an organic EL element. That is, when the organic EL element is used as the light emitting element, the light amount of the light emitting element is less than that when the LED or the like is used. This is especially true when a bottom emission type organic EL element is used as a light emitting element. Therefore, it may be necessary to increase the lens diameter in order to capture sufficient light into the lens. However, by increasing the lens diameter, the above-described releasability may be deteriorated. On the other hand, when the present invention is applied, the tangential angle in the lens outer peripheral portion is suppressed to be small, and each lens has a shape that is easily separated from the mold. As a result, it is possible to improve the releasability of the lens array even when the lens diameter is increased.

  Hereinafter, terms used in the present specification will be described first (see “A. Explanation of Terms”). Following the explanation of this term, the basic configuration of the image forming apparatus equipped with the line head to which the present invention is applied (see “B. Basic Configuration”), and the basic operation of the line head (“C. (Refer to “Operation” section). Then, following the description of these basic configurations and basic operations, the configuration required for the lens array of the line head according to the present embodiment (see “D. Configuration Required for Lens Array”) will be described. A configuration of the lens array in the embodiment of the invention (see “E. Configuration of Lens Array in the Embodiment”) will be described.

A. Explanation of Terms FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are explanatory diagrams of terms used in this specification. Here, the terms used in this specification will be organized using these drawings. In this specification, the transport direction of the surface (image surface IP) of the photosensitive drum 21 is defined as a sub-scanning direction SD, and a direction orthogonal or substantially orthogonal to the sub-scanning direction SD is defined as a main scanning direction MD. . The line head 29 is arranged with respect to the surface (image surface IP) of the photosensitive drum 21 so that the longitudinal direction LGD corresponds to the main scanning direction MD and the width direction LTD corresponds to the sub-scanning direction SD. Has been.

  A set of a plurality of (eight in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2) light emitting elements 2951 arranged on the head substrate 293 in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of lenses LS included in the lens array 299 is defined as a light emitting element group 295. To do. That is, in the head substrate 293, the light emitting element group 295 including the plurality of light emitting elements 2951 is disposed for each of the plurality of lenses LS. A set of a plurality of spots SP formed on the image plane IP by the light beam from the light emitting element group 295 being imaged by the lens LS corresponding to the light emitting element group 295 is defined as a spot group SG. That is, the plurality of spot groups SG can be formed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of light emitting element groups 295. In each spot group SG, the most upstream spot in the main scanning direction MD and the sub-scanning direction SD is particularly defined as the first spot. The light emitting element 2951 corresponding to the first spot is particularly defined as the first light emitting element.

  Further, as shown in the column “on image plane” in FIG. 2, a spot group row SGR and a spot group column SGC are defined. That is, a plurality of spot groups SG arranged in the main scanning direction MD are defined as spot group rows SGR. The plurality of spot group rows SGR are arranged side by side in the sub-scanning direction SD at a predetermined spot group row pitch Psgr. A plurality (three in the figure) of spot groups SG arranged at the spot group row pitch Psgr in the sub-scanning direction SD and at the spot group pitch Psg in the main scanning direction MD are defined as a spot group column SGC. The spot group row pitch Psgr is a distance in the sub-scanning direction SD between the geometric centroids of two spot group rows SGR adjacent to each other in the sub-scanning direction SD. The spot group pitch Psg is the distance in the main scanning direction MD of the geometric centroids of two spot groups SG adjacent to each other in the main scanning direction MD.

  Lens rows LSR and lens columns LSC are defined as shown in the “lens array” column of FIG. That is, a plurality of lenses LS arranged in the longitudinal direction LGD are defined as a lens row LSR. The plurality of lens rows LSR are arranged side by side in the width direction LTD at a predetermined lens row pitch Plsr. A plurality (three in the figure) of lenses LS arranged at the lens row pitch Plsr in the width direction LTD and at the lens pitch Pls in the longitudinal direction LGD are defined as a lens row LSC. The lens row pitch Plsr is a distance in the width direction LTD of the geometric centroids of two lens rows LSR adjacent to each other in the width direction LTD. The lens pitch Pls is a distance in the longitudinal direction LGD between the geometric centroids of the two lenses LS adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction LGD.

  As shown in the column “Head Substrate” in the drawing, a light emitting element group row 295R and a light emitting element group column 295C are defined. That is, a plurality of light emitting element groups 295 arranged in the longitudinal direction LGD is defined as a light emitting element group row 295R. The plurality of light emitting element group rows 295R are arranged side by side in the width direction LTD at a predetermined light emitting element group row pitch Pegr. In addition, a plurality of (three in the figure) light emitting element groups 295 arranged at the light emitting element group row pitch Pegr in the width direction LTD and at the light emitting element group pitch Peg in the longitudinal direction LGD are defined as a light emitting element group column 295C. The light emitting element group row pitch Pegr is a distance in the width direction LTD between the geometric centroids of two light emitting element group rows 295R adjacent to each other in the width direction LTD. The light emitting element group pitch Peg is the distance in the longitudinal direction LGD between the geometric centers of gravity of two light emitting element groups 295 adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction LGD.

  As shown in the “light emitting element group” column of FIG. 2, a light emitting element row 2951R and a light emitting element column 2951C are defined. That is, in each light emitting element group 295, a plurality of light emitting elements 2951 arranged in the longitudinal direction LGD is defined as a light emitting element row 2951R. The plurality of light emitting element rows 2951R are arranged side by side in the width direction LTD at a predetermined light emitting element row pitch Pelr. A plurality of (two in the figure) light emitting elements 2951 arranged in the width direction LTD at the light emitting element row pitch Pelr and at the longitudinal direction LGD in the longitudinal direction LGD are defined as a light emitting element row 2951C. The light emitting element row pitch Pelr is a distance in the width direction LTD of the geometric centroids of two light emitting element rows 2951R adjacent to each other in the width direction LTD. The light emitting element pitch Pel is a distance in the longitudinal direction LGD between the geometric centroids of two light emitting elements 2951 adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction LGD.

  As shown in the column “Spot Group” in the figure, a spot row SPR and a spot column SPC are defined. That is, in each spot group SG, a plurality of spots SP arranged in the longitudinal direction LGD are defined as spot rows SPR. The plurality of spot rows SPR are arranged side by side in the width direction LTD at a predetermined spot row pitch Pspr. Further, a plurality of (two in the figure) spots arranged at the spot pitch Pspr in the width direction LTD and at the spot pitch Psp in the longitudinal direction LGD are defined as a spot row SPC. The spot row pitch Pspr is a distance in the sub-scanning direction SD between the geometric centroids of two spot rows SPR adjacent to each other in the sub-scanning direction SD. The spot pitch Psp is a distance in the longitudinal direction LGD between the geometric centroids of two spots SP adjacent to each other in the main scanning direction MD.

B. Basic Configuration FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of an image forming apparatus equipped with a line head to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an electrical configuration of the image forming apparatus of FIG. This apparatus uses a color mode in which four color toners of black (K), cyan (C), magenta (M), and yellow (Y) are superimposed to form a color image, and only black (K) toner. Thus, the image forming apparatus can selectively execute a monochrome mode for forming a monochrome image. FIG. 3 is a diagram corresponding to the execution of the color mode. In this image forming apparatus, when an image forming command is given from an external device such as a host computer to a main controller MC having a CPU, a memory, etc., the main controller MC gives a control signal to the engine controller EC and also outputs an image forming command. Corresponding video data VD is supplied to the head controller HC. The head controller HC controls the line head 29 for each color based on the video data VD from the main controller MC, the vertical synchronization signal Vsync from the engine controller EC, and parameter values. As a result, the engine unit EG executes a predetermined image forming operation, and forms an image corresponding to the image forming command on a sheet such as copy paper, transfer paper, paper, and an OHP transparent sheet.

  An electrical component box 5 containing a power circuit board, a main controller MC, an engine controller EC, and a head controller HC is provided in the housing main body 3 of the image forming apparatus. An image forming unit 7, a transfer belt unit 8, and a paper feed unit 11 are also disposed in the housing body 3. In FIG. 3, a secondary transfer unit 12, a fixing unit 13, and a sheet guide member 15 are disposed on the right side in the housing body 3. The paper feeding unit 11 is configured to be detachable from the apparatus main body 1. The paper feed unit 11 and the transfer belt unit 8 can be removed and repaired or exchanged.

  The image forming unit 7 includes four image forming stations Y (for yellow), M (for magenta), C (for cyan), and K (for black) that form a plurality of images of different colors. Each of the image forming stations Y, M, C, and K is provided with a cylindrical photosensitive drum 21 having a surface with a predetermined length in the main scanning direction MD. Each of the image forming stations Y, M, C, and K forms a corresponding color toner image on the surface of the photosensitive drum 21. The photosensitive drum is arranged so that the axial direction is substantially parallel to the main scanning direction MD. Each photosensitive drum 21 is connected to a dedicated drive motor and is driven to rotate at a predetermined speed in the direction of arrow D21 in the figure. As a result, the surface of the photosensitive drum 21 is conveyed in the sub-scanning direction SD that is orthogonal or substantially orthogonal to the main scanning direction MD. A charging unit 23, a line head 29, a developing unit 25, and a photoconductor cleaner 27 are disposed around the photoconductive drum 21 along the rotation direction. Then, a charging operation, a latent image forming operation, and a toner developing operation are executed by these functional units. Therefore, when the color mode is executed, the toner images formed at all the image forming stations Y, M, C, and K are superimposed on the transfer belt 81 of the transfer belt unit 8 to form a color image, and the monochrome mode is executed. In some cases, a monochrome image is formed using only the toner image formed at the image forming station K. In FIG. 3, the image forming stations of the image forming unit 7 have the same configuration, and therefore, for convenience of illustration, only some image forming stations are denoted by reference numerals, and the other image forming stations are omitted. .

  The charging unit 23 includes a charging roller whose surface is made of elastic rubber. The charging roller is configured to rotate in contact with the surface of the photosensitive drum 21 at the charging position, and at a peripheral speed in the driven direction with respect to the photosensitive drum 21 as the photosensitive drum 21 rotates. Followed rotation. The charging roller is connected to a charging bias generator (not shown). The charging roller is supplied with the charging bias from the charging bias generator and is charged at the charging position where the charging unit 23 and the photosensitive drum 21 come into contact with each other. The surface of 21 is charged.

  The line head 29 is disposed with respect to the photosensitive drum 21 such that the longitudinal direction thereof corresponds to the main scanning direction MD and the width direction thereof corresponds to the sub-scanning direction SD. Is substantially parallel to the main scanning direction MD. The line head 29 includes a plurality of light emitting elements arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction, and is spaced apart from the photosensitive drum 21. Then, light is emitted from these light emitting elements to the surface of the photosensitive drum 21 charged by the charging unit 23, and an electrostatic latent image is formed on the surface.

  The developing unit 25 has a developing roller 251 on which toner is carried. The charged toner is developed at a developing position where the developing roller 251 and the photosensitive drum 21 come into contact with each other by a developing bias applied to the developing roller 251 from a developing bias generator (not shown) electrically connected to the developing roller 251. Is moved from the developing roller 251 to the photosensitive drum 21, and the electrostatic latent image formed by the line head 29 becomes obvious.

  The toner image that has been made visible at the developing position in this way is conveyed in the rotational direction D21 of the photosensitive drum 21, and then a primary transfer position TR1 at which each of the photosensitive drums 21 comes into contact with the transfer belt 81, which will be described in detail later. 1 is primarily transferred to the transfer belt 81.

  In this embodiment, the photosensitive drum cleaner 27 is provided in contact with the surface of the photosensitive drum 21 on the downstream side of the primary transfer position TR1 in the rotational direction D21 of the photosensitive drum 21 and on the upstream side of the charging unit 23. It has been. The photoconductor cleaner 27 abuts on the surface of the photoconductor drum to clean and remove toner remaining on the surface of the photoconductor drum 21 after the primary transfer.

  The transfer belt unit 8 includes a driving roller 82, a driven roller 83 (blade facing roller) disposed on the left side of the driving roller 82 in FIG. 3, and a stretched direction of these rollers in the direction of the arrow D81 (conveying direction). And a transfer belt 81 that is driven to circulate. Further, the transfer belt unit 8 is disposed on the inner side of the transfer belt 81 so as to be opposed to each of the photosensitive drums 21 included in the image forming stations Y, M, C, and K when the photosensitive cartridge is mounted. Four primary transfer rollers 85Y, 85M, 85C, and 85K are provided. Each of these primary transfer rollers 85 is electrically connected to a primary transfer bias generator (not shown). As will be described in detail later, when the color mode is executed, as shown in FIG. 3, all the primary transfer rollers 85Y, 85M, 85C, 85K are positioned on the image forming stations Y, M, C, K side. Then, the transfer belt 81 is pushed and brought into contact with the photosensitive drums 21 included in the image forming stations Y, M, C, and K, so that the primary transfer position TR1 is set between each photosensitive drum 21 and the transfer belt 81. Form. Then, by applying a primary transfer bias from the primary transfer bias generator to the primary transfer roller 85 at an appropriate timing, the toner images formed on the surfaces of the photosensitive drums 21 correspond respectively. A color image is formed by transferring to the surface of the transfer belt 81 at the primary transfer position TR1.

  On the other hand, when the monochrome mode is executed, among the four primary transfer rollers 85, the color primary transfer rollers 85Y, 85M, and 85C are separated from the image forming stations Y, M, and C facing each other, and the monochrome primary transfer is performed. By bringing only the roller 85K into contact with the image forming station K, only the monochrome image forming station K is brought into contact with the transfer belt 81. As a result, the primary transfer position TR1 is formed only between the monochrome primary transfer roller 85K and the image forming station K. Then, by applying a primary transfer bias from the primary transfer bias generator to the monochrome primary transfer roller 85K at an appropriate timing, the toner image formed on the surface of each photosensitive drum 21 is transferred to the primary transfer position. In TR1, the image is transferred to the surface of the transfer belt 81 to form a monochrome image.

  Further, the transfer belt unit 8 includes a downstream guide roller 86 disposed on the downstream side of the monochrome primary transfer roller 85K and on the upstream side of the driving roller 82. Further, the downstream guide roller 86 is formed between the primary transfer roller 85K and the photosensitive drum 21 at the primary transfer position TR1 formed by the monochrome primary transfer roller 85K contacting the photosensitive drum 21 of the image forming station K. It is configured to contact the transfer belt 81 on a common inscribed line.

  The driving roller 82 circulates and drives the transfer belt 81 in the direction of the arrow D81 in the figure, and also serves as a backup roller for the secondary transfer roller 121. A rubber layer having a thickness of about 3 mm and a volume resistivity of 1000 kΩ · cm or less is formed on the peripheral surface of the driving roller 82, and secondary transfer is omitted by grounding through a metal shaft. The conductive path of the secondary transfer bias supplied from the bias generation unit via the secondary transfer roller 121 is used. When the rubber layer having high friction and shock absorption is provided on the driving roller 82 in this way, the sheet enters the contact portion (secondary transfer position TR2) between the driving roller 82 and the secondary transfer roller 121. Is difficult to be transmitted to the transfer belt 81, and image quality deterioration can be prevented.

  The sheet feeding unit 11 includes a sheet feeding unit having a sheet feeding cassette 77 capable of stacking and holding sheets and a pickup roller 79 that feeds sheets one by one from the sheet feeding cassette 77. The sheet fed from the sheet feeding unit by the pickup roller 79 is fed to the secondary transfer position TR2 along the sheet guide member 15 after the sheet feeding timing is adjusted by the registration roller pair 80.

  The secondary transfer roller 121 is provided so as to be able to come into contact with and separate from the transfer belt 81 and is driven to come into contact with and separate from a secondary transfer roller drive mechanism (not shown). The fixing unit 13 includes a heating roller 131 that includes a heating element such as a halogen heater and is rotatable, and a pressure unit 132 that presses and biases the heating roller 131. Then, the sheet on which the image is secondarily transferred is guided to a nip portion formed by the heating roller 131 and the pressure belt 1323 of the pressure portion 132 by the sheet guide member 15, and in the nip portion, a predetermined value is provided. The image is heat-fixed at temperature. The pressure unit 132 includes two rollers 1321 and 1322 and a pressure belt 1323 stretched between them. A nip portion formed by the heating roller 131 and the pressure belt 1323 by pressing the belt tension surface stretched by the two rollers 1321 and 1322 against the peripheral surface of the heating roller 131 among the surfaces of the pressure belt 1323. Is configured to be widely taken. Further, the sheet thus subjected to the fixing process is conveyed to a paper discharge tray 4 provided on the upper surface of the housing body 3.

  Further, in this apparatus, a cleaner portion 71 is disposed to face the blade facing roller 83. The cleaner unit 71 includes a cleaner blade 711 and a waste toner box 713. The cleaner blade 711 removes foreign matters such as toner and paper dust remaining on the transfer belt after the secondary transfer by bringing the tip of the cleaner blade 711 into contact with the blade facing roller 83 via the transfer belt 81. The foreign matter removed in this way is collected in a waste toner box 713. Further, the cleaner blade 711 and the waste toner box 713 are integrally formed with the blade facing roller 83. Therefore, when the blade facing roller 83 moves as will be described below, the cleaner blade 711 and the waste toner box 713 also move together with the blade facing roller 83.

  FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an outline of the line head according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view in the width direction of the line head shown in FIG. As described above, the line head 29 is disposed with respect to the photosensitive drum 21 such that the longitudinal direction LGD corresponds to the main scanning direction MD and the width direction LTD corresponds to the sub-scanning direction SD. The longitudinal direction LGD and the width direction LTD are orthogonal or substantially orthogonal to each other. As will be described later, in the line head 29, a plurality of light emitting elements are formed on the head substrate 293, and each light emitting element emits a light beam toward the surface of the photosensitive drum 21. Therefore, in this specification, a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction LGD and the width direction LTD and directed from the light emitting element to the surface of the photosensitive drum is defined as a light beam traveling direction Doa. The traveling direction Doa of the light beam is parallel or substantially parallel to an optical axis OA described later.

  The line head 29 includes a case 291, and positioning pins 2911 and screw insertion holes 2912 are provided at both ends of the case 291 in the longitudinal direction LGD. Then, the positioning pin 2911 covers the photosensitive drum 21 and is fitted into a positioning hole (not shown) formed in a photosensitive cover (not shown) positioned with respect to the photosensitive drum 21, thereby The head 29 is positioned with respect to the photosensitive drum 21. Further, the line head 29 is positioned and fixed with respect to the photosensitive drum 21 by screwing and fixing a fixing screw into a screw hole (not shown) of the photosensitive member cover through the screw insertion hole 2912.

  Inside the case 291, a head substrate 293, a light shielding member 297, and two lens arrays 299 (299A, 299B) are arranged. The inside of the case 291 is in contact with the front surface 293-h of the head substrate 293, while the back cover 2913 is in contact with the back surface 293-t of the head substrate 293. The back cover 2913 is pressed into the case 291 through the head substrate 293 by the fixing device 2914. That is, the fixing device 2914 has an elastic force that presses the back cover 2913 toward the inside of the case 291 (upper side in FIG. 6), and the back cover is pressed by the elastic force, so that the inside of the case 291 is It is hermetically sealed (in other words, light does not leak from the inside of the case 291 and light does not enter from the outside of the case 291). Note that a plurality of fixing devices 2914 are provided in the longitudinal direction LGD of the case 291.

  A light emitting element group 295 in which a plurality of light emitting elements are grouped is provided on the back surface 293-t of the head substrate 293. The head substrate 293 is formed of a light transmissive member such as glass, and the light beam emitted from each light emitting element of the light emitting element group 295 can be transmitted from the back surface 293-t of the head substrate 293 to the front surface 293-h. is there. This light emitting element is a bottom emission type organic EL (Electro-Luminescence) element and is covered with a sealing member 294. Details of the arrangement of the light emitting elements on the back surface 293-t of the head substrate 293 are as follows.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of the back surface of the head substrate, which corresponds to the case where the back surface is viewed from the front surface of the head substrate. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of a light emitting element group provided on the back surface of the head substrate. In FIG. 7, the lens LS is indicated by a two-dot chain line. This is for indicating that the light emitting element groups 295 are provided in one-to-one relationship with the lens LS. It does not indicate that it is arranged on the back surface of the head substrate. As shown in FIG. 7, the light emitting element group 295 is configured by grouping eight light emitting elements 2951. In each light emitting element group 295, eight light emitting elements 2951 are arranged as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, in the light emitting element group 295, four light emitting elements 2951 are arranged along the longitudinal direction LGD to form a light emitting element row 2951R, and two light emitting element rows 2951R are arranged in the width direction LTD. Are arranged side by side with the light emitting element row pitch Pelr. The light emitting element rows 2951R are shifted from each other in the longitudinal direction LGD, and the positions of the light emitting elements 2951 in the longitudinal direction LGD are different from each other. The thus configured light emitting element group 295 has a longitudinal light emitting element group width W295gm in the longitudinal direction LGD, a width light emitting element group width W295gs in the width direction LTD, and a longitudinal light emitting element group width W295gm. Is larger than the width light emitting element group width W295gs.

  In addition, on the back surface 293-t of the head substrate 293, a plurality of light emitting element groups 295 configured as described above are arranged. That is, a plurality of light emitting element group columns 295C in which three light emitting element groups 295 are arranged at different positions in the width direction LTD are arranged along the longitudinal direction LGD. In other words, a plurality of light emitting element groups 295 are arranged in the longitudinal direction LGD to form a light emitting element group row 295R, and three light emitting element group rows 295R are provided in the width direction LTD. The light emitting element group rows 295R are arranged so as to be shifted from each other in the longitudinal direction LGD, and the positions PTE of the light emitting element groups 295 in the longitudinal direction LGD are different from each other. As described above, in the present embodiment, the plurality of light emitting element groups 295 are two-dimensionally arranged on the head substrate 293. In the drawing, the position of the light emitting element group 295 is represented by the center of gravity of the light emitting element group 295, and the position PTE in the longitudinal direction LGD of the light emitting element group 295 is the longitudinal axis from the position of the light emitting element group 295. It is represented by a vertical leg down to LGD.

  Thus, each light emitting element 2951 formed on the head substrate 293 emits light beams having the same wavelength, for example, driven by a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) circuit or the like. The light emitting surface of the light emitting element 2951 is a so-called perfect diffusion surface light source, and the light beam emitted from the light emitting surface follows Lambert's cosine law.

  Returning to FIG. 5 and FIG. A light shielding member 297 is disposed in contact with the surface 293-h of the head substrate 293. The light shielding member 297 is provided with light guide holes 2971 for each of the plurality of light emitting element groups 295 (in other words, a plurality of light guide holes 2971 are provided one-on-one with respect to the plurality of light emitting element groups 295. ) Each light guide hole 2971 is formed in the light shielding member 297 as a substantially cylindrical hole penetrating in the light beam traveling direction Doa. Two lens arrays 299 are arranged in the light beam traveling direction Doa on the upper side of the light shielding member 297 (on the opposite side of the head substrate 293).

  As described above, the light shielding member 297 provided with the light guide hole 2971 for each light emitting element group 295 is arranged between the light emitting element group 295 and the lens array 299 in the traveling direction of the light beam Doa. Accordingly, the light beam emitted from the light emitting element group 295 passes through the light guide hole 2971 corresponding to the light emitting element group 295 and travels toward the lens array 299. In other words, among the light beams emitted from the light emitting element group 295, the light beam directed to other than the light guide hole 2971 corresponding to the light emitting element group 295 is shielded by the light shielding member 297. Thus, all the light emitted from one light emitting element group 295 is directed to the lens array 299 through the same light guide hole 2971, and interference between light beams emitted from different light emitting element groups 295 is prevented by the light shielding member 297. ing.

  FIG. 9 is a plan view of the lens array, which corresponds to a case where the lens array is viewed from the image plane side (upper side in FIG. 6). In the lens array 299, a lens LS is provided for each light emitting element group 295. That is, as shown in the figure, in the lens array 299, a plurality of lens rows LSC made up of three lenses LS arranged at different positions in the width direction LTD are arranged in the longitudinal direction LTD. In other words, in the lens array 299, a plurality of lenses LS are arranged in the longitudinal direction LGD to form a lens row LSR, and three lens rows LSR are provided in the width direction LTD. The lens rows LSR are arranged so as to be shifted from each other in the longitudinal direction LGD, and the positions PTL of the lenses LS in the longitudinal direction LGD are different from each other. Thus, in the lens array 299, the plurality of lenses LS are two-dimensionally arranged. In the figure, the position of the lens LS is represented by the center of the lens surface LSF of the lens LS, and the position PTL of the lens LS in the longitudinal direction LGD is lowered from the center of the lens LS to the longitudinal axis LGD. It is represented by a vertical foot.

  FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of the lens array, the head substrate, and the like, and shows a longitudinal sectional view including the optical axis of the lens LS formed in the lens array. The lens array 299 has a front surface 299-h and a back surface 299-t, and a lens LS is formed for each light emitting element group 295 on the front surface 299-h. Therefore, on the surface 299-h, there are a portion having the lens LS formed and having a finite curvature, and a flat end PL having an infinite curvature without forming the lens LS. The lens array 299 is formed by a method described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-276849. That is, a mold having a concave portion corresponding to the shape of the lens LS is brought into contact with a light-transmitting substrate as the lens substrate 2991. For example, a glass substrate can be used as the light transmissive substrate. A photocurable resin is filled between the mold and the light transmissive substrate. When the light curable resin is irradiated with light, the light constituting resin is cured and a lens LS is formed on the light transmissive substrate. And when a photocurable resin hardens | cures and a lens is formed, a metal mold | die will be released. In this way, the lens array 299 can be formed using a mold.

  In the line head 29, two lens arrays 299 having such a configuration are arranged side by side in the traveling direction Doa of the light beam (299A, 299B), and two lenses LS1, LS2 aligned in the traveling direction Doa of the light. Is arranged for each light emitting element group 295 (FIGS. 5, 6, and 10). Also, the optical axis OA (the two-dot chain line in FIG. 10) passing through the center of each of the first lens LS1 and the second lens LS2 corresponding to the same light emitting element group 295 is orthogonal to or substantially the back surface 293-t of the head substrate 293. Orthogonal. Here, the lens LS of the line head 299A upstream of the light beam traveling direction Doa is the first lens LS1, and the lens LS of the line head 299A downstream of the light beam traveling direction Doa is the second lens LS2. . Thus, in this embodiment, since the plurality of lens arrays 299 are arranged in the light beam traveling direction Doa, the degree of freedom in optical design can be improved.

  Although not shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a diaphragm plate 298 is provided between the lens arrays 299A and 299B in the light beam traveling direction Doa. The diaphragm plate 298 has a diaphragm aperture. 2981 is formed for each light emitting element group 295. In the diaphragm plate 298, the diaphragm aperture 2981 and its peripheral portion are referred to as “diaphragm 2982”. That is, the diaphragm 2982 is provided for each light emitting element group 295.

  As described above, the line head 29 includes the imaging optical system having the first and second lenses LS 1 and LS 2 and the diaphragm 2982. Therefore, the light beam emitted from the light emitting element group 295 passes through the first lens LS1, and is then narrowed by the diaphragm 2982 (diaphragm plate 298) to enter the second lens LS2. Thus, the light beam is imaged by the first and second lenses LS1, LS2, and a spot SP is formed on the surface (image surface) of the photosensitive drum. On the other hand, as described above, the surface of the photosensitive drum is charged by the charging unit 23 prior to spot formation. Therefore, the area where the spot SP is formed is neutralized, and the spot latent image Lsp is formed. The spot latent image Lsp thus formed is conveyed downstream in the sub-scanning direction SD while being carried on the surface of the photosensitive drum. Then, as will be described in the next section “C. Basic operation”, the spots SP are formed at a timing corresponding to the movement of the surface of the photosensitive drum, and a plurality of spot latent images Lsp aligned in the main scanning direction MD are formed. Is done.

C. Basic Operation FIG. 11 is a perspective view for explaining spots formed by the line head. In FIG. 11, the description of the lens array 299 is omitted. As shown in FIG. 11, each light emitting element group 295 can form spot groups SG in different exposure regions ER in the main scanning direction MD. Here, the spot group SG is a set of a plurality of spots SP formed by simultaneously emitting light from all the light emitting elements 2951 of the light emitting element group 295. As shown in the drawing, the three light emitting element groups 295 capable of forming the spot group SG in the exposure region ER continuous in the main scanning direction MD are arranged so as to be shifted from each other in the width direction LTD. That is, for example, three light emitting element groups 295_1, 295_2, 295_3 capable of forming spot groups SG_1, SG_2, SG_3 in the exposure regions ER_1, ER_2, ER_3 continuous in the main scanning direction MD are mutually in the width direction LTD. They are staggered. These three light emitting element groups 295 constitute a light emitting element group column 295C, and a plurality of light emitting element group columns 295C are arranged along the longitudinal direction LGD. As a result, as described in the description of FIG. 7, the three light emitting element group rows 295R_A, 295R_B, and 295R_C are arranged in the width direction LTD, and the light emitting element group rows 295R_A and the like are mutually connected in the sub scanning direction SD. Spot groups SG are formed at different positions.

  That is, in the line head 29, the plurality of light emitting element groups 295 (for example, the light emitting element groups 295_1, 295_2, and 295_3) are arranged at different positions in the width direction LTD. Then, the light emitting element groups 295 arranged at different positions in the width direction LTD form spot groups SG (for example, spot groups SG_1, SG_2, SG_3) at different positions in the sub-scanning direction SD.

  In other words, in the line head 29, a plurality of light emitting elements 2951 are arranged at different positions in the width direction LTD (for example, the light emitting elements 2951 belonging to the light emitting element group 295_1 and the light emitting elements belonging to the light emitting element group 295_2). 2951 are arranged at different positions in the width direction LTD). The light emitting elements 2951 arranged at different positions in the width direction LTD form spots SP at different positions in the sub-scanning direction LTD (for example, the spots SP belonging to the spot group SG_1 and the spot group SG_2). The spots SP are formed at different positions in the sub-scanning direction SD).

  As described above, the formation position of the spot SP in the sub-scanning direction SD differs depending on the light emitting element 2951. Therefore, in order to form a plurality of spot latent images Lsp side by side in the main scanning direction MD (that is, to form a plurality of spot latent images Lsp at the same position in the sub-scanning direction SD), It is necessary to consider the difference. Therefore, in the line head 29, each light emitting element 2951 emits light at a timing according to the movement of the surface of the photosensitive drum.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a spot forming operation by the above-described line head. Hereinafter, the spot forming operation by the line head will be described with reference to FIG. 7, FIG. 11, and FIG. Schematically, the surface of the photosensitive drum (latent image carrier surface) moves in the sub-scanning direction SD, and the head control module 54 (FIG. 4) controls the light emitting element 2951 at a timing according to the movement of the photosensitive drum surface. By emitting light, a plurality of spot latent images Lsp arranged in the main scanning direction MD are formed.

  First, among the light emitting element rows 2951R (FIG. 11) belonging to the most upstream light emitting element group 295_1, 295A4, etc. in the width direction LTD, the light emitting element rows 2951R on the downstream side in the width direction LTD are caused to emit light. The plurality of light beams emitted by the light emission operation are imaged by the lens LS, and a spot SP is formed on the surface of the photosensitive drum. Note that the lens LS has an inverted characteristic, and the light beam from the light emitting element 2951 is inverted to form an image. Thus, the spot latent image Lsp is formed at the position of the “first” hatching pattern in FIG. In the figure, a white circle represents a spot latent image that has not yet been formed and is scheduled to be formed in the future. In the same figure, the spot latent images labeled with reference numerals 295_1 to 295_4 indicate spot latent images formed by the light emitting element groups 295 corresponding to the reference numerals assigned thereto.

  Next, among the light emitting element rows 2951R belonging to the light emitting element groups 295_1, 295A4, etc., the light emitting element row 2951R on the upstream side in the width direction LTD is caused to emit light. The plurality of light beams emitted by the light emission operation are imaged by the lens LS, and a spot SP is formed on the surface of the photosensitive drum. Thus, the spot latent image Lsp is formed at the position of the “second” hatching pattern in FIG. Here, the reason why light is emitted in order from the light emitting element row 2951R on the downstream side in the width direction LTD is to correspond to the fact that the lens LS has an inverted characteristic.

  Next, among the light emitting element rows 2951R belonging to the second light emitting element group 295_2 and the like from the upstream side in the width direction, the light emitting element rows 2951R on the downstream side in the width direction LTD are caused to emit light. The plurality of light beams emitted by the light emission operation are imaged by the lens LS, and a spot SP is formed on the surface of the photosensitive drum. Thus, the spot latent image Lsp is formed at the position of the “third” hatching pattern in FIG.

  Next, among the light emitting element rows 2951R belonging to the second light emitting element group 295_2 and the like from the upstream side in the width direction, the light emitting element rows 2951R on the upstream side in the width direction LTD are caused to emit light. The plurality of light beams emitted by the light emission operation are imaged by the lens LS, and a spot SP is formed on the surface of the photosensitive drum. Thus, the spot latent image Lsp is formed at the position of the “fourth” hatching pattern in FIG.

  Next, among the light emitting element rows 2951R belonging to the third light emitting element group 295_3 and the like from the upstream side in the width direction, the light emitting element rows 2951R on the downstream side in the width direction LTD are caused to emit light. The plurality of light beams emitted by the light emission operation are imaged by the lens LS, and a spot SP is formed on the surface of the photosensitive drum. Thus, the spot latent image Lsp is formed at the position of the “fifth” hatching pattern in FIG.

  Finally, among the light emitting element rows 2951R belonging to the third light emitting element group 295_3 from the upstream side in the width direction, the light emitting element row 2951R on the upstream side in the width direction LTD is caused to emit light. The plurality of light beams emitted by the light emission operation are imaged by the lens LS, and a spot SP is formed on the surface of the photosensitive drum. Thus, the spot latent image Lsp is formed at the position of the “sixth” hatching pattern in FIG. As described above, by executing the first to sixth light emission operations, the spot SP is formed in order from the spot SP on the upstream side in the sub-scanning direction SD, and a plurality of spot latent images Lsp aligned in the main scanning direction MD. Is formed.

D. Configuration Required for Lens Array As described above, in the lens array 299, a plurality of lenses LS are two-dimensionally arranged. Therefore, a configuration required for such a lens array 299 will be considered. As generally known, from the influence of light diffraction, the diameter a at which the Airy disk intensity becomes zero is expressed by the following equation:
a = 1.22 × λ / NAimg
= 1.22 × λ / sin (θ) Equation 1
It depends on. Here, λ is the wavelength of the light beam, NAimg is the image-side numerical aperture, and θ is the aperture angle (half angle). Therefore, the spot SP on the image plane is thickened due to the influence of diffraction in addition to the shape of the light emitting element 2951 as the light source and the shape determined from the aberration of the optical system. According to this equation 1, when the aperture angle (half angle) is 8 [°] and the wavelength is 630 [nm], the spot SP is about 5.5 [μm] thick. This is a resolution of 1200 dpi (dots
per inch), which corresponds to 25% or more of the pixel pitch (in other words, the pitch between adjacent spot latent images Lsp). Therefore, from the viewpoint of performing high-resolution optical writing, it is desirable that the influence of diffraction on the spot shape does not increase any more. That is, it is preferable to suppress the spot SP from being thickened by diffraction by making the image side opening angle (half angle) larger than about 8 [°].

The line head 29 is used in the vicinity of the image surface (irradiated surface). In order to avoid problems such as component interference and discharge, the minimum clearance S (the distance between the line head 29 and the image surface) is used. Interval) is required. When the image side telecentric optical system is employed so that the writing position fluctuation (fluctuation of the position of the spot SP on the surface of the photosensitive drum) is not easily caused by the fluctuation of the clearance S caused by the shake of the surface of the photosensitive drum 21 or the like. Wlpm ≧ 2 × S × tan (θ) × m / (m−1) Equation 2
Need to be met. Here, m is the number of lens rows LSR (number of rows). Wlpm is the width in the main scanning direction MD (longitudinal direction LGD) of the light beam passage region LP on the final surface of the optical system. The optical system final surface is the optical surface closest to the non-image surface. In the optical system shown in FIG. 10, the lens surface of the second lens LS2 corresponds to the optical system final surface. Further, the light beam passage region LP is a range through which the light beam passes on the optical surface of interest. The derivation of Equation 2 will be described later.

When manufacturing an actual lens array, surface accuracy tends to be difficult in the vicinity of the lens outer periphery. Therefore, it is desirable that the lens diameter DM is a size in which a margin of about several tens [μm] is given to the light passage region width LP. Here, if the lens diameter margin is α, the lens diameter DMm (main scanning lens diameter DMm) in the main scanning direction MD (longitudinal direction LGD) is expressed by the following equation:
DMm = Wlpm + α Equation 3
Given in. Furthermore, in order to suppress interference between adjacent lenses LS in the lens array 299, the width Wsgm (main scanning spot group width Wsgm) of the spot group SG in the main scanning direction MD is set to the main scanning lens diameter DMm. ,
Wsgm> DMm / m Equation 4
Must be set within the range defined in Therefore, assuming that the image-side aperture angle θ is 8 [°], the clearance S is 1 [mm], and the lens diameter margin α is 0.1 [mm], the lens diameter and the main scanning spot group width. Wsgm is as follows. That is, when the number of lens rows LSR is m = 2, it is necessary that DMm> 0.66 [mm] and Wsgm> DMm / 2 = 0.33 [mm]. When the number of lens rows LSR is m = 3, DMm> 0.52 [mm] and Wsgm> DMm / 3 = 0.173 [mm] are required. When the number of lens rows LSR is m = 4, DMm> 0.47 [mm] and Wsgm> DMm / 4 = 0.175 [mm] are required. Thus, the lens array 299 needs to have a configuration in which lenses having a lens diameter of about 0.5 mm or more are two-dimensionally arranged.

  Here, Equation 2 is derived. Equation 2 is derived from the relationship that the spot group and the lens diameter should satisfy. Therefore, after describing the amount related to the spot group with reference to FIG. 13, Equation 2 is derived with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing spot groups formed on the image plane. As shown in FIG. 13, the spot group SG has a main scanning spot group width Wsgm in the main scanning direction MD and a sub scanning spot group width Wsgs in the sub scanning direction SD. As shown in FIG. 13, the main scanning spot group width Wsgm is between the first spots SP1 of two spot groups SG (for example, spot groups SG1 and SG2 in FIG. 11) formed in the adjacent exposure region ER. It can be calculated as the pitch. Here, the first spot SP1 is the spot SP in the uppermost stream in the main scanning direction MD in each spot group SG.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a relationship between a spot group and a lens diameter and the like, and FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a relationship between the spot group and a light ray passing region on the final surface of the optical system. In the column “lens array” of FIG. 14, the relationship between the lens LS and the light ray passing region LP in the lens LS is shown. The diameter of the lens LS in the main scanning direction MD (longitudinal direction LGD) is expressed as a main scanning lens diameter DMm, and the diameter of the lens LS in the sub scanning direction SD (width direction LTD) is expressed as a sub scanning lens diameter DMs. Has been. Further, the width of the light passage region LP in the main scanning direction MD (longitudinal direction LGD) is represented as a main scanning passage region width Wlpm, and the width of the light passage region LP in the sub scanning direction SD (width direction LTD) is sub-scanned. It is expressed as a passage area width Wlps. As shown in FIG. 8, in the light emitting element group 295, the longitudinal light emitting element group width W295gm is larger than the width light emitting element group width W295gs. Accordingly, corresponding to this, the main scanning passage region width Wlpm is larger than the sub scanning passage region width Wlps. In the column of “photosensitive drum surface” in FIG. 14, spot groups SG formed on the photosensitive drum surface (image surface) are represented. The two-dot chain line in the same column is a projection of the lens LS forming each spot group on the surface of the photosensitive drum.

The pitch between adjacent lenses LS in the lens row SGR (in-row lens pitch) can be expressed as (m × Wsgm). In order to arrange the lenses LS, this in-line lens pitch needs to be larger than the width Wlpm in the main scanning direction MD of the light beam passing region LP in each lens. Therefore, the following equation L ≦ m × Wsgm Equation 5
Need to be met. Further, in order to suppress the fluctuation of the spot SP formation position (incident position of the beam spot SP) due to the fluctuation of the distance between the image plane (irradiated surface) and the line head 29, the image side is made substantially telecentric. When the optical system is configured in
Wlpm / 2 ≧ Wsgm / 2 + S × tan (θ)
Is established. When both sides of this formula are doubled,
Wlpm ≧ Wsgm + 2 × S × tan (θ) Equation 6
Is obtained. When Expression 5 and Expression 6 are plotted with the horizontal axis Wsgm and the vertical axis Wlpm, the result is as shown in FIG. 15, and the hatched range in FIG. 15 satisfies both expressions. Then, the intersection of the two lines in FIG. 15 is obtained, and the range that can be taken by the Wlpm corresponding to the shaded portion is obtained,
Wlpm ≧ 2 × S × tan (θ) × m / (m−1) Equation 2
Is derived.

E. Configuration of Lens Array in Present Embodiment From the above examination, in order to configure a lens array 299 in which one lens LS is provided for each grouped light emitting element group 295 and this lens LS is two-dimensionally arranged. The lens diameter should be about 0.5 [mm] or more. In other words, in the lens array 299, the lenses LS having a relatively large lens diameter are two-dimensionally arranged as micro lenses of 0.5 [mm], and uneven shapes are densely arranged. Thus, in the lens array 299 in which the uneven shapes are closely arranged, the mold releasability tends to be lowered when the lens array is formed. As a result, there may occur a problem that the lens surface of the lens LS is lost when the mold is released, which may impair the surface accuracy of the lens LS.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, in the cross section of the lens LS including the optical axis OA of the imaging optical system, the curvature of the outer peripheral portion OC of the LS lens is the curvature on the optical axis OA of the lens LS (that is, the lens center CT). The curvature has a sign opposite to that of the curvature, or an absolute value smaller than the curvature of the lens LS on the optical axis OA (that is, the curvature of the lens center CT). Therefore, the tangent angle at the lens outer peripheral portion OC is kept small, and each lens LS has a shape that is easily separated from the mold. As a result, the releasability of the lens array can be improved. This will be described in detail. Unless otherwise specified, both “lens cross section” and “lens cross section” represent a cross section of the lens LS including the optical axis OA.

  FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a cross section including the optical axis OA of the lens. The lens LSb or the lens LSc shown in the figure corresponds to the lens according to the present invention. The lens LSa is described for comparison with the lens according to the present invention. The lens lenses LSa, LSb, and LSc are all formed on the lens array surface 299-h. In the figure, the lenses LSa, LSb, and LSc are described so as to coincide with each other, and the lenses LSa, LSb, and LSc have sag of the same size. Each lens LSa, LSb, LSc has the same radius of curvature Ra at the lens center CT.

  In the figure, the center of curvature CC of the lens LSa is represented as the center of curvature CCa, the center CC of the outer peripheral portion of the lens LSb is represented as the center of curvature CCb, and the center of curvature CC of the outer peripheral portion of the lens LSc is the center of curvature. It is expressed as CCc. Further, the curvature CV in this specification can be defined as follows (see the box in FIG. 16). That is, the absolute value of the curvature CV (CVa, CVb, CVc) is the reciprocal of the curvature radius R (Ra, Rb, Rc). Further, when the center of curvature CC is in the space ahead of the lens surface of the lens LS in the light beam traveling direction Doa (downstream of the direction Doa), the curvature CV given by the center of curvature CC is positive. On the other hand, when the center of curvature CC is closer to the front side of the light beam traveling direction Doa than the lens surface of the lens LS (upstream side of the direction Doa), the curvature CV given by the center of curvature CC is negative.

  Further, in the figure, a symbol OCa is attached to the outer peripheral portion OC of the lens LSa, a symbol OCb is attached to the outer peripheral portion OC of the lens LSb, and a symbol OCc is attached to the outer peripheral portion OC of the lens LSc. Has been. In the present specification, the outer peripheral portion OC of the lens LS is defined as follows. That is, the boundary between the flat flat surface PLS including the flat end portion PL and the lens LS is the lens outer peripheral portion. A description will be given later using the tangent angle at the outer periphery of the lens. Therefore, this tangent angle is defined.

FIG. 17 is a definition drawing of the tangent angle at the outer periphery of the lens, and shows a cross section including the optical axis OA. First, a tangent to the lens surface LSF in the lens outer peripheral portion OC is defined as TL. Next, out of the angles formed by the intersection of the lens TL and the flat surface PLS, the angles formed on the lens side are defined as angles β1 and β2. Of these angles β1 and β2, the angle β1 formed on the lens center side is the tangent angle. At this time, the angle β1 is expressed by the following equation:
0 ° <β1 <90 °
Can be in the range of. The tangential slope is given by tan (β1).

  As shown in FIG. 16, in the lens LSa, the curvature at the lens center CT and the curvature at the lens outer peripheral portion OCa are both curvature CVa = −1 / Ra. On the other hand, in the lens LSb, the curvature CVb = −1 / Rb of the lens outer peripheral portion OCb has an absolute value smaller than the curvature CVa = −1 / Ra of the lens center CT. In the lens LSc, the curvature CVc = 1 / Rc of the lens outer peripheral portion OCc has a sign opposite to the curvature CVa = −1 / Ra of the lens center. Since the lenses LSb and LSc are thus configured, the tangential angle at the lens outer peripheral portions OCb and OCc can be suppressed to be smaller than the tangential angle at the lens outer peripheral portion OCa of the lens LSa. That is, each lens LSb, LSc has a shape that is easily separated from the mold, and as a result, the lens array in which such lenses LSb, LSc are arranged has a good releasability.

Here, the lens surfaces of the lenses LSb and LSc having the curvature as described above will be considered. In specifying the lens surface, for example, it is effective to use a curved coordinate system as shown in FIG. That is, the lens surface height z in the optical axis direction in the rθ coordinate from the distance r from the optical axis OA and the rotation angle θ around the optical axis OA is z = f (r, θ).
It becomes. In this case, the curvature c (r, θ) at the coordinates r, θ on the lens surface is expressed by the following equation.

  Since the curvature on the optical axis OA at a certain angle θ1 is r = 0 on the optical axis,

として表され、その断面の周辺部の曲率はｒ≠０に対して

And the curvature of the periphery of the cross section is for r ≠ 0

として表される。

Represented as:

  Therefore, in the cross section passing through a certain optical axis OA, the condition that the curvature of the outer peripheral portion of the lens surface has the opposite sign to the curvature on the optical axis OA is r ≠ 0

で表され、光軸ＯＡ上の曲率よりも表面周辺部の曲率の方が小さい絶対値を有する条件は、

The condition that the curvature of the peripheral portion of the surface is smaller than the curvature on the optical axis OA has an absolute value is

で表される。

It is represented by

  By the way, in the said embodiment, since the organic EL element is used as the light emitting element 2951 and this organic EL element has little light quantity compared with LED (Light Emitting Diode) etc., the light quantity which can be taken in into the lens LS tends to become small. It is in. In particular, when a bottom emission type organic EL element is used, a part of the light beam emitted from the organic EL element is absorbed by the head substrate 293, so that the amount of light that can be captured by the lens LS is further reduced. In such a case, it is conceivable to increase the lens diameter in order to capture sufficient light into the lens LS. However, conventionally, there is a possibility that the releasability is deteriorated by increasing the lens diameter. On the other hand, in the above embodiment, each lens LSb, LSc has a shape that is easily separated from the mold, so that the lens diameter can be easily increased without degrading the releasability. Therefore, it is possible to execute a good exposure by taking a sufficient light beam into the lens LS.

  The lens cross section including the optical axis OA includes, for example, a plurality of lenses such as a cross section in the longitudinal direction LGD, a cross section in the width direction LTD, or a cross section in a direction having a certain angle with respect to the longitudinal direction LGD and the width direction LTD. A cross section is conceivable. However, if the lens shape condition is satisfied in any one of the cross-sectional shapes of the lens cross-section including the optical axis OA, the effect of improving the releasability is exhibited. That is, even if the lens shape condition is not satisfied in the lens cross section in all directions, the effect of improving the releasability is exhibited as long as the lens shape condition is satisfied in the lens cross section in any one direction. Here, “in the lens cross section, the curvature of the outer periphery OC of the lens LS has a sign opposite to the curvature of the lens LS on the optical axis OA, or the absolute value is larger than the curvature of the lens LS on the optical axis OA. The above condition of “smaller” was defined as “lens shape condition”.

  One of the factors affecting the releasability of the lens array is the shape of the lenses adjacent to each other. In consideration of this, the lens shape condition is satisfied in the cross section including the arrangement direction of the lenses LS and the optical axis OA. It is desirable to configure. The lens array 299 configured as described above is formed using a mold as described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-276849 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-152039. That is, a plurality of concave portions are formed in the mold in order to form the lens LS. A photocurable resin is supplied to each recess. Then, a lens LS is formed on the surface of the lens substrate 2991 by irradiating the photocurable resin existing in the concave portion with ultraviolet rays and curing the mold and the lens substrate (light transmissive substrate) 2991 in contact with each other. When the photocurable resin is hardened, the mold is separated from the lens LS and the lens substrate 2991. At this time, adjacent lenses LS affect each other. For example, focusing on the lens LS-1 in FIG. 9, the lens LS-2 is disposed adjacent to the lens LS-1 in the longitudinal direction LGD. Then, as shown in FIG. 19A, the lens LS-1 is close to the lens LS-2 in the longitudinal direction LGD, and these close portions influence each other at the time of mold release. For this reason, the lens LS-1 is a cross section in the longitudinal direction LGD including the optical axis OA-1 of the imaging optical system constituted by the lens LS-1, and the curvature of the outer periphery of the lens LS-1 is the lens LS-1. It is desirable to have an absolute value smaller than the curvature on the optical axis OA-1 of the lens LS-1 having a sign opposite to that of the curvature on the optical axis. Further, in the cross section, also for the lens LS-2, the curvature of the outer peripheral portion of the lens LS-2 has a sign opposite to the curvature on the optical axis OA-2 of the lens LS-2, or the optical axis of the lens LS-2 It is desirable that the absolute value is smaller than the curvature on OA-2.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, since the lens row LSR including the lens LS-1 is aligned with the lens row LSR including the lens LS-3 in the width direction LTD, the lenses LS-1 and LS-3 are arranged as follows. It is desirable to configure. That is, the lens LS-1 is a cross section in the width direction LTD including the optical axis OA-1 (corresponding to the “second cross section” of the present invention), and the curvature of the outer periphery of the lens LS-1 is the light of the lens LS-1. It is desirable that the lens has a sign opposite to the curvature on the axis OA-1 or has an absolute value smaller than the curvature on the optical axis OA-1 of the lens LS-1. The lens LS-3 is a cross section (corresponding to the “third cross section” in the present invention) parallel to the second cross section and including the optical axis OA-3 of the lens LS-3, and the curvature of the outer peripheral portion of the lens LS-3. Is preferably configured to have a sign opposite to the curvature of the optical axis OA-3 of the lens LS-3 or an absolute value smaller than the curvature of the lens LS-3 on the optical axis OA-3.

  As described above, the lens shape condition is satisfied for one cross section or two cross sections corresponding to the lens arrangement. However, as a matter of course, the lens shape condition is satisfied in the lens cross section in all directions. LS can also be configured. In the imaging optical system including such a lens LS, not only the effect of improving the releasability but also the effect of improving the aberration is expected, so that the line head 29 can write a finer latent image.

F. Others As described above, in the above embodiment, the longitudinal direction LGD and the main scanning direction SD correspond to the “first direction” of the present invention, and the width direction LTD and the sub scanning direction SD correspond to the “second direction” of the present invention. The photosensitive drum 21 corresponds to the “latent image carrier” of the invention.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications other than those described above can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the optical system is configured using the lens array 299 in which the lens LS is formed on the surface 299-h. However, the configuration of the optical system is not limited to this.

  FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view in the longitudinal direction of another optical system, showing a longitudinal cross-section including the optical axis of the lens LS formed in the lens array. In the following description, the characteristic part of another optical system will be described, and the parts common to the above-described optical system will be denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted. As shown in FIG. 20, in another optical system, a lens LS is formed on the back surface 299-t of the lens array 299. Therefore, on the back surface 299-t, there are a portion having the lens LS and a finite curvature, and a flat end PL having an infinite curvature without the lens LS being formed.

  In the optical system shown in the figure, the lens array 299 having such a configuration is arranged side by side in the traveling direction Doa of two (299A, 299B) light beams, and two lenses aligned in the traveling direction Doa of the light. LS1 and LS2 are arranged for each light emitting element group 295. Also, the optical axis OA (the two-dot chain line in FIG. 10) passing through the center of each of the first lens LS1 and the second lens LS2 corresponding to the same light emitting element group 295 is orthogonal to or substantially the back surface 293-t of the head substrate 293. Orthogonal. In addition, a diaphragm plate 298 is provided between the head substrate 293 and the lens array 299A in the light beam traveling direction Doa. A diaphragm opening 2981 is formed in each diaphragm plate 298 for each light emitting element group 295. ing.

  As described above, another optical system has a diaphragm 2982 and first and second lenses LS1 and LS2. Therefore, the light beam emitted from the light emitting element group 295 is focused by the stop 2982 (stop plate 298) and then imaged by the first and second lenses LS1, LS2.

  Also in another optical system, in the cross section of the lens LS including the optical axis OA of the imaging optical system, the curvature of the outer peripheral portion OC of the LS lens is the curvature on the optical axis OA of the lens LS (that is, the lens center). The lens LS is configured to have an absolute value smaller than the curvature of the lens LS on the optical axis OA (that is, the curvature of the lens center CT). Therefore, the tangent angle at the lens outer peripheral portion OC is kept small, and each lens LS has a shape that is easily separated from the mold. This will be described in detail.

  FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a cross section including the optical axis OA of the lens. FIG. 21 differs from FIG. 16 only in that the lens LS is formed on the back surface 299-t of the lens array 299, and FIG. 21 is the same as FIG. Therefore, hereinafter, differences from FIG. 16 will be mainly described, and description of common parts will be omitted.

  As in the case of FIG. 16, the lens LSb or the lens LSc shown in FIG. 21 corresponds to the lens according to the present invention, and the lens LSa is described for comparison with the lens according to the present invention. In the lens LSa, the curvature at the lens center CT and the curvature at the lens outer peripheral portion OCa are both curvature CVa = 1 / Ra. On the other hand, in the lens LSb, the curvature CVb = 1 / Rb of the lens outer peripheral portion OCb has an absolute value smaller than the curvature CVa = 1 / Ra of the lens center CT. In the lens LSc, the curvature CVc = −1 / Rc of the lens outer peripheral portion OCc has a sign opposite to the curvature CVa = 1 / Ra of the lens center. Since the lenses LSb and LSc are thus configured, the tangential angle at the lens outer peripheral portions OCb and OCc can be suppressed to be smaller than the tangential angle at the lens outer peripheral portion OCa of the lens LSa. That is, each lens LSb, LSc has a shape that is easily separated from the mold, and as a result, the lens array in which such lenses LSb, LSc are arranged has a good releasability.

  In the above-described embodiment, the lens LS is provided only on either the front surface 299-h or the back surface 299-t of the lens array 299, but the lens LS is formed on both surfaces of the lens array 299. You may comprise as follows.

  In the above embodiment, two lens arrays 299 are used, but the number of lens arrays 299 is not limited to this.

  In the above embodiment, the lens array 299 is formed by forming a photocurable resin as the lens LS on the light-transmitting substrate as the lens substrate 2991. However, the method of forming the lens array 299 is not limited to this, and the lens array 299 may be formed by the following method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-276849. In this forming method, the mold is pressed and adhered to the resin substrate in a state where the substrate made of a thermoplastic resin (resin substrate) is maintained at a temperature equal to or higher than the transition temperature. Then, the mold is released from the resin substrate at a timing when the resin substrate and the mold are cooled to the transition temperature of the resin substrate or lower. That is, even in such a forming method, the lens LS is adjusted so that the curvature of the lens outer peripheral portion OC has a sign opposite to that of the curvature of the lens center CT or has an absolute value smaller than the curvature of the lens center CT. By comprising, it becomes possible to implement | achieve favorable mold release property of a lens array.

  In the above embodiment, the three light emitting element group rows 295R are arranged in the width direction LTD. However, the number of light emitting element group rows 295R is not limited to three and may be one or more.

  In the above embodiment, the light emitting element group 295 includes two light emitting element rows 2951R. However, the number of light emitting element rows 2951R constituting the light emitting element group 295 is not limited to two, and may be one, for example.

  In the above embodiment, the light emitting element row 2951R includes four light emitting elements 2951. However, the number of the light emitting elements 2951 constituting the light emitting element row 2951R is not limited to four.

  In the above embodiment, an organic EL element is used as the light emitting element 2951. However, an element other than the organic EL element may be used as the light emitting element 2951. For example, an LED (Light Emitting Diode) may be used as the light emitting element 2951.

  Next, examples of the present invention will be shown. However, the present invention is not limited by the following examples as a matter of course, and it is of course possible to implement the present invention with appropriate modifications within a range that can meet the gist of the preceding and following descriptions. They are all included in the technical scope of the present invention.

Example 1
22 is a diagram showing data of the optical system in Example 1, FIG. 23 is a sectional view of the optical system in Example 1 in the main scanning direction, and FIG. 24 is in the sub-scanning direction in Example 1. It is sectional drawing. FIG. 25 is a diagram showing conditions used to obtain the optical paths shown in FIGS. 23 and 24 by simulation. As shown in FIG. 25, in the first embodiment, the main scanning spot group width Wsgm is 0.180 [mm]. Correspondingly, FIG. 23 shows an optical path connecting the images IMm0, IMm1, and IMm2. That is, the image IMm0 is an image formed on the optical axis (in other words, the image height in the main scanning direction MD is 0 [mm]), and the image IMm1 has an image height in the main scanning direction MD of 0.09 [ mm] (= Wsgm / 2), and the image IMm2 is an image whose image height in the main scanning direction MD can be −0.09 [mm] (= −Wsgm / 2). As shown in FIG. 25, in Example 1, the sub-scanning spot group width Wsgs is 0.042 [mm]. Correspondingly, FIG. 24 shows an optical path connecting the images IMs1 and IMs2. That is, the image IMs1 is an image whose image height in the sub-scanning direction SD can be 0.021 [mm] (= Wsgs / 2), and the image IMm2 has an image height in the sub-scanning direction SD of −0.021 [mm]. ] (= −Wsgs / 2).

  FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating a spot diagram in the first embodiment. In FIG. 26, the spot position is represented by a main scanning image height IHm in the main scanning direction MD and a sub-scanning image height IHs in the sub-scanning direction SD. That is, for example, the uppermost spot diagram in FIG. 26 is a spot diagram of a spot that can be set to a main scanning image height IHm = 0.090 [mm] and a sub-scanning image height IHs = −0.021 [mm]. In addition, incident angles IRm and IRs in the figure indicate the incident angles of the principal ray IRL of the light beam forming the spot with respect to the entrance pupil. Here, the incident angle will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram of the incident angle. That is, when the light beam obtained by projecting the principal ray IRL onto the plane including the light beam traveling direction Doa and the main scanning direction MD is defined as the main scanning projection ray IRLm, the incident angle of the main scanning projection ray IRLm with respect to the main scanning direction MD is Main scanning incident angle IRm. Further, when a light beam obtained by projecting the principal ray IRL onto a plane including the light beam traveling direction Doa and the sub-scanning direction SD is defined as a sub-scanning projection light beam IRLs, the incident angle of the sub-scanning projection light beam IRLs with respect to the sub-scanning direction SD is The sub-scanning incident angle IRs.

  FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating lens data of the first lens in the first embodiment. As shown in the figure, the lens diameter of the first lens LS1 is 0.54 [mm] (= main scanning passage area width Wlpm + 0.105 [mm]). It should be noted here that in the first lens LS1, the curvature at the lens center is 1.67, whereas the curvature at the lens outer peripheral portion is 0.94. That is, the curvature of the lens outer peripheral portion is smaller in absolute value than the curvature of the lens central portion. As a result, the tangential slope (0.462) at the lens outer peripheral portion is kept small. Accordingly, by arranging the first lens LS1 to form a lens array, the releasability of the lens array is improved.

  FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating lens data of the second lens in the first embodiment. As shown in the figure, the lens diameter of the second lens LS1 is 0.54 [mm] (= main scanning passage area width Wlpm + 0.071 [mm]). It should be noted here that in the second lens LS2, the curvature at the center of the lens is 1.41, whereas the curvature at the outer periphery of the lens is 0.58. That is, the curvature of the lens outer peripheral portion is smaller in absolute value than the curvature of the lens central portion. As a result, the tangential slope (0.370) at the outer periphery of the lens is kept small. Therefore, by arranging the second lenses LS2 to form a lens array, the releasability of the lens array is improved.

  Further, as can be seen from the data of the optical system in FIG. 22, the first and second lenses LS1 and LS2 in Example 1 are rotationally symmetric lenses having the optical axis OA of the lens as a rotationally symmetric axis. Therefore, in Example 1, the lens configuration can be simplified.

Example 2
FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating data of the optical system according to the second embodiment. In FIG. 30, a main scanning direction coordinate x is a coordinate axis in the main scanning direction MD, and a sub scanning direction coordinate y is a coordinate axis in the sub scanning direction SD. The origin of the xy coordinates passes through the optical axis OA. FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view in the main scanning direction of the optical system in the second embodiment, and FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view in the sub-scanning direction in the second embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 31 and 32, the object surface S1 corresponds to the back surface of the glass substrate, and Example 2 corresponds to the case where a bottom emission type organic EL element is used as the light emitting element 2951. The first lens LS1 and the second lens LS2 are both formed on the back surface of the glass substrate.

  FIG. 33 is a diagram showing the conditions used to obtain the optical paths shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 by simulation. As shown in FIG. 33, in the second embodiment, the main scanning spot group width Wsgm is 0.65 [mm]. Correspondingly, FIG. 31 shows an optical path connecting the images IMm0, IMm1, and IMm2. That is, the image IMm0 is an image formed on the optical axis (in other words, the image height in the main scanning direction MD is 0 [mm]), and the image IMm1 has an image height in the main scanning direction MD of 0.325 [ mm] (= Wsgm / 2), and the image IMm2 is an image whose image height in the main scanning direction MD can be −0.325 [mm] (= −Wsgm / 2). As shown in FIG. 33, in the second embodiment, the sub-scanning spot group width Wsgs is 0.0635 [mm]. Correspondingly, FIG. 24 shows an optical path connecting the images IMs1 and IMs2. That is, the image IMs1 is an image whose image height in the sub-scanning direction SD can be 0.03175 [mm] (= Wsgs / 2), and the image IMm2 has an image height in the sub-scanning direction SD of −0.03175 [mm]. ] (= −Wsgs / 2).

  FIG. 36 is a diagram illustrating lens data of the first lens in Example 2. As shown in the figure, the lens diameter of the first lens LS1 is 1.60 [mm] (= main scanning passage area width Wlpm + 0.187 [mm]). It should be noted here that in the first lens LS1, the curvature at the center of the lens is 0.686, whereas the curvature at the outer periphery of the lens is 0.003. That is, the curvature of the lens outer peripheral portion is smaller in absolute value than the curvature of the lens central portion. As a result, the tangential slope (0.512) at the outer periphery of the lens is kept small. Accordingly, by arranging the first lens LS1 to form a lens array, the releasability of the lens array is improved.

  FIG. 34 is a diagram illustrating lens data in the main scanning direction of the second lens in the second embodiment. As shown in the figure, the lens diameter of the second lens LS2 is 1.60 [mm] (= main scanning passage area width Wlpm + 0.077 [mm]). It should be noted here that in the second lens LS2, the curvature at the center of the lens is 0.889, whereas the curvature at the outer periphery of the lens is 0.354. The curvature of the lens outer periphery is smaller in absolute value than the curvature of the lens center. As a result, the tangential slope (0.668) at the outer periphery of the lens is kept small. Therefore, by arranging the second lenses LS2 to form a lens array, the releasability of the lens array is improved.

  Furthermore, in Example 2, the following operational effects are exhibited. That is, as shown in FIGS. 30 to 32, the lens surface of the second lens LS is an xy polynomial surface, and the cross-sectional shape differs between the main scanning direction MD and the sub-scanning direction SD. When the curvature is changed to improve the mold releasability, it is not preferable to change the tangential slope abruptly because it may cause another problem such as deterioration of the mold processing efficiency. However, as illustrated in FIG. 14 and the like, due to the configuration of the light emitting element group 295 having the light emitting element rows 2951R, the light passage region LP has an oval shape that is long in the main scanning direction MD. Therefore, the distance from the boundary of the light beam passage region LP to the lens outer periphery in the sub-scanning direction SD is relatively long. For this reason, by changing the lens shape in the cross section in the main scanning direction and the cross section in the sub scanning direction, it is possible to suppress the lens tangential inclination at the lens outer peripheral portion to be small even in the case of a gradual change in the tangential inclination in the sub scanning direction section. It has become. FIG. 35 is a diagram illustrating lens data in the sub-scanning direction of the second lens in the second embodiment. As shown in the figure, the lens diameter of the second lens LS2 is 1.70 [mm] (= sub-scanning passage area width Wlps + 0.693 [mm]). What should be noted here is that, in the cross section in the sub-scanning direction of the second lens LS2, the curvature at the lens center is 0.877, whereas the curvature at the lens outer peripheral portion is -0.886. . That is, the curvature of the lens outer peripheral portion has a sign opposite to that of the curvature of the lens central portion. As a result, the tangential slope (0.440) at the outer periphery of the lens is kept small. That is, in Example 2, the cross-sectional shape in the main scanning direction MD of the second lens LS2 and the sub-scanning direction SD of the second lens LS2 in order to make the lens configuration appropriate according to the configuration of the light emitting element group 295. The cross-sectional shape is different.

Further, in order to represent the lens surface S7 of the second lens LS in the rθ coordinate system, it is necessary to convert the xy coordinate system shown in FIG. 32 to the rθ coordinate system, and assuming that the positive direction of the x axis is θ = 0. ,
x = r · cos θ
y = r · sinθ
It is represented by For this reason, the xy polynomial representing the lens surface S7 of the second lens LS is expressed as follows using the rθ coordinate system.

  Using the above equation, the curvature c (r, θ1) at the coordinates (r, θ1) on the lens surface S7 is expressed by the following equation.

  Then, when the curvature c (r, θ1) is obtained using this equation, the result shown in FIG. 37 is obtained. As is apparent from the graph shown in FIG. 37, at an arbitrary angle θ1, the lens surface S7 has a sign that the curvature of the peripheral portion is opposite to that of the curvature on the optical axis OA, or the peripheral surface is more than the curvature on the optical axis OA. It can be seen that the optical axis of has a smaller absolute value.

  Incidentally, in Example 2, a bottom emission organic EL element is used as a light emitting element, but the organic EL element has a relatively small amount of light. Therefore, it may be necessary to increase the image-side numerical aperture in order to obtain a sufficient amount of light on the image surface (non-irradiation surface). As a result, the lens diameter may increase. Further, since foreign substances such as toner are likely to adhere to the final surface of the optical system, it is conceivable that the final surface of the optical system is flat as shown in the second embodiment. In such a case, the distance from the image plane to the lens main surface becomes long. As a result, the lens diameter may increase. Therefore, when using a lens having such a large diameter, it is preferable to apply the present invention to improve the releasability of the lens array.

Explanatory drawing of the term used by this specification. Explanatory drawing of the term used by this specification. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of an image forming apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an electrical configuration of the image forming apparatus in FIG. 3. The perspective view which shows the outline of the line head concerning this invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view in the width direction of the line head shown in FIG. 5. The figure which shows the structure of the back surface of a head board | substrate. The figure which shows the structure of the light emitting element group provided in the head substrate back surface. The top view of a lens array. Sectional drawing of a longitudinal direction, such as a lens array and a head board | substrate. The perspective view for demonstrating the spot formed with a line head. The figure which shows the spot latent image formation operation | movement by the above-mentioned line head. The figure which shows the spot group formed in an image surface. The figure which shows the relationship between a spot group, a lens diameter, etc. FIG. The figure which shows the relationship between a spot group and the light ray passage area | region of an optical system last surface. The figure which shows the cross section containing the optical axis of a lens. The definition drawing of the tangent angle in a lens outer peripheral part. The figure which defined the lens surface in the rθ coordinate system. The figure which shows the lens surface in a specific cross section. Sectional drawing of the longitudinal direction in another optical system. The figure which shows the cross section containing the optical axis of a lens. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing data of an optical system in Example 1. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the optical system in Embodiment 1 in the main scanning direction. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the sub-scanning direction in the first embodiment. The figure which shows the conditions used when calculating | requiring the optical path shown to FIG. 23 and FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a spot diagram in the first embodiment. Explanatory drawing of an incident angle. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating lens data of a first lens in Example 1. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating lens data of a second lens in Example 1. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing data of an optical system in Example 2. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the optical system in Embodiment 2 in the main scanning direction. Sectional drawing in the subscanning direction in Example 2. FIG. The figure which shows the conditions used when calculating | requiring the optical path shown to FIG. 31 and FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing lens data of a second lens in Example 2. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing lens data of a second lens in Example 2. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing lens data of a first lens in Example 2. 9 is a graph showing the curvature of the lens surface of the second lens in Example 2.

Explanation of symbols

  21Y, 21K ... photosensitive drum (latent image carrier), 29 ... line head, 293 ... head substrate, 295 ... light emitting element group, 2951 ... light emitting element, 299, 299A, 299B ... lens array, LS ... lens, CT ... Lens center, OC ... lens outer periphery, SP ... spot, Lsp ... spot latent image, MD ... main scanning direction (first direction), SD ... sub-scanning direction (second direction), LGD ... longitudinal direction (first direction) , LTD ... Width direction (second direction)

Claims (11)

A lens array in which a first lens and a second lens are arranged in a first direction of the light-transmitting substrate;
A light emitting element substrate disposed in the first direction, the light emitting element,
The first lens is a cross section in the first direction including the optical axis of the imaging optical system configured by the first lens, and the curvature of the outer peripheral portion of the first lens is on the optical axis of the first lens. A line head having a sign opposite to the curvature of the first lens or having an absolute value smaller than the curvature of the first lens on the optical axis.   In the cross section, the curvature of the outer peripheral portion of the second lens has a sign opposite to that of the curvature of the second lens on the optical axis, or has an absolute value smaller than the curvature of the second lens on the optical axis. The line head according to claim 1. The lens array has a third lens at a position different from the first lens in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction;
In the second cross section in the second direction including the optical axis of the first lens, the curvature of the outer periphery of the first lens has a sign opposite to that of the curvature of the first lens on the optical axis, or Having an absolute value smaller than the curvature on the optical axis of one lens;
In a third section parallel to the second section and including the optical axis of the third lens, the curvature of the outer peripheral portion of the third lens has a sign opposite to the curvature of the third lens on the optical axis, The line head according to claim 1, wherein the line head has an absolute value smaller than a curvature of the third lens on the optical axis. The first lens is

The line head according to claim 1, which has a lens surface having the following relationship.   The line head according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second lens has a lens surface having the same shape as the first lens.   6. The first lens according to claim 1, wherein a lens shape in the cross section is different from a lens shape in a second cross section in a second direction including an optical axis of the first lens. Line head.   The line head according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first lens is a rotationally symmetric lens having the optical axis as a rotationally symmetric axis.   The line head according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the light emitting element substrate has a light emitting element row in which the light emitting elements are arranged in the first direction.   The line head according to claim 1, wherein the light emitting element is an organic EL element.   The line head according to claim 9, wherein the organic EL element is a bottom emission type. A lens array having a first lens and a second lens arranged in a first direction of a light-transmitting substrate, and an exposure unit having a light emitting element substrate in which a light emitting element is arranged in the first direction;
A latent image carrier on which a latent image is formed by the exposure unit;
Developing the latent image formed on the latent image carrier, and
The first lens is a cross section in the first direction including the optical axis of the imaging optical system configured by the first lens, and the curvature of the outer peripheral portion of the first lens is on the optical axis of the first lens. And an absolute value smaller than the curvature of the first lens on the optical axis.

Images