JP2009184621A - Air conditioning system of subway vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air conditioning (cooling) system of a vehicle of a subway capable of saving energy by suppressing a temperature rise in a subway tunnel. <P>SOLUTION: This air conditioning system is provided with at least a heat source tank provided in the vehicle of the subway to store a coolant source to be supplied and discharged and an indoor machine for cooling a compartment of the vehicle by heat exchange using the coolant source in the heat source tank. The air conditioning system includes an air conditioner for circulating the coolant source between the heat source tank and the indoor machine, and a heat source supplying and discharging device installed at a heat source supplying and discharging base provided along a line of the subway to replace the coolant source in the heat source tank raised in temperature by heat exchange in the indoor machine with a coolant source having a lower temperature than that of the coolant source. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an air conditioning system for vehicles, and more particularly to an air conditioning system for subway vehicles.

  As a conventional air conditioning system of an automobile using an engine as a drive source, ice is produced by a cold storage operation using the power of the engine, and when the engine is stopped, an air conditioning system using this ice as a cooling source (for example, Patent Document 1) Have been proposed). Further, as a conventional air conditioning system for automobiles, a truck air conditioning system (see, for example, Patent Document 2) in which a cold storage unit for cooling a cold storage room of a truck is mounted has been proposed.

  Further, in an air conditioning system for a building, an air conditioning system using an indoor unit in which both a heat pump unit using a hot water source and a fan coil unit are combined as a heat source for cooling a heat medium is proposed (for example, see Patent Document 3). Has been.

JP 2003-34131 A JP 2003-254650 A Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-104019

  Conventionally, air-cooled air-conditioning systems that cool the heat medium of air-conditioning systems with air have been used in air-conditioning systems for railway vehicles including subways. Railways other than subways are mainly formed with routes open to the atmosphere. Therefore, the interior of the vehicle can be suitably cooled by using an air cooling method for cooling the heat medium of the air conditioning system and releasing the exhaust heat to the outside of the vehicle.

  However, in the subway, since most of the route is covered with the tunnel wall surface, the exhaust heat released to the outside of the vehicle by the air-cooled air conditioning system tends to be trapped in the tunnel. If the exhaust heat accumulates in the tunnel, the air conditioning system for air conditioning the interior of the vehicle as well as the air conditioning system for air conditioning the home will decrease the cooling efficiency, and the temperatures in the stations connected by the tunnel will also rise. In order to alleviate the temperature rise in the tunnel and each station premises due to the exhaust heat described above, there is a tendency to increase the size of the cooling equipment at each station so that cooling is possible including the inside of the tunnel. However, this trend clearly goes against energy conservation measures, and cooling of the subway along with energy conservation measures was desired.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioning (cooling) system for a subway vehicle that can suppress temperature rise in the subway tunnel and can save energy.

  The present invention is based on the basic concept of introducing a water cooling system to an air conditioning system for subway vehicles.

  More specifically, in order to introduce a water-cooled air conditioning system to a subway vehicle, the present invention is provided in the subway vehicle, and includes at least one heat source tank that accommodates a coolant source so as to be supplied and discharged, and the heat source tank. An air conditioner that circulates the coolant source between the heat source tank and the indoor unit, and provided along a subway line. Heat source supply / discharge for replacing the cooling liquid source in the heat source tank, which is installed in the heat source supply / discharge base and heated by heat exchange in the indoor unit, with a cooling liquid source lower in temperature than the cooling liquid source And a device.

  In the air conditioning system according to the present invention, the indoor unit that cools the interior of the vehicle suitably cools the interior of the vehicle using a coolant source in the heat source tank. The coolant source used for cooling is heated up sequentially and returned to the heat source tank. When the coolant source in the heat source tank reaches a predetermined temperature that prevents efficient cooling due to the circulation of the coolant source, or before that, the coolant source is replaced with a new coolant source at the heat source supply / discharge base. be able to. By exchanging the coolant source, the indoor unit continues to effectively cool the vehicle interior without exhausting heat into the tunnel.

  As the coolant source, water or ice / water mixed slurry can be used. Normal temperature water (about 25 ° C.) can be used as water. When normal temperature water is used, when the temperature of the water in the heat source tank rises to, for example, about 45 ° C., the heated water is discharged from the heat source tank, and new normal temperature water is discharged from the heat source tank. Can be introduced. When using an ice / water mixed slurry, for example, 0 ° C. cold water can be introduced into the heat source tank, and when the cold water reaches, for example, 12 ° C., it can be replaced with new cold water.

  The use temperature range of water and the temperature range of the ice / water mixed slurry can be used outside the above-described temperature range. However, in order to obtain a high COP, it is desirable to use in the above temperature range.

  The heat source tank is preferably installed in the ceiling space of the vehicle, and in this case, the cooling liquid source may be supplied from the heat source supply / exhaust device by gravity through a receiving port installed on the roof surface of the vehicle. it can.

  The heat source supply / discharge base can be installed at a station. In this case, although depending on the capacity of the heat source tank, the distance between the stations, or the coolant source accommodated in the heat source tank, the heat source supply / discharge base can be installed at every five stations, for example. Further, in this case, assuming that the travel time between adjacent stations is about 2 minutes on average, the capacity of the heat source tank is set to a capacity capable of continuous air-conditioning operation for 10 minutes, for example. A recovery tank can be provided in the heat source supply / discharge device. The recovery tank is preferably provided on the platform of the station or in the vicinity thereof so as to receive the coolant source when the raised coolant source in the heat source tank is discharged from the heat source tank.

  When normal temperature water is used as the cooling liquid source, the indoor unit can be a heat pump unit including a condenser and an evaporator, and a heat medium surrounding the condenser and the evaporator. The condenser receives supply of the cooling liquid source and performs heat exchange between the cooling liquid source and the heat medium. The evaporator receives the supply of the heat medium through the condenser and performs heat exchange between the heat medium and the air in the vehicle compartment. Clean water or industrial water can be used as room temperature water. Moreover, although the cooling efficiency is lowered, a fan coil unit described later can be used for the indoor unit by using groundwater having a temperature lower than that of room temperature water.

  When a plurality of heat source tanks are used, each of the heat source tanks can be connected to the receiving port via a pipe extending from the receiving port to each of the heat source tanks. The piping is provided with a switching valve for selectively connecting the receiving port to the heat source tanks. When a plurality of heat source tanks are used, the indoor unit can be provided for each heat source tank. Thereby, at the time of supply / discharge of the coolant source to / from the heat source tank at the station, the indoor unit connected to the target heat source tank stops operating, but is connected to another heat source tank. The cooling liquid source and the other indoor unit that receives the supply of the cooling liquid source can be operated. Therefore, the cooling can be continued without causing the interruption of the cooling due to the supply and discharge of the coolant source. Instead, a plurality of heat source tanks can be connected to each indoor unit in a switchable manner.

  When the cooling liquid source is an ice / water mixed slurry, the indoor unit can be composed of at least one of a fan coil unit and a heat pump unit. The fan coil unit is supplied with the coolant source and exchanges heat with the air in the vehicle compartment, and a fan that supplies air cooled by the heat exchanger into the vehicle compartment. With a bowl. Further, as described above, the heat pump unit is supplied with the cooling liquid source and performs heat exchange between the cooling liquid source and the heat medium, and the heat medium passing through the condenser. An evaporator that is supplied and exchanges heat between the heat medium and the air in the vehicle compartment, and the heat medium circulates through the condenser and the evaporator.

  When the cooling liquid source is an ice / water mixed slurry, the heat source supply / discharge device includes a supercooler that supercools water, a supercooler that converts supercooled water into an ice / water mixed slurry, It can comprise with a supercooling apparatus provided with the ice thermal storage tank which stores water mixing slurry.

  An evaporator in which the indoor unit exchanges heat between room air and a heat medium, a water-cooled condenser using the cooling liquid source connected to the evaporator through a refrigerant pipe, and air as a cooling source In the case of providing a heat pump having an air-cooled condenser, the operation mode of the air conditioner stops the operation of the air-cooled condenser, operates the water-cooled condenser, and activates both the condensers. Combination mode to be included. The air conditioner selects the water cooling mode when the vehicle travels in a normal tunnel. In this case, the combination mode can be selected in an emergency such as a vehicle failure in the tunnel.

  When the subway line includes a ground traveling unit of the vehicle, the air conditioner can select a water cooling mode when the vehicle travels in a tunnel and can select a combined mode when the vehicle travels on the ground.

  The water-cooled condenser and the air-cooled condenser can be connected to each other in series by the refrigerant pipe. Due to the series connection of both condensers, a significant improvement in COP can be expected.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the interior of the vehicle is moved by the indoor unit using the coolant source in the heat source tank, which is exchanged at the heat source supply / discharge base provided along the subway line. It can cool suitably. Therefore, this cooling does not release a large amount of exhaust heat into the tunnel as in the conventional air cooling system. As a result, temperature rise in the tunnel and station premises can be suppressed, and the vehicle interior can be suitably cooled. In addition, since the cooling load in each station can be reduced, the vehicle can be cooled in accordance with energy saving measures.

  The air conditioning system 10 according to the present invention is used for cooling a room 14 of a subway vehicle 12 as shown in FIG. The subway moves between the stations 20 and 20 by traveling on the track 18 composed of a pair of rails 18 a and 18 a laid mainly in the tunnel 16. The air conditioning system 10 that cools the interior 14 of the vehicle 12 includes an air conditioner 22 provided in the vehicle 12 and a heat source supply / discharge device 24 installed in a station 20 that is an example of a heat source supply / discharge base provided along the track 18. With.

  The air conditioner 22 includes a heat source tank 26 that stores a coolant source, and an indoor unit 28 that cools the room 14 using the coolant source stored in the heat source tank. The heat source tank 26 and the indoor unit 28 are both disposed in the ceiling space 12b between the indoor ceiling 14a of the vehicle 12 and the roof surface 12a.

  In the illustrated example, a receiving port is formed in the roof surface 12 a of the vehicle 12 by a receiving tray 30 that opens toward the ceiling surface 16 a of the tunnel 16. The tray 30 here has a long bowl-like shape and is inclined toward the receiving port of FIG. When a cooling liquid source is supplied from the heat source supply / discharge device 24 toward the receiving port, that is, the receiving tray 30, as will be described later, the cooling liquid source passes through a pipe 36 provided with a check valve 32 and an on-off valve 34. Then, it is guided to the heat source tank 26. Further, the heat source tank 26 is connected to the indoor unit 28 via a pair of pipes 38, 38, so that the coolant source in the tank is pumped from the heat source tank 26 to the indoor unit 28 through one pipe 38. The pressure pump 40 is provided. Although not shown, the operation of the pressurizing pump 40 can be controlled by a control circuit of the indoor unit 28, for example. The other pipe 38 acts as a return pipe to the heat source tank 26 for the coolant source pumped to the indoor unit 28, so that the coolant source in the heat source tank 26 is paired by the operation of the pressurizing pump 40. It circulates between the indoor units 28 through the pipes 38, 38.

  A plan view of the vehicle 12 shown in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. As is apparent from this plan view, the heat source tank 26 and the indoor unit 28 connected to the heat source tank via a pair of pipes 38, 38 are taken as one set, and in the illustrated example, three sets are the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 12. They are spaced from each other in the direction. In order to guide the coolant source from the tray 30 provided substantially at the center of the roof surface 12 a of the vehicle 12 to each heat source tank 26, the pipe 36 has a main trunk portion 36 a extending from the tray 30 and each heat source tank 26 from the main trunk portion. And a branching portion 36b that branches into a straight line.

  In FIG. 2, although omitted for simplification of the drawing, the check valve 32 shown in FIG. 1 is provided in the main portion 36 a in order to prevent the backflow of the coolant source toward the tray 30. Similarly, an on-off valve 34 shown in FIG. 1 is provided at each branch portion 36b to allow or block the flow of the coolant source toward the heat source tank 26.

  Referring to FIG. 1 again, in each heat source tank 26, a discharge pipe 42 for discharging a coolant source contained therein extends downward on one side of the vehicle 12. Each discharge pipe 42 is provided with an open / close valve 44 for allowing or preventing the discharge of the coolant from the heat source tank 26.

  Although not shown, the discharge pipe 42 can be constituted by a branch pipe similar to the pipe 36. In this case, each branch portion is connected to the corresponding heat source tank 26, and an on-off valve 44 is provided in each branch portion. By configuring the discharge pipe 42 with the aforementioned branch pipe, the discharge of the coolant source from each heat source tank 26 can be discharged from a single main trunk.

  Each on-off valve 34, 44 is preferably composed of, for example, an electromagnetic on-off valve so that the opening / closing operation can be controlled by the control circuit of the indoor unit 28, for example.

  In the example shown in FIG. 1, the heat source supply / discharge device 24 is room temperature water that can discharge room temperature water (for example, 25 ° C.) such as clean water or industrial water toward the tray 30 of the vehicle 12 that is stopped at the station 20. A supply pipe 46 and a recovery tank 48 for recovering a cooling liquid source, that is, cooling water discharged from the discharge pipe 42 of the stopped vehicle 12 are provided.

  The room-temperature water supply pipe 46 extends from a water source (not shown) of the station 20 along the ceiling surface 16a and opens at the position corresponding to the tray 30 of the vehicle 12 being stopped toward the lower tray 30. A cylindrical cushioning member 46a made of, for example, an elastic body is attached to the open end in order to mitigate an impact caused by accidental contact with the vehicle 12 or the tray 30. The room temperature water supply pipe 46 is provided with an electromagnetic on-off valve 50 for controlling the supply of cooling water.

  In the illustrated example, the collection tank 48 is disposed below the platform 20 a of the station 20, and the collection pipe 52 extends from the collection tank toward the lower end of the discharge pipe 42 of the vehicle 12. At the upper end of the recovery pipe 52, there is provided a wide opening 52a that increases in diameter toward the lower end of the discharge pipe 42, and the wide opening reliably ensures that the cooling water discharged from the discharge pipe 42 is contained in the recovery tank 48. Can be recovered.

  The cooling water collected in the collection tank 48 is heated to, for example, 45 ° C. by use in the indoor unit 28 as will be described later. Therefore, as shown in the figure, the pipe 56 provided with the suction pump 54 can be sucked from the recovery tank 48 and then returned to the water source after, for example, natural cooling. Thereby, it can circulate and use in the station 20 in which the heat source supply / discharge device 24 was provided, without throwing away the water used as a cooling water source. Further, the water in the collection tank 48 can be used for WC cleaning and watering at the station 20.

  Moreover, since the cooling water in the collection tank 48 is heated to 45 ° C., for example, this hot water can be reused as a heat source for regenerating the adsorbent of the dehumidifier used at the station 20. it can. Without providing the recovery tank 48, the waste pipe 42 can be disposed on the floor of the tunnel 16. However, from the viewpoint of effective use of resources, it is desirable to recycle as a circulation use or heat source as described above.

  When room temperature water is used as the cooling source liquid, a conventionally well-known heat pump unit 58 can be used as the indoor unit 28 as shown in FIG. As is well known in the art, the heat pump unit 58 includes first and second heat exchangers 60a and 60b and a heat medium that causes a phase change of gas and liquid such as a chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant. A pipe 62 (62a, 62b) that forms a heat medium path that passes between them, and a compressor 64 and an expansion valve 66 provided in one pipe 62a and the other pipe 62b between the heat exchangers 60a, 60b, respectively. Prepare. In the cooling operation, the heat medium reaches the first heat exchanger 60a through the pipe 62a provided with the compressor 64 by the operation of the compressor 64, and further passes through the pipe 62b provided with the expansion valve 66. It is circulated counterclockwise in the figure so as to reach the heat exchanger 60b.

  The first heat exchanger 60 a is connected to the heat source tank 26 via a pair of pipes 38 and 38. Therefore, the normal temperature water is supplied from the heat source tank 26 by the operation of the pressurizing pump 40, and the normal temperature water circulates between the heat source tank 26 and the heat exchanger 60a as a coolant source. Since the heat exchanger 60a is supplied with the heat medium compressed by the operation of the compressor 64 as described above, the high-temperature and high-pressure heat medium heated by the compression is cooled from the heat source tank 26. By radiating heat to the liquid source, it changes into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. Therefore, the heat exchanger 60a acts as a condenser.

  After passing through the condenser 60a, the high-pressure heat medium passes through the expansion valve 66 and changes to a low-temperature and low-pressure heat medium due to adiabatic expansion, and when this low-temperature and low-pressure heat medium is sent to the second heat exchanger 60b, The ambient air is cooled by heat exchange with the ambient air of the heat exchanger. Therefore, the heat exchanger 60b acts as an evaporator. The air cooled by the evaporator 60 b is blown out toward the room 14 of the vehicle 12 by the blower 68. The heat medium that has passed through the evaporator 60b is compressed again by the compressor 64 and repeats the circulation cycle described above.

  Therefore, the operation of the heat pump unit 58 (indoor unit 28) using the normal temperature water in the heat source tank 26 can suitably cool the room 14 without releasing the exhaust heat from the cooling into the tunnel 16.

  The normal temperature water (about 25 ° C.) in the heat source tank 26 is heated by heat exchange with the heat medium in the condenser 60a, but is effectively used as cooling water by the heat pump unit 58 until this temperature reaches about 45 ° C. Can be used. Therefore, the effective cooling time is proportional to the capacity of the heat source tank 26. Therefore, assuming that the vehicle travels between adjacent stations in 2 minutes, the water capacity required for cooling for 2 minutes per one general subway vehicle is estimated.

For example, if the vehicle has a floor area of 49.4m ² and has a capacity of about 150 people, it will be assumed that the population density will be 7.5 people / m ² during rush hours. Become. At this time, if the total amount of heat per person (sum of sensible heat and latent heat) is about 207 W, the total amount of heat X per unit time per vehicle is 76,797 W. If the capacity of water required for cooling for the travel time between stations of 2 minutes is Y liter, the following equation is established.

        X × 0.86 × (2/60) = Y × 20 (1)

  Here, 0.86 in the left side is a parameter for converting the W unit into Kcal, and the coefficient (2/60) is a conversion parameter for the amount of heat per 2 minutes. Therefore, the left side is a value obtained by converting the total amount of heat into the amount of heat Kcal per 2 minutes. The right side is the energy value (Kcal) of Y liters of water (specific gravity 1, specific heat 1) that produces a temperature difference of 20 ° C. from 25 ° C. to 45 ° C.

  Since X = 76,797W in the equation (1), Y is 110 liters from the equation. Therefore, the amount of water required for cooling during traveling between adjacent stations is 110 liters. According to this, for example, when installing the heat source supply / exhaust device 24 for every five stop stations, 550 liters of water required by 5 × Y is required.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, three heat source tanks 26 are provided in one vehicle, but it is desirable that the dimensions of each tank be 500 mm (W) × 250 mm (H) × 4400 mm (L). . Thereby, the capacity | capacitance of each heat source tank 26 can be set to 550 liters. In this case, when the vehicle is stopped at the heat source supply / discharge device 24 (supply / drainage base), water is supplied to the first heat source tank 26 by operation of the corresponding on-off valves 34, 44 and 50, and simultaneously discharged from the second heat source tank 26. As a result, even if the operation of the two indoor units 28 connected to the first and second heat source tanks 26 is stopped, the indoor unit 14 connected to the third heat source tank 26 is cooled by the indoor units 28 connected to the third heat source tank 26 during this period. can do. That is, the drain valve provided in the branch pipe attached to one of the plurality of heat source tanks is opened (the water supply valve is closed), and the branch pipe attached to the other heat source tank is provided in the branch pipe. The water supply valve is opened (the drain valve is closed), and only the heat pump unit 58 related to the remaining heat source tank can be operated to cool. Therefore, continuous cooling is possible without interrupting the cooling for supplying and draining the heat source tank 26. The heat pump unit and the heat source tank do not have to be 1: 1, and a common large heat pump unit can be provided. In this case, for example, the large heat pump unit can be connected to each heat source tank so as to be diverted and cut off through a refrigerant branch pipe provided with a switching valve in the branch path.

  FIG. 4 shows an example of an air conditioning system 110 using an ice / water mixed slurry as a coolant source. Prior to the description with reference to FIG. 4, when the ice / water mixed slurry is used as the coolant source, the capacity of the heat source tank 126 provided in the air conditioner 122 of the vehicle 12 will be considered. The vehicle, its running conditions and other assumptions are the same as for water. However, assuming that 0 ° C. water is used as a cooling water source until reaching 12 ° C., and the ice / water mixed slurry is assumed to be a mixture of 50% water and 50% ice, the heat of melting of ice is 80 Kcal / Since it is h, the calorie | heat amount which melt | dissolves 1 kg ice and raises to 12 degreeC is calculated | required by following Formula.

        80 Kcal / h × 0.5 (IPF) + 12 = 52 Kcal / h (2)

  When the ice / water mixed slurry is used as a cooling liquid source and the capacity of the ice / water mixed slurry necessary for cooling for the traveling time between stations of 2 minutes is Z liter, the following equation is derived by referring to the equation (1). .

        X × 0.86 × (2/60) = Z × 52 (3)

  Since X = 76,797 W on the left side of the formula (3), the capacity Z required for the slurry is about 42 liters from the formula (3). Therefore, for example, when a heat source supply / discharge device is installed at every five stop stations, a heat source tank 126 for 210 liters of ice / water mixed slurry required by 5 × Z is required.

  Referring to FIG. 4 again, an ice heat storage system using supercooled water is used for the heat source supply / exhaust device 124 provided in the station 20. That is, the heat source supply / discharge device 124 includes the refrigerator 102, the supercooler 104, and the ice heat storage tank 106 as is well known in the art. A refrigerant circulates between the refrigerator 102 and the supercooler 104 through a pipe 108 provided with a pump 108a. On the other hand, a slurry feed pipe 116 and a water return pipe 118 are provided between the supercooler 104 and the ice heat storage tank 106. The water return pipe 118 is provided with a pump 120 that supplies water in the ice heat storage tank 106 to the supercooler 104. Therefore, a circulation path is formed between the supercooler 104 and the ice heat storage tank 106 by the slurry supply pipe 116 and the water return pipe 118. Although not shown, a supercool release device such as a well-known vibrator is provided at a connection portion with the slurry feed pipe 116 that is an outlet of the supercooler 104.

  The water sent from the ice heat storage tank 106 to the supercooler 104 by the operation of the pump 120 is cooled to the supercooled state by the refrigerant sent from the refrigerator 102 in the supercooler, and then the slurry feed pipe. It returns to the ice thermal storage tank 106 through 116. At this time, the supercooling water passing through the supercooling releaser is released from the supercooling state, and is returned to the ice heat storage tank 106 in a state where the ice / water is in an ice / water mixed slurry of about half. The water in the ice heat storage tank 106 can be supplied from the supply pipe 70. Details of the ice heat storage system using the supercooled water are described in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-14682.

  The ice / water mixed slurry in the ice heat storage tank 106 passes through a water intake pipe 146 provided with a pressurizing pump 72 and an electromagnetic on-off valve 150, and from a cylindrical buffer member 146a provided at the tip thereof to an air conditioner 122 of the vehicle 12. Can be supplied.

  The air conditioner 122 of the vehicle 12 that receives the ice / water mixed slurry from now on using the intake pipe 146 as a coolant source supply pipe includes the heat source tank 126 and the indoor unit 128 described above. The heat source tank 126 is installed on the roof surface 12a of the vehicle 12 so as to open the receiving port toward the ceiling surface 16a of the tunnel 16, and the receiving port has an automatic opening / closing shutter 126a that opens and closes the receiving port. Is provided. In the illustrated example, the indoor unit 128 is a well-known fan coil unit, and includes a heat exchanger 160 connected to the heat source tank 126 via pipes 138 and 138, and a blower 168. One pipe 138 is provided with a pressure pump 140 for circulating water in the mixed slurry in the heat source tank 126 between the heat source tank and the heat exchanger 160. The cooled ambient air is sent to the room 14 by the blower 168. In the illustrated example, the cooling liquid source (ice / water mixed slurry) in the tank is sucked and sent, but the brine may be circulated between the tank and the fan coil as a sealed conduit. .

  In the example shown in FIG. 4, a bleed for returning a part of the water heated through the heat exchanger 160 directly to the heat exchanger 160 without passing through the heat source tank 126 in order to adjust the cold air temperature into the room 14. An in-pipe 74 and a bleed-in valve 76 are provided. The bleed-in valve 76 substantially opens and closes a bypass pipe that joins water that has exited from the outlet of the fan coil unit 128 to a pipe line to the inlet. In accordance with the operation of the bleed-in valve 76, the heated water in the cooling water supplied to the heat exchanger 160 can be returned to the inlet of the fan coil unit 128 and the ratio of this return water can be changed. Thereby, for example, the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the heat exchanger 160 can be adjusted between 7 ° C. and 15 ° C., and the cold air temperature can be adjusted within this range.

  The ice in the heat source tank 126 is sequentially melted by the operation of the air conditioner 122, and when the water temperature in the heat source tank reaches a predetermined temperature (for example, 12 ° C.), the heat source tank 126 is discharged to discharge the water. The tank is provided with a discharge pipe 142 having an open / close valve 144. Therefore, when the vehicle 12 arrives at the station 20, by opening the on-off valve 144, the water in the heat source tank 126 can be discharged to the recovery tank 148 below the platform 20a as described above. The water collected in the collection tank 148 is returned to the ice heat storage tank 106 through the pipe 156 provided with the suction pump 154. It is desirable to provide a strainer 78 for capturing foreign matter in the pipe 156 to prevent foreign matter from entering the ice heat storage tank 106.

  When the room temperature water as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is used and a capacity of 110 liters is required for the heat source tank 26, when the ice / water mixed slurry shown in FIG. Only a volume of liters is required. From this, by using the ice / water mixed slurry, the capacity of the heat source tank can be reduced to about ¼ compared with the case of using water. Therefore, it is desirable to use an ice / water mixed slurry as a cooling heat source in terms of space saving of the air conditioner.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, when ice / water mixed slurry is used, a fan coil unit having a simpler structure than the heat pump unit can be used as the air conditioner, which is advantageous in terms of price. Of course, even when ice / water mixed slurry is used, the heat pump unit shown in FIG. 3 can be used as the air conditioner. Further, as the air conditioner shown in FIG. 3, an apparatus (disclosed in Patent Document 3) in which a heat pump unit and a fine coil unit are combined can be used.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, by using ground water of about 10 ° C., for example, as the water supplied to the heat source tank 26, a fan coil unit as shown in FIG. 4 is used instead of the heat pump unit. It can be used as an indoor unit.

  FIG. 5 shows an example in which a heat pump unit is used as the indoor unit 128 of the air conditioner 122 and a combination of an air-cooled condenser and a water-cooled condenser is used as the condenser of the heat pump unit.

  The indoor unit 128 shown in FIG. 5 is connected to the first heat exchanger 160a that exchanges heat between the air in the room 14 and the heat medium of the indoor unit 128, and refrigerant pipes 162a and 162b. The heat pump includes the second heat exchanger 160b and the third heat exchanger 160c. One of the pipes 162a is provided with a compressor 164 for circulating the refrigerant pipe line shown in FIG. 5 in the counterclockwise direction between the heat exchanger 160a and the heat exchanger 160b. The other pipe 162b is provided with an expansion valve 166 between the heat exchanger 160c and the heat exchanger 160a. The second heat exchanger 160b incorporates a blower 80 for releasing air to the vehicle 12 through the heat exchanger.

  Between the heat source tank 126 and the third heat exchanger 160c, a pipe 180 for guiding the water of the ice / water mixed slurry in the heat source tank 126 to the third heat exchanger 160c is provided. The pipe 180 includes an open / close electromagnetic valve 82 for opening and closing the pipe line and a pressurizing pump 140 for circulating the water in the heat source tank 126 to and from the third heat exchanger 160c when the valve is opened. Is provided.

  When the compressor 164 is operated in a state where the open / close solenoid valve 82 is opened and the blower 80 is operated, a high-temperature and high-pressure heat medium pressurized by the compressor is sent to the heat exchanger 160b. This high-temperature and high-pressure heat medium is cooled by heat exchange with the discharged air by the blower 80 in the heat exchanger 160b, and is changed into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. Therefore, the second heat exchanger 160b functions as an air-cooled condenser.

  When the high-pressure heat medium that has passed through the air-cooled condenser 160b is sent to the third heat exchanger 160c, the high-pressure heat medium is further cooled by exchanging heat with cold water from the heat source tank 126. Therefore, the third heat exchanger 160c functions as a water-cooled condenser. The low-temperature and high-pressure heat medium that has passed through the water-cooled condenser 160c is changed into a low-temperature and low-pressure heat medium (gas refrigerant) by the adiabatic expansion action of the expansion valve 166, and is sent to the first heat exchanger 160a.

  When the low-temperature low-pressure heat medium is sent to the first heat exchanger 160a, the ambient air is cooled by heat exchange with the ambient air of the heat exchanger. Therefore, the first heat exchanger 160a acts as an evaporator. Although not shown, the air cooled by the evaporator 160a is blown out toward the room 14 of the vehicle 12 by the operation of the blower (68) similar to the example shown in FIG. The heat medium that has passed through the evaporator 160a is compressed again by the compressor 164, and repeats the circulation cycle described above. Therefore, the air conditioner 122 can be operated with a high COP by the two-stage condensation action of the water-cooled condenser 160c using water in the heat source tank 26 and the air-cooled condenser 160b using air. This operation mode is referred to as a combined mode because the air-cooled condenser 160b and the water-cooled condenser 160c are used in combination.

  In this device configuration, when the operation of the blower 80 is stopped, the refrigerant passes through the air-cooled condenser 160b, but the air-cooled condenser 160b substantially stops its function. Therefore, this operation mode is referred to as a water cooling mode because only the water cooled condenser 160c acts as a condenser.

  In the air conditioning system shown in FIG. 5, the water cooling mode can be used for normal tunnel traveling, and the exhaust of heat due to cooling is not discharged into the tunnel 16 in the interior of the vehicle 12 as in the previous example. 14 can be suitably cooled.

  In the air cooling mode, for example, when the vehicle 12 has a failure in the tunnel 16 and the cooling water in the heat source tank 126 reaches a predetermined temperature by the operation in the water cooling mode, the emergency cooling mode is used. Can be used as

  In addition to the emergency use described above, when the ground traveling unit is provided on the route of the vehicle 12, the combined mode described above can be used when the vehicle 12 travels on the ground.

  As described above, instead of connecting the air-cooled condenser 160b and the water-cooled condenser 160c in series, a bypass pipe that bypasses the air-cooled condenser 160b between the pipe 162a and the pipe 162b, and the bypass pipe are provided. By installing the bypass valve, the air-cooled condenser 160b and the water-cooled condenser 160c can be connected in parallel to each other. However, the above-described series connection is desirable from the viewpoint of simplifying the pipeline. Depending on the vehicle structure, such as providing a receiving port on the side of the vehicle, guiding a coolant source from the receiving port to a heat source tank provided on the bottom of the vehicle via piping, and providing a heat pump unit at the connection between the vehicles. Suitable arrangement is possible.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

1 is a sectional view of a subway vehicle and a station to which an air conditioning system according to the present invention is applied. It is a top view of the vehicle shown in FIG. It is a systematic diagram of the equipment arrangement | positioning of the heat pump which shows an example of the indoor unit of the air conditioning system shown in FIG. It is drawing similar to FIG. 1 which shows the other specific example of the air conditioning system which concerns on this invention. It is drawing similar to FIG. 3 which shows the other specific example of the indoor unit of the air conditioning system which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10,110 Air-conditioning system 12 Vehicle 12b Ceiling space 14 Room 16 Tunnel 18 Track 20 (Heat source supply / exhaust base) Station 20a Platform 22, 122 Air conditioner 24, 124 Heat source supply / exhaust device 26, 126 Heat source tank 28, 128 Indoor unit 30 ( Receiving port) saucer 58 heat pump unit 60 (60a, 60b) 160, 160a, 160b, 160c heat exchanger (condenser, evaporator)
62 (62a, 62b) Piping 64 Compressor 66 Expansion valve 102 Refrigerator 104 Supercooler 106 Ice heat storage tank

Claims (11)

An at least one heat source tank that is provided in a subway vehicle and accommodates a coolant source so as to be supplied and discharged; and an indoor unit that cools the interior of the vehicle by heat exchange using the coolant source in the heat source tank. An air conditioner for circulating the coolant source between the tank and the indoor unit;
The cooling liquid source in the heat source tank, which is installed in a heat source supply / exhaust base provided along a subway line and heated by heat exchange in the indoor unit, is a cooling liquid source having a temperature lower than that of the cooling liquid source. An air conditioning system for a subway vehicle, including a heat source supply / discharge device for replacement.   The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the coolant source is water or an ice / water mixed slurry.   The said heat source tank is installed in the ceiling space of the said vehicle so that supply of the said coolant source may be received from the said heat source supply / discharge device through the receiving port installed in the roof surface of the said vehicle. Air conditioning system.   The heat source supply / discharge base is installed at a selected station, and the heat source supply / discharge device is configured to receive the coolant source when the heated coolant source in the heat source tank is discharged from the heat source tank. The air conditioning system according to claim 3, further comprising a recovery tank provided on or near the platform.   The cooling liquid source is room temperature water, and the indoor unit is supplied with the cooling liquid source and performs heat exchange between the cooling liquid source and a heat medium, and the heat that has passed through the condenser. An evaporator that receives supply of a medium and exchanges heat between the heat medium and air in the vehicle interior, wherein the heat medium is a heat pump unit that circulates through the condenser and the evaporator. The air conditioning system described in.   Each of the heat source tanks is connected to the receiving port via a pipe extending from the receiving port to each of the heat source tanks, and a switching valve for selectively connecting the receiving port to each of the heat source tanks on the pipe. The air conditioning system according to claim 5, wherein   The cooling liquid source is an ice / water mixed slurry, and the indoor unit is supplied with the cooling liquid source and exchanges heat with air in the vehicle compartment, and the heat exchanger A fan coil unit having a blower for supplying air cooled by the vehicle interior, and a condenser for receiving heat from the coolant source and exchanging heat between the coolant source and the heat medium; An evaporator that receives supply of the heat medium through the condenser and exchanges heat between the heat medium and air in the vehicle compartment, and the heat medium circulates through the condenser and the evaporator The air conditioning system according to claim 4, comprising at least one of the units.   The heat source supply / discharge device includes a supercooler that supercools water, a supercooler that converts supercooled water into ice / water mixed slurry, and an ice heat storage tank that stores the ice / water mixed slurry. The air conditioning system according to claim 7, wherein the ice / water mixed slurry is supplied from the heat storage tank to the receiving port.   The indoor unit includes an evaporator that exchanges heat between room air and a heat medium, a water-cooled condenser that uses the coolant source, and is connected to the evaporator through a refrigerant pipe. A heat pump having an air-cooled condenser, and the operation mode of the air conditioner stops the operation of the air-cooled condenser, operates the water-cooled condenser, and activates both the condensers. The air-conditioning system according to claim 4, wherein the water-cooling mode is used when the vehicle travels in a normal tunnel.   The subway line includes a ground traveling unit of the vehicle, and the air conditioner selects a water cooling mode when the vehicle travels in a tunnel, and selects a combined mode when the vehicle travels on the ground. Air conditioning system.   The air conditioning system according to claim 9, wherein the water-cooled condenser and the air-cooled condenser are connected in series to each other by the refrigerant pipe.

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